Energy, Safety and Environmental Technologies · nuclear power plant accidents, malevolent actions in urban areas, volcanic ash eruptions) ... nuclear techniques (1) in the . micro

INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR & RADIOLOGICAL SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGY, ENERGY & SAFETY

Energy, Safety and Environmental Technologies

Dr Athanasios Stubos

JRC INFORMATION DAY Maritime Affairs, Energy, Food and Bio-economy

1st April 2014 Athens, Greece

NATIONAL CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH “DEMOKRITOS”


Main Research Aims and Thematic Priorities

Clean, Efficient Energy Technologies

Alternative Fuels & Energy Carriers

Environmental Monitoring & Modelling

Climate Change Studies

Safety & Security


Energy Technologies, Alternative Fuels & Energy Carriers

Clean, secure / safe and efficient energy

• From Solar technologies to Energy storage, Alternative Fuels (Solar fuels (CCU),

Hydrogen) and Environmental Impact Assessment

• Cleaner conventional energy technologies: Oil & Gas (incl. Shale gas), Tracer technology

for improved underground reservoir characterization, CCS


Thermal Solar Collectors and Systems Thermal Storage Systems- Analysis and Design Thermal Distillation - Desalination Metrology of Energy Quantities Computational Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer

Concentrating hybrid photovoltaic/thermal solar collector

SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES I

Thermal-hydraulic analysis of storage tanks

Solar driven desalination - distilation

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Latent Heat Storage –

Phase-change materials (PCM) Linear-focus Fresnel

reflector system

SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES II

Advanced heat

transfer fluids

Encapsulated PCM

Slurries

Nanofluids

Fresnel-lens

concentrating system

Solar-driven membrane

distillation


Alternative Fuels and Energy Carriers: H2

from basic research to applications

Identification and optimization of novel materials for energy storage –

emphasis on H2 economy

Sorbents for gas storage (H2, CH4, CO2)

clathrates metal hydrides

nanoporous materials

Experimental & theoretical investigation of gas sorption mechanism

European facility for H2 storage measurements (in collaboration with Institute

of AMPPNM) Alternative, novel energy storage and

transportation concepts

Design of integrated H2 storage systems

Design of H2 storage tanks Design of the coupling of H2 storage

systems and fuel cells

Safety analysis of H2 used as fuel for vehicles

New Topic: CaO looping for on-site

renewable energy storage and long

distance renewable energy transport


Hybrid Renewable & H2 technologies

Integration

Hydrogen as an attractive means for

renewable energy storage

Stationary prototype solid state storage of hydrogen produced from wind energy via electrolysis (in collaboration with CRES)


• Characterization:

₋ Pore / core scale

₋ Electronic laboratory

₋ Reservoir scale (tracer technology):

preferential flow, inter-well communication, flow field mapping, barriers/fractures, permeability, channeling/thief zones, sweep volumes etc.

• Systematic study of formation damage aspects:

₋ Effective scale management requires on-line monitoring of scaling as well as detection and identification of scale deposits → Use of radiotracers, Evaluation of inhibitors

₋ Experimental investigation of in-situ asphaltene flocculation, migration, and deposition of asphaltenes within the reservoir matrix

Conventional energy technologies

HC reservoirs management

Active collaboration with oil & gas industry New Topic: Environmental Impact

Assessment for Shale Gas

Processes (Fracking)


• Atmospheric Modelling for Emergency Response , Environmental Monitoring &

Impact Assessment, Climate Research

• Novel technologies and monitoring techniques for environmental assessment and

characterization of a wide range of parameters from climate active species to

hazardous compounds for human health

• Dioxin Analysis in Environmental, Food & Biological Samples; Food Quality Control

and Consumer Protection

Environmental Monitoring & Modelling / Climate Research


• Accidental, natural or intentional releases of hazardous / harmful substances in air, in urban or industrial sites, in open or closed spaces (e.g., nuclear power plant accidents, malevolent actions in urban areas, volcanic ash eruptions)

• RODOS Decision Support System for Nuclear Emergencies, National Nuclear and Radiological Emergency Response Plan

Atmospheric Modelling for Emergency Response / Safety / Security


MODELLING

• Global-Regional Climate Air Pollution Modeling System

– Global Climate Model

– Short term Climatology Prediction Model (3-6 months)

– Statistical & dynamical Downscaling (Global to Regional scales)

• Impact Assessment of Extreme Weather Events and

Climate Change on:

– Infrastructures

– Society & Economy (tourism, agriculture)

– Energy Sector

– Assessment of extreme events (fires, floods, etc)

MONITORING

• Use of radionuclide tracers in climate research

• Effects of nano particles in climate forcing and transformations within a changing atmosphere

• Development and operation of Regional Urban background station

• Monitoring station for atmospheric aerosol and climate parameters part of the Global Atmosphere Watch network of WMO and relevant databases

• Long term access to large European Arctic Infrastructures

(GAW Zeppelin Global Climate monitoring station, Svalbard)

Climate Research

Demokritos GAW Aerosol Monitoring station


Air Pollution Monitoring & Analysis / Aerosol Technology

• Indoor & Outdoor Air quality Measurements on all scales from personal exposure to regional assessment

• Chemical characterization of aerosols and atmospheric samples for the detection of VOCs, OC/EC, Ions & Inorganic compounds for Source apportionment of Particulate Matter (PM) in urban areas

• Industrial Plume Tracking and vehicle emission measurements.

• Fully equipped laboratory for chemical analysis with high sensitivity devices (GC/FID with Thermal Desorption Unit, GC/FPD, GC/MS/ECD, HPLC, IC, OC/EC analyzer, TEOM).

• Laboratory for Fine and Ultrafine particle characterization and calibration of particle classifiers

• Novel sampling and aerosol characterization nuclear techniques (1) in the micro & nano particle scale (3-1000 nm)

• Nano-particle size classification statistics in equivalent sizes

• Exposure of humans to nano-particle contaminants such as engineered nanoparticles, heavy metals and radionuclides.

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m)

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Ultrafine particle Active Surface Area in Athens


Large Research Infrastructures – ARCHIMEDES

for sustainable energy production and storage, solar

fuels and thermochemical processes (ARCHIMEDES)

Combined production of

power and heat

High temperatures

metallurgical applications

Production and characterization of

porous media

Thermodynamic cycles and

engines for power production

Thermochemical

production of H2

Thermal carriers - Heat storage

materials and technologies

Reflection and absorption surfaces (materials, optical

properties, reliability)

Techno-economic

assessment of technologies CO2 / H2 capture, separation

and conversion to solar fuels

Design of concentration

devices


INRaSTES DEM station is already integrated in the European (ACTRIS I3) and Global (GAW) Networks

INRaSTES DEM station

INRaSTES Black Carbon monitoring

Large Research Infrastructures - PANACEA PANhellenic infrastructure for Atmospheric Composition and climatE chAnge The Greek

Network of atmosphere and climate research and monitoring stations


Risk and Reliability Assessment • Risk assessment and physical protection of Interconnected critical infrastructures

• Quantitative Risk Assessment (nuclear, chemical, emerging risks)

• Reliability assessment of industrial sites, complex systems

• Occupational risk Assessment and management

• Human reliability

• Decision making for land use and emergency planning, due to major accidents and natural hazards


Nuclear Technology


Greek Research Reactor

Past

Present

Envisaged

Future


Greek Research Reactor - 1

• GRR-1 is an AMF Atomics design

• First criticality in 1961

• Upgraded to 5 MW in 1971

• Be reflector in 1999

• Studied Conversion HEU -> LEU


GRR-1 Refurbishment program

• Building renovation

• Infrastructure renovation

• Primary cooling system (PCS)

replacement

• Adoption of IAEA safety standards

• Development of new instruments

& applications


NuRRI activities & services • Computational and Experimental Nuclear Technology

• Nuclear Analytical Techniques

• Radiation Protection

• Waste Management

• RN Emergency - Security

• Radiopharmacy

• Radioecology

• Transmutation

• Tissue Banking

• Radiobiology

• Innovative Materials

• Training & Education

• …


Co-coordination of the Greek participation in the European

Fusion Programme

Fusion Technology Group Fission Group

Nuclear Technology Structure

Restart & Operation of GRR-1

Analysis & design of modern reactor core architectures

Development of advanced neutronic codes

Investigation of innovative reactor concepts

Improving RR irradiation capabilities

Safety analysis of nuclear reactors

Power plant monitoring & diagnostics

Intelligent nuclear security implementations

Electrical load forecasting

Materials at Extreme Environment

Radiation Physics

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Energy, Safety and Environmental Technologies · nuclear power plant accidents, malevolent actions in urban areas, volcanic ash eruptions) ... nuclear techniques (1) in the . micro