Employee Morale and Satisfaction MODULE # 3

Job satisfactionIt is the amount of pleasure or contentment associated with a job It is the overall amount of positive feelings that individuals have towards their jobs It is affected by various factors Individual factors Social factors relationship with the peer groups Organizational factors

Determinants of job satisfactionNature of jobNature of supervisionWorking conditions Rewards Opportunities for promotionEmployee morale

Employee Morale Morale is defined as the capacity of a group of people to pull together persistently in pursuit of a common purpose It represents a combination of feelings,attitude and sentiments that contribute to general feelings of satisfaction

Morale vs MotivationMotivation is a process which stimulates individuals to action to accomplish certain goals Motivation is something that makes a person move towards that action

Indicators of low morale High rate of absenteeism Excessive complaints and grievances Frustration among workers Friction among workers and their groups Antagonism towards leadership of the organizationLack of discipline

Morale should be kept high .Willing cooperation towards objectives of the organizationLoyalty to the organization Voluntary conformity to the rules and regulations ie good discipline High degree of employee interest in their jobs Reduction in the rate of absenteeism

How to improve the morale Fair remuneration Incentive system Congenial working environment Proper placement of employees utilizing the skills ,interest and aptitudes Two way communicationTraining Workers participationSocial activities Counseling

Methods to assess employee morale Observation of employee attitude and behaviourAttitude or moral surveyUse of morale indicators Use of suggestion boxes

Workers participation in management Workers participation in management means giving scope for workers to influence the managerial decision making process at different levels by various forms in the organization

Objectives of WPMIncreasing productivity for the general benefit of the firmGiving the employees a better understanding of their role in the industry Satisfied the urge of the workers for self expressionAchieving industrial peace ,better relations and increased cooperation

Modes of participation Works committeeJoint management councils Collective bargainingCo-patnershipSuggestion schemes Grievance procedure Quality circle

WPM at TISCOTISCO consist of a three-tiered system with Joint department councils (JDCs) Joint works councils (JWC) for the entire work, Joint consultative council of management (JCCM) at the top level.

JDCs advise on the steps necessary to promote and rationalize production, improve productivity and discipline and economize cost. Promotion of welfare and safety, encouragement of suggestions and improvement of working conditions also looked into JDSs have discussed a total of 14,104 suggestion of which 70.3 per cent have been implemented. JWCs discharge special function of reviewing every month the working of JDCs and other committees such as Suggestion Box Committee, Safety Committee, Canteen Managing Committee, etc.

JCCM was given the task of advising management on production and welfare and also looking at matters referred to by JDCs and JWCs

Suggestion schemes @ organisations Motorola reduced the number of defects in its products by 80 percent by having an effective suggestion scheme ITC follows a suggestion scheme (an employee involved plan) for continuous improvement seeking suggestions in the areas of productivity ,waste reduction,safe work practices and quality of work etc

Grievances Grievance means any real or imaginary feeling of dissatisfaction and injustice which an employee has about his employment relationship.

DEFINITION A grievance is any discontent or dissatisfaction, whether expressed or not, whether valid or not, arising out of anything connected with the company that an employee thinks, believes or even feels, is unfair,unjust or inequitable

Causes of Grievances Grievances arising out of Working Conditionsarising from Management policyarising from Alleged violation of certain rules arising out of Personal Maladjustment

Effects of Grievances

IndisciplineLow morale and decreased productivity High Absenteeism and turnoverLoss of faith in managementIncrease in accidents Formation of cliquesLowering of public image of the organization

Understanding Employee Grievances1. Exit Interview2. Opinion Surveys3. Gripe Boxes4. Open Door Policy

Standard Grievance Procedure (ILC)A voluntary Grievance procedure in pursuance to the Code of Discipline adopted in the 16th session Indian Labour Conference in 1958 . It contains Five successive time bound steps each leading to the next in case the aggrieved employee prefers an appeal.

GRIEVANCE PROCEDURE