ENERCON Sales - Grid Integration · PDF fileENERCON’s global production is characterised by a high degree of vertical integration Sweden

© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved.100% by 2030 Renewable Energy Summit, Sept.2016 1

ENERCON Sales - Grid Integration

Wind Power plants supporting a 100% system

September 28th 2016

Dipl.-Ing. Eckard Quitmann, Head of Sales - GI


Agenda

© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved.Name of Presenter

1. What is “100%”?

2. Our experiences

3. Electrical features of wind farms

4. Conclusions

2


ENERCON MW and Multi MW Class

ENERCON WEC Platforms

EP 1 E-44 E-48 E-53 0.8 – 0.9 MW

EP 2 E-70 E-82 E-92 E-103 EP2 2.0 – 2.35 MW

EP 3 E-101 E-115 3.05 – 3.2 MW

EP 4 E-126 EP4 E-141 EP4 4.2 MW

EP 8 E-126 7.58 MW


Wind Energy Worldwide 2015 (Onshore & Offshore)

Capacity installed in 201563,013 MW

Cumulative capacity by 2015432,149 MW

Market shares 2015

Source: GWEC “Global Wind Statistics 2015”, BTM Consult “World Wind Energy Market Update 2015”

30.500

8.598

6.013

2.623 0975 1.506 1.073 295 2.754 615 1.266

0

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

120.000

140.000

160.000

China USA Germany India Spain UK Canada France Italy Brazil Sweden Poland

capacity installed in 2015 [MW]

installed capacity by 2014 [MW]

Goldwind12.8%

Vestas12.0%

GE9.2%

Siemens7.7%

Gamesa5.5%

ENERCON5.1%

UnitedPower4.7%

Mingyang3.8%

Envision3.5%

Csic Haizhuang

3.4%

Other32.3%


Worldwide installed WPPs


Worldwide Production in Eight Countries

ENERCON’s global production is characterised by a high degree of vertical integration

SwedenSteel tower productionMetalworking

AustriaPrecast concrete tower production

TurkeyRotor blade productionPrecast concrete tower production

Brazil Rotor blade production Precast concrete tower production Machine house assembly Generator production

FrancePrecast concrete tower production

Portugal Rotor blade production Precast concrete tower production Mechatronic Generator production

CanadaPrecast concrete tower productionElectrical components

GermanyMachine house assemblyElectrical componentsRotor blade productionGenerator production Tower productionFoundry


Agenda


1. What is “100%”?

2. Our experiences


4. Conclusions

7


What is a „100% system“?

Getting close:Germany 08.05.2016 11-12 am: >75% of load covered by wind + PV + biomass + hydro = 53.7 GWNote: Interconnected in Europe

Quelle Agorameter

Peak: 75% of load covered by RE Peak: ~20GW conventional plants still run



Examples getting close:Germany 08.05.2016 11-12 am: >75% of load covered by wind + PV + biomass + hydro = 53.7 GWNote: Interconnected in Europe

Reaching it - temporarily:Faroe islands: 29.12.2014 - 02.01.2015: 100% of load covered by wind + hydro = 21…38 MWNote: Varying generation from hydro and wind, no battery active

El Hierro, Canary island: 30.07 - 02.08.2016100% of load covered by wind + hydro = 4 … 7 MWNote: Hydro generation and pumping, windpower flat

A „100% system“ is: A power system supplied for long, consecutive periods with 100% sustainable energy



The engineers point of view:

Simplified to electrical sector only

Technical challenges of a “100% system”:• Generation based on volatile sources (Wind, PV)• Little demand side response• Few or no synchronous rotating machines• Generation 100% based on power electronics• Smart control combining loads and all sources

To be looked at:• First: Instantaneous values (power)• Second: Energy balance• Electrical connections to neighbors (AC-islanded or not)• Characteristics of power plants & flexibility of players

Flexibility needed to match volatile generation and volatile load

markets technology


Agenda


1. What is “100%”?

2. Our experiences


4. Conclusions

11


ENERCON track record of projects in isolated systems

Projects in isolated systems*Number of projects 75 (69 still in operation, 6 not active)Number of WECs 250Total installed capacity (MW) 199Commissioning year 1994 - 2014Number of isolated systems 38Number of countries 12

*Isolated system = Grid without any AC connection to other synchronous zones and with a total generating installed capacity smaller than 1 GW Updated on 2016 Q1


Depicted ENERCON WPP projects with storage systems

Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles(Wind + Diesel + NiCd battery)• 12 x E-44, 900 kW• FCU• Battery Storage System

(NiCd 3 MW, 3 mins) • PMS as master control

2010

Utsira, Norway (Wind + H2 system + Battery + FSS + MSM)• 1 x E-40, 600 kW• Battery Storage System

(100 kW, 35 kWh)• FSS (200 kW, 5 kWh)• MSM (100 kVA)• PMS as master control

2003

Ross Island, Antarctica(Wind + Diesel + FSS)• 3 x E-33, 330 kW

2009

2002Flores, Portugal (Wind + Diesel + Hydro + FSS)• 2 x E-30, 300 kW

Falkland I(Wind + Diesel + FSS)• 6 x E-33, 330 kW• 3 x FSS (250 kW, 5 kWh)• PMS as master control


Depicted ENERCON WPP projects with storage systems

Husahagi, Faroe Islands(Wind + Diesel + Hydro + Li-Ion battery)• 13 x E-44, 900 kW• FCU• Smart container (2.4 MW, 707 kWh)• L-EMS

Raglan, Canada (Wind + Diesel + H2 system + Li-Ion battery + FSS)• 1 x E-82 E4, 3000 kW• RTU-C

Shetland(Wind + Diesel + Gas + Lead acid battery)• 1 x E-44, 500 kW• RTU-C

2014El Hierro, Spain(Wind + PV + Diesel + Hydro + Pumpingstation)• 5 x E-70, 2300 kW• FCU


Agenda


1. What is 100%

2. Our experiences


4. Conclusions

15

© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved.100% by 2030 Renewable Energy Summit, Sept.2016 16© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved.Name of Presenter

Basic Electrical Design

16

Generation

ControlsGenerator Rectifier

Excitation

Yaw Drives

Pitch DrivesE-82 E3



17

Conversion

UPS Control

Control Cabinet

Transformer

Power Cabinets

E-82 E3

LV Distribution

MV Switchgear



Type 4 Wind Turbine Generator (WTG), with no gearboxFull scale power converters decouple annular generator from gridAvailable for 50Hz and 60Hz grids: no special version required

18

Key characteristics



Type 4 Wind Turbine Generator (WTG), with no gearboxFull scale power converters decouple annular generator from the gridAvailable for 50Hz and 60Hz grids: no special version requiredPerformance on grid mainly determined by inverter(s) (current source)

19

Key characteristics


ENERCON Farm Control Unit (FCU)

Advanced, flexible controller for wind farmsUsing P and Q from WECs, addressing P, Q, U, f at PCCCan be very fast due to dedicated data bus for set points to WECsHigh dynamic performance with rise times as low as 1s possible

20

Key characteristics

Voltage

SCADA Server

Dispatch Centre

FCU

CurrentFCU bus


ENERCON Wind Power Plant Features

WPP standard electrical features to enable very high penetrationControllability of P - below what wind presently offers



WPP standard electrical features to enable very high penetrationControllability of P - below what wind presently offersPrimary or secondary control reserve

Activation of Control Reserve



WPP standard electrical features to enable very high penetrationControllability of P - below what wind presently offersPrimary or secondary control reserveReactive power to control voltage

—Vo

ltage

, MV

[kV]

—Po

wer

[MW

]

—R

eact

.Pow

er

[Mva

r]

1. Grid voltage jumps due to external switching operation

3. Voltage stabilizes on new level

2. WF adapts reactive power in <1sec



WPP standard electrical features to enable very high penetrationControllability of P - below what wind presently offersPrimary or secondary control reserveReactive power to control voltageOnline data exchange

SCADA Server

OutsideWPP

InsideWPP

Communication Network

SCADA Remote

Grid Operator

ENERCON Service

WPP owner



WPP standard electrical features to enable very high penetrationControllability of P - below what wind presently offers Primary or secondary control reserveReactive power to control voltageOnline data exchangeFault-Ride-Through, Inertia Emulation … and further “bizarre” electrical features



WPP standard electrical features to enable very high penetrationControllability of P - below what wind presently offers Primary or secondary control reserveReactive power to control voltageOnline data exchangeFault-Ride-Through, Inertia Emulation … and further “bizarre” electrical features

Non of these features come for free!To be decided power system specifically for each featurefor the overall economical & technical optimum :a) mandatory feature by all power plantsb) organized as ancillary service /market

Reorganization of ancillary services and grid codes needed


Products - ENERCON SMART Container

Power Cabinet DC/DC Converter Control Cabinet UPS TransformerLow VoltageDistribution

Medium VoltageSwitchgear

WEC component

WEC component adapted

New development


Variety of functionalities available such as

Using the ENERCON SMART Container

What is the technical purpose of the storage application?

Ramp Rate ControlRamp Rate Control

Activ

e Pow

er

Time

Regulating ReserveRegulating Reserve

Frequency

Activ

e Pow

er

100%

-100%


Storage application

Inertial Response

Ramp Rate Control

Regulating Reserve

<10s 1min to 1hour 15min to few hours

… … …

… … …

Energy rating (E)

Power rating (P)

Discharge duration

Seasonal Storage

Hours … weeks

RRKW Feldheim

Húsa-hagi

Dimensioning of energy storage system depends on application


Storage application in a 100% system

Who has the responsibility for the stable power system operation?

WPP + control = minor player (slave)=> very limited responsibility for power system=> “someone else” is balancing load and generation

WPP + control = dominant player => control = master=> high responsibility for power system=> Most likely requires additional assets: storage, PV, coordination with diesel…

Responsibilities to be agreed project specifically


Agenda


1. What is “100%”?

2. Our experiences


4. Conclusions

31


Conclusions

Technology to run 100% systems is availableVolatile sources and loads require „flexibility“ to matchProject specific identification of system responsibilityProject specific identification of needs regarding storage, diesel etc.Electricity markets & products may need to be adaptedTechnical remaining challenges with a “100% inverter based system => R&D

32


Title

Thank you


Impressum

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Date Language DCC Plant / Departmentyyyy-mm-dd <iso-code> <DCC> or -- <plant / department>

Rev. Date Change0 yyyy-mm-dd Creation of the document

Dokumentinformation

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ENERCON Sales - Grid Integration · PDF fileENERCON’s global production is characterised by a high degree of vertical integration Sweden