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Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Chapter 2 Introduction to Energy
Use the Textbook Pages 39 52 to help answer the questions
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Why You Learn So Well in Tech & Engineering Classes
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 1. The study of energy is important because __________ __________ about
the development of energy resources and associated technologies will have to be made in your lifetime.
Good Jokes Serious Decisions Easy Solutions
Pg. 39
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 2. __________________ energy sources can be regenerated in a relatively short period of time. Examples of these resources would be: ________________, ________________, ______________
Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible
Pg. 41
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 3. ________________________ energy sources cannot be replaced once they
are used. Examples of these resources would be: ________________,_________, ______________ ______
Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible
Pg. 41
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 4. ____________________________ energy sources are those that will never
run out. Examples of these resources would be: ________________, ________________, ______________
Renewable Nonrenewable Inexhaustible Pg. 41
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
5. Energy can be a type called _______________ energy, which is stored up energy, waiting to happen.
Potential Kinetic Biomass Conversion
Pg. 41
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 6. Energy can be a type called _______________ energy, which is energy in
motion or moving energy.
Potential Kinetic Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
Pg. 42
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 7. Energy is found in 6 forms in our environment:
(M) ______________ (E) _____________ (C) _______________ (H) ______________ (N) _____________ (L) _______________
Pg. 42
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 8. The most basic unit of measure for heat energy is the:
____________ ____________ _______ (Btu). 1 Btu is the quantity of heat needed to raise 1 pound of water 1 Fº 1 Btu is about the amount of heat energy stored in 1 kitchen match
British Thermal Unit Burger Thermal Unit Bituminous Thermal Unit
Pg. 43
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 9. The organization of nations committed to the strength & success of the oil
market is known as: OPEC or the ___________________ of ________________ ______________ _____________
Original People Excavating Coal Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries Organization for the Preservation of Economic Chaos
42 gallons in 1 barrel of crude oil
Pg. 45
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
42 gallons in 1 barrel of crude oil
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 10. An ___________ is a restriction of trade with a country for political reasons.
Tariff Trade Wind Embargo Pg. 45
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 11. Energy __________ involves making better use of available energy supplies.
Conversation Conversion Conservation
Pg. 45
These are “No Cost” energy saving measures that you can take
These are “No Cost” energy saving measures that you can take
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 12. Energy ______________ is the changing of one form of energy into another.
Conversation Conversion Conservation
Can you name the energy conversions taking place
in a motor vehicle?
Pg. 46
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
13. The term, Energy ________________, expresses the extent to which one form of energy is usefully converted into another form of energy.
(Examples: heat into mechanical energy or heat into light energy)
Efficiency Effervescence Everlasting
Pg. 46
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 14. ____________ is a measure of the unavailable or lost energy
in a closed system of conversion.
Entropy Entoufee Entree
Pg. 46
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 15. Using the chart on page 47, what converter is most efficient? ___________
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 16. Using the chart on page 47, what converter is least efficient? ____________
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
The basic idea behind these bulbs is simple. Electricity runs through the filament. Because the filament is so thin, it offers a good bit of resistance to the electricity, and this resistance turns electrical energy into heat. The heat is enough to make the filament white hot, and the "white" part is light. The filament glows because of
the heat it incandesces. The problem with incandescent light bulbs is that the heat wastes a lot of electricity. Heat is not light, and the purpose of the light bulb is light, so all of the energy spent creating heat is a waste. Incandescent bulbs are therefore very inefficient. They
produce perhaps 15 lumens per watt of input power.
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
A fluorescent bulb uses a completely different method to produce light. There are electrodes at both ends of a fluorescent tube, and a gas containing argon and mercury vapor is inside the tube. A stream of electrons flows through the gas from one electrode to the other (in a manner similar to the stream of electrons in a cathode ray tube). These electrons bump into the mercury atoms and excite them. As the mercury atoms move from the excited state back to the unexcited state, they give off ultraviolet photons. These photons hit the phosphor coating the inside of the fluorescent tube, and this phosphor creates visible light. It sounds complicated, so lets go through it again in slow motion:
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
There is a stream of electrons flowing between the electrodes at both ends of the fluorescent bulb.
The electrons interact with mercury vapor atoms floating inside the bulb. The mercury atoms become excited, and when they return to an unexcited state
they release photons of light in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum. These ultraviolet photons collide with the phosphor coating the inside of the bulb,
and the phosphor creates visible light. The phosphor fluoresces to produce light.
A fluorescent bulb produces less heat, so it is much more efficient. A fluorescent bulb can produce between 50 and 100 lumens per watt. This makes fluorescent bulbs four to six times more efficient than incandescent bulbs. That's why you can buy a 15watt fluorescent bulb that produces the same amount of light as a
60watt incandescent bulb.
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
17. Besides particulate emissions, what 3 harmful substances condense & contribute to acid rain?
(CO 2 ) _______ __________,
(NOx) ________ _________,
(SOx) ________ _________
Carbon Dioxide Nitrogen Oxides Sulfur Oxides
Pg. 48
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 18. When the layer of gases in our atmosphere does not allow the heat from
sunlight striking the earth to escape as it once did, this is referred to as the ________________________ effect.
Pg. 48
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 19. Gases produced by burning fossil fuels will lead to a phenomenon called
___________ _________.
Cool Earth Global Cooling Global Warming Pg. 48
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 20. ___________________ (reusing or remanufacturing) is a method of energy
conservation that saves money and energy. It can be done at any level from personal to industrial to country or global!
Remaking Recycling Redundant
Pg. 49
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
21. Give at least 3 ways that you or your family could or actually are recycling or conserving energy: 1) _____________ 2) _____________ 3) _____________
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Perform a Home Energy Audit
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
Main Ideas
__________
__________
__________
Supporting Details
________________
________________
________________
TOP CRISS 2 Column Notes
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
TOP CRISS Highlight Your Study Guides Before Tests
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
TOP CRISS Read 3 Times
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
TOP CRISS Ask Yourself These Questions
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• Renewable Energy Sources – Can be regenerated in a relatively short period of time
• Wood • Cornstalks • Sugarcane
• NonRenewable Energy Sources – Cannot be replaced once they are used
• Coal • Oil • Natural Gas
• Inexhaustible Energy Sources – Energy sources that will never run out
• Solar • Wind • Waves • Tidal • Geothermal
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• Energy Types
– Potential: Stored Up, Waiting to Happen or Waiting to Be Used
– Kinetic: Energy in Motion or Moving Energy
• 6 Forms of Energy always in our environment – M Mechanical – E Electrical – C Chemical – H Heat – N Nuclear – L Light
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• Most basic unit of measure for heat energy is the Btu
• British thermal unit is a measurement of “Heat Quantity”
• 1 Btu is amount of heat required to: raise the temperature of 1 pound of H 2 O 1º Fahrenheit
• Temperature is a measurement of “Heat Intensity” expressed in degrees
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• OPEC – Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
• Embargo: trade restrictions placed on a country for political reasons
• Energy Conservation: making better use of energy supplies
• Energy Conversion: changing from one form of energy into another
• Energy Efficiency: how completely is the form of energy changed into another form
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• Air Pollution
– Particulate Emissions – Ash, Soot, Carbon Dust
– CO2 – Carbon Dioxide – NOx – Nitrogen Oxides or Oxides of Nitrogen – SOx – Sulfur Oxides…rotten egg odor
– CO – Carbon Monoxide…poison gas, odorless – HC – Hydrocarbons…unburned fuel, it smells!
– Refrigerant – CCl 2 F 2 & CH 2 FCF 3 …kills the Earth’s Ozone Layer
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• Results of Air Pollution
– Acid Rain
– Increased incidents of cataracts & melanoma
– Greenhouse Effect…which leads to Global Warming
– Congestion & Asthma & Allergies
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• Our environment is “delicately balanced”
• Here are some actions that we can take to battle the destruction to our environment
– Conserve
– Recycle
– Help to Design & Engineer a Better Future Learn!
• Technological Optimism & Technological Optimists
• Technological Pessimism & Technological Pessimists