Emerging Technology Initiatives - Aircraft Electronics Associationaea.net › ... › FAA_EmergingTechnologyInitiatives_August2018.pdf · 2018-08-17 · Emerging Technology Team –Proactive

Federal AviationAdministration

Emerging Technology

Initiatives

Presented to: AEA Technology Incubator

By: John Strasburger – Emerging Technology Program

Manager

Rotorcraft Standards Branch

817 222 5767 [email protected]

August 16, 2018

2Federal AviationAdministration

Agenda

• Rotorcraft Standards Branch

• Rotorcraft Safety Challenge

• Rotorcraft NORSEE Policy

• Rotorcraft Safety Continuum Policy

• Rotorcraft Mega Advisory Circulars (AC)

• Air Transformation


Rotorcraft Standards Branch

• Located in Fort Worth Texas

• Responsible for

– Part 27 and Part 29 Airworthiness Regulations

– Rotorcraft Advisory Circulars 27-1B and 29-2C

– Rotorcraft Policy


Rotorcraft Safety Challenge


The Rotorcraft Safety Challenge

• Recognize that rotorcraft are unique aircraft, with unique safety challenges.

• Determine how to use technology to improve rotorcraft safety, to address highest category operation accidents.

• Find means to encourage practical and economical installations of safety enhancing systems – which may require that we broaden our concept of “safety” to include an evaluation of both risks and benefits.


Top 3 Accident Categories

1. Loss of Control while, or deviation from

intended flightpath

2. Unintended Flight into Instrument

Meteorological Conditions (IMC)

3. Low-Altitude Operations– Collision or near collision with obstacles, objects or terrain

while intentionally operating near the surface (excludes takeoff

or landing phases).


NORSEE

7


NORSEE

• NOn-Required Safety Enhancing Equipment

(NORSEE)

• What is NORSEE?

– Applies to equipment not required by airworthiness

rules (parts 27/29) or operational rules (e.g. parts 91,

135)

– Subset of Non-Required Equipment that can be shown

to improve overall safety in rotorcraft

• Considers the risk side of the safety equation (as with any

system)

• Also considers the overall safety benefits of that system


Rotorcraft NORSEE Policy• Issued May 29, 2013

• Goal - encourage use of non-required, safety

enhancing equipment in rotorcraft

• Provide guidance and criteria to allow a

reduction in the DAL for systems that can be

shown to improve rotorcraft overall safety

– Lower equipment cost

– Allow for more rotorcraft to be equipped

with NORSEE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:R66_at_RHC.jpg


Rotorcraft NORSEE

• George Schwab

817-222-5114

[email protected]

• http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgPolicy.nsf/0/5

c598c7741ce2fc286257b7b00647060/$FILE/PS-ASW-27,%2029-10.pdf

mailto:[email protected]


Rotorcraft Safety Continuum


Rotorcraft Safety Continuum Policy

• PS-ASW-27-15

– Safety Continuum for Part 27 Normal Category

Rotorcraft Systems and Equipment

• Purpose

– For required equipment

– Facilitate a more rapid incorporation of advances in

technology for systems and equipment by

recognizing a balanced approach between the risk

and safety benefits for installing such technology


Part 29

Normal Category up to 9 pass . & 7,000 lbs.

Transport Category 7,000 - 20,000 lbs.

U.S. “Basic” Rotorcraft

Regulatory Distinctions(not exhaustive)

Transport Category

Over 20,000 lbs.


Table 1. Normal Category Rotorcraft Classes

Class Description

I Reciprocating Engine

Occupants 5 or less including crew

II Single Turbine Engine

Occupants 5 or less including crew

Up to 4000lbs Max Gross Weight

III Single Turbine Engine

Occupants 6 or more including crew

4001-7000lbs Max Gross Weight

IV Twin Turbine


Rotorcraft Safety Continuum Policy

• Establishes how the tailored approach is applied when assigning

the SAE ARP4754A Development Assurance Levels (DAL)

– DAL levels in Table 2 include both, the top level Functional Development

Assurance Level (FDAL) and the lower level Item Development Assurance

Level (IDAL) as described in ARP4754A.

• Use the standard Functional Hazard Assessment (FHA) process

as called out in ARP 4761 and assign the appropriate Hazard

Classification

– Catastrophic,

– Hazardous,

– Major, Minor or

– No Effect.

• Then apply the systems and equipment DALs in Table 2

commensurate with the appropriate class of rotorcraft found in

Table 1.


Relationship of Classes, Failure Conditions, Failure Rates and

Development Assurance Levels


• Policy Statement PS-ASW-27-15 released on June

30, 2017

• Revision now underway.

– Changes to Class 1 and 2 DALs being considered

– Software

Rotorcraft Safety Continuum Policy Status


• Rotorcraft POC

– Andy Shaw

– 817 222 5384

– [email protected]

Rotorcraft Safety Continuum Policy Status

http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgPolicy.nsf/0/0D4AF6EE7F3013848625815

600705441?OpenDocument


Rotorcraft Mega Advisory

Circulars (AC)

19


Rotorcraft AC 27-1B

This AC provides information on

methods of compliance with 14 CFR

Part 27, which contains the

Airworthiness Standards for Normal

Category Rotorcraft. It includes

methods of compliance in the areas of

basic design, ground tests, and flight

tests.

Normal Category Rotorcraft

• Max weight of 7000 lbs

• 9 or less passenger seats

https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.information/documentID/74403


Rotorcraft AC 29-2CThis AC provides information on

methods of compliance with 14 CFR

Part 29, which contains the

Airworthiness Standards for Transport

Category Rotorcraft. It includes

methods of compliance in the areas of

basic design, ground tests, and flight

tests.

Transport Category Rotorcraft

• 10 or more passenger seats

https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.information/documentID/74404


Air Transformation

22


AIR Transformation• 2015 Hearing on “FAA Reauthorization: Reforming and Streamlining

the FAA’s Regulatory Certification Processes

– “certification processes which have significant impacts on our nation’s ability to

innovate, manufacture and export the very safest products efficiently in an

increasingly competitive global market”

• Blueprint for AIR Transformation – Foster Innovation Element

– Engage Industry early to understand new ideas and ensure viable paths to

compliance in their design

– Where innovation pushes beyond the current means for achieving compliance,

AIR will proactively engage in establishing standards in collaboration with

industry organizations and international bodies

– Use of performance-based rules will promote innovative means of compliance

not bound by unnecessary prescription

– “For organizations that are new to aerospace, AIR will help them navigate

effectively by introducing them to the regulations and policies surrounding

product design and manufacturing.

http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/avs/offices/air/transformation/bluepri

nt/


Eight Vision Elements


AIR Initiatives

• AIR Realignment created Policy and

Innovation Division

– Rotorcraft, Small Airplane, Transport, Engine &

Propeller, AIR Systems and Equipment Standards

Branches

– Chief Scientific Technical Advisors

– Improves the Service’s standards and policy with a

particular focus on enabling new technology and

innovative business models


AIR Initiatives - Innovation Center for

Emerging Technology Team– Proactive engagement prior to project application to

identify when technology or proposed compliance

methods may be beyond scope of existing

regulations and policy

– Representatives from Rotorcraft, Small Aircraft,

Transport, and Engine and Propeller, AIR Systems

and Equipment Standards Branches

– Piloting processes and a five phase approach

• Identify technologies with regulatory and guidance gaps

• Risk assessment/technology readiness, prioritization, and

technology list processes,


Emerging Technologies

• Electric Propulsion

• Powered Lift Aircraft

• Increased AutomationAutomation

– Machine learning

• Advanced Sensors• LIDAR

• RADAR

• Camera

• POC• John Strasburger, 817 222 5767, [email protected]


Other Topics

• AC 20-152A and AC 00-AEH will be out for

public comment soon

– Recognizes DO-254

– Harmonized with EASA

– Has guidance on Complex COTS, COTS Intellectual

proprieties, clarifications on custom logic devices

– AC 00-AEH – companion best practices – not

guidance/not mandatory



U.S. Rotorcraft Accidents, NTSB Classification1,396 accidents, 10 Years (CYs 2007-16)

≈53% of

U.S. Rotorcraft Accidents

accounted for by Top 3

Industries


Summary of Accident

Contributing Categories, 07-16

• Personal/Private:– Account for approximately 21% of helicopter accidents.

– Based on estimated operating hours, contribute roughly 5 times their “fair share.”

• Instruction/Training:– Account for approximately 20% of helicopter accidents.

– Contribute roughly 1.5 times their fair share.

• Aerial Application:– Account for approximately 12% of helicopter accidents.

– Contribute approximately 2 times their fair share.


Functional Hazard Assessment

(FHA) Primer– “A systematic comprehensive examination of

functions to identify and classify failure conditions of

those functions according to their severity”

– Identify the related failure conditions and their effects

• Example: misleading attitude

– Classify the identified effects

• Catastrophic -

• Hazardous

• Major

• Minor

• No Effect


33

SAE ARP 4754A, DO-178B, and DO-254

Information Flow Summary

System Life Cycle

Processes

SAE ARP 4754A

Hardware Life Cycle

Processes

DO-254

Software Life Cycle

Processes

DO-178B

Requirements

Assurance Level

System Verification ActivityDerived Requirements

Configuration Identification

Problem Reports

Verification Results

Requirements

Assurance Level

System Verification Activity

Hardware Software Integration Requirements


NORSEE – PS-AIR-21.8-1602

• Section 1 guidance and procedures for

issuing a design, and production approval

to a U.S. manufacturer pursuant to § 21.8(d)

for equipment designated as NORSEE that

is determined to be a minor change to type

design and whose failure condition is

minor.

• Section 2 addresses NORSEE for systems

with failure condition more severe than

major


21.8 Approval of articles.

[ If an article is required to be approved under

this chapter, it may be approved--

• (a) Under a PMA;

• (b) Under a TSO;

• (c) In conjunction with type certification

procedures for a product; or

• (d) In any other manner approved by the

FAA.]

Documents

Emerging Technology Initiatives - Aircraft Electronics Associationaea.net › ... › FAA_EmergingTechnologyInitiatives_August2018.pdf · 2018-08-17 · Emerging Technology Team –Proactive