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7/31/2019 EMB l1 Girlz

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This Note is Done by : G1,G2 girls .. 210 batch ..~

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Embryology1st lecture ..

Male and female reproductive system consist of:

1-factory. 2-duct system. 3-external genital openings.

components :

Gonads = ( testis or ovary )[ factory ]

Male :

1- Testis:Lies outside the body in skin sac called scrotum


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Transverse Sec. in the testis shows:

250-400 seminiferous tubule that

involves in the production of semin.

In the seminiferous tubule there are two types of cells :

1) Germ cells :1- ( divide rapidly ,cycle shaped )2- Spermatogonia called the mother cell that give rise to sperm and

immature germ cell

( spermato = related to sperms / gonium = give rise to )

2) Long, nourishing and supporting cells ( Sertoli cells )Between each seminiferous tubule there are interstitial tissue ( contains leydige

cells ) these cells produce male sex hormones (androgens ,e.g. testosterone ).

Function of the testis :

1 ) exocrine build up sperms ( spermatogonium )

2 )endocrine secrete androgen and testosterone ( by leydige cells )


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2-Ducts :Epididymis :coma- shaped structure that has head,body and tail connected to

carrier container ( vas deferens ) then will go antero abdominal wall then to pelvic

cavity then goes behind the urinary bladder then make a widening ( ampulla ofvas defrans ) = ( storage of sperms ) .

. The inferior end of the ampulla narrows and connects with the seminal vesicles to

form the ejaculatory duct. The ejaculatory duct pierces the prostate gland , as

prostatic urethra.

The prostatic urethra enters into the membranous urethra

Urethra in male has three parts :

1 )Prostatic urethra : through the prostate

2 )membranous urethra : between two membranes .

3 )Penile urethra : through the penis .

On each sides of membranous urether there are Cowpers glands(bulbourethral

gland)

seminal fluid is consist ofsperms & the secretions of 4 accessory glands:

1. seminal vesicle secretion2. prostatic secretion3. Cowpers gland secretion (bulbourethral gland )4. mucus gland in the urethra


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Female :

ovaries (factory ) :

located in pelvic and has almost size and shape of the nuts . It have the parenchyma is glandular , functional tissue and the stroma has the

supportive function . On the sides there are balls ( follicles ) in the middle

fibrous tissue .

The ovary is consist of :

cortex ( outer layer ) medulla ( inner layer )ovum is formed in the cortex of the ovary ,Each month from one ovary

alternately when the ovary is injured .. The ovum comes out and caught byuterine tube ( Fallopian tube ).


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The uterine tube is divided into four parts :1- infundibulum :

( funnel-shaped ) , has fimbria . Some of it are

long and reach the ovary and called ovarian fambria.

2- ampulla of fallopian tube:( where fertilization happens )

3- isthmus ( narrow area )4- intramural part ( where the uterine tube adhere with the uterus )

Uterus:1. fundus of uterus ( dome shaped ) , The zygote is normally implanted into the

posterior wall near the fundus2. body3. isthmus of uterus4. cervix ( cervical canal :starts with the internal os ( circle ) , and ends with the

external os ( cyrcle ).

The layers of uterus :1- The muscle of the uterus is myometrium

2- The outer layer that cover the uterus(pertoniuom) Or epimetrium

3- The inner layer that lined the uterus is endometrium ( where the implantation

occur )

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