Employment and Pay Rolls July 1939 - St. Louis Fed, rayon and allied products (1,700 workers), silk and rayon goods (1,600 workers), and flour (1,000 workers). Seasonal employment

Serial No. R. 990

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABORFrances Perkins, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSIsador Lubin, Commissioner

*++++###+»»+?

EMPLOYMENT

AND PAY ROLLSPrepared by

DIVISION OF EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS

Lewis E. Talbert, Chief

-and

DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION AND

PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT

Herman B. Byer, Chief

JULY 1939

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE • WASHINGTON • 1939

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

CONTENTS

PageSummary of employment reports for July 1939:

Total nonagricultural employment 1Industrial and business employment 1Public employment 5

Detailed tables for July 1939:Industrial and business employment 7Public employment 22.

Tables

SUMMARY

TABLE 1.—All manufacturing industries combined and nonmanufacturingindustries—employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings,July 1939 "_ 4

TABLE 2.—Federal employment and pay rolls—summary, July 1939 6

INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT

TABLE 3.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employ-ment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, July 1939 8

TABLE 4.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employ-ment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, May through July1939 *_ 12

TABLE 5.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—indexes ofemployment and pay rolls, July 1938 through July 1939 17

TABLE 6.—Geographic divisions and States—comparison of employmentand pay rolls in identical establishments in June and July1939 19

TABLE 7.—Principal metropolitan areas—comparison of employment andpay rolls in identical establishments in June and July 1939_ _ 21

PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT

TABLE 8.—Executive service of the Federal Government—employmentand pay rolls in June and July 1939 22

TABLE 9.—Construction projects financed by Public Works Administra-tion funds—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,July 1939, by type of project 23

TABLE 10.—Housing projects of the U. S. Housing Authority—employ-ment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, July 1939, bygeographic division 26

TABLE 11.—Projects financed by the Work Projects Administration—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, July 1939,by t.ype of project 27

(in)


IV

TABLE 12.—Employment and pay rolls on projects operated by the WorksProgress Administration, by type of project, for the secondquarter of 1939 28

TABLE 13.—National Youth Administration work projects and StudentAid—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked frombeginning of the program 28

TABLE 14.—Civilian Conservation Corps—employment and pay rolls,June and July 1939 29

TABLE 15.—Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction FinanceCorporation—employment, pay rolls, and man-hoursworked, July 1939, by type of project 29

TABLE 16.—Construction projects financed from regular Federal appro-priations—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,July 1939, by type of project 30

TABLE 17.—Construction and maintenance of State roads—emploj^mentand pay-roll disbursements, July 1939, June 1939, and July1938— 31


Employment and Pay Rolls

SUMMARY OF REPORTS FOR JULY 1939

Total Nonagricultural Employment

AGGREGATE employment in nonagricultural industries in July-showed virtually no change from the preceding month's level althoughthe experience of individual industries differed widely. The net de-crease of 30,000 workers was due largely to the seasonal decline inretail trade, which was less than the average July decrease reportedfor the past 10 years. Several of the service industries also showedseasonal employment recessions and anthracite and metal minesreported decreased employment. These losses wTere offset to a largeextent by employment gains in construction, transportation, andpublic utilities. The declines in manufacturing and wholesale tradewere negligible. Comparisons of total nonagricultural employmentin July 1939 with July 1938 showed an increase of approximately1,200,000 workers over the year interval.

These figures do not include emergency employment which de-creased 280,300 in July. Decreases of 294,700 on projects operatedby the Work Projects Administration and 5,300 on work projects ofthe National Youth Administration were partly offset by an increaseof 19,700 in the Civilian Conservation Corps.

Industrial and Business Employment

Employment gains from June to July were reported for 50 of the 87manufacturing industries surveyed monthly by the Bureau of LaborStatistics and for 8 of the 16 nonmanufacturing industries covered.Pay rolls were larger for 34 of the manufacturing and 5 of the non-manu fa cturing in du stries.

The over-all declines of 0.1 percent or 8,000 wage earners in manu-facturing employment and 2.3 percent or $3,800,000 in weekly factorywage disbursements were smaller than the usual decreases for thismonth of 0.2 percent and 3.7 percent, respectively. Factory employ-ment in July 1939 was 10.5 percent above the level of a year ago andcorresponding pay rolls were 18.8 percent higher than a year ago.

(1)


Most of the employment gains over the month interval in the manu-facturing industries were contraseasonal or larger than .seasonal.Among the industries showing such increases were men's clothing(8,500 workers), cotton goods (7,000 workers), book and job printing(3,600 workers), woolen and worsted goods (2,900 workers), aircraft(2,700 workers), radios and phonographs (2,600 workers), dyeing andfinishing textiles (2,300 workers), furniture (2,200 workers), meatpacking (1,700 workers), cane sugar refining (900 workers), petroleumrefining (800 workers), structural metalwork (800 workers), andmachine tools (700 workers).

Gains of about seasonal proportions were shown in the followingmanufacturing industries: canning (40,000 workers), shoes (13,C00workers), rayon and allied products (1,700 workers), silk and rayongoods (1,600 workers), and flour (1,000 workers).

Seasonal employment losses were reported by firms manufacturingwomen's clothing (17,3C0 workers), millinery (3,300 workers), glass(1,700 workers), steel (1,600 workers), pottery (1,300 workers),confectionery (1,100 workers), and stamped and enameled ware(1,100 workers).

Firms manufacturing rubber footwear reported a contraseasonaldecline (2,800 workers), while larger than seasonal recessions werereported by establishments manufacturing automobiles, bodies, andparts (65,300 workers), agricultural implements (2,500 workers),wirework (2,200 workers), and electric- and steam-railroad cars (1,800workers). The decline in the automobile industry was due in part tostrikes in certain key plants.

The employment gain of 7.4 percent in aircraft factories continuedthe unbroken series of monthly increases, which began in October oflast year, and brought the employment level to nearly 2){ times the1929 figure. Employment in shipbuilding showed a slight decline inJuly following the uninterrupted succession of monthly increaseswhich began in September of last year. The employment level inJuly for this industry was still above the level of every month sinceApril 1923 except June 1939. The employment index for the machinetool industry was higher in July than in any month since February1938.

The employment decline of 3.2 percent or 108,500 workers in retailtrade was slightly less than the average mid-summer loss shown in thelast 10 years. The more important lines or groups under retail tradeshowing decreases were general merchandising, apparel, furniture,lumber and building materials, farmers'*supplies, and jewelry. Retaillines showing increases were coal-wood-ice, with an employmentgain of 4.2 percent, and hardware, automobiles and automobile sup-plies, and food, with gains of 0.6 percent or less each.

Wholesale trade establishments as a whole reported a slight loss innumber of workers in July as compared with the preceding month.


Decreases were reported by wholesalers of lumber and buildingmaterials, farm products, and automobiles and automobile supplies.Gains w ere registered by dealers in groceries and food products;petroleum products; machinery, equipment, and supplies; and drygoods and apparel.

A contraseasonal employment increase of 1.8 percent in bituminous-coal mining was coupled with a pay-roll decrease of 2.8 percent becauseof generally decreased production and shut-downs for the July 4 holi-day. Quarries and oil wells increased their forces slightly, whileanthracite operators reduced the number of their workers somewhatmore than seasonally (12.1 percent). Employment in metal minesfell off 2.0 percent. On the other hand, public utilities increased thenumber of workers on their rolls slightly, while the seasonal gain of1.3 percent in laundries brought the employment level for this industryto the highest point since September 1937. Insurance firms reportedan increase of 0.8 percent in employment, but brokerage houses de-creased their personnel by 1.6 percent. Employment in hotels anddyeing and cleaning plants fell 2.8 percent and 3.2 percent, respectively.

Employment in private building construction showed an increase of4.5 percent from June to July, according to reports from 14,218builders and contractors employing 140,434 wage earners in July.Corresponding pay rolls increased 4.6 percent. Building employ-ment in the East North Central States increased 10.7 percent and inthe South Atlantic area 10.1 percent. All of the States in these tworegions shared in the increased employment except Delaware, whichshowed virtually no change. An increase in Connecticut of 7.6 per-cent offset slight decreases in the remaining five New England Statesand resulted in a gain of 0.6 percent for the New England group as awhole. The West North Central and Pacific divisions showed in-creases of 4.2 percent and 2.3 percent respectively, while the MiddleAtlantic area showed a gain of 1.7 percent, and the East South CentralStates an increase of 0.4 percent. Two geographic divisions, theWest South Central and the Mountain, registered decreases of 1.1percent and 1.0 percent, respectively. The reports on which thesefigures are based do not cover construction projects financed by theWorks Progress Administration, the Public Works Administration,and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, or by regular appropria-tions of the Federal, State, or local governments.

A preliminary report of the Interstate Commerce Commissionshowed a gain since June of 1.0 percent persons in the numberemployed by class I railroads. The total number working in Julywas 1,002,135. Corresponding pay-roll figures were not availablewhen this report was prepared. For June they were $154,436,650,an increase of 2.4 percent over the $150,858,242 figure for May.

Hours and earnings.—The average hours worked per week by wageearners in manufacturing industries were 36.6 in July, a decrease of


1.5 percent since June. The average hourly earnings of these workerswere 64.3 cents, a decrease of 0.7 percent as compared with the pre-ceding month. Average weekly earnings of factory workers fell 2.2percent to $23.70.

Of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for which man-hour dataare available, 3 showed increases in average hours worked per week,and 9 showed gains in average hourly earnings. Four of the sixteennonmanufacturing industries surveyed reported higher average weeklyearnings.

Employment and pay-roll indexes, and average weekly earnings inJuly 1939 for all manufacturing industries combined, for selected non-manufacturing industries, and for class I railroads, with percentage*changes over the month and year intervals are presented in table 1.

TABLE 1.—Employment, Pay Rolls, and Earnings in All Manufacturing IndustriesCombined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, July 1939

Industry

Employment

I PercentageIndex change f rom-July1939 June July

1939 1938

Pay roll Average weekly earnings-

IndexJuly1939

Percentagechange from—

June1939

July1938

Averagein July

1939


June1939

July1938

All manufacturing industriescombined *_ .-

Class I steam railroads 2

Coal mining:Anthracite 4__Bituminous 4

Metalliferous mining _Quarrying and nonmetallic

mining. _Crude-petroleum producingPublic utilities:

Telephone and telegraph. _.Electric light and power

and manufactured gasElectric-railroad and mo-

tor-bus operation andmaintenance _

Trade:WholesaleRetail

General merchandisingOther than general

merchandisingHotels (year-round) 7___Laundries 4

Dyeing and cleaning 4

BrokerageInsuranceBuilding construction.

(1928-25= 100)

90.5 - 0 . 1 +10.5

(1923-25•100)83.9 - 2 . 3 +18.8 $23. 70 -2.2

56.1

(1929=100)45.079.760.4

47.567.5

75.4

93.2

9.7

+1.0

- 1 2 . 1+1.8- 2 . 0

+.3+.7+.1

+1.0

- . 3 I

+7.8

+.9+1.5

+21.6

+7.7-6.7

+0.7

+1.1

- . 6

87.983.691.7

81.5SO. 2

100.0100.6(3)(3)(3)

- . 2- 3 . 2- 5 . 8

- 2 . 4- 2 . 8+1.3- 3 . 2- 1 . 6+.8

+4.5

+1.3+3.1+4.4+2.7

- . 5+2.2- 1 . 9- 7 . 2+1.2+8.9

(1929=100)25.364.647.8

40.862.4

94.6

100.1

70.8

75.970.983.8

68.279. 287.977.1

- 3 0 . 0- 2 . 8

- 1 1 . 2

- 2 . 1- . 1

+1.1- . 1

+()- 2 . 3- 4 . 9

- 1 . 6- 3 . 5+1.1-8 .4- 2 . 2+.2

+4.6

+25.1+13.8+25.7

+10.4- 6 . 5

4.2

+1.8

+2.6

+3.1+4.1+4.2

+3.9+2.3+6.0- . 6

-6.4+1.5

+14.3

18.6522.1125.11

21.6633.29

«31.06

«33.64

5 33.15

«29.975 21.58s 18.25

s 24.165 15. 05

17.9219.92

8 35. 525 34.38

30.85

- 2 0 . 4- 4 . 5- 9 . 4

-2.5

+•9- 1 . 2

- . 3

+.3+1.0+.9+.8- . 7- . 2

- 5 . 4—.6- . 6

-K6)

+23.9+12.1+3.3

+2.5+.2-

+3.4

+.8-

+3.1

+1.8+1.0'

- . 2

+1.2+2.8+3.7+1.3+.9'+.3

+4.4

i Revised indexes—Adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures.» Preliminary—Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.* Not available.4 Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented in January 1938

issue of this pamphlet.* Average weekly earnings not strictly comparable with figures published in issues of this pamphlet

dated earlier than April 1938, as they now exclude corporation officers, executives, and other employeeswhose duties are mainly supervisory.

6 Less than Ho of 1 percent.' Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.


Public Employment

Because many construction projects financed from funds providedby the Public Works Administration have passed the peak of employ-ment, the number of men at work on these projects decreased from293,100 in June to 273,800 for the month ending July 15, a decrease of19,300. As compared with the same month in 1938, employmentshowed a gain of 155,100. Pay-roll disbursements of $23,077,000were $2,879,000 less than in June.

Employment on projects of the United States Housing Authorityincreased from 8,700 in June to 13,000 in the month ending July 15.Pay rolls for July were $1,426,000, an increase of $308,000 over June.These figures cover new construction and demolition and pertainonly to those projects started under the United States HousingAuthority; those formerly under the Public Works Administrationare shown under the Public Works Administration building con-struction projects in this report.

For the fourth consecutive month, more men were working onprojects financed from regular Federal appropriations than in thepreceding month. During the month ending July 15, 265,200 menwere employed on these projects, a gain of 16,600 over June. Increaseswere reported in ship construction; water and sewerage; constructionof locks and dams; forestry; and rural electrification projects; whiledecreases occurred in building construction; heavy engineering;dredging, dike, and revetment; and street and road projects. Payrolls for the month were $25,776,000.

Approximately 2,500 men were working on projects financed bythe Reconstruction Finance Corporation, a slight decrease from thepreceding month. Pay rolls for the month ending July 15 were$266,000.

The release of workers employed continuously for a period of 18months or more on work-relief projects operated by the Work ProjectsAdministration (formerly the Works Progress Administration) causedemployment to drop from 2,438,300 in June to 2,143,600 in July, adecrease of 294,700. Pay-roll disbursements of $119,637,000 for Julywere $13,604,000 less than in June. Employment also decreased onFederal projects financed by the Work Projects Administration andon work projects of the National Youth Administration. The StudentAid program was not in operation during July.

During July, the number of workers in camps of the Civilian Con-servation Corps was 19,700 greater than in June and 5,800 greaterthan in July 1938. Of the 322,100 in camps during the month, 284,700were enrollees, 4,400 Reserve officers, 300 nurses, 1,600 educationaladvisers, and 31,100 supervisory and technical employees.

176258-39 2


In the regular services of the Federal Government, employmentincreases were reported in the executive, legislative, and militaryservices, and a decrease in the judicial service. Of the 928,000 em-ployees in the executive service, 124,000 were working in the Districtof Columbia, and 804,000 outside the District. Force-account em-ployees (employees who are on the Federal pay roll and are engagedon construction projects) were 9.5 percent of the total number ofemployees in the executive service. The Post Office Department andthe War and Navy Departments reported increased employment inJuly-

Employment on roads financed wholly from State or local fundsincreased 4,500 in July. Of the 146,200 at work, approximately20,000 were engaged in the construction of new roads and 126,200on maintenance work. Pay-roll disbursements for both types of roadwork were $10,522,000.

A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll data for July1939 is given in table 2.

TABLE 2.—Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, July and June 1939[Preliminary figures]

Class

Federal Services:Executive2

JudicialLegislativeMilitary

Construction projects:Financed by P. W. A.*U. S. II. A. low-rent housingFinanced by R. F. O.sFinanced by regular federal appro-

priationsFederal projects financed by the "Work

Projects AdministrationProjects operated by Works Projects

AdministrationNational Youth Administration:

Work projectsStudent Aid ...

Civilian Conservation Corps

Employment

July

927, 8872,1925,432

376, 326

273,80113, 0202,470

265,168

169, 851

2,143,593

207, 357(6)

322,058

June

3 925, 9822.2925, 353

363, 734

293,1038, 6792,503

248, 525

183, 749

»2,438,255

212,607281,316302, 339

Per-cent-age

change

+0.2- 4 . 4+1.5+3.5

+50.0- 1 . 3

+6.7

- 1 2 . 1

- 2 . 5

Pay rolls

July June

$138, 953, 657549, 952

1, 232, 15029, 273, 973

23,077, 3541, 426, 123

266, 391

25, 776, 242

6,058, 225

119,637,011

2, 570,078(6)

14, 459,934

3$14O,217,974561,879

1, 218, 29028, 488, 256

25, 956, 2051,118,077

290,517

26,437,806

8,590,116

133,241,302

3, 962. 5821,944,272

14,132,205

Per-cent-age

change

- 0 . 9- 2 . 1+1.1+2.8

-11.1+27. 6

- 8 . 3

- 2 . 5

-29.5

-10.2

-35.1

1 Includes data on projects financed wholly or partially from Federal funds.2 Includes force-account and supervisory and technical employees shown under other classifications to

the extent of 121,189 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $14,597,828 for July 1939, and 119,314 em-ployees and pay-roll disbursements of $15,634,335 for June 1939.

3 Revised.* Data covering P. W. A. projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act funds, Emergency

Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds, and Public Works Administration AppropriationsAct of 1938 funds arc included. These data are not shown under projects financed by the Work ProjectsAdministration. Includes 16,396 wage earners and $1,509,437 pay roll for July 1939; 19,146 wage earnersand $1,936,132 pay roll for June 1939, covering Public Works Administration projects financed from Emer-gency Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935,1936, and 1937 funds. Includes 251,735 wage earners and $20,914,518pay roll for July 1939: 267,626 wage earners and $23,272,006 pay roll for June 1939, covering Public WorksAdministration projects financed from funds provided by the Public Works Administration Appropria-tion Act of 1938.

«Includes 639 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $59,636 for July 1939; 6S9 employees and pay-rolldisbursements of $64,41.4 for June 1939 on projects financed by the RFC Mortgage Co.

6 Student Aid program not in operation during July.


DETAILED TABLES FOR JULY 1939

Industrial and Business Employment

MONTHLY reports on employment and pay rolls are available for thefollowing groups: 87 manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturingindustries, including private building construction; and class I steamrailroads. The reports for the first two of these groups—manufactur-ing and nonmanufacturing—are based on sample surveys by the Bu-reau of Labor Statistics. The figures on class I steam railroads arecompiled by the Interstate Commerce Commission and are presentedin the foregoing summary.

EMPLOYMENT, PAY ROLLS, HOURS, AND EARNINGS

The indexes of employment and pay rolls as well as average hoursworked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weeklyearnings in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in July1939 are shown in table 3. Percentage changes from June 1939 andJuly 1938 are also given.

Employment and pay-roll indexes, as well as average hours workedper week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings forMay, June, and July 1939, where available, are presented in table 4.The May and June figures, where given, may differ in some instancesfrom those previously published, because of revisions necessitatedprimarily by the inclusion of late reports.

The average weekly earnings shown in tables 3 and 4 are computedby dividing the total weekly pay rolls in the reporting establishmentsby the total number of full- and part-time employees reported. Asnot all reporting establishments supply man-hours, averge hoursworked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily based ondata furnished by a smaller number of reporting firms. The size andcomposition of the reporting sample varies slightly from month tomonth. Therefore the average hours per week, average hourlyearnings, and average weekly earnings shown are not strictly com-parable from month to month. The sample, however, is believed tobe sufficiently adequate in virtually all instances to indicate thegeneral movement of earnings and hours over the period shown.The changes from the preceding month, expressed as percentages,are based on identical lists of firms for the 2 months, but the changesfrom July 1938 are computed from chain indexes based on the month-to-month percentage changes.


TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries

MANUFACTURING

[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100,

Industry-

All manufacturing _ _Durable goodsNondurable goods

Durable goodsIron and steel and their products, not including

machineryBlast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills. _Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivetsCast-iron pipeCutlery (not including silver and plated cut-

lery) and edge toolsForcings, iron and steelHardwarePlumbers' suppliesStamped and enameled wareSteam and hot-water heating apparatus and

steam fittingsStovesStructural and ornamental metal workTin cans and other tinware...Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,

files, and saws) _ _ _Wirework _ _ _. _

Machinery, not includingtranspartation equipment.Agricultural implements (including tractors)..Cash registers, adding machines, and calcu-

lating machinesElectrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.Engines, turbines, water wheels, and wind-

mills

and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufacturers. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 1938.Comparable series available upon request]

Employment

IndexJuly1939

90.582.198.5

86 791.987.969.3

79 848.065.675.6

131.4

69.880.769.595.3

79.9132.395.7

108.1

129.386.1

06.8


June1939

- 0 . 1

- 2 . 1+1.5

— 9- . 4- . 4

+2.2

- 4 . 3+ (2)- 4 . 3+1.1- 2 . 5

+.9- 2 . 4+2.4+2.5

-4.8- 8 . 2+.1

- 4 . 8

- . 8+.3

- 2 . 8

July1938

+10.5+18.8+6.0

+13 2+11.8+13. 9+12.4

+24.9+24.6+16.1+4.2

+25.0+4.0

+18.3+17.6+4.2

+14.6+20.7+15.4+7.4

- 5 . 9+18.0

+17.9

IndexJuly1939

83.976.692.1

76 779.075.361.8

68.444.963.365.5

123.4

56.166.360.8

101.3

74.0136.594.9

114.6

122.087.4

113.3

Pay rolls


Juno1939

- 2 . 3- 5 . 9+1.2

- 5 . 0- 4 . 5- 8 . 0+(2)

-12.0- 1 . 7

-11.4- 3 . 2- 6 . 1

- 4 . 7- 5 . 7+.3- . 3

- 9 . 1-10.3- 1 . 6- 3 . 6

- 1 . 2- . 7

- 3 . 6

July1938

+18.8+30.7+9.5

+33.6+40.3+28.7+19.0

+31.3+55.2+31.2+ 18.5+34.1+8.9

+27.5+24.5+7.3

+28.5+49. 0+3D. 5+16.3

- . 8+36.3

+31.9

Average weeklyearnings l

July1939

$23. 7026.4021.27

25.8027.1221. 7921.28

21. 5927.4323.3824.7022.68

24.2324. 2627.5623.12

22.8824.7227.5529.20

30.5228.05

30.36


June1939

- 2 . 2- 3 . 8- . 3

- 4 . 0—4. 1- 7 . 7- 2 . 1

- 8 . 0- 1 . 8- 7 . 4- 4 . 2- 3 . 7

- 5 . 6- 3 . 3- 2 . 0- 2 . 8

- 4 . 5- 2 . 3- 1 . 6+1.3

- . 4- 1 . 0

- . 8

July1938

+7.5+11.9+3.3

+18. 2+25. 4+12. 9+5.9

+5.2+24.6+13.0+13.8+7.3+4.7+7.7+5. 9+2.9

+12.2+23.5+13.1+8.4

+5.3+15.5

+11.8

Average hours workedper week *

July1939

36.636.137.0

34.232.131.836.6

37.636.237.436.836.4

35.137. 137.938.1

36.836.238.037.4

37.537.8

39.2


June1939

- 1 . 5- 3 . 0- . 3

- 4 . 1- 4 . 8- 6 . 4- 1 . 7

—3.1- . 8

- 3 . 1- 4 . 0—3.0

- 4 . 9- 2 . 4- 3 . 0- 3 . 3

- 5 . 2- 3 . 6- 1 . 5

+.7- . 3

- 1 . 1

July1938

+5.2+9.2+2.6

+15.5+23.5+ 17.4+6.7

+11.4+22.7+17.9+11.2+8.3+5.2+7.5+5.4-(2)

+11.4+18.3+12.7+7.7

+4.8+15.2

+13.1

Average hourlyearningsl

July1939

Cents64.371.858.1

76.084.968.557.8

61.275.862.567.362.8

69.165.672.860.5

62.368.472.478.5

81.874.3

77.9


June1939

- 0 . 7- . 8- . 1

+.6+1.2- 1 . 4

A

+.2- 1 . 0- 4 . 5

- . 2+.4- . 8- . 9

+1.0+.3+.6

+1.4

+.'o- . 3+.1

- . 5

July1938

+1.5+2.0

- . 1

+1.3+1.3- 3 . 6- . 7

- 1 . 2+1.4- 4 . 1+2.4+.6- . 2

- ( 2 )+.3

+2.7+.7

+4.6+.1+.7

+.1+.6

- 1 . 0

GO


Foundry and machine-shop products, _Machine toolsRadios and phonographsTextile machinery and partsTypewriters and parts

Transportation equipmentAircraftAutomobilesCars, electric- and steam-railroadLocomotivesShipbuilding

Nonferrous metals and their productsAluminum manufacturesBrass, bronze, and copper productsClocks and watches and time-recording de-

vicesJewelryLighting equipmentSilverware and plated wareSmelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.

Lumber and allied products. . .FurnitureLumber:

MillworkSawmills

Stone, clay, and glass productsBrick, tile, and terra cottaCementGlassMarble, granite, slate, and other productsPottery

Nondurable goods

Textiles and their productsFabrics

Cnrpcts and rugsCotton goodsCotton small waresDyeing and finishing textilesHats, fur-feltKnit goods

HosieryKnitted outerwearKnit ted underwearKnitted cloth

Silk and rayon goodsWoolen and worsted goods

"Wearing apparelClothing, men'sClothing, women'sCorsets and allied garments

85.2139.4117.374.9

119.778.2

, 377.875.429.429.8

120.391.9

160. 298.5

79.891.175.460.570.567.280.0

57.354.573.957. 372.090.548.076.1

95.089.279.385.781.5

109.183.7

113.1141.977.373.5

153.157.781.4

100. 4102. 6138. 4105.8

+.1+1.8+8.1+2.5- 3 . 5

-13 .0+7.4

-17 .7- 8 . 9

+10.4- 1 . 0+.3

+3.6- . 2

- . 1+4.0- 1 . 0- 7 . 6

- . 6+.6

+1.7+.2+.2- . 8+.3

+1.2- 2 . 6+4.6- 4 . 4

+.1+ 1.6+.6

+ 1.9+3.2+2. 5+4.9+.1+.2

+2.3- 1 . 6+.5

+2.3+2.1- 2 . 7+4.7- 8 . 9

- . 8

+12.5+26.1+43.7+39.0+3.6

+40.9+73.4+42.0+29.2+47.0+25.6+16.2+31.3+14.3

+8.4+15.1+20.0+19.3+11.2+10.7+-12. 3

+12. 6+9. 5

+14.4+17.3+2.4

+21.2+8.9+ 9.4

+9.7+10.9+26. 3+9. 6

+20. 4+12. 5+4.9+8.1+6.7

+11.7+10.4+11.6+4.8

+19.0+7.6

+14.2+2.9

+13.5

80.2153.3103.576.8

114.975.9

1,347.272.026.226.3

127.883.1

152. 2102.6

79.872.464.351.765.258.864.9

46.446. 862.542.869.587.436.462.1

77.475.564.672.475. 989.382.8

107.6140.769.665. 6

126.946.068.378.676.194.2

108.5

-2.7+.1

+8.7+1.8+.5

-14 .9+2.8

-18 .7-17 .7+8.0- 3 . 4

- . 7- 5 . 6+3.6

+(2)- . 8

- 4 . 0-11 .7- 1 . 8- 6 . 0- (9- 4 . 0- 9 . 8- 6 . 6- 7 . 4

- . 4- 9 . 0

- . 3-10 .2

- . 3+1.3

- . 2+2.2+ 3.9+.8

+10. 8- 1 . 6- 2 . 3+1.5- 3 . 7+3.1+1.0+2.4- 2 . 8+6.1- 8 . 7- . 5

+25.9+62.7+43.0+69.5+25. 6+43.8+82.9+51.8+29.5+70.4+28.0+23.5+36. 5+31.6+33. 9+ 18.4+29.8+35. 8+ 14.8+16.6+26.6+11. 5+ 12.6+17.7+20. 9+5. 2

+26.3+8.7

+ 17.0

+16.2+ 14.9+ 14. 6+13.7+28.9+14. 0+10.5+9. 6+4.9

+22. 6+21.0+13.8+8.S

+23.0+19.1+32.72+9. 5+31.5

26.9531.2321.7126.6323.05SO. 9529.4531.4224.3628.3831.7125. 4124.2028.31

21.3422.3124.6623.4426. 0519.8119. 30

21.4119. 2622. 6119. 5826. 8t23.2725.8320.30

16.4716. 2321.6113. 8317.7819.7824.5316.9017. 6316.7614.9018.3415.1519.4217.1619.1117.7116.70

- 2 . 8- 1 . 7+.6—.6

+4.2- 2 . 1- 4 . 2- 1 . 2- 9 . 7- 2 . 2- 2 . 5- 1 . 1- 8 . 9+3.9+.2

- 4 . 5- 3 . 0- 4 . 5- 1 . 1- 6 . 5- 1 . 7

- 4 . 8-10 .0- 5 . 8- 7 . 6- 1 . 6- 6 . 5- 4 . 7- 6 . 0

- . 4- . 4- . 7+.3+.6

- 1 . 6+5.6- 1 . 8- 2 . 4

- . 8- 2 . 1+2.6- 1 . 2+.3- . 1

+1.3+.2+.2

+11.8+29.0

+22! 0+21.2+5.7+5.5+6.8+.3

+15. 8+1.9

+10.8+4.0

+15.1+23.7+3.0+8.1

+13. 9+3.3+5.4

+12.7- 1 . 1+2.8+2.9+3.1+2.7+4.2

+6.9

+6.0+3. 5

+14.4+3.6+7.0+1.2+5. 4+1.3- 1 . 7+9.7+9.6+2.4+3.8+3.4

+10.8+16.1+6.4

+16.0

37.641.837.740. 536.035.140.634. 032.837.237.6S7.836.039.7

36. 337.635.837.037.536.837.2

39.735.935.336.638.032. 535. 735.8

35.235. 933. 936.138.537.634. 434.933.736. 937.139. 235.336.833.733.534.137.1

- 2 . 9—1.4+1.6

- . 2+4.2- 1 . 0- 3 . 1

- . 7-10 .0- 1 . 3- 2 . 3

- . 9- 7 . 6+2.8

- . 2- 2 . 6- 1 . 3- 3 . 7- 1 . 7- 5 . 9- 1 . 7

—1.1- 8 . 4- 5 . 6- 7 . 1- 3 . 0- 7 . 0- 5 . 6- 2 . 8

- . 9- . 1- . 9+.3

+ 1.5+.3

+3.3- 1 . 2— 1.9+.6

- 1 . 1+2.2

- . 2+.1

- 2 . 7- 1 . 5—4.1

- . 2

+11.4+25.7+3.7

+23.0+22.9+8.6+3.4+7.1+.2

+ 16.0+1.4+9.9+0.2

+15.1+20.5+4.6+7.4

+16.1+.7+.7

+8.3- . 3

- 3 . 1- . 2

— 1.3+.5

+1.4- 2 . 1

+10.4

+7.1+5.5

+13. 6+5.5+6.5+3.7+2.8+6.8+5.2+4.1

+15.2+4.2+5.0+4.0

+11.0+15.0+9.9

+18.2

71.674.857.665.861.083.472,492.674.276.383. 267.167.071.7

58. 758.368.964.069.553.752.4

51.054. 364.653.170.671.572.961.7

47.145.863.73S.347.152.472.349.552.845.340.246.142.553.049.555.548.644.8

+(J)- . 2- . 9- . 5

- ( 2 )- 1 . 1- . 1—.6+.3- . 9

+(2)- . 2- 1 . 5

+1.1+.3

- 2 . 3- 1 . 8

—.4+.5

- 1 . 2+.4- . 8

- 2 . 1+00- 1 . 3+1.5+.4+.9- . 4

+.4+.2+.2+.4- . 2

- 1 . 4+.7+.5

+1.0- . 9

- 1 . 4+.9

- 1 . 2+.5

4-1.0- . 5

+3.7+.2

+.7+2.8- 4 . 1- 1 . 0- 1 . 4- . 2+.9- . 3+.1- . 2- . 3+.2

- 2 . 2+.1

+2.7- 1 . 5+.7

- 1 . 5+2.7+4.2+1.1-.5

+7.5+2.8+10+2.2+2.6+2.7+1.1

- 1 . 0- 1 . 1+.7

- 1 . 7+.3

- 1 . 9+1.8- 2 . 8- 3 . 6+5.4- 3 . 6- 2 . 5- 1 . 3

—. 5- . 6

- 3 . 1- 3 . 9- 1 . 6

For footnotes see end of table.


TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries—Continued

MANUFACTURING—Continued

[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25= 100, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 193S.Comparable series available upon request]

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued

Textiles and their products—Continued.Wearing apparel—Continued.

Men's furnishingsMillineryShirts and collars

Leather and its manufacturesBoots and shoesLeather __ _

Food and kindred productsBakingBeverages _ _ _ -ButterCanning and preserving _ _ _ _ConfectioneryFlourIce cream _ _ _ _ _ _ _Slaughtering and meat packingSugar, beetSugar refining, cane _ _ _ _ _ _

Tobacco manufactures _ _ _ _ _ _ _Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff. _ _ _ _Cigars and cigarettes _ .

Paper and printing _. _Boxes, paperPaper and pulpPrinting and publishing:

Book and jobNewspapers and periodicals

Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum re-fining _

Petroleum refining. __

Employment

IndexJuly1939

125.747.7

114. C93.694.084. 3

129.6147.12(37. 8108. 0108. 967.081. 694. 999.153. 690. 564.057. 004.8

105.2101. 0105.8

100.2103.7

109.4120.6


June1939

- 1 . 8-18 .0

—.9+5.9+7.1+.9

+5.5+.2

+.1. 0+.7

+39. 5- 2 , 5+4. 1+.5

+1. 3+5. 0+7. 0+.3

- 2 . 7

+.0+.5+ 1.4

- . 3

+2.7- 1 . 9

+.6+1.1

July1938

+4.3- 4 . 3+6.6+4.8+2.8

+14.1+.8

+ 1.4+3.2- 2 . 6- 5 . 4- . 7

+4.7+.2

+4. 6+.7

+2.8+4.1-3.7+5.1+3.6+9.2+4.2

+2. 5+1.5

+4.7- 1 . 0

IndexJuly1939

109.933.094.077.874.384.1

130.414(5.2331. 294. 3

142.263. 683. 581. 9

112. 449.077.859.707. 958. 0

100.8104. 5101.1

90.7103.4

118.7131.4

Pay rolls


June1939

- 3 . 1-18 .8—6.9

+11.5+16.3

- . 6+3.8+.7

+1.0+1.8

+39. 3- 7 . 2+8.2+2.4+2. 3

-11 .0+4. 3+1.4+3.4+1.0- 1 . 4- . 9

- 3 . 1

+2.3-3 .3

- . 7- 2 . 1

July1938

+16.9- 9 . 4

+20. 8+12.1+10.9+16.7+1.5+2.3+3. 5- 1 . 6- 9 . 5

+.8+5.1+ L 6+4.2—7. 7- 4 . 4+4.6- 1 . 4+5.4+5.1

+12.3+4.4+6.6+2.3

+6.8- 2 . 9

Average weeklyearnings

July1939

13.2218.0612.3819.7018.7423.8724.6126.0534.9322.9615.4917. 6626. 2829.0328. 5423. 5623.1517.4318.5217. 2027.5721.1923.40

30.1636.78

28.9933.91


June1939

- 1 . 3- 1 . 0- 6 . 1+5.2+8.6- 1 . 5- 1 . 7+.5

~(2)+1.0—.1

- 4 . 7+4.0+1. 9+ 1.0

- 1 5 . 7- 3 . 0+1.1+6.3+.4

-1 .8- 2 . 3- 2 . 9

—.5- 1 . 5

- 1 . 8- 3 . 2

July1938

+12.2- 5 . 4

+13.4+6.9+7.8+2.3

+ • 7+1.0+.3

+1.0-4.3+1.4+.3+1.3

- . 4- 8 . 3- 6 . 9+.5

++

2 1+1.4+2.8+.2

+4.0+.7

+2.6- 1 . 9

Average hours workedper week

July1939

34.430.432.537.537.737.840.142.140.748.034. 631.043. 347.541.631.936.137.035.337.237.53S. 938.0

38.335.5

37.934.7


Juno1939

0+3.7- 5 . 0+7.2

+10.1- 1 . 7- . 9- . 3

+.3+1. 2-7.9+3. 2+.8

+1.7- 2 2 . 4- 2 . 5+1.1+1.4+.8

- 1 . 2- 2 . 1- 2 . 6

+.6- 1 . 4

- 1 . 7- 4 . 1

July1938

+9.0- 2 . 5+5.4+2.6+4.7+1.8- 2 . 7

- . 2- 1 . 4+ 1.2

-11 .4- 1 . 9- 4 . 8- 2 . 3—. 5

- 1 2 . 8-13 .4- 1 . 5- . 8

- 2 . 1+1.5+4.2+.4

+3.9- 1 . 2

+2.4- 1 . 8

Average hourlyearnings

Julv1939

Cents37.459.838.352.148.863.061.562.486.848.041.551. 960. 400.468. 775.764.147.652.447.077.054.861.6

80.2100.1

77.098.5


June1939

- 0 . 3- 4 . 0- 1 . 3- 1 . 3- 1 . 4- . 2

- 1 . 4+1.1+(2)+1,2-3.7+2.8+.1+.2- . 6

+7.7- . 5+.3

+1.8+.1- . 5- . 3- . 2

A

+ .1+1.0+1.1

Julv1938

+5.7+.4

+5.1+1.9+1.7+.5

+2.9+2.1+1.7+.7

+1.8+5.2+3. 2+• 1

+5. 3+7.0+2.8+3.0+3. 2+.3

- 1 . 2- . 2

+.3+2.2

- . 2- . 1


J ther than petroleum refiningChemicalsCottonseed—oil, cake, and mealDruggists' preparationsExplosivesFertilizersPaints and varnishesRayon and allied productsSoap

Rubber productsRubber boots and shoesRubber tires and inner tubesRubber goods, other

106.6115.142.9

101. 687.405.5

117.2309. 892. 078.840.767.2

128.9

+.4+.5

- 9 . 1- 2 . 2+1.7- 7 . 0- 1 . 7+3.8+2.9- 1 . 7

- 1 9 . 4+.7

+1.1

+5. 5+0.7

- 2 7 . 7- 2 . 4+8.5+2.4+5.8

+14. 5+5.0

+14.7+10.3+10 7+20.9

114.8128.437.5

118.298.1(53. 2

121.7309.495.283.344.179.1

123.1

- . 2- . 5

-8.2- . 7

+1.8- 2 . 3- 3 . 7+4.2+1.8- 1 . 1

- 2 3 . 3+3.0- 1 . 0

+10.7+12.2- 2 6 . 7+0.1+9.8+ . 2

+9.7+24.0+9.3

+30.0+20.1+31.8+29.6

26.7130. 7413. 5523. 9230. 9717.6528.1424. 2729. 4228.2221.6133.8422.47

- . 6- 1 . 0+1.0+1.6+.2

+5.0- 2 . 1+.4

- 1 . 1+.7

- 4 . 8+2.4- 2 . 1

+4.9+5.1+1.5+8.8+ 1.2- 2 . 1+3.7+8.3+4.0

+ 13.3+8.8

+19.1+7.1

39.139. 341.140.538.436.440.038. 339.636.435.735. 637.6

- . 8- 1 . 8—2.7+1.9+.1

+2.4- 2 . 5+.9- . 9- . 5

- 4 . 2+2.1- 2 . 2

+3.9+4.9

-13.4+8.0+4.5- 3 . 0+4.1+9.0+2.6

+15.9+7.3

+18.7+5.7

68.578.331.359. 580.748.570. 463. 974.477.360. 595.660.4

+.8+.8

+ 1.9+.7

+ (2)+2.4+.5- . 5- . 3

+1.2- . 5

+1.0+.2

+.7+.2

+14.6- . 8

-3 .2+.5

2- . ' 6

+1 . 5-1 .7+1.4+1.4+1.4

NONMANUFACTURING

[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100]

Coal mining:Anthracite3

Bituminous3

Metalliferous miningQuarrying and nonmetallic miningCrude-petroleum producing.Public utilities:

Telephone and telegraph 4 .Electric light and power and manufactured

gas4 . . .Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and

maintenance *Trade:

Wholesale *RetaiH

General merchandising *Other than general merchandising *

Hotels (year-round)'a *sLaundries 3. . __Dyeing and cleaning 3Brokerage *Insurance *...Building construction

45.079.760.447.567.5

75.4

93. 2

69.7

87.983.691.781.590. 2

100.0100. 6

-12.1+ 1.8- 2 . 0+. 3+.7

+.1+1. 0

- . 3

- . 2- 3 . 2- 5 . 8- 2 . 4- 2 . 8+1.3-3.2- 1 . 0+.8

+4. 5

+0.9+ 1.5

+21.0+7.7

-G.7

+.7+1.1- . 6

+1.3+3.1+4.4+2.7

- . 5+2.2-1.9-7 .2+.1.2+ 8.9

25. 364.047.840. 862.4

94.6

100.1

70.8

75.970. 983.808. 279. 287.977.1(*)

er)

- 3 0 . 0- 2 . 8

- 1 1 . 2- 2 . 1- . 1

+1.1- . 1

- . 6

+ ()- 2 . 3- 4 .9-1 .6- 3 . 5+1.1-8 .4- 2 . 2+.2

+4. 0

+25.1+13. 8+25. 7+10.4-6. 5

+4.2

+1.8

+2.6

+3.1+4.1+4.2+3. 9+2.3+0. 0- . 0

-0.4+ 1.5

+ 14.3

$1.8. 6522.1125.1121.0033. 29

31.06

33.64

33.15

29.9721.5818.2521.1615. 0517.9219. 9235. 5231. 3830. 85

- 2 0 . 4- 4 . 5- 9 . 4- 2 . 5

+.9— 1.2

- . 3

+.3+1.0+.9+.8- . 7- . 2

- 5 . 4- . 6- . 6

+23. 9+12.1+3.3+2.5+.2

+3.4

+.8

+3.1

+1.8+1.0- . 2

+1.2+2.8+3.7+1.3+.9+.3

+4.4

20.124.330. 439. 238.0

39.4

45.9

41.442.638. 543. 940.843. 342.1

(33.0

- 2 0 . 9- 4 . 7- 8 . 9- 3 . 2- 2 . 2

+.8- 3 . 9

- . 9

- 1 . 8- . 1

- 1 . 7+.2+.4

- ( ' )-3.2(°)(G)+.6

+30. 5+12. 0

- 2 i l-4 .4

+2.3

- 1 . 8

+3.1

- 1 . 1—. 5- . 8—.4

+ L2- . 1

+.4

Cents93.190. 369.455. 288.3

81.5

86.9

71.4

72.555.749. 9

41.94S.5(('••>)

92.0

+0+—

+1

++2

++1

17556

1

5

5

9+1.0+2 4+.6

- 1—

- I .

(«)

510

6

+1.5

+4^2+5.0+4.2

+.4

+2.6

+.2

+3.7+1.1+.1

+ 1.4+1.7+ 1.9+.2

(6)(6)+4.4

* Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting estab-lishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data suppliedby a smaller number of establishments, as not all reporting firms furnivsh man-hours.The figures are not strictly comparable from month to month because of changes in tliesize and composition of the reporting sample. Hours and earnings for manufacturingindustries now relate to S7 industries instead of 89 which were covered in the July andprior issues of the pamphlet. The two industries excluded are electric- and steam-rail*road repair shops. The averages for the durable-goods group have also been affected bythis exclusion.

1 Less than Mo of 1 percent.3 Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented

in January 1938 issue of this pamphlet.* Averago weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable with

fiiniros published in pamphlets prior ro January H'38 as they now exclude ec rporaticnofficers, executives, and other employees whose duties are nainly supervisory.

s Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be com-puted.

• Not available.


TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries

MANUFACTURING

[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 1938.Comparable series available upon request]

Industry

All manufacturingDurable goodsNondurable goods

Durable goods

Iron and steel and their products, not includingmachinery

Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills..Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivetsCast-iron pipeCutlery (not including silver and plated cut-

lery) and edge toolsForgings, iron and steel _HardwarePlumbers' suppliesStamped and enameled wareSteam and hot-water heating apparatus and

steam fittingsStovesStructural and ornamental metahvorkTin cans and other tinwareTools (not including edge tools, machine tools,

files, and saws) _.Wirework

Machinery, not including transjmtation equipment.Agricultural implements (including tractors)..Cash registers, adding machines, and calcu-

lating machinesElectrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.Engines, turbines, water wheels, and wind-

millsFoundry and machine-shop productsMachine toolsRadios and phonographs _

Employment index

July1939

90.582.198.5

86.791.987.969.3

79.848.065.675.6

131.4

80.769.595.3

79.9132.395.7

108.1

129. 386.1

85.2139.4117.3

June1939

90.683.997.0

87.592.383.267.8

83.448.068.574.8

134.7

69.182.767.893.0

84.0144.295.6

113.6

130.485.8

85.1137. 0108.5

M a y1939

90.183.396.7

87.391.389.067.9

80.248.476.173.9

132. 8

82.467.289.1

84.1154. 791.9

117.5

129.585.9

98.084.6

133. 695.4

Pay-roll index

July1939

76.692.1

76.779.675.361.8

68.444.963.365.5

123.4

56.166.360.8

101.3

74.0136.594.9

114.6

122.087.4

113.380.2

153.3103.5

June1939

85.981.491.0

80.783.481.961.8

77.745.771.467.7

131.4

58.970.360.6

101.6

81.4152.298.4

118.9

123.5S8.0

117.582.4

153.295.2

M a y1939

84.479.583.9

78.479.981.863.6

72.046.575.167.2

128.2

56.768.959.195.8

80.9153.394.9

126.0

121.487.0

117.2SO. 4

149.384.1

Average weeklyearningsi

July1939

$23. 7028.4021.27

25.8127.1221.7921.28

21.5927. 4323. 3824.7022.68

24.2324. 2627.5623.12

22.8824. 7227.5529.20

30. 5228.05

30.3626.9531.2321.71

June1939

$24.2527.3821.34

23.3023. 5921.73

23. 5627.9525.2125. 5623. 44

25. 6625. 2023.1323.82

24.0525.2327.9728. 85

30. 6228.42

30. 5727.7131.7821.63

M a y1939

$23. 9026.9221.11

26.1727.4023. 4622.32

22. 6523.1723.8725. 8123.19

24.9224.7727.7123.66

23. 8323. 9127.8629. 53

30.2928.11

30.9527. 2331.7021.73

Average hours workedper week i

July1939

36.636.137.0

34.232.131.836.6

37.638. 237.436. 836.4

35.137.137.938.1

36.836.238.037.4

37.5?7.8

39.237.641.8 !

37.7

June1939

37.237.437.1

35.633.634.037.2

38.836.533. 533.137.3

36.937.939.139.4

39.037.633.637.1

37.638.3

39.238.742.437.2

M a y3939

36.736.736.7

34.932.833.73S.2

38.136. 736.738.237.1

35.737.333.238.9

33.835.933.337.7

37.337.8

39.533.342.4

Average hourlyearnings l

July1939

Cents61.371.853.1

76.084.963. 557. 8

61.275.862.567.362.8

69.165.672.860.5

62.363.472.473.5

81.874. 3

77.971.674. 857. G

June1939

Cents64.872.458.2

75.784.269.558.0

61.476. 665. 567.162.5

69.663.672.160.4

61.867.372.573.0

82.174.4

78.271.675.053-3

M a y1939

Cents64.972.458.4

75.383.569. 653.1

60.477.065.167.662.4

66.572.760.9

61.566.872.5

82.074. 4

78.771.074.953.9


Textile machinery and partsTypewriters and parts

Transportation equipmentAircraftAutomobiles. __Cars, electric- and steam-railroadLocomotivesShipbuilding

Nonferrous metals and their products.Aluminum manufacturesBrass, bronze, and copper productsClocks and watches and time-recording

devicesJewelryLighting equipmentSilverware and plated wareSmelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.

lumber and allied productsFurnitureLumber:

MillworkSawmills

Stone, clay, and glass productsBrick, tile, and terra cottaCement .GlassMarble, granite, slate, and other productsPottery

Nondurable goodsTextiles and their products

FabricsCarpets and rugsCotton goods...Cotton small waresDyeing and finishing textiles .Hats, fur-felt ...Knit goods

HosieryKnitted outerwear..Knitted underwearKnitted cloth

Silk and rayon goodsWoolen and worsted goods

Wearing apparelClothing, men'sClothing, women'sCorsets and allied garments...Men's furnishingsMillineryShirts and collars

74.9119.778.2

1. 377. 875.429.429.8

120.391.9

160.2

79.891.175.4CO. 570.567.280.0

57.354. 573.957.372.090. 548.070.1

95.089.279.3So. 781.5

109.1

113.1141.977.373.5

153.157. 781.4

10(5.4102.6138.4105.8125.747.7

114.0

73.1124.089.9

1. 283. 491.632.327.0

121. r>91.6

154.798.7

79.987.770.265.571.066.878.7

57.254. 474.557.171.293.045.979. 6

94.9S7.878.98-1.179.0

100. 479.8

J13. 0141.775. 574.8

152. 35G. 479.8

109.397.9

.151.9100. 6128.158.2

1 115.0

72.7126.090.3

1,183. 993.333.722.4

118.092,4

152. 299.1

82 280.181.266.271.365.377.0

53.953.772.753. 607.491.547. 580.7

96.188.379.985. 282.3

112.776. 6

114.1145. 473.074.3

144.158.775.0

11.2.296. 7

159. 7100.8127.370.2

118. 0

76.8114.975.9

1, 347. 272.026.226.3

127.886.1

152.2102.6

79.872.464.351.765. 258.864.9

46.446. 862.542.869. 587.430. 4G2.1

77.475. 564.672.475. 989.382.8

107. 6140. 769. 665. 6

126. 946.068.378.670.194.2

108. 5109.133.094.0

75.5111 383.2

1, 310. 688.631.824.4

132.486.7

161.299.0

79.873.007.058.'566.460.464.9

48.651.966.946.269. 796.036. f>69.2

77.674.564.770.873.088. 674.7

109.4144.068. 668.1

123.045.566. 780.971.7

103.1.190.1

i 113.440.0

100.9

71.8128.587.6

1,165. 288.033.519.6

127.686.8

156.899.4

81.869.370. 959. 866.658.263.1

45.050. 364.140.464.091.740.473.1

77.874.264.872.274.891. 36 k 3

109. 3146. 666. 765. 6

110.846. 560.982.106. 6

110.4111.8104.952.5

102.2

26.6323.0530.9529.4531.4224. 3628. 3831.7125. 4124.2028.31

21. 3422.3124.6623. 4126.0519.6119. 30

21.4119. 2622.6119. 5826. 8423.2725. 8320. 30

16.4716. 2321. 6113. 8317.7819.7824. 5316. 9017. 6316. 7614.9018.3415.1519.4217.1619.1117.7116. 7013.2218.0612.38

26.7022.1331.7331.1731.9426. 9429.0132. 5325.5220. 6527.32

21.3023.1224.7924. 5320. 3420.9619. 91

22. 4521.2623. 9421. 2527.3124. 8626. 7621. 59

16.4916.1821.7713. 6917.7520.2923. 2417. 1717.9516. 9615.1317.8715. 3819. 3217.4619.0418.0617. 0913.8318.4313.33

25. 6524.4931.0430.0431.1827. 2128.1532.2925. 3826.3127.18

21.0322. 4624. 6324. 8026.2920.7319. 86

21.9921.0023.4719. 9126. 5024.1528. 6322. 46

16.3516.0121. 5313. 7817. 3120. 2921.3316. 9317.7516.9814. 7417.0715.1918.7717. 4318.0419.0317. 5712.8819.9913. 40

40.536.035.140.634.032.837.237.637.836.039. 7

36.337.635.837.037.533.837.2

39.735.935.336. 638. 032. 535.735.8

35.235. 933. 930.138.537. 634. 434. 933.736.937. 139.235. 336.833.733.534.137.134.430.432. 5

40.534.536.342.034.336. 537.738.538.239.138. S

36.438.835.63*. 538.139.138.0

41.439. 237.239. 539. 035. 037.536.2

35.435. 931.335. 837.937. 433. 435. 334. 336.737. 538. 335.436.734.633.835. 638.035. 728.8

i 34.2

38.737.134.941.233.536.736.638.937.738.738.5

35.637.335.139.33?.O38.637.5

41.038.636.437. 438.03-1. 239.536. 6

34.835. 533.835. 737.637. 630.934. 934.137.036.236.035.135. 733.631.934.738.933.831.1

• 34.3

65.8 164.088.472.492.674.276.3 !83.267.167.071.7

58.758. 368.964.069. 553.752.4

54.054. 36 1 653.170.671.572. 961.7

47.145.803. 738. 347.152. 472.349. 552.845. 340.246.142.553.049.555.548.644.837.459.838.3

66.164.089.373.693.373.877.083.287.068.070.7

58.559.169.76 1 069.15 1 352.7

51 355.26 1 753. 870.071. 171.863.1

47.245.863. 638.347.453. 770.949.152.046.140. 545.843.052. 649.856.847.845.137.703. 039. 4

GO. 466.089. 573.793.174.077.082.167.268.170.8

59.159.970.163.769.25 1 353.0

53.855. 264.653. 469.870.672.762.3

47.745. 963.738. 646.753. 570.049.452. 446.140.746.142.952.651.057.450.145.336.764.039. 5

CO



TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufactwing Industries—ContinuedMANUFACTURING-Continued

[Indexes are based on 3-ycar average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 1938.Comparable series available upon request]

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued

Leather and its manufacturesBoots and shoesLeather

Food and kindred productsBakingBeveragesButterCanning and preservingConfectioneryFlour... .IcecreamSlaughtering and meat packingSugar, beetSugar refining, cane

Tobacco manufacturesChewing and smoking tobacco and snuffCigars and cigarettes.

Paper and printing.Boxes, paper...Paper and pulp.Printing and publishing:

Book and jobNewspapers and periodicals

Chemicals and allied products, and petroleumrefining

Petroleum refiningOther than petroleum rofinin^...

ChemicalsCottonseed—oil, cake, and meal___Druggists' preparationsExplosives _Fertilizers

Employment index

July1939

9.4084.3

129.6147.1207. 8108.0168.967.081.694.999.153.690.564.057.664.8

105. 2101.0105. 8

100. 2103.7

109.4120.6106.6115.142.9

104.687.465.5

June1939

83.48.77

83.5122.8146.7265.1107.2121.168.878.494.497.850.884.263.859.264.4

104.799.5

106.1

97.5105. 6

102.7119.3106. 2111. 547.2

107.085.970. 4

May1939

87.086.482.0

116.8145.4246.4101.492.970.677.087.195.448.381.062.859. 563.2

106.0100.1106.7

99.8106. 8

111. 5117.0110.1114. 5G4.9

100.882.0

110.4

Pay-roll index

July1939

June1939

I

77.874.384.1

130.4146.2334. 291. 3

142.263.683.581.9 j

112.449.077.859.767.958.6

100.8104. 5101.1

90.7103.4

118.7131.4114.8 ,128.4 |

37. 5 I118.2 !98 1 j63.2 i

69.863.984.6

125.6145.1330.892.7

102.068.477.280.0

109. 855.074.55S.965.758.0

102.2105.5104.4

88.7107.0

119.5134.3115. 0129.110.9

119.096 3 i64.7 i

May1939

64.257.981.0

120. 9143.4301.387.085.669.675.075.2

107.752.270.255.865.654.5

103. 9104.2105.5

90.9109.2

120. 4132.111G.8128.952.0

118.591.2

105.2

Average weekly

July1939

June

19.7018.7423.8724.6126.0534.9322.9615.4917.6626. 2829.0328.5423. 5623. 1517. 4.818.5217.2627.5721.1923.40

30.1630. 78

28.9933. 9126.7130. 7413. 5523.9230.9717.65

18.6517. 2824.3025.1325.9631 7822.6315.5418.5225.4028.4228.2527.8923.8717.1917.2517.1728.1021.7524.13

30. 2837. 28

29. 3734.9926. 7931.0713. 3724.9530.9216.79

May1939

17.4315.9323.7825.4825.9133.9222.5317.0118.3325.2929.0?28.3927.7123.3618.6017.2616.4528.2221.2824. 25

30.3137.62

28.8135.102s>. 1131.0012. 3924. 8530.6817.61

Average hours workedper week i

July1939

37.53.77

37.840.142.140.748.034.634.043.347.541.631.936.137.035.337.237.538.938.0

38.335.5

37.934.739.139.341.140.538.436.4

June1939

May1939

35.134.538.740.542.240.847.734.236. 642.047.140.941.137.036.633.836.938.139.839.0

38.136.0

38.536.139.540.042.239.838.435.4

32.831.837.943. 742.240.046.734.936.742.047.141.240.536.635.333.835.538.239.139.4

38.536.3

38.436. 339.139.040.539. 338.338.5

Average hourlyearnings J

July1939

Cents52. 14.. 863.061.562.486.84S.044.551.960.460.4 |68.7 ;75.7 I64.147.652.447.077.054.861. 6

80.2100.1

77.098. 568.5 j78.331.3 |59.5 !80.7 !48.5 |

June1939

Cents52.750.563.082.261.885.547.346.450.560.359. 969. 1 i70.0 !

64.5 i47.4 !

51. 047.077.055.161.8

80.999.9

76.297.2 i08. 077. 7 |30. 5 i59. 2 |80.6 I47.5 i

May1939

Cents52.050.462.963.261.785. 848.350.050.060.061.568.970.963.847.251.146.777.255.061.6

80.2100.1

74.997.000. 877.630.059.780.045.8


Paints and varnishesRayon and allied productsSoap

Rubber productsRubber boots and shoesRubber tires and inner tubesRubber goods, other

117.2309-892.078.846.767. 2

128.0

119.3298.589.480.25«.O66.7

127. 5

118.4308. 587.781.461.067.2

128.7

121.7309.495.283.344.179.1

123.1

126.4297.093. 584.257. 576.8

121. 3

127. 3298.390.382.156.873.5

124.2

28.1424.4729.4228.2221.6133.8422.47

28.6224.3829.7427.8822. 6933.0622.77

29.1223.7029 2326.7821.3531.4022. 65

40.038.339.636.435.735. 037.6

41.137.940.036.537.334.938.1

41.536.639.036.735.833.238.1

70.463.974.477.360.595.060.4

69.764.374.076.560.894.760.3

70.104.775.174.259. 794.400.1

NONMANUFACTURING

llndcxes are based on 12-month average, 1929 = 100]

Coal mining:Anthracite2

Bituminous 2_.Metalliferous miningQuarrying and nonmetallic miningCrude-petroleum producingPublic utilities:

Telephone and telegraph 3 .Electric light and power and manufactured

gas3

Electric-railroad and motorbus operation andmaintenance 3

Trade:Wholesale 3

Retain . .General merchandising3

Other than general merchandising 3

Hotels (year-round) 23 *Laundries 2

Dyeing and cleaning 2

Brokerage 3 5Insurance 3 5

Building construction *

45.079.700. 447. 507. 5

75.4

93.2

09.7

87.983.691.781.590.2

100.0106. 6—1. 0+.8.0

51.278.301.047.367.0

75. 3

92.3

09.9

88.180.497.483.592.898.7

110.1—2. 0+.4

+1.4

52.047.901.945.606.1

74.7

91.0

69.0

87.285.796.882.893.995.5

107.0— 1.4+.3

+6.7

25.364.647.840.862.4

94.0

100.1

70.8

75.970.983.808.279.287.977.1

—2.2+.2

+4.6

30. 100. 553.841.702. 5

93.7

100. 2

71.2

75.872.588.109. 382.080. 984. 2

—2. 4+.5

57.020.454.139.701.2

93.7

98.8

70.1

74. 971. 580. 708.382.483.983.0

— 1.1+.0+11.9

$18.6522.1125.1121.0033. 29

31.00

33.64

33.15

29.9721.5818.2524.1615.0517.9219.9235. 5234.3830.85

$23. 3022. 7527. 2022.1534. 38

30.79

33.89

33.21

29.9021.3618.0524.0015.3017.9521.0035. 7136.7530.87

$35. 8411.3227.5021.7434.04

31.05

33.82

32.89

29. 7221.1917.9023.8615.2218.0721.1236.0836.8231.40

20.124. 336.439.238.0

39.4

38.0

45.9

41.442.638.543.946.843.342.1(6 )

33.6

25.425.239.440.138.8

39.1

40.2

46.2

42.042.739.243.846.843.243.4

33.4

38 814! 140.040.038.8

39.2

40.1

45.6

42.142.438.943.546.643.043.9

33.5

Cents93 190^309.455. 288.3

81.5

86.9

71.4

72.555. 749.957.531.941.948.5

(6)92.0

Cents92. 888.669.554.980.7

81.4

84.4

71.1

71.555.148.757.132.641. 949.1

(°)92.8

Cents91.886.069.154.586.1

81.8

84.6

71.2

71.155.048.856.932.442.449.1

94.1

1 Average weekly earnings are corr. puted from figures furnished by all reporting estab-lishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are coir puted from data suppliedby a smaller number of establishments, as not all reporting firms furnish man-hours.The figures are not strictly comparable from n:onth to month because of changes in thesize and composition of the reporting sample. Houis and earnings for all manufacturingindustries now relate to 87 industries instead of 89 which were covered in the July andprior issues of the pamphlet. The 2 industries excluded are electric- and steam-railroadrepair shops. The averages for the durable-goods group have also been affected by thisexclusion.

2 Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presentedin January 1938 issue of this publication.

3 Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable withfigures published in pamphlets prior to January 1938 as they now exclude corporationofficers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.

* Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be com-puted.

8 Indexes of employment and pay rolls are not available, percentage changes from pre-ceding month substituted.

6 Not available.


16

INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS, JULY 1938

THROUGH JULY 1939

Indexes of employment and pay rolls are given in table 5 for allmanufacturing industries combined, for the durable- and nondurable-goods groups of manufacturing industries, and for each of 13 non-manufacturing industries, including 2 subgroups under retail trade, bymonths, from July 1938 to July 1939, inclusive. The accompanyingchart indicates the trend of factory employment and pay rolls fromJanuary 1919 to July 1939.

The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are based on the3-year average 1923-25 as 100. They relate to wage earners onry andare computed from reports supplied by representative manufacturingestablishments in 87 manufacturing industries. These reports covermore than 55 percent of the total wage earners in all manufacturingindustries of the country and more than 65 percent of the wage earnersin the 87 industries included in the monthly survey of the Bureau ofLabor Statistics.

The indexes for the nonmanufacturing industries are based on the12-month average for 1929 as 100. Figures for mining, laundries, anddyeing and cleaning cover wage earners only, but the figures for publicutilities, trade, and hotels relate to all employees except corporationofficers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainlysupervisory. For crude-petroleum production they cover wage earn-ers and the clerical field force. The coverage of the reporting samplesfor the various nonmanufacturing industries ranges from approxi-mately 25 percent for wholesale trade and dyeing and cleaning to ap-proximately 80 percent for quarrying and nonmetallic mining, anthra-cite mining, and public utilities.

Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries arebased on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay rollsfor the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month*


17

TABLE 5.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Manufacturing 1 and Non-

manufacturing 2 Industries, July 1938 to July 1939, Inclusive

Employment

IndustryAv.1938 I

1938

i J u l y Aug. Sept J Oct. :Nov. Dec.i : i i

Manufacturing

All industries. .Durable goods 3

Nondurable goods i

Nonmanufacturing

Anthracite miningBituminous-coal mining._Metalliferous miningQuarrying and nonmetallic

mining^Crude-petroleum produc-

iugTelephone and telegraph..Electric light and power,

and manufactured gas.__Electric-railroad and mo-

torbus operation andmaintenance.

Wholesale tradeRetail trade

General merchandis-ing

Other than generalmerchandising

Year-round hotels. 1LaundriesDyeing and cleaning-

Manufacturing

All industries _-Durable goods'__ —Nondurable, goods 4..-.

No n manufacturing

Anthracite miningBituminous-coal mining...Metalliferous miningQuarrying and noi.metal-

lic miningCrude-petroleum produc-

ingTelephone ind telegraph...Electric light ftnd power,

and manufactured gas.-Electric-railroad and mo-

torbus operation andmaintenance. _

Wholesale tradeRetail trade

General merchandis-ing

Other than generalmerchandising

Year-round hotelsLaundriesDyeing and cleaning

80. 8 i 81.977.3; 70.396.0| 92.9

I !85.7 88.8' 80.5 90.5 91.271.7! 75.3: 79.0! 82.1! 83.199.0 101. 71 99. 4i 98.41 93.8

52.3 44.0 37.0- 40.4 52.4 51.0 51.386.7, 78. o1 80.11 83.4 ! 87. 2 88.6 89.359.0 49.71 51.11 55.2- 57.9: 61.91 02.3

i . I . I - i - ! J72.11 72. 3 72.4 71.5 G0.5.! 68. 3! 07.875.11 74. 9j 74. S[ 74.0; 74.7, 74.4- 74.3

92.3| 92.3; 92.7; 92.5; 92. 0! 91. o! 91.4

70.31 70.1 69.5 09.3] 09.9 69.5' 09.488.8, 86.8: 87.0, 88.5 89. li 89.8, 90.085.2,1 81.1! 80.0; 84.7- 85.9 80.9.' 98.1

98.01 87.9! 80. i 97.0 99.4 104.5 144.1I ! I ' i !

81.8 79.3: 78.3j 81.5 82.3 «2. 3 80.092.7 90.7 : 90.4 91.8 92.9 92.5 92.095.7, 97. S' 97.5i 96.5 94.4 93.7 93.4

104. 3 108.6 105.0 107.8 106. >> 102. 5, 97. 9: i I , ! I

1939

Jan. Feb. Mar.1 Apr. May; June July

89.51 90. 7j 91.481. O1, 82.6 83.597. 1 98. 4 98. 9

50. 088.762.6

38.3

91.1 90.11

84.11 83.3,97.8- 90.71

90. 0: 90.583.9, 82.197.0 9S.5

i I52.2' 51. 7 i 53.0! 52. 01' 51.2 45.088.0 87.4 : 25.9 47.91 78.3 79.760.9 01.0! 01. 5| 61.9' 61. Gj 60.4

37. 9" 40.11 43.0; 45.6, 47.3' 47.5i I I

67.0 P6.4 60.2' 05.8 f>6.11 67.0! 67.574. li 73.3 73.4. 74. lj 74.7] 75. 3j 75.4

90.0 89.6! 89.5 90.3| 91.0' 92. 3i 93.2' i i

69.2, 09.'V 69.5 60.11 09. 6 69.9! 69.788.?I 87. 9." 87.4; 87. 3j 87.2' 88. l! 87.982.2, 81.5, 83. S 85.5 85.7, «6.4, 83.6

90.71 88.8 93.2j 96. 9J 96.8. 97.4 91.7

80.01 79.0 81.3: 82. 51 82.8' 83. 51 81.591.8 92.0. 92.7 93.2 93.9 92.8 90.293.3 : 92.8 92.9 93.5 95.5 98.7 100.091. 2, 92. 1 95. 4 102. 2 107.0110.1 106. 6

Pay rolls

77.5 70.6 76.9 81.0 83.8 84.1 86.508.2 58.6 63.7: 08.7 75.2 78.3 : 80.488.0' 84.1; 91.7: 94.9 93.1 90.6 93.4

38. 2:67.950.4

20.256.338. 0:

20. 0'64.243. 7 i

i I29.4'71.9,46.1 '

35.11 37. o' 39.2 38. 4:

I60. 592. 6'

66.592.1 '

66.790.9"

•8.5"

09.7;74. T70.4'

60.8!91.3

I

43.4 30.2. 42.578.3 81.1 80.949.2 52. 3 ; 5J.1

39. 2 37.2, 33.7

63.7. 63. 3 : 62.595. n, 93.0, 92.5

(8.9, 93.4 99.9 98.6 98.2

69.073.668.11

69.573. 7166. 8

!

08. 41

74.369. 4i

87.8 80.4 • 78.8 85.3

OS. 9 e8.8 : 69.775. V 75.4 75.770.8 71.5! 79.2

88.3: 91.8 122.9

60.8 65. G1 64.3 06.11 67.2 67.3 70.180.3 77.4 77.4. 78.9! 80.8 81.3 81.180.6 83.0 83 1 81.41 79.5 79.3 80.075.3 77.5 74.3 81.7, 78.0 73.9 68.3

I I i I i

83.4' 85.5 80.9! 84.9! 84.4 ! 85.9, 83.976.6 78. 51 80.1 80. 2: 79. 5! 81. 4 70.691.0, 93.3 94 0 90.2 89,9' 91.0 92.1

38.0, 45.2, 34.2, 43.4; 57.0 30.11 25.378.2 81.2 77.8 17.0' 20.4 06.51 64.65r;.3; 53. 4j 53. 6j 52. C 54. l | 53. 8 : 47.8

30.2: 29.7; 33. lj 35.9, 39.7! 41. 71 40.8, | I I i !

60.9 62.7. 61.3 60.8. 61.2 62. 5;i 02.492.0. 91.7( 91.9, 92.1! 93.7

95. 9' 9G. 4' 90. 7! 90.9 98. 8 100. 2,100.1

| I |

i3.7, 94.0

09. 91 70.5" 09. 6' 70. l! 71.2 70.874.0' 74.7 i 74.8 74.9, 75.8 75.9

, 6S.4, 69.6, 71.3, 71.5 72.5: 70.9! ! i i i

84.0, 81.0 83.41 86.6, 86. 71 88.1. S3. 8I ! i j i

65.8 s 06.8, 08.1 68.3" 69.3' 63.282.8 81.1 81.9- 82.4. 82.0 79.278.6; 79.3 79.9 83.9 86.9 87.96?. 2 67.7. 73.3 83.0, 81.2 77.1

i ! '

71.175.569.7,

I00.780.279.665.8,

j i>r earlier

. „ _ _omparable indexes are in November 1934 and subsequent issues ofEmployment and Pay Rolls, or in February 1035 and subsequent issues of Monthly Labor Review, exceptfor anthracite and bituminous-coal mining, year-round hotels, laundries, and dyeing and cleaning. Indexesfor these industries from January 1929 foiward have been adjusted to the 1935 census and are presented inthe January 1938 and subsequent issues of Employment and Pay Rolls.

3 Includes: Iron and steel, machinery, transportation equipment, nonferrous metals, lumber and alliedproducts, and stone, clay, and glass product?.

4 Includes: Textiles and their products, leather and its manufactures, food and kindred products, tobaccomanufactures, paper and printing, chemicals and allied products, products of petroleum and coal, rubberproducts, and a number of miscellineous industries not included ia other groups.


INDEX

120

100

80

6 0

4 0

4vv

* u 1919 1920 1921 1922

UNITED STATES BUREAU OF LABOR

E M P L O Y M E N T A N D PAY ROLLSALL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

1923-25=100

PAY

fROLLS

\ \

E

VV

MPL

f

OYMENTi

ffcf

f 1

f]1

1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937

STATISTICS

INDEX

120

100

80

60

Af\4 0

1938 1939 1940 fcV

oo


19

TREND OF INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT, BY STATES

A comparison of employment and pay rolls, by States and geographicdivisions, in June and July 1939 is shown in table 6 for all groupscombined and for all manufacturing industries combined based ondata supplied by reporting establishments. The percentage changesshown, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted—that is, the industriesincluded in the manufacturing group and in the grand total havenot been weighted according to their relative importance.

The totals for all manufacturing industries combined includedfigures for miscellaneous manufacturing industries in addition to the87 manufacturing industries presented in table 3. The totals for allgroups combined include all manufacturing industries, each of thenonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3 (except buildingconstruction), and seasonal hotels.

Similar comparisons showing only percentage changes are availablein mimeographed form for "All groups combined/7 for "All manu-facturing/J for anthracite mining, bituminous-coal mining, metallif-erous mining, quarrying and nonmetallic mining, crude-petroleumproducing, public utilities, wholesale trade, retail trade, hotels,laundries, dyeing and cleaning, and brokerage and insurance.

TABLE 6.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments inJuly 1939, by Geographic Divisions and by States

Figures in italics arc not compiled by the Bureau of Labnr Statistics, but are taken from reports issued bycooperating State organizations]

Geographic divi-sion and State

New EnglandMaine.New Hampshire.VermontMassachusetts.. _Rhode IslandConnecticut

Middle AtlanticNew YorkNew JerseyPennsylvania

East North Central. _OhioIndianaIllinois....MichiganWisconsin

Total—all groups

Per-cent-age

changefromJune1939

Per-cent-age

changefromJune1939

Xum-ber ofestab-lish-

ments

Num-ber on

pay rollJuly1939

Amountof payroll (1week)

July 1939

changfromJune1939

Dollars+0. 2 19, 779,042+2.0 1,134,09;-)

Dollars,C3*,208932, 243091,769243, 638

5,980, 8191, 524,8593, 664,880

620453

i 7, 810.849

2,343

30, 377 1,18,»393,8787, 660

24,7826,8412, 870

3,823' 4,899

852, 70557,04739,73417,356

464,80088, 660185, 608

L, 993, 662873, 937349,206770, 519

1, 983, 224500,159250,850592,225401,780238, 210

+2.4+1.9+1.0+•2

- 3 . 1

11,100,1791,873,3094, 455, 833

- 1 . 2 51,741,!- 1 . 6 24,181,536- 1 . l! 9,017,579

- . 7 18, 542, 874

- 2 . 6 52,679,152- 1 . 1 13,006,079-1.8 6,231, 486\-.l\15,626,610\

- 9 . 8111, 894, 5581+. { 5,920, 419\

+0.8+5.0+5. 0+2.0+1.9+.3

- 2 . 9

- 2 . 4- 1 . 3- 1 . 6- 4 . 3

- 4 . 6- 3 . 8-4.3-.5

-10.9-3.1

Manufacturing

6, 669 12 2,671

1, 638

8, 394 1,2,3931,0782,421l,0!{2

»1,460

., 204, 632426,031286,912491,689

., 389, 205386, 732199,879391,701247,972

+.130,579,604- . 8 11,543,293

- 1 . 3 7,300,7843 +1. 5lll, 735, 527

-2.5139,300,603- . 8 10, 239, 432

3 -l.l\ 5,078,615+.2\W,259,634

-11. 4\ 9,706,857162,921 ] z+2.3\ 4,016,065

- 1 . 4-.2

- 1 . 91-2.6

- 8 . 5- 4 . 1

*-4.6-1.0

-15.23-3.3



20

TABLE 6.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments inJuly 1939, by Geographic Divisions and by States—Continued

Geographic divi-sion and State

West North Central.MinnesotaIowaMissouriNorth Dakota.-.South DakotaNebraskaKansas.. _.

South AtlanticDelawareMarylandDistrict of Co-

lumbiaVirginiaWest Virginia....North Carolina..South Carolina-..GeorgiaFlorida

East South Central..Kentucky. _TennesseeAlabama..Mississippi

West South Central.ArkansasLouisianaOklahomaTexas _„.

MountainMontanaIdahoWyomingColoradoNew MexicoArizonaUtahNevada _.

PacificWashingtonOregon...California

Total—all groups

Num-ber ofestab-lish-

ments

11,7517 2, 802

1,9242,610

482434

1,0608 2,439

10,413240

1,690

1,0081,922

9951,546

7771,380

955

4,2401,2421,1631,373

462

5,725"860

9481,287

3,789554480299

1,111279362543161

10, 3812,4611,209

2 6, 711

Num-ber on

pay rollJuly1939

Per-cent-age

changefromJune1939

429,49G130,31159, 290

147,9574,4427,771

25, 6825/h 037

816, 92015,142

188,448

35, 566109,942119,654155,73190,576

112,83839, 023

277,13875,13097, 29286, 76117, 955

216, 78327, C'51,61636, 630

101, 443

113,66814, 81.410, 5317,834

36,6205,864

13, 37022,118

2,517

+0.+1.9"+'8- 2 . 1+.9- . 1

+.1- . 2

-2.6+.7- . 2

+1.5- . 2

- ( 1 0 )

-4.6

+1.2+1.2+.4

+1.8+3.0

- .4+1.6—. 7+.7

-1.1

+2.9- . 1

+4.9+.3

+2.8-2.7-3.6

+12.3- .4

6 10,

I Per-Amount I cent-of pay ageroll (1 change

fromJune

o (week)

July 1939

Dollarsi, 465, 417

3,453, 4151, 383, 3793,451,729

109,149211,564585, 901

/, 270,280

15, 736, 405364, 022

3,454,671

959,4342, 052, 4742,822,9162. 324, 3371, 278,8971,770,180

709, 474

4, 985, 8871, 568, 3901,679, 5831, 482, 780

255,134

4, 765, 764446,445

1.010,69z904, 732

2,397, 895

2.711,618381, 604251, 288204,518877, 879119,337342, 206463, 382

71, 404

- 0 . 6-.2

- 4 . 2- . 3

- 2 . 8+3.7+.230

- . 9- 3 . 4+.8

-2.7

481,511 +2.8 13,236,832|88,340; — 1.2j 2.305.0621

45,978; —.9 1,121,604347,193' +4.4 9,810,166

+ ()-4.9+2.0

- . 4- . 4

- 2 . 0

+.1- 1 .

—. 6+2.4+2.5

-1.3+3.6- 1 . 4

- . 3-2.5

- 2 . 8- 4 . 3- 1 . 6- 5 . 0- 1 .+1.3-9.0+1.5-3.2

-2.0-6.7-6.3

o

Manufacturing

1

Num-ber ofestab-lish-

ments

2,440643365784

2732

137452

2,91680

647

3945421365424'390192

1,02'28836228691

1,293264231137661

556726237

1923138

108|16

2,670527j292!

1,851\

Num-ber on

pay rollJuly1939

change I roll (1

215,19854, 96735, 65188, 375

4632, 5399. 000

24,203

569. 50210, 64098,295

3,09276, 78744, 997

142, 46583,1.5889, 43920, 629

184,29035, 73473, 22762, 69512, 634

107, 54218,44028,11610. 37460, 612

37, 2244,7903,7271, 350

14, 898870

2, 746 j8,503

340l

Per-cent- Amount,age , orpay

from week)June Julv 19391939

Per-cent-age

changefromJune1939

Dollars+1.7! 5,186,737+4.2\ 1,397, ~-2.0j+2.0

0+2.8+ 1.4+.9+.6+.5

3 +••"0

+1.6-2.5

840,9992,013,519

11, 62268,869

228.635625, 755

9,991,648245,922

2,437,269

104, 7981, 377,496

994,980+1.81 2,090,519

- . 2 ! 1,138,941+ . 1| 1,268,728

- 3 . 2 332,995

+1.6

+1.4+1.8+3.3+.1

+3.4

+3.'93 -.5

+9.9+2.7

+16.5-2.6+4.8

- 1 6 . 1- 2 . 1

+36. 2i+5.3

255,42751, 824!29, 407

174,196.

3,148, 591724, 617

1, 238, 0591,020, 640

164,675

2, 266,187297,185518,161255, 678

/, 195,163

874,085122,01888, 26840, 481

369,88415,57062, 706

166. 3438,815

+5.3 6,575,762- . 6 . 1,298,239

-2.4l 682,115+8.7\ 4,595,4081

-0.6+.1

-6.7+.5- . 5

+2.7+.9

+2.3

-4.63 - . /

-2.2+.9

-10.7+2.2

- . 5- . 5

- 1 . 3

+.9- . 6- . 2

+3.0+3.0

-1.8+5.8-2.5+2.0

42

+.2- . 7

+7.0-8.4-2.8

-15.7-6.3

+13.1-7.0

-4.2-11.0-10.4-1.1

1 Includes banks and trust companies; construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment;amusement and recreation; professional services; and trucking and handling.

»Includes laundering and cleaning; and water, light, and power.* Weighted percentage change.* Includes automobile and miscellaneous services; restaurants; and building and contracting.«Includes construction but not public works.« Does not include logging.r Includes banks; real estate; pipe-line transportation; motor transportation (other than operation and

maintenance); water transportation; hospitals and clinics; and personal, business, mechanical repair, andmiscellaneous services.

«Includes financial institutions, miscellaneous services, and restaurants.* Weighted percentage change, including hired farm labor.10 Less than Ho of 1 percent.« Includes automobile dealers and garages; and sand, gravel, and building stone.»Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.


21

INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT IN PRINCIPAL METRO-POLITAN AREAS

A comparison of employment and pay rolls in June and July 1939is made in table 7 for 13 metropolitan areas each of which had apopulation of 500,000 or over in 1930. Cities within these areas,but having a population of 100,000 or over, are not included. Foot-notes to the table specify which cities are excluded. Data concern-ing them have been prepared in a supplementary tabulation whichis available on request. The figures represent reports from cooper-ating establishments and cover both full- and part-time workers inthe manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries presented intable 3, with the exception of building construction, and include alsomiscellaneous industries.

Revisions made in the figures after they have gone to press, chieflybecause of late reports by cooperating firms, are incorporated in thesupplementary tabulation mentioned above. This supplementarytabulation covers these 13 metropolitan areas as well as other metro-politan areas and cities having a population of 100,000 or more,according to the 1930 Census of Population.

TABLE 7.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments inJune and July 1939, by Principal Cities—Metropolitan Areas

Metropolitan areaNumber ofestablish-

ments,July 1939

Number onpay roll,July 1939

Percentagechange

from June1939

Amount ofpay roll

(1 week),July 1939

Percentagechange

from J une1939

New York iChicago 2

Philadelphia 3.Detroit..Los Angeles 4_.

Cleveland..St. Louis.._Baltimore..Boston fiPittsburgh.

San Francisco 6_.BuffaloMilwaukee

13, 5954, 2942. 0091,5732, 863

1,0041, 3(503,1412,8751, 055

1,513745

1,004

575,035413,758195. 385253, 407149, 414

104,892110,41.0104, 948105, 532101, 377

76, 54861, 52193, 001

-2.5-.5

,i

-io!o—. 7

-2.6+.7+1.7+1.4-1.8

+.0-1.4-2.2

$15,591,81611,577,1345,279,2188,100,3334, 331, 283

2,759,2122. 833, 3002, 035, 2514,115,9734, 220, 700

2,193,1971,000,4102, 535, 970

-2.4-.1-.1-9.3-1.4

-5.9-.9+1.3+1.3-6.3

-3.7-1.2-4.0

1 Do3s not include Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark, or Paterson, N. J., or Yonkers, N. Y.2 Does not include Gary, Ind.3 Does not include Camden, N. J.* Does not include Long Beach, Calif.8 Does not include Cambridge, Lynn, or Somerville, Mass.6 Does not include Oakland, Calif.

170258—39 4


22

Public Employment

Employment created by the Federal Government includes employ-ment in the regular agencies of the Government, employment on thevarious construction programs wholly or partially financed by Federalfunds, and employment on relief-work projects.

EXECUTIVE SERVICE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

Statistics of employment and pay rolls for the executive serviceof the Federal Government in June and July 1939 are given in table 8.

TABLE 8.—Employment and Pay Rolls for the Executive Service of the United StatesGovernment, July and June 1939 l

[Subject to revision]

Class

Entire service:Total.

Regular appropriation . _._ .P^mergency appropriationForce-account (regular and

emergency)

Inside the District of Columbia:Total

Regular appropriationEmergency appropriationForce-account (regular and

emergency)

Outside the District of Columbia:Total

Regular appropriation . . .Emergency appropriat ion. . . .Force-account (regular and

emergency) '_.

Employment

July

927,887

779,03960,643

88,205

123, 876

108. 9,r)19,120

5,805

804, 011

670,08851, 523

82, 400

June *

925,982

772,97966,717

86, 286

123,541

107, 73610, 131

5,674

802, 441

665, 24356, 586

80, 612

Percent-age

change

+0.2

+.8- 9 . 1

+2.2

+ . 3

+1.1-10.0

+2.3

+.2

+.7-8.9

+2.2

Pay rolls

July

$138, 953, 657

120, 703, 5758,073,910

10.176,172

21,982, 813

19, 729, 2971,407,079

846, 437

116,970,844

100, 974. 2786, 666, 831

9, 329, 735

June 2

$140,217,974

120, 620, 3808, 703, 644

10,893.950

22,179,112

19,610.2801, 598, 296

970,536

118,038,862

101,010.1007,105; 348

9, 923,414

Percent-age

change

-o.a+. 1

-7.2.

-6.6

- .9 '

+.6-12. a-12.8

- . 9

(3)-6.2

-6.0

* Data include number of employees receiving pay during the last pay period of the month.i Revised.' Less than Ho of 1 percent.

CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY THE PUBLIC WORKS

ADMINISTRATION

Details concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours workedduring July on construction projects financed by Public WorksAdministration funds are given in table 9, by type of project.


23

TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public WorksAdministration Funds, July 1939 1


Type of project

Wage earners

Maximumnumber

employed 2Weeklyaverage

Monthlypay-roll

disburse-ments

Xumber ofman-hours

workedduringmonth

Averageearningsper hour

Value ofmaterial

oidersplacedduringmonth

Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act funds

All projects _

Building constructionNaval vesselsPublic roads 4

ReclamationRiver, harbor, and flood control...Water and sewerageMiscellaneous

All projects

Airport construction (exclusive ofbuildings)

Building constructionElectrificationReclamationRiver, harbor, and flood control .Ship constructionStreets and roadsWat er and sewerageMiscellaneousProfessional, technical, and cler-

ical

All projects 6 . . .

Building construction •.Streets and roadsWater and sewerageMiscellaneous

All projects

Building constructionElectrificationHeavy engineeringReclamationStreets and roadsWater and sewerage..Miscellaneous


3 1, 254

8329

(5)337227209

1

1,148

7029

368298182200

1

$84, 247

9. 4853. 622

25, 20132, 798

7, 7585, 233

150

145,187

6, 9773.912

44. 96041,88314, 43132, 784

240

Federal projects financed from Public Worl<

33,152

64224, 662

8442, 209

8071, 255

433476915

909

Appropriation

28,843

60721, 283

7922, 012

6641,082

371429867

736

$3, 007, 595

49,0142, 295, 954

66, 582186, 99385. 76894,67534,17825.09966, 714

102,618

$0. 580

1. 359.926. 561.783. 538.160. 625

$211,571

2,9282,042

31,30092, 32928,81854,154

0

s Administration\c t 1938 funds

3,373,315

86, 9302, 428, 393

84,311256, 00994, 304

111,76243, 57935,15894, 721

138,148

$0.892

.564

.945

.790

.730

. 909

. S4.7

.784

.714

.704

.743

$3, 410,441

108, 3822, 704, 029

108, 329130,184127, 56755, 77667. 20640. 50659, 040

9, 422

Non-Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Actfunds

4, 416

3,084218556558

3383

2.278162447496

$569,152

475, 3677,618

56, 40729, 760

400, 289

281,93013,33941,2f;663,764

$1,422

1. 686.571

1.367. 467

Projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation

16, 396

6,377645

3 8021, 538

6123,422

0

13, 864

5,189542

3, 2741, 444

5142, 901

0

1936, and 1937 funds -

$1, 509, 437

555,87243. 542

382, 965138.10024.922

304, 0360

1,722,930

568, 22658.828

475.210207.84436, 346

376, 4760

$0.876

.978

.740

. 806

. 664

. 686

. 9670

$673,973

373, 96330.08053, 453

216, 477

Act 1935,

$5,912,846

932,399502, 360

2. 694, 35762, 92365, 504

476, 4741,178,829


24

TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public WorksAdministration Funds, July 1939—Continued

Type of project

Wage earners

Maximumnumber

employedWeeklyaverage

Monthlypay-roll

disburse-ments

Number ofrnan-hours

workedduring;month


Value ofmaterialordersplacedduringmonth

Non-Federal projects financed from Public Works AdministrationAppropriation Act 1938 funds

All projects. __ _

Building constructionElectrificationHeavy engineeringReclamationJUver, harbor, and flood control...Streets and roadsWater and sewerageMiscellaneous

218, 583

134, 5802,33710, 545

490708

39, 27430, 093

550

182, 022

111,5721,9229,187392012

32, 22125, 050

400

$17, 900, 923

11,045,473105,772

1,381,41035, 98800, 427

2,035,8352,540,130

35, 888

20,090,127

11, 804. 090210. 098

1,241,30755, 50484, 009

3, 801, 3543, 321, 979

51,120

$0.805

.931

.7051.113.048.791.083.705.702

$34,433. 798

1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.1 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government

agency doing force-account work.1 Includes weekly average for public roads.* Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.3 Not available: weekly average included in total for all projects.«Includes data for workers engaged in construction of a tunnel who, because of the additional risk

involved, were paid at rates higher than those usually paid for building construction.T These data are also included in separate tables covering projects fmancedby The Works Program.

Construction projects financed by the Public Works Administrationare those projects authorized by title II of the National IndustrialRecovery Act of June 16, 1933. This program of public works wasextended to June 30, 1937, by the Emergency Relief AppropriationAct of 1935 and title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of1936. The First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as theEmergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, reappropriated unobli-gated funds originally made available under the Emergency ReliefAppropriation Act of 1935 and authorized the use of $300,000,00)from funds on hand or received from the sale of securities. ThePublic Works Administration was continued until July 1, 1939, bythe Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937 and thePublic Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938 further con-tinued the program to June 30, 1941. On July 1, 1939, pursuant tothe provisions of Reorganization Plan No. 1, the Public WorksAdministration was transferred to the Federal Works Agency.

Federal construction projects for which data are included in table 9are financed by allotments made by the Public Works Administra-tion to the various agencies and departments of the Federal Govern-ment from funds provided under the National Industrial RecoveryAct. The major portion of the low-rent housing program of thePublic Works Administration, however, was financed by funds pro-vided under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. Fed-eral construction projects are also financed by allotments from fundsprovided under the Public Works Administration Appropriation Act


25

of 1938. The work is performed either by commercial firms whichhave been awarded contracts, or by day labor hired directly by theFederal agencies.

Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made by thePublic Works Administration from funds available under either theNational Industrial Recovery Act, the Emergency Relief Appropria-tion Act of 1935, the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936,the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, or thePublic Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938. Most ofthe allotments have been made to the States and their politicalsubdivisions, but occasionally allotments have been made to com-mercial firms. In financing projects for the States or their politicalsubdivisions from funds appropriated under the National IndustrialRecovery Act, the Public Works Administration makes a directgrant of not more than 30 percent of the total labor and materialcost. When funds provided under the Emergency Relief Appropria-tion Act of 1935, the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936,the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, or thePublic Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938 are used tofinance a non-Federal project, as much as 45 percent of the totalcost may be furnished in the form of a grant. The remaining 55 per-cent or more of the cost is financed by the recipient. When circum-stances justify such action, the Public Works Administration mayprovide the grantee with the additional funds by means of a loan.Allotments to commercial enterprises are made only as loans. Allloans made by the Public Works Administration carry interestcharges and have a definite date of maturity. Collateral posted withthe Public Works Administration to secure loans may be offered forsale to the public. In this way a revolving fund is provided whichenlarges the scope of the activities of the Public Works Administration.

Commercial loans have been made, for the most part, to railroads.Railroad work financed by loans made by the Public Works Adminis-tration falls under three headings: First, construction work in theform of electrification, the laying of rails and ties, repairs to build-ings, bridges, etc.; second, the building and repairing of locomotivesand passenger and freight cars in shops operated by the railroads;and third, locomotive and passenger- and freight-car building incommercial shops.

UNITED STATES HOUSING AUTHORITY

The United States Housing Authority was created by Public, No.412, Seventy-fifth Congress, approved September 1, 1937 as a cor-porate body of the Department of the Interior for the purpose of assist-ing the States and their political subdivisions in remedying the unsafe


26

and insanitary housing conditions and the acute shortage of decent,safe, and sanitary dwellings for families of low income, and in alle-viating present and recurring unemployment.

Executive Order No. 7732, dated October 27, 1937, transferred tothe Authority all the housing and slum-clearance projects of theFederal Emergency Administration of Public Works and all assets,contracts, records, applications, libraries, research materials, andother property held in connection with such projects or with thehousing or slum-clearance activities of the Public Works Administra-tion, together with the unexpended balance of funds allocated to thePublic Works Administration for the construction of any housing orslum-clearance projects. This executive order was modified byExecutive Order No. 7839, dated March 12, 1938, under which thetwo Puerto Rico projects were transferred to the Puerto Rico Recon-struction Administration. The President's Reorganization PlanNo. 1, effective July 1, 1939, transferred the U. S. Housing Authorityfrom the Department of the Interior to the Federal Works Agency.

Table 10 shows data for July 1939 on projects of the U. S. HousingAuthority. These figures pertain only to new projects under theU. S. Housing Authority and not to those formerly under the PublicWorks Administration.

TABLE 10.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Low-Rent Housing Projects Operated bythe United States Housing Authority, July 1939


Geographic division

Six divisions

Middle AtlanticEast North CentralWest North CentralSouth Atlantic _.East South CentralWest South Central

Employment

Maximumnumber

employed l

13,020

7,2621, 730

2691, 5391,337

883

Weeklyaverage

10,837

6,2521,440

1591,2441,084

658

Monthlypay-roll

disburse-ments

$1,426,123

981,768177,83516. 38799,027

102,34548,761

Number ofman-hours

workedduringmonth

1,310,345

771,659169,49619, 268

151,362128, 26870, 292


$1,088

1.2721.049.850. 654.798.694


$2,726,126

1,666,932325, 36022,706

306,148186,736218,244

1 Maximum employed during any 1 week of the month.

THE WORKS PROGRAM

By authority of Public Resolution No. 11, Seventy-fourth Congress,approved April 8, 1935, the President, in a series of Executive orders,inaugurated a broad program of work to be carried out by 61 unitsof the Federal Government. The Works Program was continued bytitle II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as theEmergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, and was further con-tinued by the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1937. Theprogram was extended to June 30, 1939, by the Emergency ReliefAppropriation Act of 1938 and to June 30, 1940, by the Emergency


27

Relief Appropriation Act of 1939. Employment created by thisprogram includes employment on Federal projects and employmenton projects operated by the Work Projects Administration. Inaccordance with the provisions of Reorganization Plan No. 1, effectiveJuly 1, 1939, the name of this agency was changed from WorksProgress Administration to Work Projects Administration and itbecame a part of the Federal Works Agency. Federal projects arethose conducted by Federal agencies which have received allotmentsfrom the Work Projects Administration. Projects operated by theWork Projects Administration are those projects conducted under thesupervision of that agency with the cooperation of States, cities, orcounties.

A record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked onprojects financed by the Work Projects Administration in July isshown in table 11, by type of project.

TABLE 11.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Work ProjectsAdministration9 July 1939 l


Type of project

All projects _

Airport construction (exclusive ofbuildings)

Build ing constructionElectrificationForestry 3•Grade-crossing elimination 4

Hydroelectric power plants 5

Plant, crop, and livestock conserva-tion 3

Professional, technical, and clericalPublic roads 4

ReclamationRiver, harbor, and flood controlStreets and roadsWater and sewerageMiscellaneous

Wage earners

Maxi-mum

numberemployed

Weeklyaverage

Monthlypay-rolldisburse-

ments

Number ofman-hours

workedduringmonth

Aver-age

earn-ingsper

hour


Federal projects

M09,851

20465, 3G0

9517,376

1,043137

17,682C, 1.53

69037,1032,030

12,0732,104 '7, 771

155,623

20461,220

8915,842

863127

16,7665, 944

58036, 6031,2128, 6691,4756,029

$6,058, 225

12,0972,113,505

5, 597730, 290

58,7835,099

882, 232378, 945

43, 4881,347, 596

52,048212,79914,613

201,133

14, 553,049

26,3124,484,061

14,1751,818,442

108, 27414,924

2,172,112616, 17170, 603

3, 594, 33088,848

904, 38351.304

589,110

$0.416

.460

.471

. 395

.402

.543

.342

.406

.615

.616

.375

.586

. 235

. 285

.341

$849, 768

1,811306, 637

174130,63365,70411,138

14,15813,83687,968

105, 67722, 38223,066

2, 97363,611

Projects operated by Work Projects Administration 6

All projects . 72,143, 593 $119,637,011 260,219,185 $0. 460

1 Unless otherwise noted data are for the month ending on the loth.2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government

agency doing force-account work.3 The data for the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, under plant, crop, and livestock con-

servation, and the Bureau o! Forest Service, under forestry, are for the calendar month.4 These data are for projects under the jurisdiction of the Public Roads Administration.5 These data are for projects under construction in Puerto Rico.c Data are for the calendar month. Not available by type of project.7 Represents number of names on pay roll for week ending July 29, 1939.8 Data on a monthly basis are not available.

Table 12 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked forthe second quarter of 1939 on projects operated by the Works ProgressAdministration, by type of project.


28

TABLE 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Operated by the Works ProgressAdministration, by Type of Project for the Second Quarter of 1939


Type of project

All projects _ _ .

Conservation . . .Highway, road, and streetProfessional, technical, and clericalPublic buildings 2

Publicly owned or operated utilities _._Recreational facilities 3

Sanitation and healthSewing, canning, and gardening, etc.Transportation . . . _Not elsewhere classified

Numberemployed 1

2,438,255

103,3791,040,496

315,448224,885228.017172,86847,355

211,27747,27047, 260

Pay-rolldisburse-

ments

$420,483,653

18.014,239160,910.41966,634.36340,871,14742,662,31732,415,538

7,528,18031,966, 53510,190, 7609,290,155

Number ofman-hours

worked

833,704, 793

35,139.526356,766,317115.851.27165,211,24877,052. 62155,133,38918,890,99679,266,13413, 585,39816,807,893


$0.504

.513

. 451

.575

.627

.554

.588

.399

.403

.750

.553

1 Data arc for the week ending June 24, 1939.> Separate data for housing projects are not available.1 Exclusive of buildings.

Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on work projectsof the National Youth Administration from the beginning of theprogram in January 1936 to July 1939, inclusive, are shown in table13. Similar data for Student Aid are shown from September 1935y

the starting date, to July 1939, inclusive.

TABLE 13.—Employment and Pay Rolls on National Youth Administration Projects,From the Beginning of Program Through July 1939 *


Year and monthNumberof per-

sons em-ployed

Pay-rolldisburse-

ments

Number ofman-hours

worked


Value ofmaterialordersplaced

Work projects

January 1936 to July 1939, inclusive..

January to December 1936..January to December 1937..January to December 1938..January 1939February 1939March 1939... ._.April 1939May 1939June 1939July 1939

237,468241,623234,918227.113223.892212,607207,357

$131,482,604 363,577,715

28,883,58932,663,34241, 558,174

4,346,7114,456,7724, 437. 4794,332, 5304,271,3473,962. 5822,570,078

75,827, 799874.242,108117,910,943

12,637.01313,061,41912,918,48112, 455,04712, 267,08011,224,8258,033,000

$0.362

.381

.374

.352

.344

.341

.343

.348

.348

.353

.320

»$16,636,992'

SIndent Aid

September 1935 to July 1939, inclusive.

September to December 1935.January to December 1936January to December 1937January to December 1938January 1939February 1939March 1939April 1939May 1939June 1939July 1939*

370,183376.209378,692383.344372,885281,116

$90,387,400 306,993,490

6,363,50325,914,83624,368, 50319,681,126

2, 252,7552,424,4092,443,0222,495,4002,499,5741,941,272

19,612.97685,517,29083,874,40968,750,836

7,952,4528. 577,2998,6216378, 813,4978, 737,6766,532,418

$0. 294

.324

.303

.291

.2H6

.283

.283

. 283

.283

. 286

.298

i Data arc for a calendar month.* Data on a monthly basis are not available. This total represents expenditures through March 31, 1939,

and includes rentals and services and some sponsors' contributions.» No expenditures for materials on this type of project.4 Student Aid program not in operation.


29

CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS

The Civilian Conservation Corps was created by an act of Congressapproved June 28, 1937, and succeeded the Emergency ConservationWork which had been set up in April 1933. On July 1, 1939, the Civil-ian Conservation Corps lost its status as an independent agency andwas transferred to the Federal Security Agency.

Employment and pay-roll data for the Civilian Conservation Corpsare collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Depart-ment, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce,and the Department of the Interior. The monthly pay of the enrolledpersonnel is $30 per month. Assistant leaders, not to exceed 10percent of the total number of enrollees, may receive up to $36 permonth, and leaders, not to exceed 6 percent, may receive up to $45per month.

Employment and pay rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps inJune and July 1939 are presented in table 14.TABLE 14.—Employment and Pay Rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps, June and

July 1939 1


Group

All groups _Enrolled personnel2

Reserve officers ._

Educational advisers 3 _Supervisory and technical3 _ _ _

Number of employees

July

322.058281,661

4,413207

1,59331,094

June

302,339264, 532

4,779312

1,57631,140

Amount of pay rolls

July

$14,459,9348,854,4171,183,861

35 199266,419

4,120,038

June

$14,132,2058, 276,9961,114,824

32 662267,694

4, 440,029

1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amount of payrolls are forthe entire month.

2 July data include 4,002 enrollees and pay roll of $87,004 outside continental United States; in June thecorresponding figures wore 3,898 enrollees and pay roll of $88,189.

»Included in executive service, table 2.

CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY RECONSTRUCTION FINANCECORPORATION

Statistics of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked onconstruction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Cor-poration in July are presented in table 15, by type of project.

TABLE 15.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the ReconstructionFinance Corporation, by Type of Project, July 1939 *


Type of project

All projects.— _-Building construction 3 _. _ ._ _ _.Water and sewerage

Maximumnumber of

wageearners2

2,4701,854

616

Monthlypay-rolldisburse-

ments

$266,391102, 350104, 041

Number ofman-hours

workedduringmonth

324,111212,322111,789


$0.822. 765.931

Value ofmaterialorders

placed dur-ing month

$391,766345,24246,524

i Data arc for the month ending on the 15th.1 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor.* Includes 639 employees; pay-roll disbursements of $59,636; 72,176 man-hours worked, and material orderi

placed of $47,530 on projects financed by the 1\YC Mortgage Co.


30

CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED FROM REGULAR FEDERALAPPROPRIATIONS

When a construction contract is awarded or force-account work isstarted by a department or agency of the Federal Government, theBureau of Labor Statistics is immediately notified, on forms suppliedby the Bureau, of the name and address of the contractor, the amountof the contract, and the type of work to be performed. Blanks arethen mailed by the Bureau to the contractor or Government agencydoing the work. These reports are returned to the Bureau and showthe number of men on pay rolls, the amounts disbursed for pay, thenumber of man-hours worked on the project, and the value of thedifferent types of materials for which orders were placed during themonth.

Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked onconstruction projects financed from regular Federal appropriationsduring July are given in table 16, by type of project.

TABLE 16.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction Projects Financed FromRegular Federal Appropriations, by Type of Project, July 1939 1


Type of project

All projects

Building construction.Electrification:

Rural Electrification Admin-istration projects A

Other than It. E. A. projects-ForestryHeavy engineering._Public roads 5

ReclamationRiver, harbor, and ilood control:

Dredging, dikes, revetments,etc

Locks and damsShip construction:

Naval vessels. _Other than naval vessels

Streets and roadsWater and se werageMiscellaneous

Number of wageearners

3 265,168

16, 224

14,00854

206227

(6)19,701

30,96710, 368

55,99115, 0812,920

4181,000

250, 307

12, 952

11, 64044

141210

97, 40318, 932

26, 6979,361

54,66514, 3412, 693

347881

Monthlypay-roll dis-bursements

Number ofman-hours

worked dur-ing month

$25,776, 242

1,315,010

751,0833, 6055,489

33,9277, 623,0862, 780, 399

2,864, 3571,219,227

7, 272, 4511,636,670

185,20926, 33859, 391

35, 208, 444

1, 431,085

1,555,9184,073

111,11125,033

12, 543, 8583,050,169

4,375,3111, 620, 515

8,180,7381,945, 758

340,15537, 69287,028


;0. 732

.919

.483

.885

.4941.355.608.912

.655

.752

.841

.544

Value ofmaterialorders

placed dur-ing month

$36,801,737

2, 331,980

3, 262, 5056,512

41179,129

12, 661,1803, 157, 430

2, 825, 7881, 710, 462

6,352,4124,098,096

231, 23032, 51352, 089

* Data are for the month ending on the 15th.i Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor, and Government

agency doing force-account work.8 Includes weekly average for public-road projects.* Financed by Rural Electrification Administration loans.* Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.•Not available, weekly average included in the total for all projects.


31

STATE-ROADS PROJECTS

A record of employment and pay-roll disbursements in the con-struction and maintenance of roads financed wholly from State orlocal funds in July 1939, compared with June 1939 and July 1938, ispresented in table 17.

TABLE 17.—Employment and Pay Roils on Construction and Maintenance of State

Roads, July 1939, June 1939, and July 1938 *


Item

Total

New roadsMaintenance

Number of employees 2

1July 1939,! June 1939

1

140,202 j 141,750

20,045 | 20,17V120,157 j 121,573

July 1938

199,470

30,504108,900

Pay-roll disbursements

July 1939 j June 1939

$10,521,530 $10,743,330

1,310,890 | 1,417,3009,210,040 ! 9,320,030

July 1938

$12,982,940

1,940,49011,042, 450

1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th and are for projects financed wholly from State or localfunds* Average number working during month.

O


Documents

Employment and Pay Rolls July 1939 - St. Louis Fed, rayon and allied products (1,700 workers), silk and rayon goods (1,600 workers), and flour (1,000 workers). Seasonal employment