ENERGY

Global Warming

The sun is our primary

energy source

The atmosphere is like an insulator

keeping in greenhouse

gasses such as CO2, methane,

etc.

Greenhouse gasses trap heat and leads to global warming / climate change.

Climate change

Greenhouse gases are increasing.

Average global temperatures are rising.

Climate changes are happening.

An inconvenient truth

Ancient Sunlight

Fossil Fuels

SA relies heavily on crude oil imported from the Middle East.

• Crude oil is shipped to Saldanha Bay, north of CT

• Pumped 120km to the refinery in Milnerton

• Refined into liquid fuels like petrol, diesel, paraffin and gas

• Distributed to fuel suppliers

Power plant to plug

• Most of the electricity in SA is generated near the coal fields of Mpumalanga.

• Transmission occurs through huge power lines along Eskom’s national grid.

Other fuel types

Paraffin Wood LPG

Carbon Footprint

• Burning coal releases harmful gases into the atmosphere.

• SO2 + water = acid rain.

• CO2 = highest contributing global warming greenhouse gas.

• Methane and other gasses are however much stronger

• Most of SAs energy comes from burning coal, a fossil fuel

We produce on average 8 tons of CO2 per person each year in South Africa

• Coal based electricity

• “Cheap” electricity

• Inefficient systems

Do you know your carbon footprint?

For on-line carbon calculators visit www.trees.co.za or www.bp.com 148

Carbon Footprint

Renewable Energy

Renewable or not?

• Fossil fuels cannot be reproduced or regenerated on a scale that can sustain consumption patterns indefinitely and mostly exist in a fixed amount, such as coal, petroleum and natural gas

• Renewable energy is energy that comes from renewable resources, such as wind, solar, geothermal, biofuels

Potential energy sources

Solar / Sun

86 000 TW

Wind 870 TW

Geothermal32 TW

Hydro7,2 TW

Global human energy consumption 15 TW

Solar Power

• The average home in SA receives 600kWh of sunshine per day

• The average home uses 774kWh of electricity per month

Solar Water Heating

Solar water heaters

• Electric hot water geysers use 60% of the energy in a home

• The sun heats water directly and does not create electricity

• Solar water heaters are costly, but save huge amounts over time

Solar Power (PV)

Solar power generation

• Photovoltaic (PV) cells convert sunlight into electricity

• This electricity can be stored in batteries and used when required

• It is however still relatively expensive

Alternative Energy

Consider alternative cooking options

Alternative Options

Induction stove top

Alternative OptionsHeat Pump• Not renewable, but

very efficient for heating and cooling water or air

• Air-to-water• Air-to-air• Eskom is currently

giving rebates • Cheaper than a

SWH

Wind Turbines

• Wind farms produce clean sustainable electricity, but it is an expensive option

• No pollution

• No natural resources depleted

Renewable Energy• Biofuels can be

produced from wheat, corn, potato, sugar cane, etc

• Spent oil or algae can also be used and has no impact on food security

• Be aware of concerns around food security

Nuclear Power

Nuclear Power

Is nuclear power an option?

• Koeberg is the only nuclear power station in Africa

• Power is relatively clean – minimal CO2 emissions

• Output is high – one uranium pebble (size of cricket ball) produces as much electricity as (a truck load) 7,6 tons of coal

• SA is rich in uranium, the core of nuclear fuel, although most of the uranium needed is imported

Nuclear Power

• Uranium is a non-renewable resource• Radioactive waste is highly dangerous• It must be buried far underground as it

remains active for 1000s of years.

Nuclear Power

• Uranium is a non-renewable resource• Radioactive waste is highly dangerous• It must be buried far underground as it

remains active for 1000s of years.

Remember to tell your grandchildren's children to tell

their grandchildren's children, to tell their grandchildren's children,

to tell their grandchildren's, grandchildren's, children how to deal with the nuclear waste...

Transport in our CityOver 50% of all energy used in Cape

Town is spent on transportation - cars, buses, trains and taxis.

Transport in our City

How can we reduce our fuel consumption?

•Lift clubs / car share • Use public transport• Drive our cars efficiently• Buy smaller & efficient cars• Consider a hybrid vehicle• Cycle or walk

Eco Driving

• Service your vehicle regularly

• Check your tyre pressure monthly

• Remove unnecessary weight from your vehicle

• Close your windows at higher speeds

• Use air conditioning sparingly

• Reduce idling

• Avoid speeding and drive smoothly

• When accelerating, change gears as early as possible

Bus Rapid Transport (BRT)

The City aims to provide better public transport services

Energy Efficiency

The energy efficient house p58

Energy efficient homes

Electricity Safety

• Check that all electrical wiring is correct and safe

• Check for gas leaks

• Make sure your home is well ventilated

BLue is LeftBRown is Right

Energy saving tips

Energy saving tips

Energy saving tips

The challenge:

What are you

going to do

differently?

WATERENERGY BIODIVERSITYWASTE WATERENERGY BIODIVERSITYWASTE