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Energy Transforma.ons Energy transforma.on is the process of changing energy from one form to another.

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Page 1: Energy’Transformaons’mslewicki.weebly.com/uploads/9/7/6/9/97693332/energy...in’creang’electricity’from’wind,’water’and’steam’ power. The generator converts The

Energy  Transforma.ons  

Energy  transforma.on  is  the  process  of  changing  energy  from  one  form  to  

another.    

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What  does  “Transform”  mean?  Someone  explain  what  a  transformer  is  or  does?  

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So  if  transform  means  to  “change”…  •  Energy  can  be  changed  from  one  type  to  another.    For  example,  as  water  falls  over  a  waterfall,  its  gravita.onal  poten.al  energy  is  first  transformed  into  kine.c  energy  

•  Now  let’s  explore  the  idea  that  energy  changes  from  one  form  to  another.  

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Forms  of  Energy  are  once  again:    

Chemical    

Electrical    

Radiant    

Mechanical    

Thermal    

Nuclear  nuclear

electrical mechanical

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Examples  of  Energy  Transforma.ons  

•  Due  to  the  Law  of  Conserva.on  of  Energy,  energy  cannot  be  created  nor  destroyed.    Meaning,  energy  just  changes  forms!  

•  Let’s  go  through  the  examples  on  the  right.  

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Natural  Energy  Transforma.ons  Sunlight  (radiant)  converts  to  chemical  energy  in  plants  through  

the  process  of  photosynthesis  

Trees  then  use  this  chemical  energy  to  grow.  And  we  can  use  this  energy  as  biomass!!    

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Machine  or  man-­‐made  transforma.ons:  

•  Electric  motors,  such  as  those  in  power  tools,  blenders,  and  washing  machines,  convert  electrical  energy  into  mechanical  energy  through  the  interac.on  of  magne.c  fields.  

When  you  plug  in  a  drill  (electrical),  this  ac.vates  the  magne.c  field,  which  turns  the  motor.    The  motor  causes  the  drill  to  move!  (mechanical  energy)  

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Energy  transforma.ons  can    be  mul.-­‐stepped:  

•  A  hairdryer:  electricalà  mechanicalà  thermal  

•  A  flashlight:  chemicalà  electricalà  radiant  

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Let’s  take  this  one  step  further:  What  are  the  energy  transforma.ons  in  an                  hydro-­‐electrical  power  plant?  

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What  is  a  turbine?  •  A  turbine  has  blades  at  one  end  and  electromagnets  at  the  other  which  create  electricity  as  the  blades  move.  Turbines  are  used  in  crea.ng  electricity  from  wind,  water  and  steam  power.  

The generator converts The mechanical energy to Electrical energy.

The water spins the blades of the turbine, turning the shaft (pole).

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Hydro-­‐power  1.  Water  flows  down  and  turns  the  blades  of  the  turbine  

2.  The  shaU  of  the  turbine  spins  

3.  The  generator  stores  the  power  that  is  converted  from  mechanical  to  electrical  energy.  

4.  Power  lines  carry  the  electricity  away  

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The  energy  transforma.ons  in  an  (coal-­‐based)electrical  power  plant:  

•  Coal  is  burnedà  Water  is  heated  à  Steam  turns  the  blades  of  a  turbineà  Turbine  spins  coil  in  generatorà  Generator  produces  electricity  

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Summary  

•  Understand  that  energy  exists  in  a  cycle  and  transforms  from  one  form  to  another.  

•  Energy  transforma.ons  can  be  natural  or  man-­‐made.  

•  Energy  transforma.ons  can  be  simple  or  complex  with  a  just  few  steps  or  many  steps.  

•  When  we  take  a  form  of  energy  and  change  it  into    usable  electricity,  a  TURBINE  is  used.    This  device  changes  the  energy  by  rota.ng  it.  

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The  energy  transforma4ons  in  an  (coal-­‐based)  electrical  power  plant:  

1.  What  is  burned?  ________________________.    What  type  of  energy  transforma.on    occurs?  _________________________  

2.  Water  is  ____________  from  the  released  energy.  

3.  Steam  does  what?  ______________________________________________________.  

4.  Turbine  spins  the  _________________  in  a  generator  

5.  The  generator  makes  ______________________________________.