Upload
becka
View
41
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Emerging Modules for ASMs : Chemistry – Aerosols – Clouds. J-P Blanchet, É. Girard, C. Jones, P. Grenier, R. Munoz-Alpizar, T. Ayash, A. Stefanof, C. Stefanof, P. Du, A.Tatarevic, P. Dehasse, Y. Melin, D. Simjanoski, C. Jouan, J. Dorais, G. Dueymes S-A. Demers-Giroux, J.-N. Blanchet - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Emerging Modules for ASMs: Emerging Modules for ASMs: Chemistry – Chemistry – Aerosols – CloudsAerosols – Clouds
J-P Blanchet, É. Girard, C. Jones, J-P Blanchet, É. Girard, C. Jones, P. Grenier, R. Munoz-Alpizar, T. Ayash, A. Stefanof, C. Stefanof, P. Du,P. Grenier, R. Munoz-Alpizar, T. Ayash, A. Stefanof, C. Stefanof, P. Du,
A.Tatarevic, P. Dehasse, Y. Melin, D. Simjanoski, C. Jouan, J. Dorais, G. DueymesA.Tatarevic, P. Dehasse, Y. Melin, D. Simjanoski, C. Jouan, J. Dorais, G. DueymesS-A. Demers-Giroux, J.-N. BlanchetS-A. Demers-Giroux, J.-N. Blanchet
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences (SCTA)Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences (SCTA)Institute of Environmental Sciences (ISE)Institute of Environmental Sciences (ISE)
University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM)University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM)
and collaboration withand collaboration with
S. GongS. GongMSCMSC
Presented at the Presented at the International collaboration in Arctic System Modelling WorkshopInternational collaboration in Arctic System Modelling Workshop
July 16–17 July, University of Quebec at MontrealJuly 16–17 July, University of Quebec at Montreal
Funding AgenciesPartners
Aerosol Impact on the Weather and Climate SystemAerosol Impact on the Weather and Climate System
To be completed …
PermafrostSoil Moisture
Sea Ice
Sea Ice
Snow Cover
River Flow
Cold WinterTemperatures
ForestFires
Sea
Ice
Exp
ort
IndustrialAerosols
WarmSummer
DMSaerosol
L
Sea Ice
Smoke
Bio aerosolsClimateHydrologyAir Quality
AVHRR T 20 yr Summer Temperature Trend NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
Scientific Visualization Studio, Larry Stock, Robert Gersten based on data analysis by Joey Comiso (NASA)
Sea ice-albedo feedback (+)
Snow-albedo feedback (+)
A rapidly declining perennial sea ice cover in the Arctic, Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 29, No. 20, October 2002
http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/search/Keyword/Arctic.html
Mean Annual Trend °C / yr
AVHRR T 20 yr Winter Temperature Trend 1982-2002 NASA/Goddard Space Flight CenterScientific Visualization Studio, Larry Stock, Robert Gersten (2003)
Raatz, 1991
CGCM1/IS92a-Winter
2040-60 minus 1975-95
Mean Annual Trend °C / yr
Evidences of Evidences of aerosol alterations in the Arcticaerosol alterations in the Arctic
Bigg (1980) observed Bigg (1980) observed sulfuric acid coatingsulfuric acid coating on on nearly all other aerosol nearly all other aerosol particles during winterparticles during winter
Boris observed Boris observed reduced reduced ice nuclei activityice nuclei activity by 100 by 100 to 10000 fold in crystal to 10000 fold in crystal counts during counts during anthropogenic Arctic anthropogenic Arctic haze event.haze event.
Reaction on calcium fluorideRef.: Bigg, 1980
NARCM: Aerosol Size-Specie ResolvedNARCM: Aerosol Size-Specie Resolved
• Flexible model structure• Multi-components Simulations• Physically based size distribution• Numeric diffusion for particle growth• Computational intensive (large bin no.)
Gong, Barrie and Blanchet et al. 2003, JGR
Size
Mas
s
CanadianAerosol ModuleGong et al (1997, 2003)
D yn am icsP h ysics
S em i-lagran giantracer tran sp ort
C R C MC a na d ia n R e g io na l C lim a t M o d e l
A eroso l sou rcef u n ction
A eroso l p rocesses
C A MC a na d ia n A e r o so l M o d ule
N A R C MN o r the r n A e r o so l C lim a te M o d e l
• Saltation• Sea spray • Chemistry• Incloud oxydation• DMS• Volcano• Anthropogenic
• Nucleation• Condensation• Coagulation• Sedimentation• Wet deposition• dry deposition
65 full 4D tracers
12 size bins X 5 species
Model and Validation Structure
+
Canadian Regional Climate Model (GEM-Arctic)
Canadian Aerosol Module (CAM)+
Chemistry (GEM-AQ) +
Mixed Phase Cloud Resolving (GEM-CRM)
EarthCARE Instrument Simulator (Radar+Lidar+Rad+MLS)
+
Leve
l 2: V
alid
atio
n -
Clo
sure
A-Train: CloudSat-CALIPSO-MLS
Le
vel 1
Standard ProductsAlgorithms
PEARL / SHEBA / IPY
Laboratory
Instrumented Flights
New dedicated satellite instrument : TICFIRE
A-Train : CloudSat – CALIPSO – AQUA – AURA – AIRSA-Train : CloudSat – CALIPSO – AQUA – AURA – AIRS
Ref.: CALIPSO Web site
CALIPSO
CloudSat
PEARLab (CANDAC) at Eureka on PEARLab (CANDAC) at Eureka on Ellesmere Island in the Canadian ArcticEllesmere Island in the Canadian Arctic
(80 deg N, 86 deg W, 610 meters)(80 deg N, 86 deg W, 610 meters)
Methodology:
Compare Model Simulations to ground site measurements from Eureka, Alert, Spitsbergen, and Barrowand satellite data…
Cloud RadarLidar HSRL
µwave RadiometerAt sea level
Also at 610m
A-Train and PEARL ObservationsA-Train and PEARL Observations
PEARL
Observed Simulated
Monthly Mean Aerosol – Observed vs Simulated
Amount
Occurrence
Statistics for TIC – AerosolsJanuary & July 2007
Ref.: Grenier, Blanchet and Munoz-Alpizar (JGR, 2009)
Spain
Ala
ska
Kab
ul
Spain
Ala
ska
Kab
ul
Spain
Ala
ska
Kab
ul
TIC-2B
TIC-2A
TIC-1
Is there a 4th General Circulation Cell during extreme cold pole conditions?
A dynamics-aerosol-clouds-radiationInteraction on planetary scale
Lows drift NBring aerosol
Form TIC
Precipitate
Rad-CoolingAv. Pot. Energy
Summary Aerosol links air chemistry to climate via alteration
of cloud, precipitation, radiation and circulation in important ways.
Spreading over 5 orders of magnitudes, aerosol physics need adequate size and species resolution for treatment (6D).
Including explicit aerosol may now be optional, but will become essential for proper climate simulations.
Due to time and spatial scales, arctic aerosols are an important research topic.
Further at MOCA-2009
M 13.9 Stefanof et al (Monday 17h00)
M 13.10 Grenier et al (Monday 17h15)
M 13.12 Munoz et al (Monday 17h45)
J 03.17 Blanchet et al (Tuesday 9h30)
J 02.5 Blanchet et al (Wednesday 14h30)
M 12.1 Bertram et al (Thursday 10h30)
M 12.5 Girard et al (poster M557 Thursday)
J 02.2 Dorais et al (Poster J283 Wednesday)
J 02.1 Simjanovski et al (Poster J282 Wednesday)
Cold- Dry anomaly
Fast growing Ice
Aerosol lifting
Aerosol index
Process #1 – Adiabatic CoolingDynamics
Time Scale : ~ 6 – 24 hours
DT ≈ -10 to -20°C
Process #2 – Direct IR CoolingEmission from Ice Clouds
TIC-2B TIC-1
Time Scale : ~ 1 – 5 days
Heating Rate
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
-5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0
00:00-03:00
03:00-06:00
06:00-09:00
09:00-12:00 TIC-2B
DT ≈ -3 to -8°C
TIC 1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
-5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0
12:00-15:00
15:00-18:00
18:00-21:00
21:00-24:00 TIC-1
DT ≈ 0 to +2°C
Process #3 – Indirect IR CoolingEmission due to Lost Water Vapour
Time Scale : ~ 1 – 2 weeks
DT ≈ -5 to -10°C
PCP-Water ~ 1 mm Model Bias + 0.3 mm
DRY Anomaly
Net Effect of all 3 Processes
Total Cooling ≈ -30 to -40°C
TIC-2B TIC-1
Process #1: Dynamics
Process #2: Direct IR
Process #3: Indirect IRDry radiation
Dry adiabatic