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ENERGY STAR®
andCommercial Refrigeration
Rachel SchmeltzUS EPA
Scott ShanklinThe Cadmus Group, [email protected]
Arthur S. Werner, Ph.D.The Cadmus Group, [email protected]
Objectives
• Describe ENERGY STAR• Recap October Meeting• Explain difference between
this and California activities• Review Draft Eligibility Criteria• Determine Next Steps
History - The problem
• Consumers invested little in efficient products- Lack of information about energy efficiency benefits
• The most advanced technologies were not well represented in the market- Lack of incentives for manufactures to produce
more efficient products• Political limitations
- Manufacturers resisted the implementation of more rigorous standards
The Solution
The symbol for energy efficiency
Making it easy to make a difference
The ENERGY STAR solution
• Voluntary partnership with manufacturers
• Gives the purchaser an easy way to choose efficient products
• Makes link between energy consumption and air pollution
• Facilitates collaboration among EPA, manufacturers, retailers and utilities so as to increase sales of ENERGY STAR labeled products
The ENERGY STAR label
• Only one label at the national level
• 31 product categories – Representing the top 25% in efficiency
• Products either qualify or don’t qualify Manufacturers test and label their products No cost for participation
ENERGY STAR Products
• Household appliances• CFLs / residential fixtures / exit signs• Consumer electronics• Office equipment• Heating and cooling equipment• New homes• Windows• Transformers• Roof products• Water coolers• Dehumidifiers• Traffic signals
ENERGY STAR - The latest
• Under Development– Commercial solid
door refrigerators and freezers
– Ventilation fans– Ceiling fans– Telephony
• Being explored– Air purifiers– Motors– Unitary HVAC– Vending machines
Developing an Effective Label
• Energy and environmental analysis
• Market research and design analysis
• Specification development (in cooperation with stakeholders)
Criteria for Product Selection
• Significant energy savings potential• Efficiency would be cost-effective• Performance is maintained or enhanced• Efficiency can be achieved with non-
proprietary technology• Product differentiation and testing are
feasible• Labeling would be effective in the market
Supporting the Label
• Publicity and consumer education
• Marketing tools and financing
• Recognition of manufacturer efforts with annual awards
• Strengthening the links within product distribution networks
• Purchasing tools
Why ENERGY STAR Works
• Adds value to products & services
• Simple --- consistent platform
• Flexible --- partners can take ownership
• Builds on existing market structures
ENERGY STAR is Simple
• One program – Unified web site www.energystar.gov– Unified Partnership Agreement
• Enhanced brand management– Unified set of logos– One promotional message
• ENERGY STAR makes it easy to make a difference in protecting the environment while saving money
Success of ENERGY STAR
• Widespread and growing participation– More than 1,600 manufacturer partners– More than 11,000 product models that comply
with ENERGY STAR specifications– 100 companies that provide electricity to
nearly 47% of households– more than 7,100 stores in 50 states and
Puerto Rico– 33 state and local governments require
purchase of ENERGY STAR labeled products
Impact of ENERGY STAR
• 41% of Americans recognize the ENERGY STAR label
• Improvements in the design and energy efficiency of products
• 530 Million ENERGY STAR labeled products
sold (cumulatively) Resulting in:– Savings of $28.4 billion over their lifetime– Reduction of carbon emissions by 78 million
metric tons over their lifetime
Recap of October Meeting
• Why ENERGY STAR is interested in commercial refrigeration– Market observations– Potential for energy savings– Current activities: CEC, CSA, ACEEE, FSTC
• What a draft specification could be– Energy use equation– Solid door units only– Test according to ASHRAE 117
Recap of October Meeting
• Action Items– Examine ASHRAE 117 and
address loopholes
– Review product categorization
– Analyze CEC database to derive equations for energy use
CEC vs. ENERGY STAR
• CEC is setting minimum standards for energy efficiency for many products– Including commercial refrigeration– 2 tiers: 75% and 50%– Mandatory to sell in CA
• ENERGY STAR is voluntary– Highlights top energy performers
(~25%)– Nationwide program
Draft Eligibility Criteria
• Product specific information– Definitions, qualifying products, energy-
efficiency specifications, and testing protocol
• One element of the Partnership Agreement– Signed by manufacturer– Contains standard language
• Partner commitments• Logo Use Guidelines
Definitions
• Commercial Refrigeration Cabinet: A refrigerator, freezer, or combination refrigerator-freezer for storing food products or other perishable items at specified temperatures and designed for use by commercial or institutional facilities.
• Commercial Refrigerator: A cabinet designed for storing food or other perishable items at temperatures above 32°F and below 40°F.
• Commercial Freezer: A reach-in cabinet designed for storing food or other perishable items at temperatures below 0°F and above -5°F.
Definitions (continued)
• Commercial Refrigerator-Freezer: A cabinet with two or more compartments, at least one of which is designed for storing food or other perishable items at temperatures above 32°F and below 40°F and at least one of which is designed for storing food or other perishable items at temperatures below 0°F and above -5°F.
• Ice Cream Freezer: A commercial cabinet designed for storing food or other perishable items at temperatures below -5°F.
Definitions (continued)
• Energy Consumption: The energy required to maintain the contents at a specified temperature for a 24-hour period.
• Initial Product Temperature: The temperature of a test package at the beginning of the performance test.
• Maximum Product Temperature: The highest temperature of any test package during the performance test.
Qualifying Products
• Reach-In Cabinet: An upright commercial refrigeration cabinet with one to three solid doors, but not including undercounter, roll-in, roll-through, or pass-through cabinets.
• Undercounter Cabinet: An upright commercial refrigeration cabinet with one to three solid doors intended for installation under a counter and is thermally isolated from the counter.
Qualifying Products (cont’d)
• Roll-in or Roll-through Cabinet: An upright commercial refrigeration cabinet with one to three solid doors that allows wheeled racks of product to be rolled into or through the refrigerator or freezer.
• Pass-through Cabinet: An upright commercial refrigeration cabinet with one to three solid sliding or hinged doors on both the front and rear of the refrigerator or freezer.
Test Criteria
ASHRAE Standard 117-1992, “Method of Testing Closed
Refrigerators”Solid-door refrigerator: initial product temp. 381F
maximum product temp. 40F
Solid-door freezer: initial product temp. 01Fmaximum product temp. 2F
Ice cream cabinet: initial product temp. -51Fmaximum product temp. 0F
Reach-In Refrigerators, Roll-In/Thru, Pass-Thru, Undercounter (Solid Door) February 2001 CEC database (105 Units)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Internal Volume (cubic feet)
En
erg
y C
on
su
mp
tio
n (
kW
-hr/
da
y)
Refrig
Roll-in/thru
Pass-thru
Undercounter
Reach-In Freezers -- Solid DoorFebruary 2001 CEC Database (30 Units)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Internal Volume (cubic feet)
En
erg
y C
on
su
mp
tio
n (
kW
-hr/
da
y)
Combo Reach-In Refrigerator-Freezers -- Solid DoorFebruary 2001 CEC Database (19 Units)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Adjusted Volume (cubic feet)
En
erg
y C
on
su
mp
tio
n (
kW
-hr/
da
y)
Ice Cream Cabinets -- Solid DoorFebruary 2001 CEC Database (22 Units)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Internal Volume (cubic feet)
En
erg
y C
on
su
mp
tio
n (
kW
-hr/
da
y)
Energy-Efficiency Specs
ProductCategory
Energy Use Under TestConditions*
Refrigerators 0.10V + 2.04 kW-hours/day
Freezers 0.40V + 1.38 kW-hours/day
Refrigerator-Freezers 0.27AV - 0.71 kW-hours/day
Ice Cream Freezers 0.39V + 0.82 kW-hours/day
V = Internal volume in ft3
AV = Adjusted volume (1.63 freezer volume in ft3) + refrigerator volume in ft3
* Derived from data contained in the CEC data base as of February 2001.
Comparison of Standards/Specifications
Type
Calculated Annual Energy Consumption Levels (kW-hr/yr)
CSA Draft Standard CEC Draft Standard Energy StarSpecificationStd Eff. High Eff. July 2002 July 2004
Refrigerator(25 ft3 volume)
2,485 1,820 2,681 2,148 1,657
Freezer(25 ft3 volume)
5,230 2,630 4,665 4,464 4,154
ComboRefrigerator-Freezer(30 ft3 adj. volume)
4,660 3,680 3,451 3,093 2,697
Ice Cream(15 ft3 volume)
2,560 1,925 -- -- 2,435
Type
Calculated Annual Energy Consumption Levels (kW-hr/yr)
CSA Draft Standard CEC Draft Standard Energy StarSpecificationStd Eff. High Eff. July 2002 July 2004
Refrigerator(25 ft3 volume)
2,485 1,820 2,681 2,148 1,657
Freezer(25 ft3 volume)
5,230 2,630 4,665 4,464 4,154
ComboRefrigerator-Freezer(30 ft3 adj. volume)
4,660 3,680 3,451 3,093 2,697
Ice Cream(15 ft3 volume)
2,560 1,925 -- -- 2,435
Type
Calculated Annual Energy Consumption Levels (kW-hr/yr)
CSA Draft Standard CEC Draft Standard Energy StarSpecificationStd Eff. High Eff. July 2002 July 2004
2,485 1,820 2,681 2,148
Effective Date
• Date as of which Partners may begin to use the label on qualifying products
• To be determined
Next Steps
• Address comments/revise eligibility criteria• Finalize eligibility criteria• Develop qualifying product information sheet• Distribute customized Partnership Agreements • Plan for launch of ENERGY STAR for
Commercial Solid Door Refrigerators and Freezers– NAFEM September 2001?
