Engineering and Technical Services for Joint Group on …infohouse.p2ric.org/ref/05/04691.pdf · · 2006-09-06Joint Propulsion Coordinating Committee ... elimination, substitution,

Engineering and TechnicalServices for Joint Group onAcquisition PollutionPrevention (JG-APP) PilotProjects

Potential Alternatives ReportJP-A-1-1

Alternatives to Lead-Containing Dry FilmLubricants for Antigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, andAssembly Aid Applications

September 3, 1998

Contract No. DAAA21-93-C-0046Task No. N.072CDRL No. A004

Prepared byNational Defense Center for Environmental Excellence (NDCEE)

Operated by Concurrent Technologies Corporation

Engineering and Technical Servicesfor Joint Group on Acquisition Pollution Prevention

(JG-APP) Pilot Projects

Potential Alternatives ReportJP-A-1-1

Alternatives to Lead-Containing Dry Film Lubricantsfor Antigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, and

Assembly Aid Applications

September 3, 1998

Distribution Statement “A” applies.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Contract No. DAAA21-93-C-0046Task No. N.072CDRL No. A004

Prepared by:National Defense Center for Environmental Excellence (NDCEE)

Operated by: Concurrent Technologies Corporation (CTC)100 CTC Drive

Johnstown, PA 15904-1935

Potential Alternatives Report i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

PREFACE ................................................................................................................................. iii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY........................................................................................................ iv

1. INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................1

2. BASELINE PROCESS ...................................................................................................52.1. Baseline Process Equipment, Material and Energy Usage, and Waste and Emission

Estimates .............................................................................................................72.2. ESOH Status for the Baseline Process..................................................................8

2.2.1. Environmental Issues ................................................................................92.2.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues.................................................... 11

3. IDENTIFIED ALTERNATIVES AND PRELIMINARY SCREENING ....................... 15

4. PROCESS DESCRIPTIONS FOR VIABLE ALTERNATIVES.................................... 18

5. PRELIMINARY ESOH ANALYSIS OF VIABLE ALTERNATIVES.......................... 225.1. Environmental Issues.......................................................................................... 225.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ............................................................... 22

6. SELECTION OF POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES....................................................... 25

7. SUMMARY.................................................................................................................. 26

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. General Flow of Baseline DFL Process.................................................................5Figure 2. Flow of Viable Alternative DFL Process............................................................. 18

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. JG-APP/PEWG Target HazMat Summary .................................................................3Table 2. Baseline Material and Energy Usage ..........................................................................8Table 3. Baseline DFL Wastes and Emissions Estimate............................................................8Table 4. Toxicity Ratings for Currently Used Products .......................................................... 11Table 5. Exposure Ratings for Currently Used Products ........................................................ 12Table 6. Summary of Environmental, Safety, and Occupational Health Analysis of

Currently Used DFLs ............................................................................................... 13Table 7. Preliminary Screening Criteria.................................................................................. 15

ii Potential Alternatives Report

Table 8. Viable Alternative DFLs........................................................................................... 16Table 9. Nonlead DFL Estimated Material and Energy Usage ................................................ 20Table 10. Nonlead DFL Wastes and Emissions Summary......................................................... 21Table 11. Summary Results for Viable Alternative DFL Environmental, Safety, and

Occupational Health Analysis................................................................................... 23Table 12. Potential Alternative DFLs....................................................................................... 25

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix A. Description of Currently Used Dry Film LubricantsAppendix B. Environmental, Safety, and Occupational Health (ESOH) Analysis of Currently

Used Dry Film LubricantsAppendix C. Product Identification (Identified Alternatives)Appendix D. Preliminary Environmental, Safety, and Occupational Health (ESOH) Analysis of

Viable Alternative Dry Film LubricantsAppendix E. References

Products and companies mentioned here may be the trademarks of their respective owners.

Potential Alternatives Report iii

PREFACE

This report was prepared by Concurrent Technologies Corporation (CTC) through the NationalDefense Center for Environmental Excellence (NDCEE) under Contract NumberDAAA21-93-C-0046. This report was prepared on behalf of, and under guidance provided by theJoint Group on Acquisition Pollution Prevention (JG-APP) through the Joint Pollution PreventionAdvisory Board (JPPAB) and the Propulsion Environmental Working Group (PEWG). Thestructure, format, and depth of the report’s technical content were determined by the JPPAB,PEWG, government contractors, and other government technical representatives in response tothe specific needs of this project.

We wish to thank the invaluable contributions provided by the participants involved in thecreation of this document.

iv Potential Alternatives Report

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The PEWG is a tri-service forum established to help resolve environmental issues common toaircraft engine users and manufacturers. The five original equipment manufacturers (OEMs)participating in PEWG are Allison Engine Company, AlliedSignal Engines, General ElectricAircraft Engines, Pratt & Whitney-United Technologies Corporation, and Williams International.These five manufacturers currently apply dry film lubricants (DFLs) in aircraft engines to preventgalling, fretting, and seizing at temperatures up to 1400°F, and to aid in assembly of the enginesby providing lubrication and protecting against nicks and scratches. These DFLs are applied to awide variety of metal substrates. Many of the DFLs currently used by these manufacturerscontain lead or other materials that cause environmental or health concerns.

This Potential Alternatives Report (PAR) provides technical analyses of identified alternatives tothe current DFLs, criteria used to select alternatives for further analysis, and a list of thosealternatives recommended for testing.

Sixty-nine nonlead DFLs were initially identified through literature searches and direct vendorinquiries in late 1996 and early 1997. Information about technical and environmental, safety andoccupational health (ESOH) characteristics of the identified alternative DFLs was provided by themanufacturers and distributors. The project technical representatives defined preliminaryscreening criteria which were then used to select 37 viable alternative DFLs to be consideredfurther.

The ESOH characteristics of the 37 viable alternatives were analyzed and summarized. Theproject technical representatives used the summary of ESOH characteristics and technicaljudgement to select 13 potential alternatives that are recommended for testing in accordance withthe Joint Test Protocol (JP-P-1-1) for Validation of Alternatives to Lead-Containing Dry FilmLubricants for Antigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, and Assembly Aid Applications, datedOctober 1, 1997. The results of this testing will be reported in the Joint Test Report (JP-R-1-1)for Validation of Alternatives to Lead-Containing Dry Film Lubricants forAntigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, and Assembly Aid Applications.

It has been estimated that an “average” aircraft engine manufacturing facility will useapproximately 140 gal of DFL each year. The exact economic impact of using nonlead DFLs inthe production of aircraft engines will depend on such factors as the DFL used and the individualcharacteristics of the facilities applying the DFL.

Potential Alternatives Report 1

1. INTRODUCTION

This project is being conducted under the auspices of the Joint Group on AcquisitionPollution Prevention (JG-APP) and the Propulsion Environmental Working Group(PEWG). The main goal of this project is to eliminate lead as found in dry film lubricants(DFLs) used in aircraft engines. The participants in this project chose secondary goals ofreducing or eliminating volatile organic compounds (VOCs), antimony, cadmium, andcarcinogenic chemicals found in DFLs used in aircraft engines.

Joint Group on Acquisition Pollution Prevention: The Joint Logistics Commanders(JLC) chartered the JG-APP to coordinate joint service activities affecting pollutionprevention issues identified during a defense system’s acquisition process. The primaryobjectives of JG-APP are to:

• Reduce or eliminate the use of hazardous materials (HazMats)• Avoid duplication of efforts in actions required to reduce or eliminate

HazMats through joint service cooperation and technology sharing.

The focus of JG-APP is on contractor design, manufacturing, and remanufacturinglocations, with transfer of technology to the Sustainment Community.

The Propulsion Environmental Working Group: The PEWG is a tri-service forumestablished in 1991 by the Air Force Propulsion Product Group Manager (PPGM) and theJoint Propulsion Coordinating Committee (JPCC) to resolve common environmentalissues and facilitate technical interchange between System Program Offices (SPOs),Development System Offices (DSOs), engine contractors, engine users/customers, PPGMand tri-service team members. It serves as the hazardous material managementsubcommittee of the JPCC. Its goal is to integrate pollution prevention into the systemsengineering process by facilitating the identification, tracking, elimination, substitution,and minimization of HazMats on all programs supported by team members. It is intendedto assist Integrated Product Teams (IPTs) and engine programs in managingenvironmental and HazMat related issues. The original equipment manufacturers (OEMs)involved with this JG-APP/PEWG project are Allison Engine Company, AlliedSignalEngines, General Electric Aircraft Engines (GEAE), Pratt & Whitney-UnitedTechnologies Corporation (P&W-UTC), and Williams International.

The purpose of this Potential Alternatives Report (PAR) is to identify the potentialalternatives recommended for testing in accordance with the related Joint Test Protocol(JTP), Joint Test Protocol (JP-P-1-1) for Validation of Alternatives to Lead-ContainingDry Film Lubricants for Antigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, and Assembly AidApplications, dated October 1, 1997.

As part of the JG-APP process to reduce HazMats, the JG-APP participants first identifythe HazMat, related process, and affected substrates or parts at an OEM facility. TheOEM provides information about the baseline process, and the information is

2 Potential Alternatives Report

supplemented by estimates as necessary. The baseline process information includesequipment requirements; material and energy usage; waste and emission generation; andenvironmental, safety, and occupational health (ESOH) issues. This baseline processinformation is documented in a PAR for comparison with identified alternative processes(refer to Section 2 and Appendices A and B).

Identifying and selecting alternative processes that have the potential to reduce theidentified HazMats can be a complicated task due to the fast pace at which newtechnologies emerge and the ever-increasing volume of published and unpublisheddocumentation. In the JG-APP process, a technology survey is usually performed toidentify commercially available or near commercially available alternative technologies.For the DFL project, the participants decided to restrict the investigation of candidatealternatives to dry (or solid) film lubricants. A search for DFLs was performed in lieu of abroad technology survey. Information about nonlead DFLs was requested frommanufacturers, and this information is documented in Appendix C.

Defense system and OEM technical representatives review technical information relatingto the identified candidate alternatives. Based on this information, they select a shortenedlist of viable candidate alternative products. The selection rationale and conclusions aredocumented in Section 3.

The selected viable products then undergo more in-depth technical and ESOH analyses.The technical analysis includes determining how well the alternatives match the OEMs’operations and future needs. A summary of the expected additional equipment, materialand energy usage, and waste and emission generation for the alternatives is provided forcomparison with the current process (refer to Section 4). The preliminary ESOH analysisprovides an initial qualitative assessment of viable alternatives, identifying conspicuousESOH issues that may be a factor when selecting an alternative to the current process(refer to Section 5 and Appendix D).

After reviewing the technical and ESOH analyses, defense system and OEM technicalrepresentatives jointly selected potential alternatives for testing in accordance with theJoint Test Protocol (JP-P-1-1) for Validation of Alternatives to Lead-Containing DryFilm Lubricants for Antigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, and Assembly Aid Applications,dated October 1, 1997, which was developed by consensus of the participants (refer toSection 6). The test results will be reported in the Joint Test Report (JP-R-1-1) forValidation of Alternatives to Lead-Containing Dry Film Lubricants for Antigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, and Assembly Aid Applications.

Table 1 lists the target HazMat, process/material, applications, current specifications,affected programs, and affected parts/substrates.


Table 1. JG-APP/PEWG Target HazMat Summary

TargetHazMat

Lead contained in DFLsSecondary target HazMats: VOCs, antimony, cadmium, andcarcinogenic chemicals

CurrentProcess/Material

DFLs (Solid Film Lubricants)

Applications Lubricants for aiding assembly and subsequent disassembly of matedparts (antiseizing) and/or for antigalling/antifretting

CurrentSpecifications

MIL-F-7179, MIL-L-23398, MIL-L-45983, MIL-L-46010,MIL-L-46147, MIL-L-81329, AMS 2525, AMS 3084, AS 1701,A50TF9, A50TF79, A50TF147, A50TF150, A50TF159,A50TF170, A50TF171, A50TF174, A50TF192, A50TF279,EMS 5248, EMS 5402, EMS 27605, EMS 27608, EMS 27610,EMS 27615, EMS 27628, EPS 11705, EPS 11706, EPS 11708,EPS 11709, EPS 11710, EPS 11712, EPS 11715, EPS 11718,EPS 11720, F50TF42, F50TF58/70, F50TF88, GM6078M,PWA 586

AffectedProgramsa

F100 in F-15 and F-16; F101 in B-1B; F103 in KC-10; F107 incruise missile; F108 in KC-135R; F110 in F-14 and F-16; F112 incruise missile; F117 in C-17; F118 in B-2 and U-2; F119 in F-22;F404/F414 in F/A-18 and F-117A; LM1600; LM2500 in AOE-6,CG-47, DD-963, DD-993, DDG-51, and FFG-7; LM6000; J52 inA-4, A-6, and EA-6; T53 in UH-1H and AH-1S; T55 in CH-47 andMH-47; T56 in C-130, E-2, and P-3; T64 in NH-53; T406 in V-22and C-130J; T700 in UH-60 and AH-64; T800 in Cheyenne; TF30in F-14 and EF-111; TF33 in B-52, C-141, and KC-135; TF34 in A-10 and OA-10; TF39 in C-5; TF40 in LCAC

AffectedParts/Substrates

• Threaded fasteners, compressor and turbine discs and bladeroots

• Aluminum: 2024• Cobalt: Haynes 188, MP159• Magnesium: AMS 4375• Nickel: Hastelloy X, AMS 5664, Inconel 718, Waspaloy• Steel: A-286, AISI 4340, Greek Ascoloy, AM-355, 17-4PH,

AMS 5617, AISI 304, AISI 321, AISI 347• Titanium: Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-8-1-1

a This table reflects families of engines; various models are included that are used on a number ofplatforms.

The Joint Test Protocol (JP-P-1-1) for Validation of Alternatives to Lead-ContainingDry Film Lubricants for Antigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, and Assembly AidApplications, dated October 1, 1997, contains the tests necessary to qualify potentialalternatives to the selected target HazMat and process, for particular applications. The


requirements in the Joint Test Protocol (JP-P-1-1) for Validation of Alternatives to Lead-Containing Dry Film Lubricants for Antigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, and AssemblyAid Applications, dated October 1, 1997, were identified by the OEMs participating in theJG-APP/PEWG effort for five application categories as defined below:

• AD - short-term assembly-aid applications, DFL used during assembly toprevent seizing and protect parts from nicks and scratches, DFLs for thisapplication are usually applied by aerosol spray and are allowed to brieflyair dry prior to assembly

• LG - low-temperature antigalling/antifretting applications (up to 850°F),DFL used to protect part surfaces against sliding and oscillating wear

• LS - low-temperature antiseizing applications (up to 850°F), DFL appliedto threaded fasteners at assembly to facilitate subsequent disassembly

• HG - high-temperature antigalling/antifretting applications(850°F to 1400°F), DFL used to protect part surfaces against sliding andoscillating wear

• HS - high-temperature antiseizing applications (850°F to 1400°F), DFLapplied to threaded fasteners at assembly to facilitate subsequentdisassembly.

Each potential alternative DFL will also be associated with the application category(ies)for which it is best suited, and should only be subjected to the appropriate tests.


2. BASELINE PROCESS

DFLs are used to lubricate metal surfaces in environments or under operating conditionsfor which conventional lubricants are not satisfactory. DFLs can serve as antiseizecoatings for threaded parts and other assemblies that may not move for long periods oftime. They can also serve as antigalling/antifretting coatings for closely mated partssubjected to vibrational movements.

A number of different DFLs are used by the participants in the JG-APP/PEWG project.These products may be bulk liquid materials, or may be supplied in aerosol cans. Theingredients of these DFLs vary, but each DFL consists of a solid portion, which is thecoating after curing, and a portion that evaporates, which may be composed of waterand/or organic solvents. Brief descriptions of these products may be found inAppendix A. The descriptions below are based on a hypothetical “typical” DFLapplication process, and do not directly relate to the exact process(es) used by any of theOEMs participating in the JG–APP/PEWG nonlead DFL project.

A general process flow diagram for application of DFLs is shown in Figure 1. The term“parts” in the figure refers to threaded fasteners, compressor and turbine discs, and bladeroots to be coated with DFL prior to incorporation into aircraft engines.

QUALITYCHECK

Parts

CureParts

Clean ApplyDFL

Parts

VOCs

Pretreat

PretreatmentMaterials

Parts Parts

HazardousWastea

PartsAccepted

StrippingMaterials

STRIPat operatordiscretion

VOCs

VOCs

Parts toReprocess

VOCs

VOCs

DFL

PartsRejected

HazardousWastea

HazardousWastea

a The majority of the baseline DFLs contain at least one ingredient which is likely to cause theassociated waste to be considered hazardous.

Figure 1. General Flow of Baseline DFL Process


The DFL application process consists of several steps, which will vary from one OEM toanother and may also vary depending on what parts are being coated. In general, thesesteps include surface preparation, application of DFL, curing, and inspection. Those partsfailing inspection are stripped and reprocessed.

Surfaces to which DFLs are applied must be free of all traces of preservative coatings,oils, greases, and other contaminating films. Most organic contaminants are removed withliberal application of solvents (aqueous or organic based). After cleaning, smooth surfacesmay be roughened by grit blasting. Parts are thoroughly cleaned after grit blasting toremove all traces of contaminants and then pretreated. Different metals require differentpretreatments prior to the application of DFL. In general, aluminum and aluminum alloysare anodized in accordance with Military Specification MIL-A-8625F (Anodic Coatingsfor Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys, dated September 10, 1993); carbon and alloy steelare given a phosphate coating in accordance with Military Specification DOD-P-16232F(Phosphate Coatings, Heavy, Manganese or Zinc Base [for Ferrous Metals], amendment1 dated September 9, 1992). Other metal substrates have different pretreatmentrequirements. Parts to which DFLs will be applied must be thoroughly cleaned after anyrequired surface pretreatment.

Wastes generated during surface preparation include spent solvents, spent grit, spentpretreatment chemicals, used rags and gloves, and atmospheric emissions of volatilesolvents. Materials used in surface preparation will not change significantly if nonleadDFLs are substituted for the current DFLs.

DFLs are applied by brushing, spraying, and/or dipping; some of the currently used DFLsare supplied in aerosol cans and sprayed from the cans. Spraying and brushing are the twomost common application methods. Best results are usually obtained with a spray gun.The DFL is thinned with solvents such as water, toluene, denatured alcohol, or methylethyl ketone (MEK) to the desired viscosity. The admixed DFL is then applied to the partor parts. Annual quantities of DFLs used vary from one facility to another dependingupon production demands.

Wastes generated during DFL application include waste DFL and solvents, used spraybooth filters, brushes, and other applicators. Some masking materials such as tape, ifused, may also become wastes. DFLs containing lead as well as other waste materialscontaminated with these DFLs may be classified by the United States EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA) as hazardous wastes. Waste quantity will be a function ofoperating practices.

Air-dry DFLs are allowed to cure for the specified times in a clean, dry place. Heat-curedDFLs are baked in a circulating oven. Compounds contained in the admixed DFLs thatare volatile at curing temperatures will be liberated during the curing process.Atmospheric emissions of some of these volatile compounds may be limited by federal,state, or local environmental regulations. Curing temperature and time will depend on the


specific DFL used; for the purposes of further analysis, it will be assumed that the“average” DFL used is cured by baking in a circulating oven at 350°F for 1.5 hours.

DFL-coated parts are inspected visually to ensure that the DFL coating appears uniform incolor; smooth; and free of cracks, scratches, pinholes, blisters, bubbles, runs, sags, foreignmatter, grit, rough particles, separation of ingredients, and other surface imperfections.Any parts that are defective are stripped, cleaned, and recoated. The parts may bestripped by grit blasting, solvent immersion, or solvent wiping, depending on thecharacteristics of the individual DFL and the part to which it was applied.

2.1. Baseline Process Equipment, Material and Energy Usage, and Waste andEmission Estimates

Baseline process equipment used for surface preparation and DFL application mayinclude grit blast booths, cleaning/degreasing tanks, pretreatment tanks, spraybooths, spray guns, and curing ovens. The exact equipment used varies from oneOEM to another, and is not expected to change with implementation of nonleadDFLs.

For the purposes of this analysis, the following assumptions were made about thebaseline DFL application process.

• Approximately 140 gallons (gal) of DFL will be consumed per year,with 30% of the total DFL wasted.

• Approximately 70 gal of liquid DFL is sprayed from a5.5 horsepower turbine high-volume, low-pressure (HVLP) systemwith a capacity of approximately 3 gal of DFL per hour.

• Approximately 40 pounds (lb) of rags, gloves, filters, brushes, andother miscellaneous materials are used each year during DFLapplication.

The materials used and energy consumed by DFL operations, based on theassumptions described above, are summarized in Table 2.


Table 2. Baseline Material and Energy Usage

Material Quantity/Year

DFL (supplied as liquid) 140 gal

Rags, gloves, solvents, brushes, etc. 40 lb

Energy Quantity/Year

Electricity for HVLP spray equipment 100 kilowatt-hour (kW-hr)

Natural gas for curing oven 600,000 cubic feet (ft3)

Each gallon of a baseline DFL will produce 2 lb to 6 lb of cured coating (solids).The VOC content of the baseline DFLs ranges from 0 lb/gal to nearly 7 lb/gal,although only a few of the baseline DFLs contain zero VOCs. For the purposes ofthis analysis, it was assumed that the “average” DFL contains 4 lb/gal of solids,and 4 lb/gal VOCs. A summary of the wastes and emissions from an example DFLapplication operation is presented in Table 3.

Table 3. Baseline DFL Wastes and Emissions Estimate

Waste Quantity/Year

Waste DFLa 160 lb (solid portion of 40 gal)

Soiled rags, used gloves, spent solvents,brushes, etc.a

40 lb

Emissions Quantity/Year

VOCs (solvent) 560 lba The majority of the baseline DFLs contain at least one ingredient which is likely to cause the

associated waste to be considered hazardous.

2.2. ESOH Status for the Baseline Process

The targeted HazMat for elimination from DFLs is lead. Lead is reported by theEPA as one of the 17 chemicals that are high-risk priority chemicals. Whenforecasting regulations, the chemicals on the “EPA-17” are most likely to beregulated more strictly in the future. In addition, lead compounds are hazardousair pollutants (HAPs) under the Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments of 1990. EPAhas also established a National Ambient Air Quality Standard for lead.

A waste containing lead is subject to toxicity characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP) testing (a test that simulates leaching of chemicals) and may be considereda Resource Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA) hazardous waste number D008.Lead is listed as a toxic pollutant under the Clean Water Act (CWA). Lead is alsosubject to the reporting requirements of Section 313 of the Emergency Planning


and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) and Title 40 of the Code of FederalRegulations (CFR), Section 372.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set a permissibleexposure limit (PEL) for lead and the American Conference of GovernmentalIndustrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has set a time-weighted average threshold limitvalue (TLV) for lead. The PEL for lead is 0.05 milligrams per cubic meter(mg/m3) and the current TLV for lead, established in 1995, is also 0.05 mg/m3.ACGIH has also established Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) for lead. The BEIfor lead content in blood is 30 micrograms per liter (µg/l). Lead is also includedon OSHA’s list of select carcinogens.

An ESOH analysis of the baseline DFLs was performed as described inSections 2.2.1 and 2.2.2 of this PAR, and a summary of this analysis may be foundat the end of Section 2.2.2. Detailed descriptions of the ESOH characteristics ofthe baseline DFLs, and the source information for the summary, may be found inAppendix B. It should be noted that many of the baseline DFLs do not containlead, but the OEMs participating in the project determined that most of theseDFLs have other undesirable characteristics, so that searching for potentialreplacements is a useful activity.

2.2.1. Environmental Issues

The baseline DFLs were evaluated to determine the extent of theirregulation under the major federal environmental laws. Using availableresources, each current DFL was evaluated based on the criteria listedbelow.

• Air Emissions: The constituents of each baseline DFL wereanalyzed to determine if they are regulated under the CAAas HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: Each currently usedDFL was evaluated to determine whether its use generatessolid waste, and if so, whether that waste may be regulatedas hazardous or otherwise, under Subtitle C of RCRA.

• Wastewater Discharges: Each baseline DFL was analyzedto determine whether its use would cause the discharge ofany wastewaters regulated under CWA. Chemicals may beregulated under the CWA by designation as hazardoussubstances; by identification as toxic, priority, orpretreatment pollutants; or by the establishment of effluentlimitations for the individual chemicals. Spills or otherdischarges into navigable waters of substances designated ashazardous under CWA Section 311 must be reported when


the amount discharged meets or exceeds the substance’sreportable quantity. Toxic and priority pollutants must betreated before they can be discharged to a publicly ownedtreatment works (POTW). Pretreatment pollutants mustundergo pretreatment to ensure that their discharge to aPOTW is compatible with the capabilities of that POTW.Effluent limitations in the CWA establish minimum levels oftreatment that are required for all direct dischargers in anindustry category based upon the application of variouscontrol technologies.

• Reporting Requirements: The current DFLs were examinedto determine whether any of the constituents are required tobe listed on Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) reports underSection 313 of EPCRA.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: Each currently used DFLwas assessed to determine if its constituents are listed ashazardous substances under the ComprehensiveEnvironmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act(CERCLA).

• EPA 17: The constituents of each baseline DFL werecompared to the EPA 17 list. Those substances on theEPA 17 list have been targeted by EPA because they arereleased in large quantities each year, they are generallyidentified as toxic or hazardous pollutants, and pollutionprevention practices have the potential to diminish releasesof these chemicals. The EPA 17 listed substances are likelyto be targeted for more stringent regulation.

This assessment only uses that information about each product that isreadily available from each product’s material safety data sheet (MSDS),technical data sheet, and other reference materials. Based on thisinformation, the regulatory impacts of baseline DFLs are not easilycompared, because it is not possible to say that a process that emits ahazardous waste sludge is any more or less desirable than a process thatemits a HAP. Therefore, it is not possible to categorize each of thebaseline DFLs based on some type of regulatory rating system. However,a DFL that has few regulated constituents is clearly preferable to one thathas many regulated constituents, so the extent to which a currently usedDFL is regulated should be considered as an element of the analysisprocess.


2.2.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues

The baseline DFLs were evaluated to determine the relative safety andoccupational health concerns caused by the toxicity and worker exposurecharacteristics of each DFL. Available information about the constituentsof each baseline DFL was used to generate toxicity ratings, exposureratings, and hazard ratings as described below.

Toxicity Rating: As part of the preliminary ESOH analysis, the baselineDFLs were qualitatively assessed for evident hazards (i.e., toxicity andexposure). Toxicity was qualitatively reviewed, and each product wasgiven a final toxicity rating. Toxicity ratings of high, medium, or low wereassigned to currently used products based on analysis of the availableliterature, the relative quantities of each constituent, and best professionaljudgement. Parameters reviewed included median lethal concentrations(LC50s) and/or median oral lethal doses (LD50s). The qualitative toxicityrating scheme for baseline products is summarized in Table 4.

Table 4. Toxicity Ratings for Currently Used Products

ToxicityRating

Descriptive Term LC50

(ppm)LD50 Single Dose,

(per kg body mass)High Highly Toxic < 50 < 50 mgMedium Moderately Toxic 50–50,000 50 mg–5 gLow Relatively Nontoxic > 50,000 > 5 g

Exposure Rating: Because ESOH hazard is a function of toxicity andexposure, a qualitative exposure rating scheme is also used. Exposureoccurs only when the potential exists for a receptor to directly contactreleased chemical constituents from the DFL, or if there is a mechanism forreleased constituents to be transported to a receptor. Each component(released constituents, mechanism of transport, point of contact, andpresence of a receptor) must be present for a complete exposure pathwayto exist. Without exposure, there is no risk; therefore, the exposureassessment is a key element when assessing potential risks associated witha baseline DFL. A complete state-of-the-art risk assessment for thecurrently used DFLs would be necessary for a reliable calculation ofexposure. Because this assessment is only intended to be a basis forevaluating the viable alternative products, a complete risk assessment wasnot performed.

Instead of a complete risk assessment, exposure level was qualitativelyreviewed, and each product given a final exposure rating. Exposure ratingsof high, medium, or low were assigned to baseline products based onanalysis of the available literature, the relative quantities of each


constituent, and best professional judgement. Parameters reviewedincluded OSHA promulgated PELs and the ACGIH TLVs. Threeexposure rating levels and associated TLV and PEL intervals were chosenbased on ACGIH recommendations. The qualitative exposure ratingscheme for currently used products is summarized in Table 5.

Table 5. Exposure Ratings for Currently Used Products

ExposureRating

Descriptive Term TLV(ppm)

PEL(ppm)

High High Exposure Level <100 <100Medium Moderate Exposure Level 100–500 100–500Low Relatively No Exposure Level >500 >500

Hazard Rating: A hazard rating designation of high, medium, or low wasgiven to each baseline product. For each component of a product, thehazard rating is the average of the toxicity rating and exposure rating. Ahazard rating was assigned to each product based on the component hazardratings, the relative quantities of each constituent, and best professionaljudgement. An ESOH discussion describing constituent-specificinformation and the hazard rating for each currently used DFL is presentedin Appendix B.

A summary of the ESOH analysis of the baseline DFLs is presented inTable 6. It should be noted that these judgements are based on availablescientific information. Also note that this assessment is based on a limitedscope and Concurrent Technologies Corporation (CTC) assumes noresponsibility for safe operation of technologies based on these hazardratings as outlined.


Table 6. Summary of Environmental, Safety, and Occupational Health Analysis of Currently Used DFLs

Product TR ER HR Air Emissions Wastes Generated Waste- TRI CERCLA EPA 17HAPs VOCs Solid Hazardous water Report HazSub List

C-200 High Temp.Lubricant

M M-H M 2 Yesa Yes Yes Yes 2 2 2

DOW CORNING®

321M L-M M 0 Yes U No No 0 0 0

Dag 213 M H M-H 4/3b Yes Yes Yes Yes 5/4b 5/4b 3/2b

Drilube No. 6A M M-H M 7/5c Yes Yes Yes Yes 7/5c 8/6c 4/3b

Ecoalube® 642 M H M-H 5 Yes Yes Yes Yes 7 7 4Everlube® 620C M M M 6/4c Yes Yes Yes Yes 7/5c 6/4c 3/2b

Everlube 9002 M M M 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 3 0K0548 GraphiteVarnish

M M-H M 1/0b Yes Yes Yes Yes 3/2b 3/2b 1/0b

Lube-Lok® 99A M M-H M-H 2/1d Yes Yes Yes Yes 2/1d 2/1d 2/0d

Lube-Lok 2006 M M-H M 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes 3 3 2Lube-Lok 2396 M L-M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Molydag 254 L-M M M 4 Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 4 3

TR = Toxicity Rating; ER = Exposure Rating; HR = Hazard RatingL = Low; L-M = Low to Medium; M = Medium; M-H = Medium to High; H = HighN/R = Not Rated (insufficient information)U = Unknowna The exact quantity of VOCs emitted during application of this DFL is unknown, but the presence of organic solvents in the DFL means that some

measurable quantity of VOCs is likely to be released.b One listed constituent is only present in trace quantities.c Two listed constituents are only present in trace quantities.d Concentrated Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant does not contain any regulated constituents, but it must be diluted with 6600 Solvent or with

dioxane. 6600 Solvent contains two substances (MEK and methylene chloride) that are HAPs, CERCLA hazardous substances, EPA 17 substances, andmust be reported on TRI reports; dioxane contains one substance (p-dioxane) that is HAP, a CERCLA hazardous substance, and must be reported on TRIreports.

(Table 6 continued on next page)


Table 6. Summary of Environmental, Safety, and Occupational Health Analysis of Currently Used DFLs (Continued)


Molykote® 3400ACorrosion ProtectiveCoating

M M M 6/4c Yesa Yes Yes Yes 6/4c 6/4c 4/3b

Molykote X-15Bonded Lubricant

N/R L L 0 No U No No 0 0 0

Perma-Slik® G M M M 4 Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 4 3RJ 143 M M M 0 No U No Yes 1 1 0Surf-Kote® A-1625 M M M 1 Yesa Yes Yes Yes 2 1 1Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A

M M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0

Tiolube 70 M L-M L-M 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 2 1Tiolube 75/75 L L L 1 Yes U No Yes 1 1 0Tiolube 460 L-M L-M L-M 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 2 1Tiolube 660-1 ESOH information not availableXylan® 1053/399A M M M 4 Yes Yes Yes Yes 6 5 3Zip-Chem D-5460Moly Dri-Lube

L-M M L-M 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes 3 1 1

TR = Toxicity Rating; ER = Exposure Rating; HR = Hazard RatingL = Low; L-M = Low to Medium; M = Medium; M-H = Medium to High; H = HighN/R = Not Rated (insufficient information)U = Unknowna The exact quantity of VOCs emitted during application of this DFL is unknown, but the presence of organic solvents in the DFL means that some

measurable quantity of VOCs is likely to be released.b One listed constituent is only present in trace quantities.c Two listed constituents are only present in trace quantities.d Concentrated Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant does not contain any regulated constituents, but it must be diluted with 6600 Solvent or with

dioxane. 6600 Solvent contains two substances (MEK and methylene chloride) that are HAPs, CERCLA hazardous substances, EPA 17 substances, andmust be reported on TRI reports; dioxane contains one substance (p-dioxane) that is HAP, a CERCLA hazardous substance, and must be reported on TRIreports.


3. IDENTIFIED ALTERNATIVES AND PRELIMINARY SCREENING

General knowledge of the range of operating conditions and required performancecharacteristics was used to identify an initial list of 69 lead-free DFLs and antiseize pastes(refer to Appendix C for descriptions of the identified alternatives). The technicalrepresentatives then applied the criteria listed in Table 7 to reduce the number ofalternative DFLs being considered.

Table 7. Preliminary Screening Criteria

Candidate DFL Property Acceptable CharacteristicsIngredients Lead (Pb) content below 100 ppm

No chromium (Cr)No cadmium (Cd)No antimony trioxide (Sb2O3)VOC content below 500 grams per liter (g/l) forproducts supplied as bulk liquidVOC content below 880 g/l or products supplied inaerosol cansNo carcinogens, with the exception that ethyl alcoholand quartz are acceptable ingredientsNo excluded solvents:

Methylene chloride (dichloromethane)Butyl cellosolve (2-butoxyethanol)Perchloroethylene (tetrachloroethylene)

Coefficient of Friction ≤ 0.13 for low-temperature applications≤ 0.20 for high-temperature applications

Applied Film Thickness 0.3 to 0.8 mil (0.0003 to 0.0008 inch)Number of Components 1Shelf Life ≥ 6 monthsRequired Surface Preparation Grit blast and clean with aqueous cleaner or

non-ozone-depleting solvent(s)Form as Supplied Bulk liquid or aerosol (in can); pastes will not be

consideredApplication Method Spray, dip, or brush; products that must be applied by

the vendor of product (no licensing of process) will notbe considered

Commercial Availability Available for long term; products in late developmentstage may be considered on a case-by-case basis

The reduced list of candidate alternatives is referred to as the viable alternatives. Theviable alternatives that met the preliminary screening criteria are listed in Table 8.


Table 8. Viable Alternative DFLs

Product Designation Manufacturer/Supplier0200 Dry Moly Lube Sherwin-Williams Co., Sprayon DivisionAlseal 311 Coatings for Industry, Inc.Alseal 333 Coatings for Industry, Inc.Alseal 360 Coatings for Industry, Inc.Alseal 380 Coatings for Industry, Inc.AMLUBE 555 AML Industries, Inc.AMLUBE 580 AML Industries, Inc.AMLUBE 582 AML Industries, Inc.DOW CORNING 321 Dow Corning CorporationDrilube #805N Drilube CompanyE/M®-1380B E/M CorporationEverlube 380D E/M CorporationEverlube 811 E/M CorporationEverlube 812 E/M CorporationEverlube Esnalube 382 E/M CorporationGleitmo 905 Fuchs Lubricants CompanyGR-640 Dixon Ticonderoga Co., Graphite &

Lubricant DivisionGW-330 Dixon Ticonderoga Co., Graphite &

Lubricant DivisionLubeCon® Series I/M Lubricant LubeCon Systems, Inc.Lube-Lok 22-T E/M CorporationLube-Lok 22-TG E/M CorporationLube-Lok 2306 E/M CorporationLube-Lok 2396 E/M CorporationLube-Lok 7400 E/M CorporationMcLube MoS2-108L McGee Industries, IncorporatedMcLube MoS2-900 McGee Industries, IncorporatedPerma-Slik C E/M CorporationPerma-Slik S E/M CorporationPermatex® Dry Moly Lubricant Loctite Corporation, Permatex Industrial

Division(Table 8 continued on next page)


Table 8. Viable Alternative DFLs (Continued)

Product Designation Manufacturer/SupplierSRA #1 Surfaces ResearchSRA #2 Surfaces ResearchSRA #3 Surfaces ResearchSurf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc.Tiolube 29 Tiodize Co., Inc.Tiolube 614-T9B Tiodize Co., Inc.Tiolube K14-T9B Tiodize Co., Inc.X-204 Fel-Pro® Chemical Products L.P.


4. PROCESS DESCRIPTIONS FOR VIABLE ALTERNATIVES

One of the criteria used to select the viable alternative DFLs was that the DFL be suppliedas a bulk liquid or in aerosol cans. This means that no significant changes in the DFLapplication process are expected to be caused by substitution of any viable alternative DFLfor the current DFL(s).

A general process flow diagram for application of nonlead DFLs is shown in Figure 2. Thisdiagram is similar to the process flow diagram describing the application of the baseline DFLs(Figure 1), except that it identifies the wastes as nonhazardous, because the majority of theviable alternative DFLs contain no ingredients that have been identified as contributing tohazardous wastes. The quantity of VOCs emitted from the process may decrease afterimplementation of one or more of the viable alternative nonlead DFLs, because thepreliminary screening criteria included an upper limit of 500 g/l (approximately 4 lb/gal) onVOC content of nonaerosol DFLs.

QUALITYCHECK

Parts

CureParts

Clean ApplyDFL

Parts

VOCs

Pretreat

PretreatmentMaterials

Parts Parts

NonhazardousWastea

PartsAccepted

StrippingMaterials

STRIPat operatordiscretion

VOCs

VOCs

Parts toReprocess

VOCs

VOCs

DFL

PartsRejected

NonhazardousWastea

NonhazardousWastea

a The majority of the viable alternative nonlead DFLs contain no ingredients that would cause theassociated wastes to be considered hazardous.

Figure 2. Flow of Viable Alternative DFL Process

The general application process used for the viable alternative DFLs is identical to thegeneral process described in Section 2 of this PAR. In general, the steps in this processinclude surface preparation, application of DFL, curing, and inspection. Those partsfailing inspection are stripped and reprocessed.


Surfaces to which DFLs are to be applied must be free of all traces of preservativecoatings, oils, greases, and other contaminating films. Most organic contaminants may beremoved with liberal application of solvents (aqueous or organic based). After cleaning,smooth surfaces may be roughened by grit blasting. Parts should be thoroughly cleanedafter grit blasting to remove all traces of contaminants and then pretreated. Metalsrequire surface pretreatments prior to the application of DFL; the surface pretreatmentrequired will be specific to the metal, the purpose of the part, and the DFL to be applied.Parts to which DFLs will be applied must be thoroughly cleaned after any requiredsurface pretreatment.

Wastes generated during surface preparation will include spent solvents, spent grit, spentpretreatment chemicals, used rags and gloves, and atmospheric emissions of volatilesolvents. The wastes generated (exclusive of the VOC emissions) are likely to benonhazardous because most of the viable alternative DFLs contain no ingredients thathave been identified as contributing to hazardous wastes.

DFLs should be applied by spraying, brushing, and/or dipping; some of the viablealternative DFLs are supplied in aerosol cans and should be sprayed from the cans. TheDFL may be thinned with solvents such as water or organic solvents to the desiredviscosity. The admixed DFL should then be applied to the part or parts.

Wastes generated during DFL application include waste DFL and solvents, used spraybooth filters, brushes, and other applicators. Some masking materials such as tape, ifused, may also become wastes. These wastes are likely to be nonhazardous because mostof the viable alternative DFLs contain no ingredients that have been identified ascontributing to hazardous wastes.

Air-dry DFLs should be allowed to cure for the manufacturer-specified times in a clean,dry place. Heat-cured DFLs should be baked in a circulating oven. Volatile (at curingtemperature) compounds contained in the admixed DFLs will be removed during thecuring process. Atmospheric emissions of some of these volatile compounds may belimited by federal, state, or local environmental regulations. Curing temperature and timewill depend on the specific DFL used; for the purposes of further analysis, it will beassumed that the “average” nonlead DFL used is cured by baking in a circulating oven at350°F for 1.5 hours.

DFL-coated parts should be inspected visually to ensure that the DFL coating appearsuniform in color; smooth; and free of cracks, scratches, pinholes, blisters, bubbles, runs,sags, foreign matter, grit, rough particles, separation of ingredients, and other surfaceimperfections. Any parts that are defective should be stripped, cleaned, and recoated.The parts may be stripped by grit blasting, solvent immersion, or solvent wiping,depending on the characteristics of the individual DFL and the part to which it wasapplied.


Process equipment used for surface preparation and DFL application may include gritblast booths, cleaning/degreasing tanks, pretreatment tanks, spray booths, spray guns,and curing ovens. The exact equipment used varies from one OEM to another, and is notexpected to change with implementation of nonlead DFLs.

For the purposes of this analysis, the following assumptions were made about the use ofnonlead DFLs.

• Approximately 140 gal of DFL will be consumed per year at one facility,with 30% of the total DFL wasted.

• Approximately 70 gal of liquid DFL is sprayed from a 5.5 horsepowerturbine HVLP system with a spraying capacity of approximately 3 gal ofDFL per hour.

• Approximately 40 lb of rags, gloves, filters, brushes, and othermiscellaneous materials are used each year during DFL application.

The materials used and energy consumed by DFL operations, based on the assumptionsdescribed above, are summarized in Table 9.

Table 9. Nonlead DFL Estimated Material and Energy Usage

Material Quantity/Year

DFL (supplied as liquid) 140 gal

Rags, gloves, solvents, brushes, etc. 40 lb

Energy Quantity/Year

Electricity for HVLP spray equipment 100 kW-hr

Natural gas for curing oven 600,000 ft3

For the purposes of this analysis, it was assumed that an average nonlead DFL willproduce 4 lb/gal cured coating (solids). The VOC content of the nonlead DFLs beingconsidered ranges from 0 lb/gal to 7 lb/gal, but many of the viable DFLs contain 0 lb/galVOC, so it was assumed that an average nonlead DFL contains 1.5 lb/gal VOCs. Asummary of the wastes and emissions from an example DFL application operation ispresented in Table 10.


Table 10. Nonlead DFL Wastes and Emissions Summary

Waste Quantity/Year

Waste DFLa 160 lb (solid portion of 40 gal)

Soiled rags, used gloves, spent solvents, brushes, etc.a 40 lb

Emissions Quantity/Year

VOCs (solvent) 210 lba Most of the viable alternative nonlead DFLs contain no ingredients that would cause the wastes to be

considered hazardous.

The substitution of nonlead DFLs for the baseline DFLs is not expected to require anycapital investment for modified equipment. Implementing a nonlead DFL to replace oneor more lead-containing DFLs may affect operating costs. Personal protective equipmentcosts, waste disposal costs, and productivity may all be affected by such a substitution.The effects on operating costs at any facility will depend on the current operatingpractices and the nonlead DFL(s) implemented.


5. PRELIMINARY ESOH ANALYSIS OF VIABLE ALTERNATIVES

As part of the selection of potential alternatives, each of the viable alternatives wasqualitatively assessed for associated ESOH concerns. This initial assessment wasconducted to determine whether there were any conspicuous ESOH issues that may needto be addressed when selecting alternatives for testing. The results of the ESOH analysisare contained in Appendix D and summarized in Table 11.

5.1. Environmental Issues

The viable alternatives were evaluated to determine the extent of their regulationunder the major federal environmental laws. Using available resources, eachalternative DFL was evaluated based on the criteria summarized below. Thesecriteria are described more fully in Section 2.2.1.

• Air Emissions: Each viable alternative was analyzed to determine ifit is regulated under the CAA as a HAP or a VOC.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: Each viable alternative wasevaluated to determine whether its use generates solid waste, and, ifso, whether that waste may be regulated, as hazardous orotherwise, under Subtitle C of RCRA.

• Wastewater Discharges: Each viable alternative was analyzed todetermine whether its use would cause the discharge of anywastewaters regulated under the CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: The viable alternatives were examined todetermine whether any of the constituents are required to be listedon TRI reports under Section 313 of EPCRA.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: Each viable alternative wasassessed to determine if its constituents are listed as hazardoussubstances under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: The constituents of each viable alternative DFL werecompared to the EPA 17 list.

5.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues

Each viable alternative was given a toxicity rating, exposure rating, and an overallhazard rating based on the criteria set forth in Section 2.2.2. Toxicity ratings ofhigh, medium, and low were assigned to candidate products based on analysis ofavailable parameters such as LC50s and LD50s. Exposure ratings of high, medium,and low were assigned to candidate products based on PELs promulgated byOSHA and the TLVs issued by the ACGIH. The hazard rating for each product isderived from the toxicity ratings and exposure ratings of each product constituent,and gives an overall ESOH rating to the viable alternative.


Table 11. Summary Results for Viable Alternative DFLEnvironmental, Safety, and Occupational Health Analysis


0200 Dry Moly Lube M L-M M 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes 3 2 1Alseal 311 M L-M M 0 Yes U No Yes 1 0 0Alseal 333 L L L 0 No U No No 0 0 0Alseal 360 M L-M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Alseal 380 N/R L L 0 No U No No 0 0 0AMLUBE 555 M L-M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0AMLUBE 580 N/R L L 0 No U No No 0 0 0AMLUBE 582 N/R L L 0 No U No No 0 0 0DOW CORNING 321 M L-M M 0 Yes U No No 0 0 0Drilube #805N L-M L-M L-M 0 No U No No 0 0 0E/M-1380B M M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Everlube 380D M M M 0 No U No Yes 2 1 0Everlube 811 M L-M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Everlube 812 M L L-M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Everlube Esnalube 382 M L L-M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Gleitmo 905 N/R L L 0 No U No No 0 0 0GR-640 M M M 1 Yesa Yes Yes Yes 1 1 1GW-330 M M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0LubeCon Series I/MLubricant

M L L-M 0 Yesa U No Yes 0 0 0

TR = Toxicity Rating; ER = Exposure Rating; HR = Hazard RatingL = Low; L-M = Low to Medium; M = Medium; M-H = Medium to High; H = High; N/R = Not Rated (insufficient information)U = Unknowna While the exact VOC content of this DFL is not currently known, the presence of at least one organic solvent in the formulation implies that a measurable

quantity of VOCs will be emitted during DFL application.(Table 11 continued on next page)


Table 11. Summary Results for Viable Alternative DFLEnvironmental, Safety, and Occupational Health Analysis (Continued)


Lube-Lok 22-T M L-M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Lube-Lok 22-TG M M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Lube-Lok 2306 M L L-M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Lube-Lok 2396 M L-M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Lube-Lok 7400 M M-H M-H 1 No Yes Yes Yes 2 1 1McLube MoS2-108L M M M 0 Yesa U No Yes 0 1 0McLube MoS2-900 M L-M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Perma-Slik C M M M 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 2 1Perma-Slik S M L-M M 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 2 1Permatex Dry MolyLubricant

M L-M M 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes 3 2 1

SRA #1 Information not availableSRA #2 Information not availableSRA #3 Information not availableSurf-Kote LOB-1800-GClass A

M M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0

Tiolube 29 M L-M M 0 No U No No 0 0 0Tiolube 614-T9B M M-H M 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes 3 1 0Tiolube K14-T9B Information not availableX-204 M M M 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes 1 1 1

TR = Toxicity Rating; ER = Exposure Rating; HR = Hazard RatingL = Low; L-M = Low to Medium; M = Medium; M-H = Medium to High; H = High; N/R = Not Rated (insufficient information)U = Unknowna While the exact VOC content of this DFL is not currently known, the presence of at least one organic solvent in the formulation implies that a measurable

quantity of VOCs will be emitted during DFL application.


6. SELECTION OF POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES

At a meeting held on August 14 and 15, 1997, the technical representatives discussed theviable alternatives that had been selected through use of the preliminary screening criteria.After considering such issues as environmental, safety, and health concerns and ease ofuse, the candidate DFLs in Table 12 below were recommended for testing in accordancewith the Joint Test Protocol (JP-P-1-1) for Validation of Alternatives to Lead-ContainingDry Film Lubricants for Antigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, and Assembly AidApplications, dated October 1, 1997, in the application categories noted. These DFLsrecommended for testing will be referred to as potential alternative DFLs.

Table 12. Potential Alternative DFLs

Product Manufacturer Application CategoriesAD LG LS HG HS

0200 Dry Moly Lube(aerosol only)

Sherwin-Williams Co.,Sprayon Division ü

Alseal 333 Coatings for Industry, Inc. ü üAlseal 360 Coatings for Industry, Inc. ü ü ü üAlseal 380 Coatings for Industry, Inc. üE/M-1380B E/M Corporation ü üEverlube 812 E/M Corporation ü üLube-Lok 7400 E/M Corporation üMcLube MoS2-108L(aerosol only)

McGee IndustriesIncorporated ü

McLube MoS2-900 McGee IndustriesIncorporated ü

SRA #1 Surfaces Research ü ü ü üSurf-Kote LOB-1800-GClass A

Hohman Plating & Mfg.,Inc.

ü ü

Tiolube 29 Tiodize Co., Inc. ü üTiolube 614-T9B Tiodize Co., Inc. ü ü ü ü

AD - Short-term assembly-aid applications, DFL used during assembly to prevent seizing and protectparts from nicks and scratches, DFLs for this application are usually applied by aerosol spray andare allowed to briefly air dry prior to assembly.

LG - Low-temperature antigalling/antifretting applications (up to 850°F), DFL used to protect partsurfaces against sliding and oscillating wear.

LS - Low-temperature antiseizing applications (up to 850°F), DFL applied to threaded fasteners atassembly to facilitate subsequent disassembly.

HG -High-temperature antigalling/antifretting applications (850°F to 1400°F), DFL used to protect partsurfaces against sliding and oscillating wear.

HS - High-temperature antiseizing applications (850°F to 1400°F), DFL applied to threaded fasteners atassembly to facilitate subsequent disassembly.


7. SUMMARY

The PEWG is a tri-service forum established to help resolve environmental issues commonto aircraft engine users and manufacturers. The five OEMs participating in the PEWG areAllison Engine Company, AlliedSignal Engines, General Electric Aircraft Engines, Pratt &Whitney-United Technologies Corporation, and Williams International. These fivemanufacturers currently apply DFLs in aircraft engines to prevent galling, fretting, andseizing at temperatures up to 1400°F, and to aid in assembly of the engines by providinglubrication and protecting against nicks and scratches. Many of the DFLs currently usedby these manufacturers contain lead or other materials that cause environmental or healthconcerns. The PEWG participants chose to pursue a JG-APP project to eliminate leadfrom the DFLs applied in the aircraft engines. The participants also identified antimony,cadmium, chromium, VOCs, and carcinogenic chemicals as secondary target HazMats tobe reduced or eliminated from DFLs.

Sixty-nine nonlead DFLs having potential to replace the current DFLs were identifiedthrough literature searches and vendor queries in late 1996 and early 1997. Manufacturersand distributors of the identified alternative DFLs provided technical, ESOH informationabout the alternatives. The properties of the candidate DFLs were compared to a list ofpreliminary screening criteria developed by the consensus of the project participants.These screening criteria addressed the secondary target HazMats and DFL processingcharacteristics. Using the preliminary screening criteria, the project participants selected37 viable alternative DFLs to be considered further.

The ESOH characteristics of the 37 viable alternatives were analyzed and summarized.The project technical representatives used the summary of ESOH characteristics andtechnical judgement to select 13 potential alternatives recommended for testing inaccordance with the Joint Test Protocol (JP-P-1-1) for Validation of Alternatives toLead-Containing Dry Film Lubricants for Antigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, andAssembly Aid Applications, dated October 1, 1997. The test results will be reported inthe Joint Test Report (JP-R-1-1) for Validation of Alternatives to Lead-Containing DryFilm Lubricants for Antigalling/Antifretting, Antiseizing, and Assembly Aid Applications.

It has been estimated that an “average” aircraft engine manufacturing facility will useapproximately 140 gal of DFL each year. The exact economic impact of using nonleadDFLs in the production of aircraft engines will depend on such factors as the DFL usedand the individual characteristics of the facilities applying the DFL.

APPENDIX A

DESCRIPTION OF CURRENTLY USED DRY FILM LUBRICANTS

Potential Alternatives Report A-i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

A.1. C-200 High Temperature Lubricant (Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P.)........................A-1A.2. DOW CORNING® 321 Dry Film Lubricant (Dow Corning Corporation) .....................A-3A.3. Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating (Acheson Colloids Company) ................................A-6A.4. Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant (Drilube Company).............................................A-8A.5. Ecoalube® 642 (E/M® Corporation) ........................................................................... A-11A.6. Everlube® 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)........... A-13A.7. Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)............................................. A-15A.8. K0548 Graphite Varnish (Pratt & Lambert, Sherwin-Williams) .................................. A-17A.9. Lube-Lok® 99A Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)........................................... A-19A.10. Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ........................................... A-21A.11. Lube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ........................................... A-23A.12. Molydag 254 Lubricant (Acheson Colloids Company) ............................................... A-25A.13. Molykote® 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating (Dow Corning Corporation) ........... A-27A.14. Molykote X-15 Bonded Lubricant (Dow Corning Corporation) ................................. A-30A.15. Perma-Slik® G Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)............................................. A-31A.16. RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating (Acheson Colloids Company) ............................... A-33A.17. Surf-Kote® A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant (Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc.) ..................... A-35A.18. Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A (Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc.) ............................... A-37A.19. Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant (Tiodize Co., Inc.) ................................................... A-39A.20. Tiolube 75/75 Solid Film Lubricant (Tiodize Co., Inc.) .............................................. A-41A.21. Tiolube 460 (Tiodize Co., Inc.).................................................................................. A-41A.22. Tiolube 660-1 Dry Film Lubricant (Tiodize Co., Inc.) ................................................ A-44A.23. Xylan® 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant (Whitford Corporation) .................... A-45A.24. Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube (Zip-Chem Products, Division of

Andpak-EMA, Inc.)................................................................................................... A-48

LIST OF TABLES

Table A-1. Ingredients of Fel-Pro Chemical Products C-200 High TemperatureLubricant .........................................................................................................A-2

Table A-2. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying DOW CORNING 321Dry Film Lubricant to Various Substrates.........................................................A-4

Table A-3. Ingredients of DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant .................................A-5Table A-4. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Acheson Colloids

Company Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating to Various Substrates .................A-6Table A-5. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids Company Dag 213 Bonded Graphite

Coating ............................................................................................................A-7Table A-6. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Drilube No. 6A Solid

Film Lubricant to Various Substrates................................................................A-8

A-ii Potential Alternatives Report

Table A-7. Ingredients of Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant..........................................A-9Table A-8. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Ecoalube 642 ............................................... A-11Table A-9. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid

Film Lubricant................................................................................................ A-13Table A-10. Ingredients of E/M Corporation 600 Solvent .................................................. A-14Table A-11. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant.............. A-15Table A-12. Ingredients of Sherwin-Williams K0548 Graphite Varnish .............................. A-17Table A-13. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant ............. A-19Table A-14. Ingredients of E/M Corporation 6600 Solvent ................................................ A-19Table A-15. Isomers of Dioxane ........................................................................................ A-20Table A-16. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant ............ A-21Table A-17. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant ............ A-23Table A-18. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Acheson Colloids

Company Molydag 254 Lubricant to Various Substrates ................................ A-25Table A-19. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids Company Molydag 254 Lubricant ................ A-26Table A-20. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Dow Corning Molykote

3400A Corrosion Protective Coating to Various Substrates............................ A-27Table A-21. Ingredients of Dow Corning Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating.. A-28Table A-22. Ingredients of Dow Corning Molykote X-15 .................................................. A-30Table A-23. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant ............... A-31Table A-24. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids Company RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant

Coating .......................................................................................................... A-33Table A-25. Ingredients of Hohman Plating & Mfg. Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film

Lubricant ....................................................................................................... A-35Table A-26. Ingredients of Hohman Plating & Mfg. Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G..................... A-37Table A-27. Ingredients of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant............................ A-39Table A-28. Ingredients of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 75/75 Solid Film Lubricant ....................... A-41Table A-29. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Tiodize Co. Tiolube 460

Dry Film Lubricant to Various Substrates....................................................... A-42Table A-30. Ingredients of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant ............................ A-43Table A-31. Ingredients of Whitford Corporation Xylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film

Lubricant ....................................................................................................... A-45Table A-32. Ingredients of Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube............................................ A-48


Potential Alternatives Report A-1

The objective of this Joint Group on Acquisition Pollution Prevention (JG-APP)/PropulsionEnvironmental Working Group (PEWG) project is to replace lead-containing dry film lubricants(DFLs) in aircraft engines. A number of DFLs are currently used by the original equipmentmanufacturers (OEMs) participating in the project. Information about many of these products isgiven below. Note that some of the currently used DFLs described below do not contain lead. Inmost cases, the baseline DFLs that do not contain lead do not meet the preliminary screeningcriteria defined in Section 3 of this Potential Alternatives Report (PAR). Because these baselinenonlead DFLs do not meet the preliminary screening criteria, it is possible that this project mayidentify more environmentally friendly DFLs.

This appendix contains brief descriptions of the technical characteristics and ingredients of eachcurrently used DFL identified for this project. The ingredients are listed as identified in thematerial safety data sheet (MSDS) for each product. The Chemical Abstract Service (CAS)registration number for each ingredient is listed if it is known. For each listed constituent of eachDFL, the permissible exposure limit (PEL) promulgated by the Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration (OSHA) and the threshold limit value (TLV) suggested by the AmericanConference of Government Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) are given in this discussion. Somecommon units for the PELs and TLVs are milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3) and parts permillion (ppm).

A.1. C-200 HIGH TEMPERATURE LUBRICANT (FEL-PRO CHEMICALPRODUCTS L.P.)

C-200 High Temperature Lubricant is molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) based. It meets therequirements of Pratt & Whitney specification #PWA-586. C-200 is designed to serve asa heavy duty lubricant used in military and commercial jet engines.

C-200 can be applied using spraying, brushing or dipping. Proper surface preparation,such as conversion coating, can be used to increase the adhesion and performance. Thecure cycle can be any one of the following:

• 30 minutes at 500°F to 600°F (260°C to 315°C)• 1 hour at 450°F (232°C)• 2 hours at 400°F (204°C).

The ingredients of C-200, as reported in the MSDS, are listed in Table A-1.

A-2 Potential Alternatives Report

Table A-1. Ingredients of Fel-Pro Chemical ProductsC-200 High Temperature Lubricant

Chemical CAS # Percentage(by Mass)

OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Graphite 007782-42-5 <15 2.5 mg/m3

Respirable2 mg/m3

RespirableLead Monoxide 001317-36-8 <20 0.05 mg/m3 as Pb 0.05 mg/m3 as PbXylene 001330-20-7 <5 100 ppm 100 ppmHydrotreatedHeavyNaphthenicPetroleumDistillates

064742-52-5 >3 N.E. N.E.

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 >3 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Phenyl MethylSilicone Resin

068037-66-1 >3 N.E. N.E.

N.E. = Not Established

According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the mixture ofhydrotreated heavy naphthenic petroleum distillates is a confirmed carcinogen, and leadmonoxide is a questionable carcinogen.

Additional Supporting Literature

• Fel-Pro Chemical Products, “C-200 High Temp Lubricant,” MaterialSafety Data Sheet, July 16, 1996

• Fel-Pro Chemical Products, “C-200 Solid Film Lubricant,” Technical Data. Point of Contact Pablo Montero Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P. 3412 W. Touhy Ave. Lincolnwood, IL 60645 Phone: 800-457-9382 Phone (POC): 847-568-2357 Fax: 847-674-0019


A.2. DOW CORNING® 321 DRY FILM LUBRICANT (DOW CORNINGCORPORATION)

DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant is a blend of solid lubricants of controlledparticle size with an inorganic binder. Typical uses include cutting tools, threadedconnections, instruments operating in extreme environments, and metal formingoperations. 321 Dry Film Lubricant is available as a pourable liquid or in aerosol cans.An operating temperature range of -328°F to 840°F is reported. The coefficient offriction is 0.08. The endurance life of 321 Dry Film Lubricant under 1000 pounds force(lbf) is 75 minutes, and the load carrying capacity is reported to be 2500 lbf for oneminute. DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant has a shelf life of 24 months from dateof manufacture. An aerosol version has a shelf life of 60 months. It is attacked bydinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4), but is reported to be resistant to the following fluids:

• Skydrol 500A• Engine Oil• Lubricating Oil• Synthetic Hydraulic Fluid• Silicone Fluid• Polyalkylene Glycol• Water• Jet Fuel• Methanol• Acetone• Benzene• 1,1,1-trichloroethane• Naphtha• Hydrazine.

General surface preparation includes removing grease, oil and dirt, and abrasive blasting toprovide a surface random orientation of 20 microinches (µin) to 30 µin root-mean-square(rms) finish. Adhesion to glass and metals (e.g., steel, nickel, cadmium, aluminum alloys,copper alloys, magnesium alloys, and titanium alloys) is reported to be excellent. Table A-2 lists the pretreatments recommended prior to application of DOW CORNING 321 DryFilm Lubricant to specific metals.


Table A-2. Recommended Surface Preparations for ApplyingDOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant to Various Substrates

Substrate Recommended Surface PreparationSteel 1. Degrease

2. Sand Blast3. Phosphate Coat

Chromium orNickel (Plated)

1. Degrease2. Sand Blast

Aluminum Alloys 1. Degrease2. Anodize

Copper Alloys 1. Degrease2. Bright Dip

MagnesiumAlloys

1. Degrease2. Dichromate

Titanium Alloys 1. Degrease2. Sand Blast

If solvent has been lost by evaporation, naphtha solvent may be used to restore the originalviscosity. During application, the material should be continuously agitated and covered toprevent solvent evaporation and resin hydrolysis. This lubricant may be applied byspraying (recommended for uniform and precisely controlled film thickness), dipping orbrushing, and is dry to the touch within 30 minutes after application. A single wet-spraycoat usually deposits a film of about 0.0005 inch to 0.0008 inch (0.5 mil to 0.8 mil). Forbest adhesion and wear life, it is recommended that the total film thickness be no morethan 0.001 inch (1 mil). For maximum performance, the coating must be cured byhydrolysis while excluded from contact with atmospheric moisture. In a normal roomenvironment of 50% relative humidity, the film will cure in approximately four hours.ENTHONE® stripper is recommended for removal of the cured film.

DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant (liquid form) has a volatile organic compound(VOC) content of 710 grams per liter (g/l). The aerosol form contains approximately860 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of the aerosol form of 321 Dry Film Lubricant, as reportedin the MSDS, are listed in Table A-3.


Table A-3. Ingredients of DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIHTLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 9 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3

Graphite 007782-42-5 3 2.5 mg/m3

Respirable2.0 mg/m3

RespirableStoddard Solvent 008052-41-3 34 500 ppm 100 ppmPolybutyl Titanate 009022-96-2 5 N.E. N.E.Sweetened LiquefiedPetroleum Gas(LPG)

068476-86-8 48 1000 ppm 1000 ppm


Note that Stoddard solvent contains approximately 85% nonane by mass, and 15%trimethyl benzene.


• Dow Corning Corporation, Inc., Corporate Literature, 1996• Dow Corning Corporation, Inc., “321 Dry Film Lubricant (Aerosol),”

Material Safety Data Sheet, November 3, 1995• Beyersdorf, Vicki, Dow Corning Corporation, Inc., Telephone

Conversation, April 1997.

Point of Contact

Vicki BeyersdorfDow Corning Corporation, Inc.South Saginaw RoadMidland, MI 48686Phone: 517-496-6000


A.3. DAG 213 BONDED GRAPHITE COATING (ACHESON COLLOIDS COMPANY)

Dag 213 is a resin bonded graphite coating designed to provide lubrication to manysubstrates under light to medium loads. Dag 213 can be applied to any substrate that isnot affected by the curing cycle and the diluent. Table A-4 lists the pretreatmentsrecommended prior to application of Acheson Colloids Company Dag 213 BondedGraphite Coating to specific substrates.

Table A-4. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Acheson ColloidsCompany Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating to Various Substrates

Substrate Recommended Surface PreparationSteel 1. Degrease, Sand or Vapor Blast

2. Phosphate CoatStainless Steel Degrease, Sand or Vapor BlastAluminum Degrease, Sand or Vapor BlastRubber Degrease using Appropriate SolventPlastics 1. Degrease using Appropriate Solvent

2. Light SandingCopper Alloys 1. Degrease, Sand or Vapor Blast

2. Dilute Nitric Acid Dip3. Water Rinse

Dag 213 can be applied by dipping or spraying. For maximum corrosion protection,multiple thin coats should be applied; a ten minute air drying time between each coat isrecommended. The recommended curing procedures are 60 minutes at 350°F (177°C) or20 minutes at 425°F (220°F).

Dag 213 has a VOC content of approximately 5.9 pounds per gallon (lb/gal) (710 g/l).The ingredients of Dag 213, as reported in the MSDS, are listed in Table A-5.


Table A-5. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids CompanyDag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Propylene GlycolMethyl Ether Acetate

000108-65-6 24 N.E. N.E.

Toluene 000108-88-3 24 200 ppm 50 ppmn-Butyl Alcohol 000071-36-3 15 100 ppm 50 (C) Current

100 (C) ProposedGraphite 007782-42-5 9 2.5 mg/m3

Respirable2 mg/m3

RespirableFormaldehyde 000050-00-0 0.19 0.75 ppm 0.3 (C) ppmXylene 001330-20-7 5 100 ppm 100 ppm2-Butoxyethanol(Butyl Cellosolve, orEthylene GlycolMonobutyl Ether)

000111-76-2 4 50 ppm 25 ppm

N.E. = Not EstablishedC = Ceiling Concentration

Although there are no OSHA or ACGIH exposure limits, the manufacturer recommends alimit of 100 ppm for propylene glycol methyl ether acetate. Dermal penetration is aparticular route of concern for toluene, n-butyl alcohol, and 2-butoxyethanol.Formaldehyde, present only in a residual amount, is considered to be a confirmedcarcinogen by IARC and the National Toxicology Program (NTP) and a suspectedcarcinogen by ACGIH and the German Research Society (DFG).


• Acheson Colloids Company, “Dag 213,” Material Safety Data Sheet,June 15, 1995

• Acheson Colloids Company, “Dag 213,” Product Data Sheet.

Point of Contact

Joyce GorinacAcheson Colloids CompanyPO Box 611747Port Huron, MI 48061-1747Phone: 810-984-5581Fax: 810-984-1446


A.4. DRILUBE NO. 6A SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (DRILUBE COMPANY)

Drilube No. 6A is a combination of MoS2, antimony trioxide, and corrosion inhibitors in athermosetting resin. Drilube No. 6A does not contain any graphite or powdered metals.It was designed to reduce component wear, prevent galling or seizing, and providechemical and corrosion resistance. Drilube No. 6A meets the requirements ofMIL-L-46010D (Type II). The major applications for this product are for componentswhere no graphite is permitted and a moderate degree of corrosion protection is requiredsuch as for sliding mechanism, threaded connectors, fasteners and gears.

Table A-6 lists the pretreatments recommended prior to application of Drilube No. 6ASolid Film Lubricant to specific metals.

Table A-6. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying DrilubeNo. 6A Solid Film Lubricant to Various Substrates

Substrate Recommended Surface PreparationSteel 1. Vapor Degrease

2. Phosphate Coat per MIL-P-16232 Type M or ZStainless Steel,Chrome Plate,Nickel Plate

1. Vapor Degrease2. Grit Blast 120 Mesh or Liquid Hone

Aluminum andAluminum Alloys

1. Vapor Degrease2. Anodize per AN-QQ-A-696

orChromate per MIL-C-5541 (Alodine 1200 or Iridite 14-2)

Magnesium 1. Vapor Degrease2. Sand or Grit Blast3. Dichromate per MIL-M-3171 Type 3

Copper andCopper Alloys

1. Vapor Degrease2. Grit or Sand Blast with 120 Mesh3. Ebonal C, Iridite No. 7, or Iridium Flash

Titanium 1. Solvent Clean2. Vapor Blast or Grit Blast with 120 Mesh

The surfaces to be coated should be prepared to have a finish of 32 µin to 60 µin rms.The solid film lubricant can be applied either by spraying or dipping. Spraying allows formore accurate thickness control. The coating must be cured at 400°F for one hour.

Drilube No. 6A has a VOC content of approximately 2.9 lb/gal (350 g/l). The ingredientsof Drilube No. 6A, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-7.


Table A-7. Ingredients of Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Antimony Trioxide 001309-64-4 <15 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as SbLead OxidePhosphonate

012141-20-7 <5 0.05 mg/m3 as Pb 0.05 mg/m3 asPb

Organophilic Clay N.R. N.R. 15 mg/m3 Total,5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3 Total,3 mg/m3

RespirableToluene 000108-88-3 <20 200 ppm 50 ppmEthyl Acetate 000141-78-6 <10 400 ppm 400 ppmMethyl EthylKetone(2-Butanone)

000078-93-3 <5 200 ppm 200 ppm

2-Butoxyethanol(Butyl Cellosolve)

000111-76-2 <5 50 ppm 25 ppm

Epoxy Solution N.R. <20 N.E. N.E.Phenol/FormaldehydePolymer

028470-78-2 <5 N.E. N.E.

Free Phenol 000108-95-2 N.R. 5 ppm 5 ppmFree Formaldehyde 000050-00-0 <2 0.75 ppm 0.3 (C) ppmPolymethylphenyl-siloxane ResinSolution

N.R. <10 N.E. N.E.

Mixed TerpeneAlcohols andHydrocarbons

N.R. <5 N.E. N.E.

Ethylamine withBoron Trifluoride

000075-23-0 <1 N.E. N.E.

N.E. = Not EstablishedN.R. = CAS # or Percentage Composition Not ReportedC = Ceiling Concentration

Although some ingredients have no established OSHA or ACGIH exposure limits, themanufacturer recommends a limit of 530 mg/m3 for epoxy solution, and 100 ppm forpolymethylphenylsiloxane resin solution. Ethylamine and boron trifluoride may beconsidered as surrogates for ethylamine with boron trifluoride; the OSHA PELs are 1 ppm(ceiling) for boron trifluoride and 10 ppm for ethylamine, the ACGIH TLVs are 1 ppm


(ceiling) for boron trifluoride and 5 ppm for ethylamine. Dermal penetration is a particularroute of concern for toluene, 2-butoxyethanol, phenol, and ethylamine. Antimony trioxideis considered to be a confirmed carcinogen by DFG and is a suspected carcinogen byACGIH. Based on experimental evidence, lead compounds are considered questionablecarcinogens. Formaldehyde, present only in a residual amount, is considered to be aconfirmed carcinogen by IARC and NTP and a suspected carcinogen by ACGIH andDFG. Phenol, also present in a residual amount, is a questionable carcinogen according toexperimental evidence. Organophilic clay is not regulated other than as particulates.


• Drilube Company, “Drilube No. 6A,” Material Safety Data Sheet,September 10, 1996

• Drilube Company, “Drilube No. 6A,” Product Bulletin. Point of Contact Michael A. Moone, Technical Director Drilube Company 711 W. Broadway Glendale, CA 91024 Phone: 213-245-1804 818-240-8144 Fax: 818-244-0846


A.5. ECOALUBE® 642 (E/M® CORPORATION) The ingredients of Ecoalube 642, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-8.

Table A-8. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Ecoalube 642


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Toluene 000108-88-3 N.R. 100 ppm 50 ppm Methyl EthylKetone

000078-93-3 N.R. 200 ppm 200 ppm

Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-5 N.R. 1000 ppm 1000 ppm MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3

AntimonyTrioxide

001309-64-4 N.R. 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 asSb

Lead OxidePhosphonate

012141-20-7 N.R. 0.05 mg/m3 as Pb 0.05 mg/m3 asPb

Phosphoric Acid 007664-38-2 N.R. 1 mg/m3 1 mg/m3

Methyl IsobutylKetone

000108-10-1 N.R. 100 ppm 50 ppm

n-Butyl Alcohol 000071-36-3 N.R. 100 ppm 50 ppm (C) N.R. = Percentage Composition Not Reported C = Ceiling Concentration

Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for toluene and n-butyl alcohol.Antimony trioxide is considered to be a confirmed carcinogen by DFG and is a suspectedcarcinogen by ACGIH. Ethyl alcohol is a confirmed carcinogen according to IARC andOSHA. Based on experimental evidence, lead compounds are considered questionablecarcinogens.


• E/M Corporation, “Ecoalube 642,” Material Safety Data Sheet,August 6, 1996.


Points of Contact E/M Corporation 100 Cooper Circle Peachtree City, GA 30269 Phone: 770-261-4800 Fax: 770-261-4801 William Paldino, Aerospace/Military Marketing Manager E/M Corporation One John Downey Drive New Britain, CT 06051-2919 Phone: 860-224-9148 Fax: 860-224-6572


A.6. EVERLUBE® 620C CORROSION-RESISTANT SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/MCORPORATION)

Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant is composed of solvent, modifiedresin binder, MoS2, and corrosion inhibitors. Everlube 620C meets the requirements ofMIL-L-46010B Amendment II, Type I and MIL-L-8937. Everlube 620C can be applied using spraying, brushing, or dipping, and the required curecycle is one hour at 300°F. Everlube 620C (ready to apply formulation) has a VOC content of approximately 800 g/l.The ingredients of Everlube 620C, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-9.

Table A-9. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 620CCorrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Toluene 000108-88-3 10-20 100 ppm 50 ppm Methyl EthylKetone

000078-93-3 <10 200 ppm 200 ppm

Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-5 25-35 1000 ppm 1000 ppm MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 10-20 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Antimony Trioxide 001309-64-4 <10 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 asSb

Petroleum Spirits(Petroleum Ether)

008032-32-4 <10 N.E. 300 ppm

2-Butoxyethanol(Butyl Cellosolve)

000111-76-2 <10 50 ppm 25 ppm

Isopropyl Alcohol 000067-63-0 <10 400 ppm 400 ppm Aromatic Naphtha 064742-06-9 <10 N.E. N.E. Residual Phenol 000108-95-2 Trace 5 ppm 5 ppm ResidualFormaldehyde

000050-00-0 Trace 0.75 ppm 0.3 (C) ppm

N.E. = Not Established C = Ceiling Concentration

Although there is no OSHA PEL for petroleum spirits, the National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommended exposure limit (REL) is350 mg/m3. The manufacturer recommends a limit of 100 ppm for petroleum spirits andfor aromatic naphtha.


Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for toluene, 2-butoxyethanol, andphenol. Antimony trioxide is considered to be a confirmed carcinogen by DFG and is asuspected carcinogen by ACGIH. Ethyl alcohol is a confirmed carcinogen according toIARC and OSHA; petroleum spirits is a confirmed carcinogen according to ACGIH, andisopropyl alcohol is a questionable carcinogen according to IARC. Formaldehyde, presentonly in a residual amount, is considered to be a confirmed carcinogen by IARC and NTPand a suspected carcinogen by ACGIH and DFG. Phenol, also present in a residualamount, is a questionable carcinogen according to experimental evidence. Additionally, the above mixture is a concentrate that is diluted in a 3:1 ratio with either a50/50 ethyl alcohol and toluene mixture or 600 Solvent. The ingredients of 600 Solvent,as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-10.

Table A-10. Ingredients of E/M Corporation 600 Solvent


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Toluene 000108-88-3 40-50 100 ppm 50 ppm Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-5 25-35 1000 ppm 1000 ppm

Ethyl alcohol is a confirmed carcinogen according to IARC and OSHA. Additional Supporting Literature

• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 620C,” Material Safety Data Sheet,August 29, 1995

• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 620C,” Technical Data• Chemical Communications Coordinator, E/M Corporation, “600 Solvent,”

Material Safety Data Sheet, August 6, 1996.

Points of Contact

E/M Corporation100 Cooper CirclePeachtree City, GA 30269Phone: 770-261-4800Fax: 770-261-4801

William Paldino, Aerospace/Military Marketing ManagerE/M CorporationOne John Downey DriveNew Britain, CT 06051-2919Phone: 860-224-9148Fax: 860-224-6572


A.7. EVERLUBE 9002 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION)

Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant contains MoS2 and corrosion inhibitors. The productis water-based and has low-VOC content. It was designed to reduce wear, providelubricity and prevent substrate corrosion.

The cure cycle is 1 hour at 300°F.

Everlube 9002 has a VOC content of approximately 1.5 lb/gal (180 g/l). The ingredientsof Everlube 9002, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-11.

Table A-11. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Antimony Trioxide 001309-64-4 <10 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb2-Butoxyethanol(Butyl Cellosolve)

000111-76-2 <10 50 ppm 25 ppm

Isobutyl Alcohol 000078-83-1 <5 100 ppm 50 ppmN.R. = Percentage Composition Not Reported

Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for 2-butoxyethanol. According toexperimental evidence, isobutyl alcohol is a questionable carcinogen. Antimony trioxide isconsidered to be a confirmed carcinogen by DFG and is a suspected carcinogen byACGIH.


• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 9002,” Material Safety Data Sheet,September 3, 1996

• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 9002,” Technical Data. Points of Contact E/M Corporation 100 Cooper Circle Peachtree City, GA 30269 Phone: 770-261-4800 Fax: 770-261-4801


William Paldino, Aerospace/Military Marketing Manager E/M Corporation One John Downey Drive New Britain, CT 06051-2919 Phone: 860-224-9148 Fax: 860-224-6572


A.8. K0548 GRAPHITE VARNISH (PRATT & LAMBERT, SHERWIN-WILLIAMS)

K0548 Graphite Varnish is a heat cured varnish designed to provide a durable and toughlubricant coating. The surfaces to be coated should be dry, clean and free of dust oil, rust,mill scale and other foreign matter. The manufacturer recommends spray application. Thecoating must be cured at 300°F for 30 minutes. K0548 has a VOC content of 6.1 lb/gal (730 g/l). The ingredients of K0548, as reportedin the MSDS, are reported in Table A-12.

Table A-12. Ingredients of Sherwin-Williams K0548 Graphite Varnish


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

n-Butyl Alcohol 000071-36-3 10 100 ppm 50 ppm (C)Proposed

Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-5 N.R. 1000 ppm 1000 ppm Amyl Acetate(Mixed Isomers)

000628-63-7 N.R. 100 ppm 100 ppm

2-Methyl ButylAcetate

000624-41-9 N.R. N.E. N.E.

Formaldehyde 000050-00-0 <0.1 0.75 ppm 0.3 (C) ppm Isopropyl Alcohol 000067-63-0 N.R. 400 ppm 400 ppm Graphite(Natural)

007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3

Respirable 2 mg/m3

Respirable Hexylene Glycol 000107-41-5 N.R. N.E. 25 (C) ppm 1-Methoxy-2-Propanol(Propylene GlycolMethyl Ether)

000107-98-2 N.R. N.E. 100 ppm

N.R. = Percentage Composition Not Reported C = Ceiling Concentration N.E. = Not Established

Ethyl alcohol is a confirmed carcinogen according to IARC and OSHA. Isopropyl alcoholis a questionable carcinogen according to IARC. Formaldehyde, present only in a residualamount, is considered to be a confirmed carcinogen by IARC and NTP and a suspectedcarcinogen by ACGIH and DFG. Additional Supporting Literature

• Pratt & Lambert, “K0548 Graphite Varnish,” Material Safety Data Sheet,September 10, 1996

• Pratt & Lambert, “K0548 Graphite Varnish,” Description.Point of Contact


Pratt & LambertIndustrial Coatings Division101 Prospect AvenueCleveland, OH 44115Phone: 216-566-2902


A.9. LUBE-LOK® 99A SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION)

Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant is composed of modified resin binder, MoS2, andgraphite. Lube-Lok 99A is formulated for use with aluminum and other applicationswhere temperatures higher than 250°F cannot be exceeded.

Lube-Lok 99A can be applied using spraying, brushing or dipping. The cure cycle is5 minutes air-dry followed by one hour at 250°F.

Lube-Lok 99A has a VOC content of approximately 5.2 lb/gal (620 g/l). Ingredientslisted in the Technical Data Sheet, which may not be a complete listing, are reported inTable A-13.

Table A-13. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3

Graphite 007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3

Respirable2 mg/m3

RespirableN.R. = Percentage Composition Not Reported

Additionally, the above mixture is a concentrate that is diluted 3:1 with 6600 Solvent ordioxane. The ingredients of 6600 Solvent, as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-14.

Table A-14. Ingredients of E/M Corporation 6600 Solvent


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Methyl EthylKetone

000078-93-3 30-40 200 ppm 200 ppm

Methylene Chloride 000075-09-2 60-70 25 ppm 50 ppm

Methylene chloride is a confirmed carcinogen according to IARC and NTP and asuspected carcinogen according to ACGIH and DFG.

Some information about the isomers of dioxane is presented in Table A-15.


Table A-15. Isomers of Dioxane

Isomer CAS # OSHA PEL ACGIH TLVp-Dioxane 000123-91-1 100 ppm 25 ppmm-Dioxane 000505-22-6 N.E. N.E.


Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for dioxane. Dioxane is considered aconfirmed carcinogen by IARC, NTP, and DFG.


• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 99A,” Technical Data• E/M Corporation, “6600 Solvent,” Material Safety Data Sheet,

May 23, 1995.

Points of Contact




A.10. LUBE-LOK 2006 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION)

Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant is composed of MoS2, graphite, solvents, and hightemperature silicone resin. It was designed as a high temperature solid film lubricant andanti-seize coating.

Lube-Lok 2006 can be applied by spraying or dipping. The cure cycle is 2 hours at 500°F.

Lube-Lok 2006 has a VOC content of approximately 6.5 lb/gal (780 g/l). The ingredientsof Lube-Lok 2006, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-16.

Table A-16. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2006Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Graphite 007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3

Respirable2 mg/m3

RespirableMethyl EthylKetone

000078-93-3 65-75 200 ppm 200 ppm

Xylene 001330-20-7 10-20 100 ppm 100 ppmn-Butyl Alcohol 000071-36-3 <10 100 ppm 50 (C) ppmEthyl Amyl Ketone(5-Methyl-3-Heptanone)

000541-85-5 <10 25 ppm 25 ppm

N.R. = Percentage Composition Not ReportedC = Ceiling Concentration

Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for n-butyl alcohol.


• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 2006,” Material Safety Data Sheet,December 14, 1988

• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 2006,” Technical Data.




A.11. LUBE-LOK 2396 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION) Lube-Lok 2396 is a sodium silicate bonded MoS2 solid film lubricant designed to reducewear and prevent galling of metals in such applications as rolling element bearings, andsleeve bearings. Lube-Lok 2396 is compatible with liquid oxygen and meets therequirements of MIL-L-81329C. Its reported endurance life is 60 minutes under a1000 lbf load. This product is effective in the operating temperature range of -365°F to+750°F in air. This product has a shelf life of six months from date of manufacture whenstored in an unopened container at room temperature. Spray application on preheated parts to a film thickness of 0.0002 inch to 0.0014 inch(0.2 mil to 1.4 mils) is recommended. The product is cured by 2 hours of baking at 180°Fand then 2 hours at 400°F. Deionized water is used for dilution and clean up. Lube-Lok 2396 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients, as listed in the MSDS, are reportedin Table A-17.

Table A-17. Ingredients of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Graphite 007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3

Respirable 2.0 mg/m3

Respirable Inorganic SilicateCompound

N.R. N.R. N.E. N.E.

N.R. = CAS # or Percentage Composition Not Reported N.E. = Not Established


• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant,” Technical DataSheet 2072

• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 2396 (10-649) Bonded Solid FilmLubricant,” Material Safety Data Sheet, September 3, 1996

• Jumper, Mike, E/M Corporation, Telephone Conversation, May 1997.


Points of Contact




A.12. MOLYDAG 254 LUBRICANT (ACHESON COLLOIDS COMPANY)

Molydag 254 is a combination of MoS2 and other lubricants dispersed in an epoxy resinsolution. The ready to use version of Molydag 254 meets the specifications ofMIL-L-8937D and MIL-L-46010. It is designed to provide lifetime corrosion protectionand lubrication to components that are inaccessible after assembly.

Table A-18 lists the pretreatments recommended prior to application of Molydag 254Lubricant to specific metals.

Table A-18. Recommended Surface Preparations for ApplyingAcheson Colloids Company Molydag 254 Lubricant to Various Substrates

Substrate Recommended Surface PreparationSteel 1. Grit or Vapor Blast

2. Degrease3. Treat with Lubrite 2, Granodine 111, or Bonderite 100 (or

equivalent)Stainless Steel 1. Grit or Vapor Blast

2. DegreaseAluminum 1. Degrease or Solvent Clean

2. Treat with Alodine 1200 (or equivalent). Coating may also beapplied over anodized surface.

Copper Alloys 1. Degrease or Solvent Clean2. Grit Blast

orTreat with Ebonol C (or equivalent)

Molydag 254 can be applied by brushing, dipping, or spraying. To minimize pinholes,multiple thin coats should be applied. The minimal recommended curing method is a60-minute exposure at 300°F (149°C). A preferred curing method is 60 minutes at400°F (204°C) for increased coating performance.

Molydag 254 has a VOC content of approximately 5.0 lb/gal (590 g/l). The ingredients ofMolydag 254, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-19.


Table A-19. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids Company Molydag 254 Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Toluene 000108-88-3 22 200 ppm 50 ppmMolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 19 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

AntimonyTrioxide

001309-64-4 11 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb

Methyl EthylKetone

000078-93-3 11 200 ppm 200 ppm

Propylene GlycolMethyl EtherAcetate

000108-65-6 11 N.E. N.E.


012141-20-7 6 0.05 mg/m3 as Pb 0.05 mg/m3 asPb


Although there are no OSHA or ACGIH exposure limits, the manufacturer recommends alimit of 100 ppm for propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate. Dermal penetration is aparticular route of concern for toluene. Antimony trioxide is considered to be a confirmedcarcinogen by DFG and is a suspected carcinogen by ACGIH. Based on experimentalevidence, lead compounds are considered questionable carcinogens.


• Acheson Colloids Company, “Molydag 254,” Material Safety Data Sheet,May 5, 1992

• Acheson Colloids Company, “Molydag 254,” Product Data Sheet.

Point of Contact

Joyce GorinacAcheson Colloids CompanyPO Box 611747Port Huron, MI 48061-1747Phone: 810-984-5581Fax: 810-984-1446


A.13. MOLYKOTE® 3400A CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING (DOW CORNINGCORPORATION)

Molykote 3400A is a dispersion of solid lubricants and corrosion inhibitors in athermosetting resin. The protective coating was designed to provide lubrication andcorrosion protection for conditions of high loads, low speeds, dirty or abrasiveenvironments and surfaces that are inaccessible for relubrication. Molykote 3400A meetsor exceeds requirements of MIL-L-46010A.

Molykote 3400A can be applied by dipping, tumbling, brushing or spraying. Optimumproperties are achieved with spraying.

Table A-20 lists the pretreatments recommended prior to application of Molykote 3400ACorrosion Protective Coating to specific metals.

Table A-20. Recommended Surface Preparations for ApplyingDow Corning Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating to Various Substrates


2. Cadmium Plate 0.3 mil (for exposed application or widetemperature variations)

3. Phosphate with Zinc or Manganese PhosphateStainless Steel 1. Degrease

2. Grit Blast (120 mesh)Aluminum 1. Degrease with Trichloroethylene (MIL-T-7003)

2. Anodize and Seal (MIL-STD-171, Finish # 7.2.1)Copper Alloys 1. Degrease

2. Black Oxide Treat According to MIL-F-495 (Preferred)orBright Dip

Titanium 1. Degrease2. Grit Blast (120 mesh)

The coating should be allowed to air-dry for a minimum of 30 minutes and then cured at400°F (205°C) for an hour. A curing of 2 hours at 300°F (150°C) can be used formaterials that would be adversely affected by exposure to 400°F (205°C). Lower curetemperatures than those recommended will adversely affect coating properties.

The ingredients of Molykote 3400A, as reported in the MSDS, are reported inTable A-21.


Table A-21. Ingredients of Dow CorningMolykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-5

15 1000 ppm 1000 ppm

Methyl EthylKetone

000078-93-3

15 200 ppm 200 ppm

Toluene 000108-88-3

29 200 ppm 50 ppm

Antimony Trioxide 001309-64-4

12 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5

12 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3


012141-20-7

4 0.05 mg/m3 0.05 mg/m3

Bisphenol A-EpichlorohydrinCopolymer

025068-38-6

9 N.E. N.E.

Phenol/FormaldehydePolymer

028470-78-2

3 N.E. N.E.

Formaldehyde 000050-00-0

Trace 0.75 ppm 0.3 (C) ppm

Allyl Chloride 000107-05-1

Trace 1 ppm 1 ppm

Phenol 000108-95-2

Trace 5 ppm 5 ppm

N.E. = Not EstablishedC = Ceiling Concentration

Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for toluene and phenol. Ethyl alcoholis classified as a confirmed carcinogen by IARC and OSHA; antimony trioxide isconsidered to be a confirmed carcinogen by DFG and is a suspected carcinogen byACGIH. Based on experimental evidence, lead compounds are considered questionablecarcinogens. Allyl chloride, present in only a residual amount, is classified as a suspectedcarcinogen by DFG and experimental evidence and a questionable carcinogen by IARCand NTP. Formaldehyde, present only in a residual amount, is considered to be aconfirmed carcinogen by IARC and NTP and a suspected carcinogen by ACGIH andDFG. Phenol, also present in a residual amount, is a questionable carcinogen according toexperimental evidence.



• Dow Corning Corporation, “Molykote 3400A Corrosion ProtectiveCoating,” Material Safety Data Sheet, March 15, 1995

• Dow Corning Corporation, “Molykote 3400A Corrosion ProtectiveCoating,” Information About Specialty Lubricants.

Point of Contact B.R. Lalone Dow Corning Corporation South Saginaw Road Midland, MI 48686 Phone: 517-496-7768


A.14. MOLYKOTE X-15 BONDED LUBRICANT (DOW CORNING CORPORATION) The MSDS reports that all ingredients of Molykote X-15 are inert, and thatdecomposition products include molybdenum products, silicon dioxide, and carbondioxide. The ingredients listed on the MSDS are reported in Table A-22.

Table A-22. Ingredients of Dow Corning Molykote X-15


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Particulates NotOtherwiseClassified

N.E. N.R. 15 mg/m3 total,5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3 total,3 mg/m3

Respirable MolybdenumCompounds

N.R. N.R. Soluble: 5 mg/m3;Insoluble: 15 mg/m3

Total, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

Soluble: 5 mg/m3;Insoluble:10 mg/m3

N.E. = Not Established N.R. = CAS # or Percentage Composition Not Reported


• Dow Corning Corporation, “Molykote X-15 Bonded Lubricant,” MaterialSafety Data Sheet, January 1, 1985.

Point of Contact Dow Corning Corporation South Saginaw Road Midland, MI 48686 Phone: 517-496-7768


A.15. PERMA-SLIK® G SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION)

Perma-Slik G air dry solid film lubricant is recommended for applications where the use ofoven cured coatings is not practical either due to material or size of the components.Perma-Slik G meets the requirements of MIL-L-46147 and MIL-L-23398. Surfaces to be coated must be vapor degreased or solvent cleaned. Optimal adhesion isobtained on fine grit blasted surfaces (120 mesh or finer), phosphate (DOD-P-16232,Type M or Z) or chemical conversion coating depending on the application. Perma-Slik G has a VOC content of approximately 6.4 lb/gal (770 g/l). The ingredients ofPerma-Slik G, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-23.

Table A-23. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Xylene 001330-20-7

5-10 100 ppm 100 ppm

Methyl EthylKetone

000078-93-3

60-65 200 ppm 200 ppm


012141-20-7

1-5 0.05 mg/m3 as Pb 0.05 mg/m3 as Pb

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5

N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3


5-10 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb

N.R. = Percentage Composition Not Reported Antimony trioxide is classified as a confirmed carcinogen by DFG and is a suspectedcarcinogen by ACGIH. Based on experimental evidence, lead compounds are consideredquestionable carcinogens. Additional Supporting Literature

• E/M Corporation, “Perma-Slik G,” Material Safety Data Sheet,January 10, 1995

• E/M Corporation, “Perma-Slik G,” Technical Data.




A.16. RJ 143 BONDED LUBRICANT COATING (ACHESON COLLOIDS COMPANY)

RJ 143 is a bonded lubricant coating designed to be used under abnormally severeoperating conditions. It is a two-component graphite dispersion in an inorganic matrix;the two components are referred to as RJ 143 A and RJ 143 B. Once properly cured, itcan provide lubrication and reduce galling and fretting at temperatures between 212°F and1000°F (100°C and 538°C). RJ 143 is not designed for use at temperatures below 212°F(100°C). The surfaces to be coated should be grit blasted and heated to 200°F (93°C) for brushapplication or 350°F (176°C) for spray application. The RJ 143 A product in its liquidstate is highly acidic (pH 2), it should be mixed and used in a well ventilated area and allrequired protective equipment should be worn. For brush application, mix two partscomponent A with three parts component B; for spray application, add three parts water. Curing requires a substrate temperature of 600°F (316°C) for 60 minutes. RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of the twocomponents, RJ 143 A and B, as reported in the MSDSs, are reported in Table A-24.

Table A-24. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids CompanyRJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

RJ 143 A

Phosphoric Acid 007664-38-2 <50 1.0 mg/m3 1.0 mg/m3

MonoaluminumPhosphate Trihydrate

013530-50-2 >50 N.E. 2 mg/m3 as Al

RJ 143 B

Ammonium Phosphate,Monobasic

007722-76-1 <20 N.E. N.E.

Graphite 007782-42-5 <50 2.5 mg/m3 2 mg/m3

N.E. = Not Established Although monoaluminum phosphate trihydrate has not been regulated by OSHA PEL,NIOSH recommends an exposure limit of 2 mg/m3 for soluble aluminum, 15 mg/m3 forinsoluble total dust, and 5 mg/m3 for insoluble respirable fraction. Additional Supporting Literature

• Acheson Colloids Company, “RJ 143 A,” Material Safety Data Sheet,March 18, 1996

• Acheson Colloids Company, “RJ 143 B,” Material Safety Data Sheet,March 18, 1996

• Acheson Colloids Company, “RJ 143,” Product Data Sheet.


Point of Contact Joyce Gorinac Acheson Colloids Company PO Box 611747 Port Huron, MI 48061-1747 Phone: 810-984-5581 Fax: 810-984-1446


A.17. SURF-KOTE® A-1625 DRY FILM LUBRICANT (HOHMAN PLATING & MFG.,INC.)

Surf-Kote A-1625 dry solid film lubricant is an air drying lubricant composed of eitherMoS2 or graphite in a modified silicate binder. Surf-Kote A-1625 can be applied using spraying, brushing or dipping. It is recommendedthat the surface to be coated be vapor degreased and vapor or grit blasted to 6 µin to100 µin rms. All blasting media should be removed from the treated components. The minimum recommended cure cycle is a 15 minutes to 30 minutes air-drying followedby 1 hour to 1 ¼ hours at 275°F to 300°F. For maximum resistance, a cure cycle of 15 minutes to 30 minutes air drying, 2 hours to 2 ½ hours at 180°F to 200°F, and 3 hours to 3 ½ hours at 275°F to 300°F is recommended. The ingredients of Surf-Kote A-1625, as reported in the MSDS, are reported inTable A-25.

Table A-25. Ingredients of Hohman Plating & Mfg.Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Toluene 000108-88-3 <60 200 ppm 50 ppm Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-5 <20 1000 ppm 1000 ppm MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 <15 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Isopropyl Alcohol 000067-63-0 <5 400 ppm 400 ppm Petroleum Spirits(vm&p Naphtha)

008032-32-4 <5 N.E. 300 ppm

Graphite(Natural)

007782-42-5 <3 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable N.E. = Not Established

Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for toluene. Although there is not anOSHA PEL for petroleum spirits, the NIOSH REL is 350 mg/m3, and the manufacturerrecommends an exposure limit of 100 ppm. Ethyl alcohol is classified as a confirmedcarcinogen by IARC and OSHA; petroleum spirits is classified as a confirmed carcinogenby ACGIH. Isopropyl alcohol is considered a questionable carcinogen by IARC.



• Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc., “Surf-Kote A-1625,” Material Safety DataSheet, March 5, 1997

• Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc., “Surf-Kote A-1625,” Technical Data. Point of Contact Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc. 814 Hillrose Avenue Dayton, OH 45404 Phone: 513-228-2191


A.18. SURF-KOTE LOB-1800-G CLASS A (HOHMAN PLATING & MFG., INC.) Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G is an inorganic, water-based, heat-cured DFL containing graphiteand other high temperature lubricating additives blended with a modified silicate binder.The cured film is reported to have superior lubrication properties in the temperature rangeof 700°F to 1400°F. The product is recommended for use primarily on corrosion-resistantbase metals, as the corrosion protection properties of the coating are minimal. All parts to be coated with Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G should be vapor degreased and vaporor grit blasted to a surface finish of 6 µin to 100 µin rms. Emery paper or wire brushingmay be used to prepare the surface if blasting is not possible. Surfaces should bethoroughly cleaned prior to application of the lubricant. Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G should be stirred thoroughly before application because thelubricating pigments will settle during storage. If possible, the parts to be coated shouldbe preheated to 200°F to 250°F. The product is supplied in two consistencies: Class A,suitable for spray application, and Class B, suitable for dip or brush application. Sprayingis the preferred application method. The recommended film thickness is 0.0005 inch to0.001 inch (0.5 mil to 1 mil). After application, the coating should be air-dried for15 minutes to 30 minutes or until the water solvent is flashed off, followed by heat curingat 275°F to 300°F for 1 hour to 1 ¼ hours. For maximum resistance to moistureabsorption, a cure cycle of 15 minutes to 30 minutes air-dry and 2 hours to 2 ½ hourscure at 180°F to 200°F, plus 3 hours to 3 ½ hours cure at 275°F to 300°F isrecommended. Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of Surf-KoteLOB-1800-G, as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-26.

Table A-26. Ingredients of Hohman Plating & Mfg. Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Graphite 007782-42-5 10-25 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable Silicate Resin 001344-09-8 10-25 N.E. N.E.

N.E. = Not Established The manufacturer recommends that a PEL of 5 mg/m3 be observed for the silicate resin(CAS # 01344-09-8). Additional Supporting Literature

• Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc., “Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A,” ProductDescription Sheet


• Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc., “Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A,”Material Safety Data Sheet, September 23, 1996.

Point of Contact

James MaloneyHohman Plating & Mfg. Inc.814 Hillrose Ave.Dayton, OH 45404Phone: 513-228-2191 x208Fax: 513-228-5171


A.19. TIOLUBE 70 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (TIODIZE CO., INC.)

Tiolube 70 is a graphite-free thermoplastic resin bonded lubricant containing pigmentssuch as MoS2. Tiolube 70 meets or exceeds all requirements of MIL-L-23398 andexceeds the wear requirements of MIL-L-8937. Because Tiolube 70 is an air-driedcoating, it can be used for components which cannot tolerate elevated curingtemperatures. Tiolube 70 can also be used to touch up previously coated components.

Tiolube 70 can be applied to titanium, aluminum, magnesium, steel, chrome, nickel,copper, brass, stainless steel, plastic, wood, fiberglass, and many other types of materials.The surface to be coated must be free of grease, oil, scale, corrosion, and dirt. Degreasingof the surface is recommended (using an oil free solvent such as naphtha or methyl ethylketone [MEK]). After degreasing, the surface should be treated with one of the followingmethods (as appropriate):

• Fine emery paper• Fine steel wool• Sand blasting using 120 mesh• Phosphate coating.

This should then be followed by wipe cleaning the surface using MEK.

Tiolube 70 should be applied by spraying. If required, a second coat can be applied after aten-minute drying time. The coating should be left to dry for 15 minutes prior tomanipulation and 12 hours prior to use of the component.

Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant has a VOC content of approximately 6.3 lb/gal (760 g/l).The ingredients of Tiolube 70, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-27.

Table A-27. Ingredients of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Organic Resin 025085-82-9 N.R. N.E. N.E.Methyl EthylKetone

000078-93-3 N.R. 200 ppm 200 ppm

Antimony Trioxide 001309-64-4 N.R. 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as SbPropane 000074-98-6 N.R. 1000 ppm 2500 ppmIsobutane 000075-28-5 N.R. N.E. N.E.

N.R. = Percentage Composition Not ReportedN.E. = Not Established


Although there are no OSHA and ACGIH exposure limits for isobutane, NIOSHrecommends an exposure limit of 800 ppm. Antimony trioxide is classified as a confirmedcarcinogen by DFG and is a suspected carcinogen by ACGIH.


• Tiodize Co., Inc., “Tiolube 70 Aerosol,” Material Safety Data Sheet,June 3, 1994

• Tiodize Co., Inc., “Tiolube 70,” Technical Information Guide.

Point of Contact Paula Kuharich Tiodize Co., Inc. 5858 Engineer Drive Huntington Beach, CA 92649 Phone: 714-898-4377 Fax: 714-891-7467


A.20. TIOLUBE 75/75 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (TIODIZE CO., INC.)

Tiolube 75/75 is a low-VOC water-based solid film lubricant. It contains MoS2 lubricativepigments. Tiolube 75/75 meets or exceeds all requirements of MIL-L-23398 and MIL-L-46147. Tiolube 75/75 can be used for field touch up as well as for lubrication of criticalparts. The product does not contain lead or any metallic compounds and is nonflammable. The surface to be coated must be sandblasted using aluminum oxide or sand media andphosphated per MIL-P-16232, Type M or Z. The coating should be left to air-dry for aminimum of 15 hours prior to use. A curing at 150°F for 2 hours or a 5-day air-dryingtime will result in better coating characteristics, such as increased endurance life. Tiolube 75/75 solid film lubricant has a VOC content of approximately 2.9 lb/gal (350 g/l).The ingredients of Tiolube 75/75, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-28.

Table A-28. Ingredients of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 75/75 Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3

Resin N.R. N.R. N.E. N.E. AntimonyTrioxide

001309-64-4 N.R. 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb

N.R. = CAS # or Percentage Composition Not Reported N.E. = Not Established

Antimony trioxide is classified as a confirmed carcinogen by DFG and is a suspectedcarcinogen by ACGIH. Additional Supporting Literature

• Tiodize Co., Inc., “Water-Based Tiolube 75/75,” Material Safety DataSheet, November 18, 1992

• Tiodize Co., Inc., “Tiolube 75/75,” Technical Information Guide.

Point of Contact

Paula KuharichTiodize Co., Inc.5858 Engineer DriveHuntington Beach, CA 92649Phone: 714-898-4377Fax: 714-891-7467

A.21. TIOLUBE 460 (TIODIZE CO., INC.)


Tiolube 460 is a general purpose dry film lubricant utilizing a specially formulatedcomposition of MoS2 lubricative pigment. The primary functions of the coating are toprevent friction, galling, and premature wear, and to inhibit corrosion. Tiolube 460 meetsor exceeds all requirements of MIL-L-8937 and MIL-L-46010. Tiolube 460 wasdeveloped for high performance aerospace/aviation applications.

Table A-29 lists the surface preparations recommended prior to application of Tiolube 460dry film lubricant to specific metals.

Table A-29. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Tiodize Co.Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant to Various Substrates

Substrate Recommended Surface PreparationSteel 1. Degrease per MIL-T-7003

2. Sandblast (120 mesh)3. Phosphate per MIL-P-16232, Type M or Z

Stainless Steel 1. Degrease per MIL-T-70032. Sandblast (120 mesh)3. Passivate per MIL-S-5002

Aluminum 1. Degrease per MIL-T-70032. Anodize per MIL-A-8625 Type I,II,III

orChem Film per MIL-C-5541

Copper Alloys 1. Degrease per MIL-T-70032. Sandblast (120 mesh)

Magnesium 1. Degrease per MIL-T-70032. Dichromate Treat per MIL-M-3171, Type III

And/or Coat with Alumazite “Z” Aluminum Coatingor Anodize per MIL-M-45202

Nickel andChrome Plate

1. Degrease per MIL-T-70032. Sandblast (120 mesh)

Cadmium andZinc Plating

1. Degrease per MIL-T-70032. Phosphate per MIL-P-232, Type Z

or Bonderite 32 per MIL-C-490or Light Sandblast (120 mesh)

Titanium 1. Degrease using Non-chlorinated Solvent2. Anodize per AMS 2488 (Tiodize Type II)

The coating should be left to air-dry for a minimum of 15 hours prior to use. Curing at150°F for 2 hours or air-drying for 5 days will result in better coating characteristics, suchas increased endurance life.Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant has a VOC content of approximately 2.9 lb/gal (350 g/l).The ingredients of Tiolube 460, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table A-30.


Table A-30. Ingredients of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5

N.R. 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Organic Resin 025085-82-9

N.R. N.E. N.E.


N.R. 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb

Methyl EthylKetone

000078-93-3

N.R. 200 ppm 200 ppm

N.R. = Percentage Composition Not ReportedN.E. = Not Established

Antimony trioxide is classified as a confirmed carcinogen by DFG and is a suspectedcarcinogen by ACGIH.


• Tiodize Co., Inc., “Tiolube 460,” Material Safety Data Sheet,June 3, 1994

• Tiodize Co., Inc., “Tiolube 460,” Technical Information Guide.



A.22. TIOLUBE 660-1 DRY FILM LUBRICANT (TIODIZE CO., INC.)

Tiolube 660-1 is an inorganic bonded DFL utilizing a specially formulated composition oflubricative pigments. It is designed to prevent galling on threaded fasteners used at hightemperatures. Applications include jet engines components operated at 1200°F. Tiolube 660-1 has been used on Inconel, Waspaloy and high strength steels. The curingtemperature is 550°F. Specific information about the ingredients of Tiolube 660-1 is not available. Additional Supporting Literature

• Tiodize Co., Inc., “Tiolube 660-1,” Technical Data.



A.23. XYLAN® 1053/399A BONDED DRY FILM LUBRICANT (WHITFORDCORPORATION)

Xylan 1053/399A is a single film bonded lubricant coating designed for high load and lowspeed industrial/mechanical wear applications. The surfaces to be coated must be free of oil, grease, detergent, blast media, buffingcompound or any other contaminants. Most substrates can be cleaned using solventwiping or vapor degreasing. Additional treatment such as grit or bead blasting, acidetching, phosphating or priming could be used to enhance adhesion and chemicalresistance of the coating. Application of Xylan 1053/399A is done using conventional orelectrostatic spraying. The recommended curing cycle is a substrate temperature of 450°F(230°C) for 10 minutes. The ingredients of Xylan 1053/399A, as reported in the MSDS, are reported inTable A-31.

Table A-31. Ingredients of Whitford CorporationXylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

N-Methylpyrrolidone(NMP)

000872-50-4

52 N.E. N.E.

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5

3 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Xylene 001330-20-7

7 100 ppm 100 ppm

Ethyl Benzene 000100-41-4

1 100 ppm 100 ppm

Polytetrafluoro-ethylene (PTFE)

009002-84-0

N.R. 2.5 mg/m3 as F 2.5 mg/m3 asF

C.I. Pigment Yellow35 (CadmiumCompound)

008048-07-5

4 0.005 mg/m3 CdDust and Fume

0.01 mg/m3

Cd (InhalableParticulate)0.002 mg/m3

Cd(RespirableDust)


000108-10-1

5 100 ppm 50 ppm

Carbon Black 001333-86-4

N.R. 3.5 mg/m3 3.5 mg/m3


N.R. = Percentage Composition Not Reported N.E. = Not Established


Although there is no OSHA PEL or ACGIH TLV for NMP, the manufacturerrecommends an exposure limit of 100 ppm. Cadmium compounds are classified as aconfirmed carcinogen by experimental evidence and a suspected carcinogen by ACGIHand DGF. PTFE and carbon black are classified as questionable carcinogens by IARC. Additional Supporting Literature

• Whitford Corporation, “Xylan 1053 DF,” Material Safety Data Sheet,April 1, 1997

• Whitford Corporation, “Xylan 1053/399A,” Product Data Sheet. Point of Contact Veronica Barnes Whitford Corporation PO Box 2347 West Chester, PA 19380-0110 Phone: 610-296-3200 Fax: 610-647-4849


A.24. ZIP-CHEM D-5460 MOLY DRI-LUBE (ZIP-CHEM PRODUCTS, DIVISION OFANDPAK-EMA, INC.)

Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube is composed of MoS2 dispersed in a thermoplasticresin. Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube meets the specifications of GE-A50 TF192-52Class II. It was originally designed for lubrication of DC-8 flap track fairings. Thecoating air-dries in 5 minutes. Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube has a VOC content of approximately 0.80 lb/gal(96 g/l). The ingredients of Zip-Chem D-5460, as reported in the MSDS, are reported inTable A-32.

Table A-32. Ingredients of Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube


OSHA PEL ACGIHTLV

1,1,1-Trichloroethane(Methyl Chloroform)

000071-55-6

40 350 ppm 350 ppm

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5

<5 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3

Diethylene GlycolEthyl Ether

000111-90-0

0.2 N.E. N.E.

1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-Trifluoroethane(Freon 113)

000076-13-1

35 1000 ppm 1000 ppm

1,1-Difluoroethane 000075-37-6

20 N.E. N.E.

N.E. = Not Established 1,1,1-Trichloroethane is classified as a questionable carcinogen by IARC. Additional Supporting Literature

• Zip-Chem Products, “Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube,” Material SafetyData Sheet, March 28, 1996

• Zip-Chem Products, “Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube,” Product DataSheet.

Point of Contact

Georgia KinneyZip-Chem Products1860 Dobbin DriveSan Jose, CA 95133Phone: 408-729-0291Fax: 408-272-8062

APPENDIX B

ENVIRONMENTAL, SAFETY, AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH (ESOH) ANALYSISOF CURRENTLY USED DRY FILM LUBRICANTS

Potential Alternatives Report B-i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

B.1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR ESOH ANALYSIS OF CURRENTLYUSED DFLS........................................................................................................... B-1B.1.1. Environmental Background Analysis ....................................................... B-1B.1.2. Safety and Occupational Health Background Analysis ............................. B-1

B.2. ESOH ANALYSIS OF CURRENTLY USED DFLS.............................................. B-5B.2.1. C-200 High Temperature Lubricant (Fel-Pro Chemical Products, L.P.) .. B-5

B.2.1.1. Environmental Issues .............................................................. B-5B.2.1.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................... B-6

B.2.2. DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant (Dow Corning Corporation) .. B-8B.2.2.1. Environmental Issues .............................................................. B-8B.2.2.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................... B-9

B.2.3. Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating (Acheson Colloids Company) ......... B-11B.2.3.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-11B.2.3.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-12

B.2.4. Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant (Drilube Company) ...................... B-14B.2.4.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-14B.2.4.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-15

B.2.5. Ecoalube 642 (E/M® Corporation) ........................................................ B-18B.2.5.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-18B.2.5.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-19

B.2.6. Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant (E/MCorporation) ......................................................................................... B-21B.2.6.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-21B.2.6.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-22

B.2.7. Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ........................ B-25B.2.7.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-25B.2.7.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-26

B.2.8. K0548 Graphite Varnish (Pratt & Lambert, Sherwin-Williams) ............. B-28B.2.8.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-28B.2.8.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-29

B.2.9. Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)........................ B-31B.2.9.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-31B.2.9.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-32

B.2.10. Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ...................... B-35B.2.10.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-35B.2.10.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-35

B.2.11. Lube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ...................... B-38B.2.11.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-38B.2.11.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-38

B.2.12. Molydag 254 Lubricant (Acheson Colloids Company)........................... B-40B.2.12.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-40

Potential Alternatives Report B-ii

B.2.12.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-41B.2.13. Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating (Dow Corning

Corporation) ......................................................................................... B-43B.2.13.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-43B.2.13.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-44

B.2.14. Molykote X-15 Bonded Lubricant (Dow Corning Corporation) ............ B-47B.2.14.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-47B.2.14.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-48

B.2.15. Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation).......................... B-49B.2.15.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-49B.2.15.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-50

B.2.16. RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating (Acheson Colloids Company) .......... B-52B.2.16.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-52B.2.16.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-53

B.2.17. Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant (Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc.) .. B-55B.2.17.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-55B.2.17.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-55

B.2.18. Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A (Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc.)........... B-58B.2.18.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-58B.2.18.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-58

B.2.19. Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant (Tiodize Co., Inc.) .............................. B-60B.2.19.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-60B.2.19.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-61

B.2.20. Tiolube 75/75 Solid Film Lubricant (Tiodize Co., Inc.).......................... B-63B.2.20.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-63B.2.20.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-64

B.2.21. Tiolube 460 (Tiodize Co., Inc.) ............................................................. B-65B.2.21.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-65B.2.21.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-66

B.2.22. Tiolube 660-1 Dry Film Lubricant (Tiodize Co., Inc.) ........................... B-68B.2.23. Xylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant (Whitford

Corporation) ......................................................................................... B-68B.2.23.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-68B.2.23.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-69

B.2.24. Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube (Zip-Chem Products, Division ofAndpak-EMA, Inc.) .............................................................................. B-72B.2.24.1. Environmental Issues ............................................................ B-72B.2.24.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues .................................. B-73

Potential Alternatives Report B-iii

LIST OF TABLESPage

Table B-1. Background ESOH Analysis of Currently Used DFLs ...................................... B-3Table B-2. ESOH Analysis of Fel-Pro Chemical Products C-200 High Temperature

Lubricant ......................................................................................................... B-8Table B-3. ESOH Analysis of DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant......................... B-11Table B-4. ESOH Analysis of Acheson Colloids Company Dag 213 Bonded Graphite

Coating .......................................................................................................... B-13Table B-5. ESOH Analysis of Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant ................................. B-18Table B-6. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Ecoalube 642......................................... B-21Table B-7. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant

Solid Film Lubricant....................................................................................... B-25Table B-8. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant....... B-27Table B-9. ESOH Analysis of Sherwin-Williams K0548 Graphite Varnish........................ B-31Table B-10. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant ...... B-34Table B-11. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant ..... B-37Table B-12. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2396...................................... B-40Table B-13. ESOH Analysis of Acheson Colloids Company Molydag 254 Lubricant.......... B-42Table B-14. ESOH Analysis of Dow Corning Corporation Molykote 3400A Corrosion

Protective Coating ......................................................................................... B-47Table B-15. ESOH Analysis of Dow Corning Corporation Molykote X-15 Bonded

Lubricant ....................................................................................................... B-49Table B-16. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant......... B-52Table B-17. ESOH Analysis of Acheson Colloids Company RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant

Coating .......................................................................................................... B-54Table B-18. ESOH Analysis of Hohman Plating & Mfg. Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film

Lubricant ....................................................................................................... B-57Table B-19. ESOH Analysis of Hohman Plating & Mfg. Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A . B-60Table B-20. ESOH Analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant ..................... B-63Table B-21. ESOH Analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 75/75................................................. B-65Table B-22. ESOH Analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant ..................... B-68Table B-23. ESOH Analysis of Whitford Corporation Xylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film

Lubricant ....................................................................................................... B-72Table B-24. ESOH Analysis of Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube..................................... B-75


Potential Alternatives Report B-1

The environmental, safety, and occupational health (ESOH) analysis in this appendix containsdetailed descriptions of ESOH characteristics of a number of currently used dry film lubricants(DFLs), as a supplement to the summary presented in Section 2.2 of this Potential AlternativesReport (PAR). This analysis is intended to provide appropriate information for comparing theESOH characteristics of the currently used DFLs with those of the viable alternative nonleadDFLs (see Section 5 and Appendix D).

Because of the limited scope of this ESOH analysis, it is understood that this assessment willprovide a general outline of the ESOH characteristics of the currently used DFLs and may notreveal every possible deficiency or hazard. Concurrent Technologies Corporation (CTC) assumesno responsibility for the safe operation and maintenance of the manufacturing technology or forany ESOH hazards or releases resulting from operation and maintenance of the manufacturingtechnology.

B.1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR ESOH ANALYSIS OF CURRENTLYUSED DFLS

B.1.1. Environmental Background Analysis

Each currently used DFL may be governed, to a greater or lesser extent, by federalenvironmental laws and regulations. Therefore, a regulatory review of eachcurrently used DFL was conducted as part of the ESOH analysis. Each DFL wasreviewed to determine the extent of its regulation under the Clean Air Act (CAA);Clean Water Act (CWA); Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA);Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA); andComprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act(CERCLA). Constituents of the currently used DFLs were also compared to theUnited States Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) list of 17 high-riskpriority chemicals, called the “EPA 17” list. Even DFLs containing ingredientsthat are heavily regulated under one or more of these laws are still available for useby facilities, although most facilities wisely restrict their use.

A currently used DFL is described as having “failed” environmental criteria onregulatory grounds if it contains a constituent whose use has been or is scheduledto be banned by EPA. Otherwise, the currently used DFL “passes” thisbackground analysis.

B.1.2. Safety and Occupational Health Background Analysis

Each identified constituent of the currently used DFL, when available, wasreviewed in terms of its potential toxicity as a known or suspected humancarcinogen, human teratogen, human genotoxicant, or human neurotoxicant. Eachof these categories is briefly defined and described below.

B-2 Potential Alternatives Report

• Human Carcinogen: Those agents, including organic and inorganiccompounds, that have an ability to induce carcinomas (cancer) inhumans. For this analysis, those constituents that show clear orsuspected evidence of carcinogenic activity in humans as concludedby such organizations as the National Toxicology Program (NTP),EPA’s Office of Science and Technology Weight-of-EvidencePolicy, the American Conference of Government IndustrialHygienists (ACGIH), the German Research Society (DFG), and theInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) areconsidered to be human carcinogens.

• Human Teratogen: Those agents that are determined or suspectedto cause any detrimental effect (structural or functional) duringembryonic development after exposure are considered to beteratogens. Such exposure may occur before conception or duringpregnancy.

• Human Genotoxicant: Those agents determined or suspected to beDNA-reactive (genotoxic), where available information is sufficient,are considered to be human genotoxicants.

• Human Neurotoxicant: Those agents that are determined orsuspected to cause toxic effects to the human nervous system fromexposure at expected occupational concentrations are considered tobe neurotoxicants.

Those DFLs containing constituents determined to be known or suspectedtoxicants in the categories listed above, based on available literature, are noted as“failed.” Those DFLs containing constituents for which data are not sufficient toclassify as known or suspected human toxicants are noted as “passed.” The results of the ESOH analysis performed using these criteria and the criteria inSection B.1.1 are summarized in Table B-1. A more detailed ESOH analysis ofthe currently used DFLs is contained in Section B.2.


Table B-1. Background ESOH Analysis of Currently Used DFLs

Product HEALTH AND SAFETY CRITERIA Environmental Carcinogen Teratogen Genotoxicant Neurotoxicant Criteria Known Suspected Known Suspected Known Suspected Known Suspected

C-200 High Temp.Lubricant

Fail Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass

DOW CORNING®

321 Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass (Fail) (Fail) Pass

Dag 213 Pass Pass Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass Drilube No. 6A Fail Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass Ecoalube® 642 Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Pass Everlube® 620C Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Pass Everlube 9002 Fail Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass K0548 GraphiteVarnish

Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Pass

Lube-Lok® 99A(with 6600Solvent/withDioxane)

Fail Fail Pass Pass+ Fail/ Pass

Fail/Pass+ Fail Fail Pass

Lube-Lok 2006RTA

Pass Pass Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass

Lube-Lok 2396 Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Molydag 254 Fail Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass

+ = Experimental animal data have been observed. ( ) = Surrogate constituent(s) used for ESOH background analysis. Note: Because of the limited scope of this ESOH analysis, it is understood that this assessment will provide a general outline of the ESOH characteristics of the

currently used DFLs and may not reveal every possible deficiency or hazard. CTC assumes no responsibility for the safe operation and maintenance ofthe manufacturing technology or for any environmental, safety, and occupational health hazards or releases resulting from operation and maintenance ofthe manufacturing technology.

(Table B-1 continued on next page)


Table B-1. Background ESOH Analysis of Currently Used DFLs (Continued)

Product Health And Safety Criteria Environmental Carcinogen Teratogen Genotoxicant Neurotoxicant Criteria Known Suspected Known Suspected Known Suspected Known Suspected

Molykote® 3400ACorrosionProtective Coating


Molykote X-15Bonded Lubricant

Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass

Perma-Slik® G Fail Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass RJ 143 Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Surf-Kote® A-1625 Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Pass Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A

Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass

Tiolube 70 (aerosol) Fail Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass Tiolube 75/75 Fail Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Pass Pass Pass Tiolube 460 Fail Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass Tiolube 660-1 Information not available Xylan® 1053/399A Fail Fail Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Fail Fail Pass Zip-Chem D-5460Moly Dri-Lube

Pass Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Fail


currently used DFLs and may not reveal every possible deficiency or hazard. CTC assumes no responsibility for the safe operation and maintenance ofthe manufacturing technology or for any environmental, safety, and occupational health hazards or releases resulting from operation and maintenance ofthe manufacturing technology.


B.2. ESOH ANALYSIS OF CURRENTLY USED DFLS This section describes in detail the ESOH impact of the currently used DFLs (refer toSection 2.2 of this PAR). Each product discussion includes a description of chemicals ofconcern, exposure effects, toxicity and exposure ratings (explained below), suggestedpersonal protective equipment (PPE), and an analysis of regulatory concerns. Thisinformation was obtained by analyzing material safety data sheets (MSDSs) from thevendors of the currently used products as well as other reference materials. Using available resources, each currently used DFL was evaluated to determine the extentof its regulation under major federal environmental laws: CAA, RCRA, CWA,Section 313 of EPCRA, and CERCLA. In addition, the constituents of each DFL werecompared to the EPA 17 list. The criteria used for this evaluation are described in Section2.2.1 of this PAR. Each DFL will be governed, to a greater or lesser extent, by federalenvironmental laws and regulations. Even constituents that are heavily regulated underone or more of these laws are still available for use by facilities, although most facilitieswisely restrict their use. Each currently used DFL was given a toxicity rating, exposure rating, and an overallhazard rating based on the criteria explained in Section 2.2.2 of this PAR. Toxicity ratingsand exposure ratings of high, medium, and low, were assigned to the DFLs based on theanalysis of the available literature, the relative quantities of each constituent in eachproduct, and best professional judgement. Parameters reviewed included median lethalconcentrations (LC50s), median lethal doses (LD50s), permissible exposure limits (PELs)promulgated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), andthreshold limit values (TLVs) issued by the ACGIH. The hazard rating for each product isderived from the toxicity ratings and exposure ratings of the product constituents, andgives an overall safety and occupational health rating to the currently used DFL. This ESOH analysis can be used to make direct comparisons to the ESOH issuesassociated with viable alternative products (refer to Section 5 of this PAR, andAppendix D). A summary of the following ESOH analysis of the currently used DFLs may be found inTable 6 in Section 2.2 of this PAR. B.2.1. C-200 High Temperature Lubricant (Fel-Pro Chemical Products, L.P.)

B.2.1.1. Environmental Issues

A brief regulatory analysis of C-200 High Temperature Lubricant from Fel-Pro Chemical Products is provided below.

• Air Emissions: C-200 High Temperature Lubricantcontains two constituents that are listed as hazardous air


pollutants (HAPs) under the CAA: xylene and lead (presentin C-200 High Temperature Lubricant as lead monoxide).The volatile organic compound (VOC) content is notreported by the manufacturer.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least twoconstituents of C-200 High Temperature Lubricant maygenerate RCRA hazardous waste: xylene and lead (in leadmonoxide). Xylene is listed as hazardous waste numbersF003 and U239, and lead is listed as hazardous wastenumber D008.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use of C-200High Temperature Lubricant may result in waste streamscontaining either or both of two regulated chemicals:xylene and lead (in lead monoxide). Xylene is designated asa hazardous substance under CWA Section 311. Lead isdesignated under the CWA as both a toxic and prioritypollutant. In addition, effluent limitation guidelines havebeen developed for lead.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofC-200 High Temperature Lubricant are required to be listedon Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) reports under EPCRASection 313: xylene and lead.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This DFL contains xyleneand lead which are listed as hazardous substances underCERCLA.

• EPA 17: Two constituents present in C-200 HighTemperature Lubricant are included on the EPA 17 list:xylene and inorganic lead containing compounds (leadmonoxide).

B.2.1.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFL C-200High Temperature Lubricant. This rating is based on a determination thatC-200 High Temperature Lubricant has a medium toxicity rating and amedium to high exposure rating. A medium hazard rating indicates that anoverall moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity andworker exposure properties of this currently used DFL. Worker exposurecontrols should be reviewed and properly implemented to protect thehealth and safety of workers using C-200 High Temperature Lubricant.Constituents of concern and exposure effects for C-200 High TemperatureLubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in C-200 High Temperature Lubricant includegraphite, lead monoxide, xylene, hydrotreated heavy naphthenic petroleumdistillates (CAS # 064742-52-5), molybdenum disulfide, and phenyl methyl


silicone resin (CAS # 068037-66-1). For information on exposure limitsand product composition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• The mixture of hydrotreated heavy naphthenic petroleumdistillates is a confirmed human carcinogen. Lead monoxideis a suspected human carcinogen.

• Xylene is a known human neurotoxicant.

Experimental animal data have been observed for the following chemicals.

• Xylene and synthetic graphite (surrogate for graphite in thisanalysis) have been shown to be teratogens and/orreproductive toxicants in laboratory animals.

• Animal mutation data exist for lead monoxide, xylene, andhydrotreated heavy naphthenic petroleum distillates.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens(genotoxicants), or neurotoxicants were identified in C-200 HighTemperature Lubricant. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern mayrange from irritation to central nervous system damage. Identified oralLD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate amoderate level of toxicity. The lowest LD50 and LC50 values identified forconstituents of concern are an oral LD50 of 4300 milligrams per kilogramof body mass (mg/kg) and an inhalation LC50 of 5000 milligrams per cubicmeter (mg/m3), both for xylene. Additional health effects of the DFLconstituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to C-200 HighTemperature Lubricant may include, but may not be limitedto, eye injury, skin irritation and dermatitis, liver and kidneyinjury, headaches, nausea, and vomiting.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to aggravation of pre-existingpulmonary and dermatological disorders, liver and kidneydamage, red blood cell damage, anemia, central nervoussystem damage, neurological/neuromuscular dysfunction,pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, pneumoconiosis,encephalopathy, muscle weakness, convulsions, birthdefects, spontaneous abortion, or decreased sperm motility.

Currently used DFL C-200 High Temperature Lubricant was assigned amedium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, C-200 HighTemperature Lubricant was given a medium to high exposure rating.


Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using C-200 High Temperature Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where C-200High Temperature Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields andimpervious gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Fel-Pro Chemical Products C-200High Temperature Lubricant is provided in Table B-2.

Table B-2. ESOH Analysis of Fel-Pro Chemical ProductsC-200 High Temperature Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium to High Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 2 Air Emissions – VOCs Yesd

Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 2 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 2 EPA 17 Constituents 2

a The toxicity rating is based on the criteria described in Section 2.2.2. b The exposure rating is based on the criteria described in Section 2.2.2. c The hazard rating is determined by considering the toxicity ratings and exposure

ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent. d The quantity of VOCs emitted during use of this products is unknown, but the

presence of xylene in the product implies that VOCs are emitted.

B.2.2. DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant (Dow Corning Corporation)

B.2.2.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant isprovided below.


• Air Emissions: DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant

does not contain any constituents that are listed as HAPs.The aerosol form contains approximately 860 grams VOCper liter of lubricant (g/l).

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use of DOWCORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant does not appear toresult in the generation of any hazardous waste, solid wastesludge may result and must be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of DOW CORNING 321Dry Film Lubricant does not result in the discharge of anyregulated waste streams under the CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: None of the constituents ofDOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant are required to belisted on TRI reports under EPCRA Section 313.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLdoes not contain any constituents which are listed ashazardous substances under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: There are no constituents of DOW CORNING321 Dry Film Lubricant included on the EPA 17 list ofchemicals targeted for strict regulation.

B.2.2.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFL DOWCORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant. This rating is based on thedetermination that DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant has a mediumtoxicity rating and a low to medium exposure rating. A medium hazardrating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this currently usedDFL. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and properlyimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers using DOWCORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant. Constituents of concern and exposureeffects for DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricantinclude molybdenum disulfide, graphite, Stoddard solvent, polybutyltitanate and sweetened liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). For information onexposure limits and product composition, see Appendix A. Stoddardsolvent and LPG (used as a surrogate for sweetened LPG) are bothconfirmed human neurotoxicants. Synthetic graphite, a compound virtuallyidentical to natural graphite, has been shown to be a teratogen in laboratoryanimals. No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagensor neurotoxicants were identified in DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film


Lubricant. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range fromirritation to cardiac muscle sensitization. Identified LD50s and inhalationLC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate moderate toxicity. Thelowest LD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents of concern are anintravenous (iv) LD50 for synthetic graphite of 440 mg/kg and an inhalationLC50 of 24 mg/m3 for 1,3,5-trimethyl benzene, a component of Stoddardsolvent. Additional health effects of the DFL constituents are discussedbelow.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to DOWCORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant may include, but maynot be limited to, irritation of the eyes, frostbite type burn toeyes and skin, skin irritation with redness and swelling,irritation of the nose and throat and cardiac musclesensitization.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Currently used DFL DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant wasassigned a medium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50sand LC50s) of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, DOWCORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant was given a low to medium exposurerating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant. Administrativecontrols may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and jobsharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area whereDOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant is in use. PPE is required forworker health protection throughout the DFL application process, andmust include protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses and chemical resistantgloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye washstation, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended ifexposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of DOW CORNING 321 Dry FilmLubricant is provided in Table B-3.


Table B-3. ESOH Analysis of DOW CORNING321 Dry Film Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Low to Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 0 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters No TRI Reporting 0 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 0 EPA 17 Constituents 0


ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent.

B.2.3. Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating (Acheson Colloids Company)


A brief regulatory analysis of Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating fromAcheson Colloids Company is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating containsfour constituents that are listed as HAPs: toluene,formaldehyde (trace amounts), 2-butoxyethanol (also referredto as butyl cellosolve or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether), andxylene. This product emits VOCs totaling 708 g/l.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least fourconstituents of Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating maygenerate RCRA hazardous waste. These four substancesand their listed hazardous waste numbers are toluene (F005and U220), formaldehyde (U122), n-butyl alcohol (F003and U031), and xylene (F003 and U239).

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofDag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating may result in wastestreams containing any of five regulated compounds:toluene, formaldehyde, xylene, n-butyl alcohol, and2-butoxyethanol. Toluene, formaldehyde, and xylene aredesignated hazardous substances under CWA Section 311.Toluene and formaldehyde are designated under the CWA


as both toxic and priority pollutants. Toluene, n-butylalcohol and 2-butoxyethanol are listed as pretreatmentpollutants. In addition, effluent limitation guidelines havebeen developed for both toluene and formaldehyde.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofDag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating are required to be listedon TRI reports under EPCRA Section 313: toluene,formaldehyde (trace), n-butyl alcohol, 2-butoxyethanol, andxylene.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This DFL containstoluene, formaldehyde (trace), n-butyl alcohol,2-butoxyethanol, and xylene which are listed as hazardoussubstances under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: Toluene, formaldehyde (trace), and xylene areincluded on the EPA 17 list of chemicals targeted for strictregulation.

B.2.3.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium to high hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLDag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating. This rating is based on thedetermination that Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating has a mediumtoxicity rating and a high exposure rating. A medium to high hazard ratingindicates that an overall moderate to high ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this DFL. Workerexposure controls should be reviewed and properly implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating.Constituents of concern and exposure effects for Dag 213 BondedGraphite Coating are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating includepropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, toluene, n-butyl alcohol, graphite,formaldehyde, xylene, and 2-butoxyethanol. For information on exposurelimits and product composition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• Formaldehyde (present in trace quantities) is a confirmedhuman carcinogen.

• Formaldehyde (present in trace quantities) is a confirmedhuman genotoxicant.

• Toluene, n-butyl alcohol, formaldehyde, xylene, and2-butoxyethanol are known human neurotoxicants.



• Toluene, n-butyl alcohol, graphite, formaldehyde, xylene,and 2-butoxyethanol have been shown to be teratogensand/or reproductive toxicants in laboratory animals.

• Animal mutation data exist for toluene, n-butyl alcohol, andxylene.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens(genotoxicants) or neurotoxicants were identified in Dag 213 BondedGraphite Coating. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may rangefrom irritation to bone marrow hypoplasia. Identified oral LD50s andinhalation LC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate a moderate levelof toxicity. The lowest LD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents ofconcern are an oral LD50 of 42 mg/kg and an inhalation LC50 of 400mg/m3, both for formaldehyde. Additional health effects of the DFLconstituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Dag 213Bonded Graphite Coating may include, but may not belimited to, dermatitis and irritation of the eyes and skin.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to bone marrow hypoplasia resulting inanemia and/or leucopenia; enlarged liver; or olfactory,conjunctiva, and pulmonary changes.

Currently used DFL Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating was assigned amedium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Dag 213 BondedGraphite Coating was given a high exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where Dag 213Bonded Graphite Coating is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields,impervious gloves, and chemical-resistant clothing to prevent skin contact)and approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye washstation, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators with air supply arerequired if exposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Acheson Colloids Company Dag 213Bonded Graphite Coating is provided in Table B-4.

Table B-4. ESOH Analysis of Acheson Colloids CompanyDag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating


Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb High Hazard Ratingc Medium to High Air Emissions – HAPs 4/3d

Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 5/4d

CERCLA Hazardous Substances 5/4d

EPA 17 Constituents 3/2d


ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent. d One of the listed constituents is present only in trace quantities.

B.2.4. Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant (Drilube Company)

B.2.4.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricantcontains seven constituents that are listed as HAPs. Theseconstituents are toluene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), anantimony compound (antimony trioxide), a lead compound(lead oxide phosphonate), 2-butoxyethanol (also referred toas butyl cellosolve, or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether),formaldehyde (trace quantities), and phenol (tracequantities). This product emits VOCs totaling 347 g/l.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least sixconstituents of Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant maygenerate RCRA hazardous waste. These six substances andtheir listed hazardous waste numbers are MEK (D035, F005and U159), toluene (F005 and U220), inorganic leadcompounds (D008), ethyl acetate (F003 and U112),formaldehyde (U122), and phenol (U188).

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofDrilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant may result in wastestreams containing any of six regulated chemicals: lead,antimony, toluene, formaldehyde, 2-butoxyethanol, and


phenol. Antimony, toluene, formaldehyde, and phenol aredesignated hazardous substances under CWA Section 311.Lead, toluene, formaldehyde, and phenol are designatedunder the CWA as both toxic and priority pollutants.Toluene, 2-butoxyethanol, and phenol are listed as apretreatment pollutants. In addition, effluent limitationguidelines have been developed for lead, toluene,formaldehyde, and phenol.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofDrilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant are required to belisted on TRI reports under CERCLA: toluene, MEK,inorganic antimony compound (antimony trioxide),inorganic lead compound (lead oxide phosphonate),2-butoxyethanol, formaldehyde (trace), and phenol (trace).

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: Drilube No. 6A SolidFilm Lubricant contains toluene, MEK, an inorganicantimony compound, an inorganic lead compound, ethylacetate, 2-butoxyethanol, formaldehyde (trace), and phenol(trace), all of which are listed under CERCLA as hazardoussubstances.

• EPA 17: MEK, toluene, lead (in lead oxide phosphonate),and formaldehyde (trace) are included on the EPA 17 list ofchemicals targeted for strict regulation.

B.2.4.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLDrilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant. This rating is based on thedetermination that Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant has a mediumtoxicity rating and a medium to high exposure rating. A medium hazardrating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this currently usedDFL. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and properlyimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers using DrilubeNo. 6A Solid Film Lubricant. Constituents of concern and exposureeffects for Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant includemolybdenum disulfide, antimony trioxide, lead oxide phosphonate,organophilic clay, toluene, ethyl acetate, MEK, 2-butoxyethanol, epoxysolution, phenol/formaldehyde polymer (including residual free phenol andformaldehyde), polymethylphenylsiloxane resin solution, mixed terpenealcohols and hydrocarbons, and ethylamine with boron trifluoride. Forinformation on exposure limits and product composition see Appendix A.


The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• Antimony trioxide is considered to be a confirmedcarcinogen by the DFG. Formaldehyde (present in tracequantities) is a known human carcinogen. Phenol (presentin trace quantities) and lead monoxide (used as a surrogatefor lead oxide phosphonate in this analysis) are suspectedhuman carcinogens.

• Phenol and formaldehyde, which may be present in residualamounts, are known human genotoxicants.

• Formaldehyde present in trace quantities, toluene, ethylacetate, MEK, and 2-butoxyethanol are known humanneurotoxicants.


• Antimony trioxide, toluene, MEK, and 2-butoxyethanolhave been shown to be teratogens and/or reproductivetoxicants in laboratory animals. Phenol and formaldehyde,which may be present in residual amounts, have also beenshown to be teratogens and/or reproductive toxicants inlaboratory animals.

• Animal mutation data exist for lead monoxide (a surrogateused for lead oxide phosphonate in this analysis), antimonytrioxide, toluene, ethyl acetate, and MEK.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant.Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation topneumoconiosis. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for thechemicals of concern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowestLD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oralLD50 of 400 mg ethylamine (surrogate for ethylamine with borontrifluoride)/kg of body weight and an inhalation LC50 of 700 mg/m3 for2-butoxyethanol. Note that among residual ingredients, formaldehyde hasan oral LD50 of 42 mg/kg, and phenol has an LC50 of 177 mg/m3.Additional health effects of the DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Drilube No. 6ASolid Film Lubricant may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the nose and throat, mental dullness,drowsiness, stupor, headache, nausea, and unconsciousness.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to bone marrow changes, including


anemia or leucocytosis, effects on spleen, heart, lungs,central nervous system, degeneration of viscera, andpneumoconiosis.

Currently used DFL Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant was assigned amedium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Drilube No. 6ASolid Film Lubricant was given a medium to high exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where DrilubeNo. 6A Solid Film Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection during prolonged contact, and should include imperviousclothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields and gloves,boots, apron, and full-body suit depending on operation). Approvedemergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower,etc.). Approved fitted, full-face atmosphere-supplying or air-purifyingrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricantis provided in Table B-5.


Table B-5. ESOH Analysis of Drilube No. 6A Solid Film Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium to High Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 7/5d



EPA 17 Constituents 4/3e


ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent. d Two of the listed constituents are present only in trace quantities. e One of the listed constituents is present only in trace quantities.

B.2.5. Ecoalube 642 (E/M® Corporation)

B.2.5.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of E/M Corporation Ecoalube 642 is providedbelow.

• Air Emissions: Toluene, MEK, antimony compounds, lead

compounds, and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) are listedby the CAA as HAPs. In addition, Ecoalube 642 containsVOCs at 695 g/l.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least fiveconstituents of this lubricant may result in RCRA hazardouswaste. These five substances and their listed hazardouswaste numbers are MEK (D035, F005 and U159), toluene(F005 and U220), an inorganic lead compound (D008), n-butyl alcohol (F003 and U031), and MIBK (F003 andU161).

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofEcoalube 642 may result in waste streams containing any ofsix regulated chemicals: antimony, phosphoric acid,toluene, lead, MIBK, and n-butyl alcohol. Antimony,phosphoric acid, and toluene are designated hazardous


substances under CWA Section 311. Toluene and lead aredesignated under the CWA as both toxic and prioritypollutants. Toluene, MIBK, and n-butyl alcohol are listedas pretreatment pollutants. In addition, effluent limitationguidelines have been developed for both toluene and lead.

• Reporting Requirements: Toluene, MEK, inorganicantimony compounds, inorganic lead compounds (present inEcoalube 642 as lead oxide phosphonate), n-butyl alcohol,MIBK, and phosphoric acid are subject to reportingrequirements of Section 313 of EPCRA (TRI reports).

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains the following constituents which are listed ahazardous substances under CERCLA: toluene, MEK, aninorganic antimony compound, an inorganic leadcompound, n-butyl alcohol, MIBK, and phosphoric acid.

• EPA 17: MEK, toluene, MIBK, and inorganic leadcompounds are included on the EPA 17 list of chemicaltargeted for strict regulation.

B.2.5.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium to high hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLEcoalube 642. This rating is based on the determination that Ecoalube 642has a medium toxicity rating and a high exposure rating. A medium to highhazard rating indicates that an overall moderate to high ESOH concern iscaused by the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of thiscurrently used DFL. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed andproperly implemented to protect the health and safety of workers usingEcoalube 642. Constituents of concern and exposure effects for this DFLare discussed below. Constituents of concern in Ecoalube 642 include toluene, MEK, ethylalcohol, molybdenum disulfide, antimony trioxide, lead oxide phosphonate,phosphoric acid, MIBK, and n-butyl alcohol. For information on exposurelimits and product composition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• Ethyl alcohol is a confirmed human carcinogen andantimony trioxide is considered to be a confirmedcarcinogen by the DFG. Lead monoxide (a surrogate usedfor lead oxide phosphonate in this analysis) is a suspectedhuman carcinogen.


• Ethyl alcohol is a known human teratogen.• Ethyl alcohol is a known human genotoxicant.• Ethyl alcohol, toluene, MEK, MIBK, and n-butyl alcohol

are known human neurotoxicants.


• Antimony trioxide, toluene, MEK, MIBK, and n-butylalcohol are have been shown to be teratogens and/orreproductive toxicants in laboratory animals.

• Animal mutation data exist for lead monoxide (a surrogateused for lead oxide phosphonate in this analysis), antimonytrioxide, toluene, and MEK.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Ecoalube 642. Toxic effects for theconstituents of concern may range from irritation to unconsciousness.Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicals of concern alsoindicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowest LD50 and LC50 valuesidentified for constituents of concern are an oral LD50 of 790 mg/kg for n-butyl alcohol and an inhalation LC50 of 400 parts per million (ppm) fortoluene. Additional health effects of the DFL constituents are discussedbelow.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Ecoalube 642may include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyes,including redness and blurred vision, skin irritation,dermatitis, respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tractirritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and nervous systemdepression, including dizziness, fatigue, headache, andunconsciousness.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to central nervous system depression orliver, kidney, lung, and spleen damage.

Currently used DFL Ecoalube 642 was assigned a medium toxicity rating,based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Ecoalube 642 was given a highexposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Ecoalube 642. Administrative controls may be appropriate aswell (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sourcesshould be removed from the area where Ecoalube 642 is in use. PPE isrequired for worker health protection throughout the DFL application


process, and must include protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses withnonperforated sideshields and impervious gloves). Approved emergencyfacilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.).Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposure limits are to beexceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M Corporation Ecoalube 642 isprovided in Table B-6.

Table B-6. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Ecoalube 642

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb High Hazard Ratingc Medium to High Air Emissions – HAPs 5 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 7 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 7 EPA 17 Constituents 4



B.2.6. Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)

B.2.6.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant SolidFilm Lubricant contains a number of constituents that arelisted as HAPs. These constituents are toluene, MEK,2-butoxyethanol (also referred to as butyl cellosolve, orethylene glycol monobutyl ether), phenol (in trace amounts),formaldehyde (in trace amounts), and an inorganic antimonycompound. This product emits VOCs totaling 688 g/l in itsconcentrated form and 802 g/l when it is ready-to-apply.


• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least fourconstituents of Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant SolidFilm Lubricant may be classified as hazardous waste: MEK,toluene, phenol, and formaldehyde. MEK is listed ashazardous waste numbers D035, F005, and U159; tolueneas F005 and U220; phenol as U188; and formaldehyde asU122.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofEverlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricantmay result in waste streams containing any of five regulatedsubstances: toluene, antimony, phenol, formaldehyde, and2-butoxyethanol. Toluene, antimony, phenol, andformaldehyde are designated hazardous substances underCWA Section 311. Toluene, phenol, and formaldehyde aredesignated under the CWA as both toxic and prioritypollutants. Toluene, 2-butoxyethanol, and phenol are listedas a pretreatment pollutants. In addition, effluent limitationguidelines have been developed for toluene, phenol, andformaldehyde.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofEverlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricantare required to be listed on TRI reports under EPCRASection 313: toluene, MEK, isopropyl alcohol,2-butoxyethanol, inorganic antimony, formaldehyde (trace),and phenol (trace).

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains toluene, MEK, inorganic antimony,2-butoxyethanol, phenol (trace), and formaldehyde (trace)which are listed as hazardous substances under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: Three constituents are listed on the EPA 17 list ofchemical targeted for strict regulation: MEK, toluene, andformaldehyde (trace).

B.2.6.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLEverlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant. This rating isbased on the determination that Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant SolidFilm Lubricant has a medium toxicity rating and a medium exposure rating.A medium hazard rating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concernis caused by the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of thiscurrently used DFL. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed andproperly implemented to protect the health and safety of workers usingEverlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant. Constituents of


concern and exposure effects for Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant SolidFilm Lubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid FilmLubricant include toluene, MEK, ethyl alcohol, molybdenum disulfide,antimony trioxide, petroleum spirits, 2-butoxyethanol, isopropyl alcohol,and aromatic naphtha. Formaldehyde and phenol are present in traceamounts. 600 Solvent (E/M Corporation), used with the product, containstoluene and ethyl alcohol. For information on exposure limits and productcomposition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• Ethyl alcohol and formaldehyde (trace amount) are knownhuman carcinogens. Antimony trioxide is considered to be aconfirmed carcinogen by the DFG. Suspected humancarcinogens include petroleum spirits, isopropyl alcohol,and phenol (trace amount).

• Ethyl alcohol is a known human teratogen.• Ethyl alcohol, phenol (trace amount), and formaldehyde

(trace amount) are known human genotoxicants.• Toluene, MEK, ethyl alcohol, petroleum spirits,

2-butoxyethanol, isopropyl alcohol, and formaldehyde (traceamount) are known human neurotoxicants.


• Toluene, MEK, antimony trioxide, 2-butoxyethanol,isopropyl alcohol, phenol (trace amount), and formaldehyde(trace amount) have been shown to be teratogens and/orreproductive toxicants in laboratory animals.

• Animal mutation data exist for toluene, MEK, antimonytrioxide, and isopropyl alcohol.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant SolidFilm Lubricant. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may rangefrom irritation to unconsciousness. Identified oral LD50s and inhalationLC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate a moderate level oftoxicity. The lowest LD50 and LC50 values identified for the significantconstituents of concern are an oral LD50 of 470 mg/kg for 2-butoxyethanoland an inhalation LC50 of 400 ppm for toluene. Among the traceconstituents, formaldehyde has an oral LD50 of 42 mg/kg, and phenol has


an LC50 of 177 mg/m3. Additional health effects of the DFL constituentsare discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Everlube 620CCorrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant may include, butmay not be limited to, irritation of the eyes including blurredvision and redness, skin irritation, respiratory irritation,gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting anddiarrhea, central nervous system effects including dizziness,fatigue, headache, and unconsciousness.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to bronchitis, pneumoconiosis,dermatitis, skin lesions, nausea, anorexia, anemia,osteoporosis, bone joint abnormalities, central nervousdepression, deficient lactation, and male sterility.

Currently used DFL Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid FilmLubricant was assigned a medium toxicity rating, based on publishedtoxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents. Based on PELsand TLVs, Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant wasgiven a medium exposure rating.

Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant.Administrative controls may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure timelimits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed fromthe area where Everlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant isin use. PPE is required for worker health protection throughout the DFLapplication process, and must include protective clothing (e.g., safetyglasses with nonperforated sideshields and impervious gloves). Approvedemergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower,etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposure limits areto be exceeded.

A summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 620CCorrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant is provided in Table B-7.


Table B-7. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationEverlube 620C Corrosion-Resistant Solid Film Lubricant

Category RatingToxicity Ratinga MediumExposure Ratingb MediumHazard Ratingc MediumAir Emissions – HAPs 6/4d

Air Emissions – VOCs YesWastes Generated – Solid YesWastes Generated – Hazardous YesRegulated Wastewaters YesTRI Reporting 7/5d


EPA 17 Constituents 3/2e

a The toxicity rating is based on the criteria described in Section 2.2.2. b The exposure rating is based on the criteria described in Section 2.2.2.c The hazard rating is determined by considering the toxicity ratings and exposure

ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent.d Two of the listed constituents are present only in trace quantities.e One of the listed constituents is present only in trace quantities.

B.2.7. Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)


A brief regulatory analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 9002 Solid FilmLubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricantcontains two constituents that are listed as HAPs, anantimony compound and 2-butoxyethanol (also referred toas butyl cellosolve, or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether).This product emits VOCs totaling 183 g/l.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least oneconstituent of Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant maygenerate waste sludge that must be disposed of as a RCRAhazardous waste: isobutyl alcohol. Isobutyl alcohol islisted as hazardous waste numbers F005 and U140.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Everlube 9002 SolidFilm Lubricant may result in waste streams containing eitheror both of two regulated chemicals: antimony and2-butoxyethanol (butyl cellosolve). Antimony is a


designated hazardous substance under CWA Section 311.2-Butoxyethanol is listed as a pretreatment pollutant.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofEverlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant are required to be listedon TRI reports under EPCRA Section 313: inorganicantimony and 2-butoxyethanol.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains inorganic antimony, 2-butoxyethanol, and isobutylalcohol. These constituents are listed as hazardoussubstances under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: There are no constituents included on the EPA 17list of chemicals targeted for strict regulation.

B.2.7.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLEverlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant. This rating is based on thedetermination that Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant has a mediumtoxicity rating and a medium exposure rating. A medium hazard ratingindicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemicaltoxicity and worker exposure properties of this currently used DFL.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and properly implemented toprotect the health and safety of workers using Everlube 9002 Solid FilmLubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effects for Everlube 9002Solid Film Lubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant includemolybdenum disulfide, antimony trioxide, 2-butoxyethanol, and isobutylalcohol. For information on exposure limits and product composition seeAppendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• Antimony trioxide is considered to be a confirmedcarcinogen by the DFG. Isobutyl alcohol is a suspectedhuman carcinogen.

• 2-Butoxyethanol and isobutyl alcohol are known humanneurotoxicants.


• Antimony trioxide and isobutyl alcohol have been shown tobe teratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.


• Animal mutation data exist for antimony trioxide andisobutyl alcohol.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant.Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation topneumoconiosis. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for thechemicals of concern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowestLD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oralLD50 of 470 mg/kg and an inhalation LC50 of 700 mg/m3, both for2-butoxyethanol. Additional health effects of the DFL constituents arediscussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Everlube 9002Solid Film Lubricant may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the eyes including blurred vision, skin irritation,dermatitis, gastrointestinal tract irritation including nausea,vomiting, and diarrhea.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to liver, kidney, spleen, heart and lungdamage including pneumoconiosis, and central nervoussystem depression.

Currently used DFL Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant was assigned amedium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Everlube 9002 SolidFilm Lubricant was given a medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where Everlube9002 Solid Film Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields andimpervious gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 9002 SolidFilm Lubricant is provided in Table B-8.

Table B-8. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationEverlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant

Category Rating


Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 2 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 2 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 3 EPA 17 Constituents 0



B.2.8. K0548 Graphite Varnish (Pratt & Lambert, Sherwin-Williams)

B.2.8.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Sherwin-Williams K0548 Graphite Varnish isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: K0548 Graphite Varnish contains oneconstituent that is classified as a HAP, formaldehyde(present in trace quantities). In addition, this currently usedDFL emits VOCs totaling 5.8 pounds per gallon (lb/gal).

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least twoconstituents of K0548 Graphite Varnish may generateRCRA hazardous waste. These two substances and theirlisted hazardous waste numbers are n-butyl alcohol (F003and U031) and formaldehyde (U122).

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofK0548 Graphite Varnish may result in waste streamscontaining any of four regulated compounds: amyl acetate,formaldehyde (trace), n-butyl alcohol, and hexylene glycol.Amyl acetate and formaldehyde are designated hazardoussubstances under CWA Section 311. Formaldehyde isdesignated under the CWA as both a toxic and prioritypollutant. n-Butyl alcohol and hexylene glycol are listed aspretreatment pollutants. In addition, effluent limitationguidelines have been developed for formaldehyde.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofK0548 Graphite Varnish are required to be listed on TRI


reports under EPCRA Section 313: n-butyl alcohol,formaldehyde (trace), and isopropyl alcohol.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains three substances, n-butyl alcohol, amyl acetate, andformaldehyde (trace), which are listed as hazardoussubstances under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: Formaldehyde (trace) is included on the EPA 17list of chemicals targeted for strict regulation.

B.2.8.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFL K0548Graphite Varnish. This rating is based on the determination that K0548Graphite Varnish has a medium toxicity rating and a medium to highexposure rating. A medium hazard rating indicates that an overallmoderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity and workerexposure properties of this currently used DFL. Worker exposure controlsshould be reviewed and properly implemented to protect the health andsafety of workers using K0548 Graphite Varnish. Constituents of concernand exposure effects for K0548 Graphite Varnish are discussed below. Constituents of concern in K0548 Graphite Varnish include n-butylalcohol, ethyl alcohol, amyl acetate, 2-methyl butyl acetate, isopropylalcohol, graphite, hexylene glycol, and 1-methoxy-2-propanol, withformaldehyde as a trace constituent. For information on exposure limitsand product composition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• Ethyl alcohol and formaldehyde (trace constituent) areconfirmed human carcinogens. Isopropyl alcohol is asuspected human carcinogen.

• Ethyl alcohol is a known human teratogen.• Ethyl alcohol and formaldehyde (present as a trace

constituent) are known human genotoxicants.• n-Butyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, amyl acetate, isopropyl

alcohol, hexylene glycol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, andformaldehyde (trace constituent) are known humanneurotoxicants.



• n-Butyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol,carbon (synthetic graphite, used as a surrogate for graphite),and formaldehyde (trace constituent) have been shown to beteratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for n-butyl alcohol, isopropylalcohol, and hexylene glycol.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in K0548 Graphite Varnish. Toxic effectsfor the constituents of concern may range from irritation to permanentbrain damage. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicalsof concern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowest LD50 andLC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oral LD50 of790 mg/kg and an inhalation LC50 of 8000 ppm, both for n-butyl alcohol.Formaldehyde, a trace constituent, has an oral LD50 of 42 mg/kg and anLC50 of 400 mg/m3. Additional health effects of the DFL constituents arediscussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to K0548Graphite Varnish may include, but may not be limited to,the following: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratorytract with pulmonary edema, irritation of gastrointestinalsystem with nausea and vomiting, and defatting of skin.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to permanent brain and nervous systemdamage, aggression, eye damage, olfactory and pulmonarychanges, reproductive toxicity.

Currently used DFL K0548 Graphite Varnish was assigned a mediumtoxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) ofindividual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, K0548 GraphiteVarnish was given a medium to high exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using K0548 Graphite Varnish. Administrative controls may beappropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, allignition sources should be removed from the area where K0548 GraphiteVarnish is in use. PPE is required for worker health protection throughoutthe DFL application process, and must include protective clothing (e.g.,safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields and impervious gloves).Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station,shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposurelimits are to be exceeded.


A summary of the ESOH analysis of Sherwin-Williams K0548 GraphiteVarnish is provided in Table B-9.

Table B-9. ESOH Analysis of Sherwin-WilliamsK0548 Graphite Varnish

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium to High Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 1/0d





ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent. d One of the listed constituents is present only in trace quantities.

B.2.9. Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)

B.2.9.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 99A Solid FilmLubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Concentrated Lube-Lok 99A Solid FilmLubricant contains no ingredients that are identified asHAPs, but it contains VOCs totaling 622 g/l. This productmust be diluted with 6600 Solvent or dioxane.6600 Solvent contains two constituents that are listed asHAPs under the CAA, MEK and methylene chloride, andVOCs totaling 804 g/l. One isomer of dioxane, p-dioxane(diethylene ether), is a HAP and a VOC.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: Concentrated Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant contains no ingredients thatare known to create hazardous waste. At least twoconstituents of 6600 Solvent may generate hazardouswaste: MEK and methylene chloride. MEK is listed as


hazardous waste numbers D035, F005 and U159, andmethylene chloride is listed as F002 and U080. p-Dioxaneis listed as hazardous waste number U108.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use of Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant may result in waste streamscontaining one regulated compound: methylene chloride if6600 Solvent is used to dilute the concentrate, or p-dioxane.Methylene chloride is designated under the CWA as both atoxic and priority pollutant. In addition, effluent limitationguidelines have been developed for methylene chloride.P-Dioxane is designated under the CWA as a pretreatmentpollutant.

• Reporting Requirements: Two constituents of6600 Solvent are required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313: MEK and methylene chloride.P-Dioxane is required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: MEK, methylenechloride, and p-dioxane are all listed as hazardoussubstances under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: MEK and methylene chloride are included on theEPA 17 list of chemicals targeted for strict regulation.

B.2.9.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium to high hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLLube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant. This rating is based on thedetermination that Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant has a mediumtoxicity rating and a medium to high exposure rating. A medium to highhazard rating indicates that an overall moderate to high ESOH concern iscaused by the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of thiscurrently used DFL. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed andproperly implemented to protect the health and safety of workers usingLube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant. Constituents of concern andexposure effects for Lube-Lok Solid Film Lubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant includemolybdenum disulfide and graphite. 6600 Solvent, used to dilute theconcentrated product, contains MEK and methylene chloride; dioxane canbe used in lieu of the solvent. For information on exposure limits andproduct composition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.


• Methylene chloride and dioxane are confirmed human

carcinogens.• Methylene chloride is a known human genotoxicant.• MEK, methylene chloride, and dioxane are known human

neurotoxicants.


• MEK, methylene chloride, dioxane, and carbon, syntheticgraphite (surrogate used for graphite) have been shown tobe teratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for MEK and dioxane.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant.Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation tofatality. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicals ofconcern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowest LD50 andLC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oral LD50 of1600 mg/kg and an inhalation LC50 of 14,400 ppm, both for methylenechloride. Dioxane has an oral LD50 of 5700 mg/kg and an LC50 of37,000 mg/m3. Additional health effects of the DFL constituents arediscussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Lube-Lok 99ASolid Film Lubricant may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the eyes including redness and blurred vision,skin irritation and dermatitis, respiratory tract irritation,gastrointestinal tract irritation with nausea, vomiting,diarrhea, nervous system effects of headache, dizziness andunconsciousness.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to central nervous system depression,liver, kidney, and respiratory effects, and fatality.

Currently used DFL Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant was assigned amedium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Lube-Lok 99A SolidFilm Lubricant was given a medium to high exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).


Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields andimpervious gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 99ASolid Film Lubricant is provided in Table B-10.

Table B-10. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium to High Hazard Ratingc Medium to High Air Emissions – HAPs 2/1d





ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent. d Concentrated Lube-Lok 99A Solid Film Lubricant does not contain any regulated

constituents, but it must be diluted with 6600 Solvent or with dioxane. 6600 Solventcontains two (2) substances (MEK and methylene chloride) that are HAPs, CERCLAhazardous substances, EPA 17 substances, and must be reported on TRI reports;dioxane contains one (1) substance (p-dioxane) that is HAP, a CERCLA hazardoussubstance, and must be reported on TRI reports.


B.2.10. Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)

B.2.10.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2006 Solid FilmLubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricantcontains two constituents that are listed as HAPs under theCAA, MEK and xylene. Lube-Lok 2006 Solid FilmLubricant emits VOCs totaling 707 g/l.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least threeconstituents of this currently used DFL may generatehazardous waste: MEK, xylene, and n-butyl alcohol. MEKis listed as hazardous waste numbers D035, F005 and U159,xylene is listed as F003 and U239, and n-butyl alcohol ashazardous waste numbers F003 and U031.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Lube-Lok 2006 SolidFilm Lubricant may result in waste streams containing eitheror both of two regulated compounds: xylene and n-butylalcohol. Xylene is designated as a hazardous substanceunder CWA Section 311. n-Butyl alcohol is listed as apretreatment pollutant.

• Reporting Requirements: Three constituents of thiscurrently used DFL are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313: MEK, xylene, and n-butylalcohol.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: Lube-Lok 2006 SolidFilm Lubricant contains MEK, xylene, and n-butyl alcoholwhich are listed as hazardous substances under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: MEK and xylene are included on the EPA 17 listof chemicals targeted for strict regulation.

B.2.10.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFL Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant. This rating is based on the determinationthat Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant has a medium toxicity rating anda medium to high exposure rating. A medium hazard rating indicates thatan overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity andworker exposure properties of this currently used DFL. Worker exposurecontrols should be reviewed and properly implemented to protect thehealth and safety of workers using Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant.


Constituents of concern and exposure effects for Lube-Lok 2006 SolidFilm Lubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant includemolybdenum disulfide, graphite, MEK, xylene, n-butyl alcohol, and ethylamyl ketone. For information on exposure limits and product compositionsee Appendix A. MEK, xylene, n-butyl alcohol, and ethyl amyl ketone are known humanneurotoxicants. Experimental animal data have been observed for the following chemicals.

• MEK, xylene, n-butyl alcohol, and carbon, syntheticgraphite (a surrogate for graphite) have been shown to beteratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for MEK, xylene, and n-butylalcohol.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant.Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation tounconsciousness. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for thechemicals of concern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowestLD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oralLD50 of 790 mg/kg for n-butyl alcohol and an inhalation LC50 of5000 mg/m3 for xylene. Additional health effects of the DFL constituentsare discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Lube-Lok 2006Solid Film Lubricant may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the eyes with blurred vision and redness, skinirritation including dermatitis, respiratory tract irritation,and gastrointestinal tract irritation including nausea andvomiting, also central nervous effects of dizziness, fatigue,headache, and unconsciousness.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to nervous system damage, respiratorysystem damage, pneumoconiosis, and spleen, heart and eyedamage.

Currently used DFL Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant was assigned amedium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)


of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Lube-Lok 2006Solid Film Lubricant was given a medium to high exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where Lube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields andimpervious gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2006Solid Film Lubricant is provided in Table B-11.

Table B-11. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 2006 Solid Film Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium to High Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 2 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 3 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 3 EPA 17 Constituents 2




B.2.11. Lube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)

B.2.11.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2396 Solid FilmLubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Lube-Lok 2396 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofLube-Lok 2396 does not appear to result in the generationof any hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Lube-Lok 2396 doesnot result in the discharge of any regulated waste streamsunder the CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: None of the constituents ofLube-Lok 2396 are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313.



B.2.11.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLLube-Lok 2396. This rating is based on the determination that Lube-Lok2396 has a medium toxicity rating and a low to medium exposure rating. Amedium hazard rating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern iscaused by the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of thiscurrently used DFL. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed andproperly implemented to protect the health and safety of workers usingLube-Lok 2396. Constituents of concern and exposure effects forLube-Lok 2396 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Lube-Lok 2396 include molybdenum disulfide,graphite, and an inorganic silicate compound. For information on exposurelimits and product composition, see Appendix A. Synthetic graphite, a compound virtually identical to natural graphite, hasbeen shown to be a teratogen/reproductive toxicant in laboratory animals.No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens or


neurotoxicants were identified in Lube-Lok 2396. Toxic effects for theconstituents of concern may range from irritation to pneumoconiosis.Identified LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicals of concern alsoindicate moderate toxicity. The lowest LD50 value identified was an ivLD50 of 440 mg/kg for synthetic graphite. Additional health effects of theDFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Lube-Lok 2396may include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyeswith redness and blurred vision, skin irritation, inhalationirritation, gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, anddiarrhea.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to pneumoconiosis.

Currently used DFL Lube-Lok 2396 was assigned a medium toxicityrating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Lube-Lok 2396 was given a lowto medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Lube-Lok 2396. Administrative controls may be appropriateas well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignitionsources should be removed from the area where Lube-Lok 2396 is in use.PPE is required for worker health protection throughout the DFLapplication process, and must include protective clothing (e.g., safetyglasses or goggles and chemical resistant gloves). Approved emergencyfacilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.).Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposure limits are to beexceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2396 isprovided in Table B-12.


Table B-12. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2396

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Low to Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 0 Air Emissions – VOCs No Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters No TRI Reporting 0 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 0 EPA 17 Constituents 0



B.2.12. Molydag 254 Lubricant (Acheson Colloids Company)

B.2.12.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Acheson Colloids Company Molydag 254Lubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Toluene, MEK, antimony compounds, andlead compounds are listed as HAPs under the CAA. TheVOC content of Molydag 254 Lubricant is 594 g/l.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least threeconstituents of Molydag 254 Lubricant may generate wastesthat must be disposed of as RCRA hazardous waste: MEK,toluene, and inorganic lead (in lead oxide phosphonate).MEK is listed as hazardous waste numbers D035, F005 andU159; toluene is listed as F005 and U220; and due to itstoxicity inorganic lead is listed as D008.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofMolydag 254 Lubricant may result in waste streamscontaining any of three regulated chemicals: toluene, lead(in lead oxide phosphonate), and antimony (in antimonytrioxide). Toluene and antimony are designated hazardoussubstances under CWA Section 311. Toluene and lead aredesignated under the CWA as both toxic and prioritypollutants. Toluene is listed as a pretreatment pollutant. In


addition, effluent limitation guidelines have been developedfor both toluene and lead.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofMolydag 254 Lubricant are required to be listed on TRIreports under EPCRA Section 313: toluene, MEK,antimony, and lead.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This lubricant containstoluene, MEK, antimony (in antimony trioxide), and lead (inlead oxide phosphonate) which are listed as hazardoussubstances under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: MEK, toluene, and lead have been identified aspriority “high-risk” chemicals due to their presence on theEPA 17 list.

B.2.12.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLMolydag 254 Lubricant. This rating is based on the determination thatMolydag 254 Lubricant has a low to medium toxicity rating and a mediumexposure rating. A medium hazard rating indicates that an overallmoderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity and workerexposure properties of this currently used DFL. Worker exposure controlsshould be reviewed and properly implemented to protect the health andsafety of workers using Molydag 254 Lubricant. Constituents of concernand exposure effects for Molydag 254 Lubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Molydag 254 Lubricant include toluene,molybdenum disulfide, antimony trioxide, MEK, propylene glycol methylether acetate, and lead oxide phosphonate. For information on exposurelimits and product composition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• Antimony trioxide is considered to be a confirmedcarcinogen by the DFG. Lead monoxide (surrogate for leadoxide phosphonate) is a suspected human carcinogen.

• Toluene and MEK are known human neurotoxicants.


• Toluene, antimony trioxide, and MEK have been shown tobe teratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.


• Animal mutation data exist for toluene, antimony trioxide,MEK, and lead monoxide (surrogate for lead oxidephosphonate).

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Molydag 254 Lubricant. Toxic effects forthe constituents of concern may range from irritation to permanent braindamage. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicals ofconcern also indicate a low to moderate level of toxicity. The lowest LD50

and LC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oral LD50 of1895 mg lead monoxide (surrogate for lead oxide phosphonate)/kg of bodyweight and an inhalation LC50 of 400 ppm for toluene. Additional healtheffects of the DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Molydag 254Lubricant may include, but may not be limited to, irritationof the eyes including redness and blurred vision, and skinirritation and dermatitis.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to spleen, heart, and central nervoussystem effects; lung damage; and pneumoconiosis.

Currently used DFL Molydag 254 Lubricant was assigned a low to mediumtoxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) ofindividual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Molydag 254 Lubricantwas given a medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Molydag 254 Lubricant. Administrative controls may beappropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, allignition sources should be removed from the area where Molydag 254Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker health protectionthroughout the DFL application process, and must include protectiveclothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields and imperviousgloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye washstation, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended ifexposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Acheson Colloids Company Molydag254 Lubricant is provided in Table B-13.

Table B-13. ESOH Analysis of Acheson Colloids CompanyMolydag 254 Lubricant

Category Rating


Toxicity Ratinga Low to Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 4 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 4 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 4 EPA 17 Constituents 3



B.2.13. Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating (Dow Corning Corporation)

B.2.13.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Dow Corning Corporation Molykote 3400ACorrosion Protective Coating is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Molykote 3400A Corrosion ProtectiveCoating contains six constituents that are listed as HAPs:toluene, MEK, compounds of both antimony and lead, andphenol and formaldehyde, both present only in tracequantities. The VOC content has not been reported by DowCorning Corporation.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least fiveconstituents of this currently used DFL may generatehazardous waste: MEK, toluene, inorganic lead, phenol,and formaldehyde. MEK is listed as hazardous wastenumbers D035, F005 and U159; toluene is listed as F005and U220; formaldehyde is listed as U122; phenol is listedas U188; and due to its toxicity inorganic lead is listed asD008.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofMolykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating may resultin waste streams containing any of five regulated chemicals:toluene, antimony, phenol, formaldehyde, and lead.Toluene, antimony, phenol, and formaldehyde aredesignated hazardous substances under CWA Section 311.Toluene, lead, phenol, and formaldehyde are designated


under the CWA as both toxic and priority pollutants.Toluene and phenol are listed as a pretreatment pollutants.In addition, effluent limitation guidelines have beendeveloped for toluene, lead, phenol, and formaldehyde.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofMolykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating are requiredto be listed on TRI reports under EPCRA Section 313:toluene, MEK, antimony (in antimony trioxide), lead(present in Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coatingas lead oxide phosphonate), formaldehyde (trace), andphenol (trace).

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains toluene, MEK, an antimony compound, aninorganic lead compound, formaldehyde (trace), and phenol(trace), all of which are listed as hazardous substances underCERCLA.

• EPA 17: MEK, toluene, lead, and formaldehyde (trace) areincluded on the EPA 17 list of chemicals targeted for strictregulation.

B.2.13.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues

An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLMolykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating. This rating is based on thedetermination that Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating has amedium toxicity rating and a medium exposure rating. A medium hazardrating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this currently usedDFL. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and properlyimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers usingMolykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating. Constituents of concernand exposure effects for Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coatingare discussed below.

Constituents of concern in Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coatinginclude ethyl alcohol, MEK, toluene, antimony trioxide, molybdenumdisulfide, lead oxide phosphonate, bisphenol A-epichlorohydrin copolymer,and phenol/formaldehyde polymer; present in residual amounts are allylchloride, phenol, and formaldehyde. For information on exposure limitsand product composition see Appendix A.

The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.


• Ethyl alcohol and formaldehyde (present in trace amount)are confirmed human carcinogens. Antimony trioxide isconsidered to be a confirmed carcinogen by the DFG. Leadmonoxide (surrogate for lead oxide phosphonate), allylchloride (trace amount) and phenol (trace amount) aresuspected human carcinogens.

• Ethyl alcohol is a known human teratogen.• Ethyl alcohol is a known human genotoxicant. Allyl

chloride, phenol, and formaldehyde, all present in traceamounts, are known human genotoxicants.

• Ethyl alcohol, MEK, toluene and formaldehyde (traceamount) are known human neurotoxicants.


• MEK; toluene; antimony trioxide; and the residual (trace)constituents allyl chloride, phenol, and formaldehyde havebeen shown to be teratogens and/or reproductive toxicantsin laboratory animals.

• Animal mutation data exist for MEK, toluene, antimonytrioxide, and lead monoxide (surrogate for lead oxidephosphonate).

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Molykote 3400A Corrosion ProtectiveCoating. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range fromirritation to injury of nervous system. Identified oral LD50s and inhalationLC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate a moderate level oftoxicity. The lowest LD50 and LC50 values identified for significantconstituents of concern are an oral LD50 of 1100 mg bisphenolA-epichlorohydrin copolymer/kg of body weight and an inhalation LC50 of400 ppm for toluene. Among the residual constituents, formaldehyde hasan oral LD50 of 42 mg/kg, and phenol has an LC50 of 177 mg/m3.Additional health effects of the DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure toMolykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating mayinclude, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eye withredness, swelling and corneal injury; skin irritation andburning with allergic sensitization; irritation of the nose andthroat; vomiting; or injury to heart, blood, lungs, liver,kidneys, digestive system, and nervous system.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to allergic skin sensitization;drowsiness; irritation of the nose and throat; or injury of


heart, blood, lungs, liver, kidneys, digestive system, andnervous system.

Currently used DFL Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating wasassigned a medium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50sand LC50s) of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs,Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating was given a mediumexposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating.Administrative controls may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure timelimits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed fromthe area where Molykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating is in use.PPE is required for worker health protection throughout the DFLapplication process, and must include protective clothing (e.g., safetyglasses with nonperforated sideshields and impervious gloves). Approvedemergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower,etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposure limits areto be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Dow Corning CorporationMolykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating is provided in Table B-14.


Table B-14. ESOH Analysis of Dow Corning CorporationMolykote 3400A Corrosion Protective Coating

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 6/4d

Air Emissions – VOCs Yese

Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 6/4d


EPA 17 Constituents 4/3f


ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent. d Two of the listed constituents are present only in trace quantities. e The quantity of VOCs emitted during use of this products is unknown, but the

presence of toluene and MEK in the product implies that VOCs are emitted. f One of the listed constituents is present only in trace quantities.

B.2.14. Molykote X-15 Bonded Lubricant (Dow Corning Corporation)

B.2.14.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Dow Corning Corporation Molykote X-15Bonded Lubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Molykote X-15 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofMolykote X-15 does not appear to result in the generationof any hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Molykote X-15 doesnot result in the discharge of any regulated waste streamsunder the CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: None of the constituents ofMolykote X-15 are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313.




B.2.14.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low hazard rating is given to the currently used DFL MolykoteX-15 Bonded Lubricant. This rating is based on the determination thatMolykote X-15 Bonded Lubricant has a low exposure rating. Data wereinsufficient to determine a toxicity rating. A low hazard rating indicatesthat an overall low ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity andworker exposure properties of this currently used DFL. Worker exposurecontrols should be reviewed and properly implemented to protect thehealth and safety of workers using Molykote X-15 Bonded Lubricant.Constituents of concern and exposure effects for Molykote X-15 BondedLubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Molykote X-15 Bonded Lubricant includeparticulates (not otherwise classified) and molybdenum compounds. Forinformation on exposure limits and product composition see Appendix A. No known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Molykote X-15 Bonded Lubricant. Toxiceffects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation topneumoconiosis. No LD50s or inhalation LC50s for the chemicals ofconcern have been identified, therefore a level of toxicity cannot bedetermined. Additional health effects of the DFL constituents arediscussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Molykote X-15Bonded Lubricant may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the eyes and gastrointestinal tract and heartfailure.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to pneumoconiosis and hard metal lungdisease.

Currently used DFL Molykote X-15 Bonded Lubricant was not assigned atoxicity rating. Based on PELs and TLVs, Molykote X-15 BondedLubricant was given a low exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Molykote X-15 Bonded Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).


Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where MolykoteX-15 Bonded Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and should includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses). A summary of the ESOH analysis of Dow Corning Corporation MolykoteX-15 Bonded Lubricant is provided in Table B-15.

Table B-15. ESOH Analysis of Dow Corning CorporationMolykote X-15 Bonded Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Not rated Exposure Ratingb Low Hazard Ratingc Low Air Emissions – HAPs 0 Air Emissions – VOCs No Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters No TRI Reporting 0 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 0 EPA 17 Constituents 0



B.2.15. Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)

B.2.15.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik G Solid FilmLubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant containsfour constituents that are listed as HAPs under the CAA:MEK, xylene and compounds of both antimony and lead.This product emits VOCs totaling 768 g/l.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: The use of Perma-SlikG Solid Film Lubricant may result in waste streamscontaining three substances which are regulated underSubtitle C of RCRA. These three substances and their listedhazardous waste numbers are MEK (D035, F005 andU159), xylene (F003 and U239), and an inorganic leadcompound (D008).


• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofPerma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant may result in wastestreams containing any of three regulated substances:antimony, xylene, and lead. Antimony and xylene aredesignated hazardous substances under CWA Section 311.Lead is designated under the CWA as both a toxic andpriority pollutant. In addition, effluent limitation guidelineshave been developed for lead.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofPerma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant are required to be listedon TRI reports under EPCRA Section 313: MEK, xylene,and inorganic compounds of antimony and lead.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains MEK, xylene, inorganic antimony, and an inorganiclead compound, which are all listed as hazardous substancesunder CERCLA.

• EPA 17: Three constituents present in Perma-Slik G SolidFilm Lubricant are listed by the EPA on the EPA 17 list:MEK, xylene, and an inorganic lead containing compound.

B.2.15.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFL Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant. This rating is based on the determination thatPerma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant has a medium toxicity rating and amedium exposure rating. A medium hazard rating indicates that an overallmoderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity and workerexposure properties of this currently used DFL. Worker exposure controlsshould be reviewed and properly implemented to protect the health andsafety of workers using Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant. Constituentsof concern and exposure effects for Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant arediscussed below. Constituents of concern in Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant includexylene, MEK, lead oxide phosphonate, molybdenum disulfide, andantimony trioxide. For information on exposure limits and productcomposition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• Antimony trioxide is considered to be a confirmedcarcinogen by the DFG. Lead monoxide (surrogate usedfor lead oxide phosphonate) is a suspected humancarcinogen.

• Xylene and MEK are known human neurotoxicants.



• Antimony trioxide, xylene, and MEK have been shown to beteratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for antimony trioxide, xylene,MEK and lead monoxide (surrogate used for lead oxidephosphonate).

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant.Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation topermanent brain damage. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for thechemicals of concern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowestLD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oralLD50 of 1895 mg/kg for lead monoxide (surrogate used for lead oxidephosphonate) and an inhalation LC50 of 5000 mg/m3 for xylene. Additionalhealth effects of the DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Perma-Slik GSolid Film Lubricant may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the eyes with blurred vision and redness; skinirritation and dermatitis; irritation of the respiratory tract;irritation of the gastrointestinal tract with nausea, vomiting,and diarrhea; and nervous system effects of dizziness,fatigue, headache and unconsciousness.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to nervous system, spleen, heart, andeye effects; respiratory and pulmonary effects; orpneumoconiosis.

Currently used DFL Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant was assigned amedium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Perma-Slik G SolidFilm Lubricant was given a medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where Perma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields andimpervious gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded.


A summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik G SolidFilm Lubricant is provided in Table B-16.

Table B-16. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationPerma-Slik G Solid Film Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 4 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 4 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 4 EPA 17 Constituents 3



B.2.16. RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating (Acheson Colloids Company)

B.2.16.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Acheson Colloids Company RJ 143 BondedLubricant Coating is provided below.

• Air Emissions: RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating does notcontain any constituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use of RJ 143Bonded Lubricant Coating does not appear to result in thegeneration of any hazardous waste, solid waste sludge mayresult and must be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofRJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating may result in a wastestream(s) containing one regulated compound: phosphoricacid. Phosphoric acid is a designated hazardous substanceunder CWA Section 311.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituent ofRJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating is required to be listed onTRI reports under EPCRA Section 313: phosphoric acid.


• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains phosphoric acid which is listed a hazardoussubstance under CERCLA.


B.2.16.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFL RJ 143Bonded Lubricant Coating. This rating is based on the determination thatRJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating has a medium toxicity rating and amedium exposure rating. A medium hazard rating indicates that an overallmoderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity and workerexposure properties of this currently used DFL. Worker exposure controlsshould be reviewed and properly implemented to protect the health andsafety of workers using RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating. Constituents ofconcern and exposure effects for RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating arediscussed below. Constituents of concern in RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating includephosphoric acid and monoaluminum phosphate trihydrate in Part A, andmonobasic ammonium phosphate and graphite in Part B. For informationon exposure limits and product composition see Appendix A. Synthetic graphite (surrogate used for graphite in this analysis) has beenshown to be a reproductive toxicant/teratogen in experimental animals. Noother known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation toburns of the skin. Identified oral LD50s for the chemicals of concern alsoindicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowest LD50 value identified forconstituents of concern is an oral LD50 of 1530 mg phosphoric acid/kg ofbody weight. No LC50 was identified. Additional health effects of the DFLconstituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to RJ 143 BondedLubricant Coating may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the eyes and skin, eye damage, skin burns, andirritation of the nose and throat.

• Chronic Effects: None reported. Currently used DFL RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating was assigned amedium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)


of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, RJ 143 BondedLubricant Coating was given a medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using RJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where RJ 143Bonded Lubricant Coating is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields andimpervious gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Acheson Colloids Company RJ 143Bonded Lubricant Coating is provided in Table B-17.

Table B-17. ESOH Analysis of Acheson Colloids CompanyRJ 143 Bonded Lubricant Coating

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 0 Air Emissions – VOCs No Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 1 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 1 EPA 17 Constituents 0




B.2.17. Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant (Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc.)

B.2.17.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Hohman Plating & Mfg. Surf-Kote A-1625Dry Film Lubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricantcontains one constituent that is listed as a HAP, toluene.The manufacturer has not reported the VOC content, butthe presence of a number of organic solvents in the DFLmake it nearly certain that a measurable quantity of VOCswill be emitted during use.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least oneconstituent of this currently used DFL may generatehazardous waste: toluene. Toluene is listed as hazardouswaste numbers F005 and U220.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofSurf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant may result in a wastestream(s) containing one regulated compound: toluene.Toluene is designated a hazardous substance under CWASection 311. Toluene is designated under the CWA as botha toxic and priority pollutant. Toluene is listed as apretreatment pollutant. In addition, effluent limitationguidelines have been developed for toluene.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofSurf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant are required to belisted on TRI reports under EPCRA Section 313: isopropylalcohol and toluene.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains toluene. Toluene is listed as a hazardous substanceunder CERCLA.

• EPA 17: Toluene is included on the EPA 17 list ofchemicals targeted for strict regulation.

B.2.17.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLSurf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant. This rating is based on thedetermination that Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant has a mediumtoxicity rating and a medium exposure rating. A medium hazard ratingindicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemicaltoxicity and worker exposure properties of this currently used DFL.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and properly implemented toprotect the health and safety of workers using Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film


Lubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effects for Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant includetoluene, ethyl alcohol, molybdenum disulfide, isopropyl alcohol, petroleumspirits, and graphite. For information on exposure limits and productcomposition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• Ethyl alcohol is a confirmed human carcinogen. Isopropylalcohol and petroleum spirits are suspected humancarcinogens.

• Ethyl alcohol is a known human teratogen.• Ethyl alcohol is a known human genotoxicant.• Toluene, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and petroleum

spirits are known human neurotoxicants.


• Toluene, isopropyl alcohol, and synthetic graphite(surrogate used for graphite) have been shown to beteratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for toluene and isopropylalcohol.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant.Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation tohypoplasia. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicals ofconcern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowest LD50 andLC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oral LD50 of3450 mg/kg for ethyl alcohol and an inhalation LC50 of 400 ppm fortoluene. Additional health effects of the DFL constituents are discussedbelow.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Surf-KoteA-1625 Dry Film Lubricant may include, but may not belimited to, irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory system,and nervous system effects including dizziness, nausea,headache, stupor, and loss of coordination.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to bone marrow hypoplasia; anemia;


leucopenia; enlarged liver; spleen, lung, and heart effects;central nervous system effects; and pneumoconiosis.

Currently used DFL Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant was assigned amedium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Surf-Kote A-1625Dry Film Lubricant was given a medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for workerhealth protection throughout the DFL application process, and mustinclude protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforatedsideshields and impervious gloves). Approved emergency facilities shouldbe present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fittedrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Hohman Plating & Mfg. Surf-Kote A-1625 Dry Film Lubricant is provided in Table B-18.

Table B-18. ESOH Analysis of Hohman Plating & Mfg. Surf-KoteA-1625 Dry Film Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 1 Air Emissions – VOCs Yesd



ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent. d While the exact VOC content of this DFL is unknown, the presence of a number of

organic solvents implies that a measurable quantity of VOCs will be emitted duringuse of the product.


B.2.18. Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A (Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc.)


A brief regulatory analysis of Hohman Plating & Mfg. Surf-KoteLOB-1800-G Class A is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A does notcontain any constituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofSurf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A does not appear to resultin the generation of any hazardous waste, solid waste sludgemay result and must be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Surf-KoteLOB-1800-G Class A does not result in the discharge ofany regulated waste streams under the CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: None of the constituents ofSurf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A are required to be listed onTRI reports under EPCRA Section 313.



B.2.18.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFL Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A. This rating is based on the determination thatSurf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A has a medium toxicity rating and amedium exposure rating. A medium hazard rating indicates that an overallmoderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity and workerexposure properties of this currently used DFL. Worker exposure controlsshould be reviewed and properly implemented to protect the health andsafety of workers using Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A. Constituents ofconcern and exposure effects for Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A arediscussed below. The constituents of concern in Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A aregraphite and silicate resin. For information on exposure limits and productcomposition, see Appendix A. Synthetic graphite, a compound virtually identical to natural graphite, hasbeen shown to be a reproductive toxicant/teratogen in experimental


animals. No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagensor neurotoxicants were identified in Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A. Identified LD50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate moderatetoxicity. The lowest LD50 value identified was an iv LD50 of 440 mgsynthetic graphite/kg of body weight. No LC50 was identified. Additionalhealth effects of the DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Surf-KoteLOB-1800-G Class A may include, but may not be limitedto, irritation of the eyes and mucous membranes.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were identified. Currently used DFL Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A was assigned amedium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Surf-KoteLOB-1800-G Class A was given a medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A. Administrative controls maybe appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, allignition sources should be removed from the area where Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A is in use. PPE is required for worker health protectionthroughout the DFL application process, and must include protectiveclothing (e.g., safety goggles, shoe covering, apron and imperviousgloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye washstation, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended ifexposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Hohman Plating & Mfg. Surf-KoteLOB-1800-G Class A is provided in Table B-19.


Table B-19. ESOH Analysis of Hohman Plating & Mfg. Surf-KoteLOB-1800-G Class A

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 0 Air Emissions – VOCs No Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters No TRI Reporting 0 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 0 EPA 17 Constituents 0



B.2.19. Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant (Tiodize Co., Inc.)

B.2.19.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricantis provided below.

• Air Emissions: Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant containstwo constituents which are listed as HAPs, MEK andantimony (in antimony trioxide). In addition the VOCcontent of Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant is 757 g/l.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least oneconstituent of Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant, MEK, maygenerate waste sludge that must be disposed of as RCRAhazardous waste. MEK is listed as hazardous wastenumbers F005, U159, and due to its toxicity, D035.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofTiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant may result in a wastestream(s) containing one regulated chemical: antimony.Antimony is designated a hazardous substance under CWASection 311.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofTiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant are required to be listed on


TRI reports under EPCRA Section 313: MEK andantimony.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains MEK and antimony. Both of these constituents arelisted as hazardous substances under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: MEK is included on the EPA 17 list of chemicalstargeted for strict regulation.

B.2.19.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low to medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLTiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant. This rating is based on the determinationthat Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant has a medium toxicity rating and alow to medium exposure rating. A low to medium hazard rating indicatesthat an overall low to moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemicaltoxicity and worker exposure properties of this currently used DFL.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and properly implemented toprotect the health and safety of workers using Tiolube 70 Solid FilmLubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effects for Tiolube 70Solid Film Lubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant includemolybdenum disulfide, organic resin, MEK, antimony trioxide, propane,and isobutane. For information on exposure limits and productcomposition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• Antimony trioxide is considered to be a confirmedcarcinogen by the DFG.

• MEK and propane are known human neurotoxicants.


• Antimony trioxide and MEK have been shown to beteratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for antimony trioxide and MEK.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant. Toxiceffects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation to centralnervous system effects. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for thechemicals of concern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowest


LD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oralLD50 of 2737 mg/kg and an inhalation LC50 of 23,500 mg/m3, both forMEK. Additional health effects of the DFL constituents are discussedbelow.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Tiolube 70Solid Film Lubricant may include, but may not be limited to,skin and eye irritation, nausea and diarrhea, drowsiness, andincoordination.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to spleen and heart effects, centralnervous system effects, lung damage, and pneumoconiosis.

Currently used DFL Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant was assigned amedium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Tiolube 70 SolidFilm Lubricant was given a low to medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant. Administrative controls maybe appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, allignition sources should be removed from the area where Tiolube 70 SolidFilm Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker health protectionthroughout the DFL application process, and must include protectiveclothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields and imperviousgloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye washstation, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended ifexposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 70 Solid FilmLubricant is provided in Table B-20.


Table B-20. ESOH Analysis of Tiodize Co.Tiolube 70 Solid Film Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Low to Medium Hazard Ratingc Low to Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 2 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 2 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 2 EPA 17 Constituents 1



B.2.20. Tiolube 75/75 Solid Film Lubricant (Tiodize Co., Inc.)

B.2.20.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 75/75 is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Tiolube 75/75 contains antimony (inantimony trioxide) which is listed as a HAP. In addition theVOC content of Tiolube 75/75 is 350 g/l.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While the use ofTiolube 75/75 does not appear to result in the generation ofany hazardous waste, solid waste may result and must bedisposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofTiolube 75/75 may result in a waste stream(s) containingone regulated chemical: antimony (in antimony trioxide).Antimony is designated a hazardous substance under CWASection 311.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituent ofTiolube 75/75 is required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313: antimony.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains antimony which is listed a hazardous substanceunder CERCLA.



B.2.20.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLTiolube 75/75. This rating is based on the determination thatTiolube 75/75 has a low toxicity rating and a low exposure rating. A lowhazard rating indicates that an overall low ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this currently usedDFL. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and properlyimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers usingTiolube 75/75. Constituents of concern and exposure effects forTiolube 75/75 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Tiolube 75/75 include molybdenum disulfide,resin, and antimony trioxide. For information on exposure limits andproduct composition see Appendix A. Antimony trioxide is considered to be a confirmed human carcinogen bythe DFG. Experimental animal mutation data exist for antimony trioxide,and it is an experimental animal teratogen and/or reproductive toxicant.No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Tiolube 75/75. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation tolung damage. Identified oral LD50s for the chemicals of concern alsoindicate a low level of toxicity. The lowest oral LD50 value identified forconstituents of concern is an oral LD50 of >20,000 mg antimony trioxide/kgof body weight. No LC50 was identified. Additional health effects of theDFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Tiolube 75/75may include, but may not be limited to, damage to lungs,eyes, and skin.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to pneumoconiosis and damage to liver,kidneys, spleen, heart, or lungs.

Currently used DFL Tiolube 75/75 was assigned a low toxicity rating,based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Tiolube 75/75 was given a lowexposure rating.


Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Tiolube 75/75. Administrative controls may be appropriate aswell (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sourcesshould be removed from the area where Tiolube 75/75 is in use. PPE isrequired for worker health protection throughout the DFL applicationprocess, and must include protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses withnonperforated sideshields and impervious gloves). Approved emergencyfacilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.).Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposure limits are to beexceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 75/75 is providedin Table B-21.

Table B-21. ESOH Analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 75/75

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Low Exposure Ratingb Low Hazard Ratingc Low Air Emissions – HAPs 1 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 1 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 1 EPA 17 Constituents 0



B.2.21. Tiolube 460 (Tiodize Co., Inc.)

B.2.21.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricantis provided below.


• Air Emissions: Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant contains

two constituents that are listed as HAPs: MEK and anantimony compound. In addition, this product emits VOCstotaling 760 g/l.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least oneconstituent of Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant, MEK, maygenerate waste sludge that must be disposed of as RCRAhazardous waste. MEK is listed as hazardous wastenumbers F005, U159, and due to its toxicity, D035.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofTiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant may result in a wastestream(s) containing one regulated chemical: antimony.Antimony is designated a hazardous substance under CWASection 311.

• Reporting Requirements: Two constituents of Tiolube 460Dry Film Lubricant are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313: MEK and antimony (inantimony trioxide).

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: Tiolube 460 Dry FilmLubricant contains MEK and antimony which are listed ashazardous substances under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: MEK is included on the EPA 17 list of chemicalstargeted for strict regulation.

B.2.21.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low to medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLTiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant. This rating is based on the determinationthat Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant has a low to medium toxicity ratingand a low to medium exposure rating. A low to medium hazard ratingindicates that an overall low to moderate ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this currently usedDFL. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and properlyimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers using Tiolube 460Dry Film Lubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effects forTiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant includemolybdenum disulfide, organic resin, antimony trioxide, and MEK. Forinformation on exposure limits and product composition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.


Antimony trioxide is considered to be a confirmed carcinogen by the DFG.• MEK is a known human neurotoxicant.


• MEK and antimony trioxide have been shown to beteratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for MEK and antimony trioxide.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation tocentral nervous system depression. Identified oral LD50s and inhalationLC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate a low to moderate level oftoxicity. The lowest LD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents ofconcern are an oral LD50 of 2737 mg/kg and an inhalation LC50 of23,500 mg/m3, both for MEK. Additional health effects of the DFLconstituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Tiolube 460Dry Film Lubricant may include, but may not be limited to,skin irritation including burning, dryness, redness, andcracking; eye irritation with redness, swelling, burning andtearing; irritation of gastrointestinal tract with nausea anddiarrhea; nose and throat irritation; and nervous systemdepression including drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, and lossof coordination.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to nausea, diarrhea, pneumoconiosis,and lung, spleen, and heart effects.

Currently used DFL Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant was assigned a low tomedium toxicity rating based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s)of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Tiolube 460 DryFilm Lubricant was given a low to medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant. Administrative controls maybe appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, allignition sources should be removed from the area where Tiolube 460 DryFilm Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker health protectionthroughout the DFL application process, and must include protectiveclothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields and impervious


gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye washstation, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended ifexposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 460 Dry FilmLubricant is provided in Table B-22.

Table B-22. ESOH Analysis of Tiodize Co.Tiolube 460 Dry Film Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Low to Medium Exposure Ratingb Low to Medium Hazard Ratingc Low to Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 2 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 2 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 2 EPA 17 Constituents 1



B.2.22. Tiolube 660-1 Dry Film Lubricant (Tiodize Co., Inc.) No information on the constituents of this DFL is currently available.

B.2.23. Xylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant (Whitford Corporation)

B.2.23.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Whitford Corporation Xylan 1053/399ABonded Dry Film Lubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Xylene, ethyl benzene, cadmium (in C.I.pigment yellow 35), and MIBK are all constituents of Xylan1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant which are listed asHAPs. In addition, this currently used DFL contains VOCstotaling 78.4 percent by volume.


• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: Five constituents ofXylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant may generatesolid waste that must be disposed of as hazardous. Thesefive substances and their listed hazardous waste numbers arexylene (F003 and U239), ethyl benzene (F003), barium(D005), cadmium (D006), and MIBK (F003 and U161).

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofXylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant may result inwaste streams containing any of five regulated chemicals:zinc, xylene, cadmium, ethyl benzene, N-methylpyrrolidone(NMP), and MIBK. Xylene and ethyl benzene aredesignated hazardous substances under CWA Section 311.Ethyl benzene, zinc and cadmium are designated under theCWA as both toxic and priority pollutants. NMP, ethylbenzene, and MIBK are listed as pretreatment pollutants. Inaddition, effluent limitation guidelines have been developedfor cadmium, zinc and ethyl benzene.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofXylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant are requiredto be listed on TRI reports under EPCRA Section 313:NMP, barium, cadmium, xylene, ethyl benzene, and MIBK.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains the following constituents which are listed ashazardous substances under CERCLA: zinc, xylene,cadmium, ethyl benzene, and MIBK.

• EPA 17: Three constituents of Xylan 1053/399A BondedDry Film Lubricant, xylene, cadmium, and MIBK, areincluded by EPA on the list of seventeen chemicals targetedfor strict regulation.

B.2.23.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFL Xylan1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant. This rating is based on thedetermination that Xylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant has amedium toxicity rating and a medium exposure rating. A medium hazardrating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this currently usedDFL. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and properlyimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers usingXylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant. Constituents of concernand exposure effects for Xylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant arediscussed below.


Constituents of concern in Xylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricantinclude NMP, molybdenum disulfide, xylene, ethyl benzene,polytetrafluoroethylene, C.I. pigment yellow 35, MIBK, and carbon black.For information on exposure limits and product composition seeAppendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• C.I. pigment yellow 35 contains cadmium, a known humancarcinogen. Polytetrafluoroethylene and carbon black aresuspected human carcinogens.

• Ethyl benzene is a known human genotoxicant.• Xylene, ethyl benzene, and MIBK are known human

neurotoxicants.


• NMP, xylene, ethyl benzene, and MIBK have been shownto be teratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for N-methylpyrrolidone, xylene,and carbon black.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Xylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry FilmLubricant. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range fromirritation to heart damage. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s forthe chemicals of concern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. Thelowest LD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents of concern are anoral LD50 of 1600 mg/kg for MIBK and an inhalation LC50 of 5000 mg/m3

for xylene. Additional health effects of the DFL constituents are discussedbelow.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure toXylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant may include,but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyes includingburning, tearing, redness, and swelling; irritation of the skinwith redness, cracking and blistering; nose and throatirritation; central nervous system effects of dizziness,drowsiness, fatigue and loss of coordination; and “polymerfume fever” with chills, fever, chest pain, and coughing.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to liver and kidney damage, lung and


pulmonary effects, pneumoconiosis, spleen and heartdamage, and olfactory and conjunctiva changes.

Currently used DFL Xylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant wasassigned a medium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50sand LC50s) of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs,Xylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant was given a mediumexposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Xylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant. Administrativecontrols may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and jobsharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area whereXylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant is in use. PPE is requiredfor worker health protection throughout the DFL application process, andmust include protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforatedsideshields and impervious gloves). Approved emergency facilities shouldbe present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fittedrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. A summary of the ESOH analysis of Whitford CorporationXylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant is provided in Table B-23.


Table B-23. ESOH Analysis of Whitford CorporationXylan 1053/399A Bonded Dry Film Lubricant




B.2.24. Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube (Zip-Chem Products, Division ofAndpak-EMA, Inc.)

B.2.24.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Zip-Chem Products Zip-Chem D-5460 MolyDri-Lube is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube containsone constituent, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, that is listedas a HAP. This currently used DFL emits VOCs totaling 96g/l.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least twoconstituents of this currently used DFL may generatehazardous waste: 1,1,1-trichloroethane (also known asmethyl chloroform) and 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane(also known as CFC-113 or Freon 113). 1,1,1-Trichloroethane is listed as hazardous waste numbers F001,F002, and U226 and 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane islisted as hazardous waste number F002.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use of Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube may result in waste streamscontaining one regulated compound: 1,1,1-trichloroethane.1,1,1-Trichloroethane is designated under the CWA as both


a toxic and priority pollutant, and is listed as a pretreatmentpollutant. In addition, effluent limitation guidelines havebeen developed for 1,1,1-trichloroethane.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofZip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube are required to be listedon TRI reports under EPCRA Section 313:1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane,and diethylene glycol ethyl ether.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This currently used DFLcontains 1,1,1-trichloroethane which is listed a hazardoussubstance under CERCLA.

• EPA 17: Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube contains1,1,1-trichloroethane which is one of the seventeenchemicals included on the EPA 17 list.

B.2.24.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low to medium hazard rating is given to the currently used DFLZip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube. This rating is based on thedetermination that Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube has a low to mediumtoxicity rating and a medium exposure rating. A low to medium hazardrating indicates that an overall low to moderate ESOH concern is causedby the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this currentlyused DFL. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and properlyimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers using Zip-ChemD-5460 Moly Dri-Lube. Constituents of concern and exposure effects forZip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube include1,1,1-trichloroethane, molybdenum disulfide, diethylene glycol ethyl ether,1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, and 1,1-difluoroethane. Forinformation on exposure limits and product composition see Appendix A. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the DFL.

• 1,1,1-Trichloroethane is a suspected human carcinogen.• 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane,

and 1,1-difluoroethane are known human neurotoxicants.



• 1,1,1-Trichloroethane and diethylene glycol ethyl ether have

been shown to be teratogens and/or reproductive toxicantsin laboratory animals.

• Animal mutation data exist for 1,1,1-trichloroethane,diethylene glycol ethyl ether, and 1,1-difluoroethane.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens orneurotoxicants were identified in Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube. Toxiceffects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation to cardiacirregularities. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicalsof concern also indicate a low to moderate level of toxicity. The lowestLD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oralLD50 of 5500 mg/kg for diethylene glycol ethyl ether and an inhalationLC50 of 3900 ppm for 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Additional health effects ofthe DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Zip-ChemD-5460 Moly Dri-Lube may include, but may not be limitedto, nausea, dizziness, frostbite, skin irritation or burning,transient eye irritation and corneal injury, anesthetic ornarcotic effects, headache, and cardiac irregularities.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to dermatitis; pneumoconiosis; and lung,spleen, heart, and central nervous system effects.

Currently used DFL Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube was assigned a lowto medium toxicity rating, based on published toxicity data (LD50s andLC50s) of individual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube was given a medium exposure rating.

Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields andimpervious gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded.

A summary of the ESOH analysis of Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube isprovided in Table B-24.


Table B-24. ESOH Analysis of Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube

Category RatingToxicity Ratinga Low to MediumExposure Ratingb MediumHazard Ratingc Low to MediumAir Emissions – HAPs 1Air Emissions – VOCs YesWastes Generated – Solid YesWastes Generated – Hazardous YesRegulated Wastewaters YesTRI Reporting 3CERCLA Hazardous Substances 1EPA 17 Constituents 1



APPENDIX C

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION (IDENTIFIED ALTERNATIVES)

Potential Alternatives Report C-i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

C.1. #099 Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant (Sandstrom Products Company) ...................... C-2C.2. #329 Solid Film Lubricant (Sandstrom Products Company) ......................................... C-6C.3. 0200 Dry Moly Lube (Sherwin-Williams Co., Sprayon Products Division) ................... C-8C.4. 387 Dry Moly Lubricant (Parkmay Sales Company)................................................... C-10C.5. Alseal 311 (Coatings for Industry, Inc.) ..................................................................... C-12C.6. Alseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating (Coatings for Industry, Inc.)............................ C-13C.7. Alseal 360 (Coatings for Industry, Inc.) ..................................................................... C-14C.8. Alseal 380 (Coatings for Industry, Inc.) ..................................................................... C-15C.9. AMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold Forming Precoat Lubricant (AML Industries,

Inc.)........................................................................................................................... C-15C.10. AMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry Film Lubricant (AML Industries, Inc.) ......... C-17C.11. AMLUBE 582 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry Film Lubricant (AML Industries, Inc.) ......... C-18C.12. Dag 143 Lubricant (Acheson Colloids Company)....................................................... C-19C.13. Dag 154 Graphite Dry Film Lubricant (Acheson Colloids Company).......................... C-21C.14. Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating (Acheson Colloids Company) .............................. C-22C.15. Dicronite® DL-5 Dry Film Lubricant (Dicronite Dry Lube) ........................................ C-26C.16. DOW CORNING® 321 Dry Film Lubricant (Dow Corning Corporation) ................... C-27C.17. Drilube #805N Heat Cured Lubricant (Drilube Company).......................................... C-28C.18. Dri-Slide EP Liquid Grease (Guardsman Products, Inc./Russack, Inc.)....................... C-29C.19. E/M®-1380B Extreme Temperature Dry Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ...................... C-31C.20. Everlube® 380D (E/M Corporation)........................................................................... C-32C.21. Everlube 811 (E/M Corporation) ............................................................................... C-34C.22. Everlube 812 (E/M Corporation) ............................................................................... C-36C.23. Everlube 9001 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)............................................. C-38C.24. Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)............................................. C-40C.25. Everlube Esnalube 382 Extreme Temperature Thread Lubricant (E/M Corporation) .. C-42C.26. Formkote® T-50 (E/M Corporation) .......................................................................... C-44C.27. Gleitmo 905 Water-Based MoS2 Solid Film Lubricant (Fuchs Lubricants Company) .. C-46C.28. GR-640 Dry Film Graphite Lubricant (Dixon Ticonderoga Co., Graphite &

Lubricant Division) .................................................................................................... C-48C.29. Graphite 50 (Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P.) ......................................................... C-49C.30. GW-330 Semi-Aqueous Graphite Lubricant (Dixon Ticonderoga Co., Graphite &

Lubricant Division) .................................................................................................... C-50C.31. Heavy Duty Anti-Seize Lubricant (Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P.) .......................... C-51C.32. HI-T 650 High Temperature Dry Film Lubricant (Sandstrom Products Company)...... C-53C.33. K-LUBE Formula K-500 Water-Based Low-VOC Dry Film Lubricant (Kaynar

Technologies, Inc.) .................................................................................................... C-55C.34. LubeCon® Series I/M Lubricant (LubeCon Systems, Inc.) ......................................... C-57C.35. Lube-Lok® 22-T Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation).......................................... C-58C.36. Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)......................................... C-59C.37. Lube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ........................................... C-60

C-ii Potential Alternatives Report

C.38. Lube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ........................................... C-62C.39. Lube-Lok 7400 Ceramic Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ............................. C-63C.40. LUBRIKO 730-A Moly Aerosol Spray Dry Film Lubricant (Master Lubricants

Company).................................................................................................................. C-65C.41. McLube 1708L Dry Film Lubricant (McGee Industries Incorporated)........................ C-67C.42. McLube MoS2-108L Dry Film Lubricant (McGee Industries Incorporated)................ C-69C.43. McLube MoS2-900 Water-Based Dry Film Lubricant (McGee Industries

Incorporated)............................................................................................................. C-71C.44. Moly Dry Film Lubricant (Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P.) ....................................... C-73C.45. MOLYKOTE® 7409 Bonded Lubricant (Dow Corning Corporation) ......................... C-75C.46. Molykote P37 Ultrapure High Temperature Paste (Dow Corning Corporation).......... C-77C.47. Never-Seez Nickel Grade AntiSeize and Lubricating Compound (Bostik, Inc.) .......... C-78C.48. Never-Seez Regular Grade AntiSeize and Lubricating Compound (Bostik, Inc.) ........ C-82C.49. NPI-14 Bonded Solid Film Lubricant (National Process Industries, Inc.).................... C-85C.50. NPI-16 Bonded Solid Film Lubricant (National Process Industries, Inc.).................... C-87C.51. NPI-425 Bonded Solid Film Lubricant (National Process Industries, Inc.).................. C-90C.52. Perma-Slik® C Air-Dry Bonded Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)................... C-92C.53. Perma-Slik RGAC Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)....................................... C-94C.54. Perma-Slik RMAC Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ...................................... C-96C.55. Perma-Slik S Air-Dry Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) .................................. C-98C.56. Permatex® Dry Moly Lubricant (Permatex Industrial Division of Loctite

Corporation)............................................................................................................ C-100C.57. SRA #1 (Surfaces Research).................................................................................... C-102C.58. SRA #2 (Surfaces Research).................................................................................... C-103C.59. SRA #3 (Surfaces Research).................................................................................... C-104C.60. Surf-Kote® LOB-1800-G Class A High Temperature Dry Film Lubricant (Hohman

Plating & Mfg., Inc.)................................................................................................ C-105C.61. T8E Paste (Tiodize Co., Inc.) .................................................................................. C-106C.62. Tiolube 29 (Tiodize Co., Inc.).................................................................................. C-108C.63. Tiolube 614-T7E (Tiodize Co., Inc.)........................................................................ C-109C.64. Tiolube 614-T9B (Tiodize Co., Inc.)........................................................................ C-110C.65. Tiolube K14-T9B (Tiodize Co., Inc.)....................................................................... C-111C.66. ULTRALUBE (Diversified Drilube, Inc.).............................................................. C-112C.67. Vitro-Lube NPI-1220 (National Process Industries, Inc.) ......................................... C-113C.68. X-204 Solid Film Lubricant (Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P.) ................................. C-115C.69. Xylan® 1052DF/880 Black (Whitford Corporation).................................................. C-117

Potential Alternatives Report C-iii

LIST OF TABLES

Page

Table C-1. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Sandstrom #099 SeriesE199 Solid Film Lubricant to Various Substrates................................................ C-3

Table C-2. Ingredients of Sandstrom #099 Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant ....................... C-4Table C-3. Ingredients of Sandstrom #329 Solid Film Lubricant........................................... C-6Table C-4. Ingredients of Sherwin-Williams/Sprayon Products 0200 Dry Moly Lube ........... C-8Table C-5. Ingredients of Parkmay Sales Company 387 Dry Moly Lubricant...................... C-10Table C-6. Ingredients of Coatings for Industry Alseal 311 ................................................ C-12Table C-7. Ingredients of Coatings for Industry Alseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating....... C-13Table C-8. Ingredients of Coatings for Industry Alseal 360 ................................................ C-14Table C-9. Ingredients of Coatings for Industry Alseal 380 ................................................ C-15Table C-10. Ingredients of AML Industries AMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold Forming

Precoat Lubricant ............................................................................................. C-16Table C-11. Ingredients of AML Industries AMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry Film

Lubricant.......................................................................................................... C-17Table C-12. Ingredients of AML Industries AMLUBE 582 .................................................. C-18Table C-13. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids Company Dag 143.......................................... C-19Table C-14. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Acheson Colloids Company

Dag 154 Graphite Dry Film Lubricant to Various Substrates............................. C-21Table C-15. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids Company Dag 154 Graphite Dry Film

Lubricant.......................................................................................................... C-22Table C-16. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Acheson Colloids Company

Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating to Various Substrates ................................. C-23Table C-17. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids Company Dag 213 Bonded Graphite

Coating ............................................................................................................ C-24Table C-18. Ingredients of Drilube #805N Heat Cured Lubricant ......................................... C-28Table C-19. Ingredients of Guardsman Products Dri-Slide EP Liquid Grease ....................... C-29Table C-20. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 380D................................................ C-32Table C-21. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 811 .................................................. C-34Table C-22. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 812 .................................................. C-36Table C-23. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 9001 Solid Film Lubricant ................ C-39Table C-24. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant ................ C-41Table C-25. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying E/M Corporation Everlube

Esnalube 382 Extreme Temperature Thread Lubricant to Various Substrates.... C-42Table C-26. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube Esnalube 382 Extreme Temperature

Thread Lubricant .............................................................................................. C-43Table C-27. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Formkote T-50 ............................................... C-44Table C-28. Ingredients of Fuchs Lubricants Company Gleitmo 905 Water-Based MoS2

Solid Film Lubricant ......................................................................................... C-46Table C-29. Ingredients of Dixon Ticonderoga GR-640 Dry Film Graphite Lubricant .......... C-48Table C-30. Ingredients of Fel-Pro Chemical Products Graphite 50...................................... C-49

C-iv Potential Alternatives Report

Table C-31. Ingredients of Dixon Ticonderoga GW-330 Semi-Aqueous Graphite Lubricant. C-50Table C-32. Ingredients of Fel-Pro Chemical Products Heavy Duty Anti-Seize Lubricant..... C-51Table C-33. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Sandstrom HI-T 650 High

Temperature Dry Film Lubricant to Various Substrates .................................... C-53Table C-34. Ingredients of Sandstrom Products Company HI-T 650 High Temperature Dry

Film Lubricant .................................................................................................. C-54Table C-35. Ingredients of Kaynar Technologies K-LUBE Formula K-500 Water-Based

Low-VOC Dry Film Lubricant.......................................................................... C-55Table C-36. Ingredients of LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant ................................................... C-57Table C-37. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 22-T Solid Film Lubricant .............. C-58Table C-38. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant............ C-59Table C-39. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant .............. C-60Table C-40. Ingredients of Master Lubricants Company LUBRIKO 730-A Moly Aerosol

Spray Dry Film Lubricant ................................................................................. C-65Table C-41. Ingredients of McGee Industries McLube 1708L Dry Film Lubricant................ C-67Table C-42. Ingredients of McGee Industries McLube MoS2-108L Dry Film Lubricant

(Aerosol Form)................................................................................................. C-69Table C-43. Ingredients of McGee Industries McLube MoS2-900 Water-Based Dry Film

Lubricant.......................................................................................................... C-71Table C-44. Ingredients of Fel-Pro Chemical Products Moly Dry Film Lubricant.................. C-74Table C-45. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Dow Corning MOLYKOTE

7409 Bonded Lubricant to Various Substrates .................................................. C-75Table C-46. Ingredients of Dow Corning MOLYKOTE 7409 Bonded Lubricant.................. C-76Table C-47. Ingredients of Dow Corning MOLYKOTE P37 Ultrapure High Temperature

Paste ................................................................................................................ C-77Table C-48. Ingredients of Bostik Never-Seez Nickel Grade Antiseize and Lubricating

Compound ....................................................................................................... C-78Table C-49. Ingredients of Bostik Never-Seez Regular Grade Antiseize and Lubricating

Compound ....................................................................................................... C-82Table C-50. Ingredients of National Process Industries NPI-14 Bonded Solid Film

Lubricant.......................................................................................................... C-85Table C-51. Ingredients of National Process Industries NPI-16 Bonded Solid Film

Lubricant.......................................................................................................... C-87Table C-52. Ingredients of National Process Industries NPI-425 Bonded Solid Film

Lubricant.......................................................................................................... C-90Table C-53. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik C Air-Dry Bonded Solid Film

Lubricant (Bulk Liquid Form)........................................................................... C-92Table C-54. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik RGAC Solid Film Lubricant.......... C-94Table C-55. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik RMAC Solid Film Lubricant ......... C-96Table C-56. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik S Air-Dry Solid Film Lubricant

(Bulk Liquid Form) .......................................................................................... C-98Table C-57. Ingredients of Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant.................................................. C-100Table C-58. Ingredients of Tiodize Co. T8E Paste ............................................................. C-106Table C-59. Ingredients of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 29............................................................. C-108Table C-60. Ingredients of National Process Industries Vitro-Lube NPI-1220 .................... C-113

Potential Alternatives Report C-v

Table C-61. Ingredients of Fel-Pro Chemical Products X-204 Solid Film Lubricant............ C-115Table C-62. Ingredients of Whitford Corporation Xylan 1052DF/880 Black....................... C-118


Potential Alternatives Report C-1

Dry film lubricants (DFLs), also known as solid film lubricants, are much like paint in content andapplication. They are made by dispersing finely divided lubricant powders (pigments) into a resinbinder. The lubricant powders are usually molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), graphite, or otherlamellar crystal structure materials which possess low friction and wear characteristics. However,many DFLs contain lead which is a hazardous chemical and is subject to environmental andworker protection regulations.

Currently, any DFL meeting the requirements of MIL-C-46010E (Lubricant, Solid Film: HeatCured, Corrosion Inhibiting, dated April 11, 1997), MIL-L-45983 (Lubricant, Solid Film: HeatCured (Temperature Range 125° - 250°F (51.8° - 121°C)) Corrosion Inhibiting, datedAugust 31, 1976), MIL-L-46147B (Lubricant, Solid Film, Air Cured (Corrosion Inhibiting),dated December 2, 1994), MIL-L-23398D (Lubricant, Solid Film, Air-Cured, CorrosionInhibiting, NATO Code Number S-749, second amendment dated January 18, 1994), orMIL-L-81329C (Lubricant, Solid Film, Extreme Environment, NATO Code Number S-1737,Metric, first amendment dated January 12, 1994) may contain lead or lead compounds, althoughthe Qualified Products Lists (QPLs) for some of these military specifications include somelead-free DFLs. A greater number of lead-free DFLs that can replace these military specificationcoatings for use in aircraft engines is desired. These lead-free DFLs will eliminate lead emissionsand wastes generated during application of conventional DFLs.

To identify alternatives to lead-containing DFLs, Concurrent Technologies Corporation (CTC)was tasked to identify vendors and manufacturers of DFLs. Vendors were identified in the fall of1996 through a search of the Thomas Register on the World Wide Web, athttp://www.thomasregister.com, using the terms “Dry Film Lubricant.” In addition, the originalequipment manufacturers participating in the Propulsion Environmental Working Group identifiedsome suppliers of DFLs and/or some specific products with promising characteristics. Eachidentified vendor was asked to provide information about products capable of providing thedesired antigalling and antiseizing characteristics for this project. In some cases, the productsidentified by the suppliers were ceramic or metallic coatings rather than traditional DFLs.

A brief description of each identified alternative, advantages and limitations, and some informationabout the DFL ingredients are presented in this appendix. The ingredients are listed as identifiedin the material safety data sheet (MSDS) for each product, including the Chemical AbstractService (CAS) registration number for each constituent, when the CAS number is available. Foreach listed constituent of each DFL, the permissible exposure limit (PEL) promulgated by theOccupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the threshold limit value (TLV)suggested by the American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) are givenin this discussion. Some common units for the PELs and TLVs are milligrams per cubic meter(mg/m3) and parts per million (ppm). Also included is a point of contact in the manufacturing ordeveloping company, if possible. Alternative solid lubricants are discussed in Sections C.1through C.69.

C-2 Potential Alternatives Report

C.1. #099 SERIES E199 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (SANDSTROM PRODUCTSCOMPANY)

Sandstrom #099 Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant is a heat-curing coating intended toprevent corrosion, galling, seizing, and fretting. This paint-like coating contains MoS2 andcorrosion inhibiting pigments dispersed in a thermosetting epoxy resin system. It may beapplied by spraying or dipping to a wide variety of substrates including titanium, steel andstainless steel, aluminum, and copper alloys. For spray application, Sandstrom #099Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant should usually be thinned with approximately 10%water; thinning with up to 20% water may be necessary to achieve the desired filmthickness and uniformity during dip application. The recommended film thickness is0.5 mil (0.0005 inch), which can generally be achieved by dipping once. If excess filmbuildup occurs, the cured film may be lightly burnished to aid in mating of parts. Theoperating temperature range is reported to be –320°F to 500°F. Once it has beenheat-cured, Sandstrom #099 Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant is resistant to solvents,acids, oils, and degreasers. It has a shelf life of one year when stored at 77°F.

Sandstrom #099 Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant is on the QPL for MIL-L-46010(Type III). Its coefficient of friction by Falex test is reported to be 0.0236. Theendurance life of the cured film ranges from 500 minutes to 900 minutes, depending onsubstrate and surface preparation, at a load of 1000 pounds force (lbf). The load carryingcapacity of the cured film is 2750 lbf. A 0.0005 inch (0.5 mil) thick cured film over zincphosphated steel successfully resisted corrosion for approximately 500 hours whenexposed to 5% salt fog.

Table C-1 lists the pretreatments recommended prior to application of Sandstrom #099Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant to specific metals.


Table C-1. Recommended Surface Preparations for ApplyingSandstrom #099 Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant to Various Substrates

Substrate Recommended Surface PreparationSteel 1. Degrease (trichloroethylene preferred)

2. Grit blast to 30-60 microinches (µin) root mean squared (rms)3. Clean surface (remove grit blast debris)4. Zinc phosphate to 1100-1600 milligrams per square foot (mg/ft2)

Stainless Steel 1. Degrease (trichloroethylene preferred)2. Grit blast to 30-60 µin rms3. Clean surface (remove grit blast debris)4. Passivate

Aluminum 1. Degrease (trichloroethylene preferred)2. Anodize (hot water or nickel acetate seal)

OrHard coat and seal

Copper Alloys 1. Degrease (trichloroethylene preferred)2. Black oxide treat according to MIL-F-495C (preferred)

OrBright dipOrGrit blast to 30-60 µin rms

Titanium 1. Solvent wash (nonchlorinated)2. Alkaline anodize

After application of Sandstrom #099 Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant, allow the surfaceto air-dry for at least 30 minutes and up to one hour before any assembly. Curing at400°F for one hour is reported to yield optimum corrosion protection and wear life; this isone hour from the time at which the part reaches 400°F. If necessary (e.g., with aluminumsubstrates), the lubricant may be cured at 300°F for one hour; this will result in lowerperformance properties.

Sandstrom #099 Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant has a volatile organic compound(VOC) content of approximately 2.6 pounds per gallon (lb/gal) (310 grams per liter [g/l]).The ingredients of Sandstrom #099 Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant, as reported in theMSDS, are reported in Table C-2.


Table C-2. Ingredients of Sandstrom #099 Series E199 Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

2-Propoxyethanol 002807-30-9

5-10 N.E. N.E.

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5

15-20 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3


10-12 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb

Bisphenol ADiglycidyl Ether(Bisphenol A-EpichlorohydrinCopolymer)

025068-38-6

5-10 N.E. N.E.

Zinc Phosphate 007779-90-0

1-5 N.E. N.E.

Benzoguanamine-FormaldehydeResin

068037-08-1

1-5 N.E. N.E.


The dried film of this product may become a dust nuisance when removed by sanding orgrinding. OSHA recommends a PEL and time-weighted average (TWA) of 15 mg/m3 fortotal dust and 5 mg/m3 for the respirable fraction. ACGIH recommends a TLV/TWA of10 mg/m3 for total dust. National Institute of Occupational, Safety, and Health (NIOSH)respirators are recommended if exposure exceeds the TLVs. Antimony trioxide isconsidered a known carcinogen by the German Research Society (DFG), and is suspectedto be a carcinogen by the ACGIH.


• Sandstrom Products Company, “#099 Waterborne Solid Film Lubricant,”Material Safety Data Sheet, August 29, 1996

• Sandstrom Products Company, “#099 Solid Film Lubricant,” SandstromProducts Company Technical Information Guide.

Point of Contact Jeri Mead Sandstrom Products Company 224 South Main St. Port Byron, IL 61275 Phone: 309-523-2121


800-747-1084 Fax: 309-523-3912


C.2. #329 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (SANDSTROM PRODUCTS COMPANY) #329 Solid Film Lubricant is a waterborne lubricant formulated with MoS2, graphite, andantimony trioxide to lubricate and resist galling and seizing in environments of hightemperature, nuclear radiation, and vacuum. The useful operating temperature range isreported to be -300°F to +1200°F. The endurance life of the cured film is 80 minutes at aload of 1000 lbf. The load carrying capacity of the cured film is 2500 lbf for one minute.The shelf life of #329 Solid Film Lubricant is six months from shipping date. All metal should be degreased before application of #329 Solid Film Lubricant. Inaddition, the manufacturer recommends that steel surfaces should be grit blasted to asurface finish of 50 µin to 60 µin rms, cleaned, and zinc phosphated (1.6 grams per squarefoot [g/ft2] to 2 g/ft2) for optimum performance. #329 Solid Film Lubricant may be applied by spraying, brushing, or dipping, to a widevariety of metals. Deionized water may be added to thin the fluid as needed. Thoroughmixing before and during application is required. It is recommended that the lubricant beapplied to a cured film thickness of between 0.00025 inch and 0.0014 inch (0.25 mil to 1.4mils); the exact thickness required depends on the desired properties.

After application of #329 Solid Film Lubricant, hold parts at 70°F and 50% relativehumidity for 30 minutes before placing in an oven for curing. Cure at 180°F for twohours, followed by two hours at 300°F. Note that timing of cure periods should startwhen the part has reached the specified temperature. If removal of #329 Solid FilmLubricant is required, physical removal (i.e., grit blasting, sanding, or grinding) isrecommended. #329 Solid Film Lubricant contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of #329 Solid FilmLubricant, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-3.

Table C-3. Ingredients of Sandstrom #329 Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Silicic AcidSodium Salt

001344-09-8

10-15 15 mg/m3 10 mg/m3

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5

20-25 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3

Graphite 007782-42-5

N.R. 2.5 mg/m3 Respirable 2.0 mg/m3 Respirable

AntimonyTrioxide

001309-64-4

15 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb

N.R. = Percentage Not Reported


Antimony trioxide is reported to be a confirmed carcinogen by the DFG and is reported asa suspected carcinogen by the ACGIH. Additional Supporting Literature

• Sandstrom Products Company, “#329 Solid Film Lubricant,” MaterialSafety Data Sheet, March 15, 1997

• Sandstrom Products Company, “#329 Solid Film Lubricant,” SandstromProducts Company Technical Information Guide.

Point of Contact Jeri Mead Sandstrom Products Company 224 South Main St. Port Byron, IL 61275 Phone: 309-523-2121 800-747-1084 Fax: 309-523-3912


C.3. 0200 DRY MOLY LUBE (SHERWIN-WILLIAMS CO., SPRAYON PRODUCTSDIVISION) 0200 Dry Moly Lube is a high-solids MoS2 coating provided in aerosol cans. It is a non-methylene chloride formula that bonds to all clean surfaces that are not adversely affectedby alcohol or aromatic hydrocarbons, (e.g., toluene or xylene). It is recommended for usein assembly and run-in lubrication for machine tool sliding surfaces and gears, bearings,and intricate mechanisms. 0200 Dry Moly Lube is reported to withstand pressures up to500,000 pounds per square inch (psi) and maintain effectiveness under temperatures up to650°F constant exposure and 750°F intermittent exposure. The coefficient of friction is0.19 as measured in accordance with ASTM D4518. It dries tack-free in five minutes toten minutes and fully cures in two hours at room temperature, and is nonconductive. Theshelf life is guaranteed for one year from the date of manufacture. Surface preparation before application of 0200 Dry Moly Lube should include grit blastingand vapor degreasing or solvent wipe. The VOC content of 0200 Dry Moly Lube is 98 percent by mass (mass %) (more than500 g/l). The ingredients of 0200 Dry Moly Lube, as reported in the MSDS, are reportedin Table C-4.

Table C-4. Ingredients of Sherwin-Williams/Sprayon Products 0200 Dry Moly Lube


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Acetone 000067-64-1 35 1000 ppm 500 ppm Isopropyl Alcohol 000067-63-0 26 400 ppm 400 ppm Isobutane(2-Methylpropane)

000075-28-5 24 N.E. N.E.

Propane 000074-98-6 6 1000 ppm 2500 ppm proposed n-Heptane 000142-82-5 5 500 ppm 400 ppm MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 2 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Xylene 001330-20-7 2 100 ppm 100 ppm N.E. = Not Established

Note that NIOSH suggests a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 800 ppm forisobutane.



• Sprayon Products, Division of the Sherwin-Williams Co., “Lubricants, RustPrevention, and Maintenance Products,” Material Safety Data Sheet,February 1, 1995

• Sprayon Products, Division of the Sherwin-Williams Co., “Sprayon 0200Dry Moly Lube,” Product Information Data

• Kriszan, Carol, Sherwin-Williams Co., Sprayon Products Division,Telephone Conversation, April 1997.

Point of Contact Carol Kriszan, Product Manager Sprayon Products Division of the Sherwin-Williams Co. 31500 Solon Rd. Solon, OH 44139 Phone: 800-777-2966


C.4. 387 DRY MOLY LUBRICANT (PARKMAY SALES COMPANY) Parkmay 387 Dry Moly Lubricant is dispensed from an aerosol can and forms a thin, dry,non-transferable air-drying black coating containing approximately 1% MoS2 to provideanti-friction and anti-seize properties. It is recommended for use on conveyors, couplings,chains, and similar applications, and to prevent corrosion during shipping. 387 Dry MolyLubricant is pressure-stable between 5,000 psi and 10,000 psi and temperature-stablebetween -40°F and 650°F (and intermittent exposure to 750°F). The shelf life isapproximately one year. Surfaces should be free of dust and oil before application of 387 Dry Moly Lubricant.This product will air-dry. 387 Dry Moly Lubricant is reported to contain more than 500 g/l VOCs. The ingredientsof 387 Dry Moly Lubricant, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-5.

Table C-5. Ingredients of Parkmay Sales Company 387 Dry Moly Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIHTLV

Methylene Chloride 000075-09-2 N.R. 25 ppm 50 ppm Xylene 001330-20-7 N.R. 100 ppm 100 ppm Isopropyl Alcohol 000067-63-0 N.R. 400 ppm 400 ppm MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3

Isobutane(2-Methylpropane)

000075-28-5 N.R. N.E. N.E.

Propane 000074-98-6 N.R. 1000 ppm 2500 ppmproposed

N.E. = ..................................................................................................................................... NotEstablished N.R. = Percentage Not Reported

Note that NIOSH suggests a REL of 800 ppm for isobutane. Methylene chloride isconsidered a known carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC) and the National Toxicology Program (NTP), and is suspected to be a carcinogenby the ACGIH and the DFG. Additional Supporting Literature

• Parkmay Sales Company, “Dry Moly Lubricant 387,” Technical DataSheet

• Parkmay Sales Company, “Misty Dry Moly Lubricant 387,” MaterialSafety Data Sheet, August 19, 1994

• Elgin, Phil, Parkmay Sales Company, Telephone Conversation, May 1997.


Point of Contact Phil Elgin Parkmay Sales Company 2 Fremont Street West Orange, NJ 07052 Phone: 201-736-3871 Fax: 201-736-8399


C.5. ALSEAL 311 (COATINGS FOR INDUSTRY, INC.) Alseal 311 is a water-based solid film lubricant consisting of MoS2 and a urethanecopolymer. This lubricant is reported to have excellent flexibility and hardness, along withgood chemical resistance. The shelf life of Alseal 311 is one year. The preferred surface treatment prior to application of Alseal 311 is 180 mesh grit blast.Surfaces should be free of dirt and grease prior to grit blasting. It is recommended thatsteel surfaces should have a zinc or iron phosphate pretreatment applied. Sprayapplication is recommended, to a dry film thickness of 0.0005 inch to 0.001 inch (0.5 milto 1 mil). Thinning is not usually required, but water may be used for thinning if a lowerviscosity is desired. After application, Alseal 311 may be cured by air-drying at room temperature for24 hours, or by baking for 20 minutes at 300°F. Alseal 311 solid film lubricant contains approximately 230 g/l VOCs. The ingredients ofAlseal 311 solid film lubricant, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-6.

Table C-6. Ingredients of Coatings for Industry Alseal 311


OSHA PEL ACGIHTLV

N,N-Dimethylethanolamine

000108-01-0

1.08 N.E. N.E.

N-Methylpyrrolidone 000872-50-4

6.07 N.E. N.E.

Molybdenum Disulfide 001317-33-5

N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3

N.E. = Not Established N.R. = Percentage Not Reported

The manufacturer recommends that a PEL of 100 ppm be assumed for N-methylpyrrolidone. Additional Supporting Literature

• Coatings for Industry, Inc., “ALSEAL 311,” Product Data Sheet• Coatings for Industry, Inc., “ALSEAL 311,” Material Safety Data Sheet,

May, 1997. Point of Contact James M. Klotz Coatings for Industry, Inc., 319 Township Line Rd. Souderton, PA 18964 Phone: 215-723-0919


C.6. ALSEAL 333 INORGANIC FRETTING COATING (COATINGS FORINDUSTRY, INC.) Alseal 333 is a mixture of MoS2 and fluoride lubricating powder in a water-basedinorganic binder. This air-drying coating is intended to protect against seizing attemperatures up to 1450°F. The shelf life of Alseal 333 is at least one year. Surfaces to which Alseal 333 will be applied should be degreased and cleaned, then gritblasted with 120 - 150 mesh aluminum oxide. Spray, dip, or brush application is possible.Up to 10% by volume deionized water may be added to decrease viscosity. Cure Alseal 333 by air drying for at least eight hours. An accelerated cure procedure of20 minutes air-dry followed by 30 minutes at 250°F may be used. Cured Alseal 333 maybe removed by grit blasting or by immersion in hot (approximately 150°F) caustic sodasolution. Alseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of Alseal 333Inorganic Fretting Coating, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-7.

Table C-7. Ingredients of Coatings for IndustryAlseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Alkali MetalSilicate

012627-14-4 N.R. As particulates: 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable

As particulates: 10 mg/m3, 3 mg/m3 Respirable

Cerium Fluoride 007758-88-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3 as F 2.5 mg/m3 as F MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3

N.R. = Percentage Not Reported Additional Supporting Literature

• Coatings for Industry, Inc., “ALSEAL 333,” Product Data Sheet• Coatings for Industry, Inc., “Alseal 333,” Material Safety Data Sheet,



C.7. ALSEAL 360 (COATINGS FOR INDUSTRY, INC.) Alseal 360 is an air-drying solid film lubricant containing graphite in an inorganic binder.It is intended to prevent galling and seizing of mated parts up to 1200°F. Alseal 360 has aminimum shelf life of one year. Surfaces should be degreased, cleaned, and grit blasted with 120 - 150 mesh aluminumoxide before application of Alseal 360 by spraying, brushing, or dipping. If decreasedviscosity is required, up to 10% by volume deionized water may be added. Cure Alseal 360 by allowing to air-dry at room temperature for eight hours. If a quickercure is desired, air-dry for 20 minutes then heat at 500°F for 30 minutes. CuredAlseal 360 can be removed by grit blasting or by immersion in hot (approximately 150°F)caustic soda solution. Alseal 360 high-temperature solid film lubricant contains zero VOCs. The ingredients ofAlseal 360, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-8.



OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV


012627-14-4 10 As particulates: 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable


Graphite 007782-42-5 16 2.5 mg/m3 Respirable 2.0 mg/m3 Respirable Additional Supporting Literature

• Coatings for Industry, Inc., “ALSEAL 360,” Product Data Sheet• Coatings for Industry, Inc., “Alseal 360,” Material Safety Data Sheet,



C.8. ALSEAL 380 (COATINGS FOR INDUSTRY, INC.) Alseal 380 is a water-based solid film lubricant containing MoS2 in an inorganic binder,used to protect mating parts from galling and seizing at temperatures up to 750°F. It hasa minimum shelf life of one year. The lubricant can be applied to clean metal surfaces that have been degreased and gritblasted (120 - 150 mesh aluminum oxide recommended) by spraying, dipping, or brushing.The lubricant may be thinned with deionized water (10% by volume maximum) if adecreased viscosity is required. Alseal 380 should be allowed to air-dry for at least eight hours after application. Curingmay be accelerated by air-drying for 20 minutes then curing at 500°F for 30 minutes. Thecured coating may be removed by grit blasting or by immersion in caustic soda solution atapproximately 150°F. Alseal 380 solid film lubricant contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of Alseal 380 solidfilm lubricant, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-9.



OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV


012627-14-4 8 As particulates: 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable


MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 28.5 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3


• Coatings for Industry, Inc., “Alseal 380,” Product Data Sheet• Coatings for Industry, Inc., “Alseal 380,” Material Safety Data Sheet,

June, 1995. Point of Contact James M. Klotz Coatings for Industry, Inc., 319 Township Line Rd. Souderton, PA 18964 Phone: 215-723-0919

C.9. AMLUBE 555 HEAVY DUTY COLD FORMING PRECOAT LUBRICANT (AMLINDUSTRIES, INC.)


AMLUBE 555 is a dispersion of MoS2 and graphite in water, developed as a precoatlubricant for difficult cold forming, cold extrusion, and wire drawing operations. It isreported to be especially suitable for titanium wire. AMLUBE 555 may be diluted with water to an appropriate viscosity for tank dipping,spraying or application in a batch tumbling system. After dilution, mild agitation isrecommended. The coating bath for dip application should be heated to 160°F to facilitatedrying. Parts for spray application should be preheated to 200°F to 250°F. A filmthickness ranging from 0.0003 inch to 0.002 inch (0.3 mil to 2 mils) may be achieved,depending on the application method used and the amount of dilution. The shelf life is oneyear after manufacture under original seal. AMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold Forming Precoat Lubricant contains zero VOCs. Theingredients of AMLUBE 555, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-10.

Table C-10. Ingredients of AML IndustriesAMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold Forming Precoat Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5


10 mg/m3


3-4 2.5 mg/m3 Respirable 2.0 mg/m3 Respirable


• AML Industries, Inc., “AMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold Forming PrecoatLubricant,” Product Data Sheet

• AML Industries, Inc., “AMLUBE 555,” Material Safety Data Sheet,February 2, 1996

• Hartsough, Robert, AML Industries, Inc., Telephone Conversation, May20, 1997.

Point of Contact Cheryl Nelson AML Industries, Inc. 520 Pine Avenue SE P.O. Box 4110 Warren, OH 44483 Phone: 800-860-5823 330-339-5000 Fax: 330-399-5005


C.10. AMLUBE 580 MOLY RESIN-BONDED DRY FILM LUBRICANT (AMLINDUSTRIES, INC.) AMLUBE 580 is an air-drying resin-bonded MoS2 DFL intended to provide lubrication inpress fit applications and during break-in. This product also provides lubrication andcorrosion protection for parts that are not accessible after assembly, and is reported toeliminate galling and seizing. AMLUBE 580 may be applied by dipping, spraying, orbrushing, after dilution with water to an appropriate viscosity. The coating thickness isdetermined by the dilution and method of application; film thicknesses ranging from0.0003 inch to 0.002 inch (0.3 mil to 2 mils) may be achieved. Parts should be preheatedto 150°F to 350°F to facilitate drying. The shelf life is one year after manufacture underoriginal seal. AMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry Film Lubricant contains zero VOCs. Theingredients of AMLUBE 580, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-11.

Table C-11. Ingredients of AML IndustriesAMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 5-10 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3


• AML Industries, Inc., “AMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry FilmLubricant,” Product Data Sheet

• AML Industries, Inc., “AMLUBE 580,” Material Safety Data Sheet,March 21, 1995

• Hartsough, Robert, AML Industries, Inc., Telephone Conversation,May 20, 1997.



C.11. AMLUBE 582 MOLY RESIN-BONDED DRY FILM LUBRICANT (AMLINDUSTRIES, INC.) AMLUBE 582 is an air-drying DFL containing MoS2 in a water-based resin. It isreported to eliminate galling and seizing under high loads, and to provide enhancedcorrosion protection compared to other AML Industries solid film lubricant products.AMLUBE 582 is identical to AMLUBE 580 except that it contains an additional amountof corrosion inhibitor, making it suitable for outdoor storage applications. The shelf life ofAMLUBE 582 is one year under original seal. AMLUBE 582 should be diluted with water to achieve the desired viscosity for spray ordip application. The lubricant should be agitated during application, and it isrecommended that parts be preheated to 150°F to 350°F to facilitate drying. AMLUBE 582 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of AMLUBE 582, as reported in theMSDS, are reported in Table C-12.

Table C-12. Ingredients of AML Industries AMLUBE 582


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3


• AML Industries, Inc., “AMLUBE 582 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry FilmLubricant,” Product Data Sheet

• AML Industries Inc., “AMLUBE 582,” Material Safety Data Sheet,May 3, 1995

• Hartsough, Robert, AML Industries, Inc., Telephone Conversation,May 20, 1997.



C.12. DAG 143 LUBRICANT (ACHESON COLLOIDS COMPANY)

Dag 143 is a two-component graphite dispersion in an inorganic matrix, designed toprovide lubrication under abnormally severe operating conditions. After curing, itprovides a dry lubricant coating that reduces fretting and galling at service temperaturesbetween 212°F and 1000°F. The reported coefficient of friction is 0.2. Dag 143 is notdesigned for use at operating temperatures below 212°F. Shelf life is one year aftermanufacture under original seal, or three months after mixing. The highly acidic crosslinking material in part “A” must be mixed with demineralizedwater and the carrier and binder found in part “B” to produce the working product. Thetwo components should be stirred before mixing to redisperse any solids that have settledduring storage. Grit blasting is recommended to prepare the surface, in addition toremoval of oils, greases, and dirt. Parts should be preheated to 200°F for brushapplication, and 350°F for spray application. After applying a coating of 0.001 inch to0.002 inch to the hot part, cure for one hour at a substrate temperature of 600°F. Dag 143 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of Dag 143, as listed in the MSDSs forpart A and part B, are reported in Table C-13.

Table C-13. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids Company Dag 143


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

DAG 143 A

MonoaluminumPhosphate Trihydrate

013530-50-2 57 N.E. N.E.

Phosphoric Acid 007664-38-2 2 1 mg/m3 1 mg/m3

DAG 143 B

Graphite 007782-42-5 22 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable N.E. = Not Established

The exposure issues related to monoaluminum phosphate trihydrate may be estimated byexamining the PEL and TLV for aluminum. It should be noted that OSHA has notestablished any PEL for aluminum, but NIOSH has established a REL of 2 mg/m3 andACGIH has established a TLV of 2 mg/m3 for aluminum.

Dag 143 Lubricant is being discontinued by Acheson Colloids Company.



• Acheson Colloids Company, “Dag 143 Lubricant,” Product Data Sheet• Acheson Colloids Company, “Dag 143 Lubricant,” Material Safety Data

Sheet, March 31, 1993• Cloutier, Steve, Acheson Colloids Company, Telephone Conversation,

April 1997.

Point of Contact

Steve CloutierAcheson Colloids Co.P.O. Box 611747Port Huron, MI 48061-1747Phone: 810-984-5581Fax: 810-984-1446


C.13. DAG 154 GRAPHITE DRY FILM LUBRICANT (ACHESON COLLOIDSCOMPANY)

Dag 154 is a stable compound of micrographite and cellulosic thermoplastic resin inisopropyl alcohol that adheres to most substrates and air dries rapidly at roomtemperature. This lubricant is available in aerosol cans as Aerodag® G; pre-diluted as Dag154 RFU; or as Electrodag® 154, which has controlled electrical properties. It isrecommended for use on internal combustion engine components during assembly andbreak-in, and as an anti-seize thread lubricant. The extended service temperature isreported to be 400°F, with intermittent exposure to 850°F acceptable. The reported staticcoefficient of friction is 0.19. Dag 154 has a minimum shelf life of six months aftermanufacture under original seal.

All substrates must be clean and dry prior to application of Dag 154. A solvent wipe andair-dry is reported to be sufficient for most applications. When maximum adhesion isrequired, the pretreatments listed in Table C-14 are recommended.

Table C-14. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Acheson ColloidsCompany Dag 154 Graphite Dry Film Lubricant to Various Substrates


2. Grit blast3. Pretreat with Lubrite 2 or Granodine 20 (both Parker +

Amchem products) or equivalentStainless Steel 1. Degrease

2. Grit blast3. Pretreat with Bonderite 70 or Granodraw 16 (both Parker +

Amchem products) or equivalentAluminum 1. Degrease

2. AnodizeorPretreat with Alodine 1200 (a Parker + Amchem product) orequivalent

Copper Alloys 1. Degrease2. Pretreat with acid etch

orPretreat with Entek CU-56 (an Enthone Inc. product)

Rubber, Plastics Clean with a solvent that will not affect the substrate

Prior to application, Dag 154 must be diluted with isopropyl alcohol or an equivalent, toan appropriate viscosity. Diluted Dag 154 or Dag 154 RFU should be thoroughly agitatedjust prior to application. The lubricant may be applied to a cured film thickness of0.0002 inch to 0.0005 inch (0.2 mil to 0.5 mil) by spray, dip, brush, or roller methods,although spray application is recommended as it provides the most uniform film thickness.


Under normal temperature and humidity conditions, the applied film of Dag 154 will bedry-to-touch within five minutes after application, and fully cured in approximatelytwo hours. The cured film may be removed with a caustic soda solution.

Fully diluted Dag 154 (Dag 154 RFU) contains approximately 770 g/l VOCs. Theingredients of Dag 154, as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-15.

Table C-15. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids CompanyDag 154 Graphite Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Graphite 007782-42-5 <20 2.5 mg/m3

Respirable2.0 mg/m3

RespirableProprietary Thickener Access #223 <5 15 mg/m3 10 mg/m3

1-Methoxy-2-Propanol (PropyleneGlycol Methyl Ether)

000107-98-2 <5 N.E. 100 ppm

n-Butyl Alcohol 000071-36-3 <5 100 ppm 25 ppm proposedHexylene Glycol 000107-41-5 <5 N.E. 25 ppm (ceiling)Isopropyl Alcohol 000067-63-0 >50 400 ppm 400 ppm


Note that the NIOSH suggests a REL of 100 ppm for propylene glycol methyl ether andceiling of 25 ppm for hexylene glycol. Dermal penetration is a particular route of concernfor n-butyl alcohol.


• Acheson Colloids Company, “Inorganic Bonded Lubricant Coating,”Product Data Sheet

• Acheson Colloids Company, “Dag 154,” Material Safety Data Sheet,January 25, 1991

• Cloutier, Steve, Acheson Colloids Company, Telephone Conversation,April 1997.

Point of Contact

Steve CloutierAcheson Colloids Co.P.O. Box 611747Port Huron, MI 48061-1747Phone: 810-984-5581Fax: 810-984-1446

C.14. DAG 213 BONDED GRAPHITE COATING (ACHESON COLLOIDS COMPANY)


Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating is a dry film coating formulated from processedmicrographite and epoxy resin. Some typical applications include automotive cylindersand pistons, jet engine blade roots, camera parts, and solenoid plungers. Dag 213 has aservice temperature of 300°F and will withstand intermittent operation at 350°F. Thereported static coefficient of friction of Dag 213 is 0.114. Fully cured Dag 213 is reportedto be resistant to most oils and solvents, with the exception of enamel strippers. Theminimum shelf life of Dag 213 is six months under original seal.

The coating can be applied to any substrate that is not adversely affected by the diluent orthe cure cycle. Substrate materials for which Dag 213 is suitable include steel, stainlesssteel, aluminum, copper alloys, rubber, and plastics. All substrates must be clean and dryprior to application of Dag 213. A chemical rinse or sandblast treatment is reported to besufficient for most applications. When maximum adhesion is required, the pretreatmentslisted in Table C-16 are recommended.

Table C-16. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Acheson ColloidsCompany Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating to Various Substrates


2. Sand blast or Vapor blast and/or

3. Phosphate coatStainless Steel 1. Degrease

2. Sand blastorVapor blast

Aluminum 1. Degrease2. Sand blast

orVapor blast

Copper Alloys 1. Degrease2. Sand blast

or Vapor blast

3. Dilute nitric acid dip4. Water rinse

Rubber Degrease with a solvent that will not affect the substratePlastics Degrease with a solvent that will not affect the substrate

and/orSand lightly

When preparing Dag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating for application, a small amount of thediluent should be added slowly while stirring. Diluent may be added to create the desiredconsistency, up to a maximum of two parts diluent to one part Dag 213 concentrate. The


fluid should be thoroughly mixed prior to application and agitated periodically. Dag 213may be applied by dipping or spraying, but application with an external atomizing spraygun with air pressure in the range of 25 psi to 40 psi is recommended. When applied byspraying, the film thickness should be approximately 0.0005 inch to 0.001 inch (0.5 mil to1 mil).

For maximum corrosion resistance, multiple spray coats should be applied with aten minute air dry between coats. The final coat should be air dried before oven curing at350°F for one hour or 425°F for 20 minutes. The cured film may be removed with acaustic soda solution.

Fully diluted (reduced) Dag 213 DFL contains approximately 800 g/l VOCs. Theingredients of Dag 213, as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-17.

Table C-17. Ingredients of Acheson Colloids CompanyDag 213 Bonded Graphite Coating


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Propylene GlycolMethyl Ether Acetate

000108-65-6 24 N.E. N.E.

Toluene 000108-88-3 24 200 ppm 50 ppmn-Butyl Alcohol 000071-36-3 15 100 ppm 25 ppm proposedGraphite 007782-42-5 9 2.5 mg/m3

Respirable2.0 mg/m3

RespirableFormaldehyde 000050-00-0 0.19 0.75 ppm 0.3 ppm (ceiling)Xylene 001330-20-7 5 100 ppm 100 ppm2-Butoxyethanol(Butyl Cellosolve, orEthylene GlycolMonobutyl Ether)

000111-76-2 4 50 ppm 25 ppm


Formaldehyde is considered a known carcinogen by the IARC and the NTP, and isclassified as a suspected carcinogen by ACGIH and DFG. Dermal penetration is aparticular route of concern for toluene, n-butyl alcohol, and 2-butoxyethanol.



• Acheson Colloids Company, “Dag 213 Dry Film Lubricant,” Product DataSheet

• Acheson Colloids Company, “Dag 213,” Material Safety Data Sheet,February 3, 1988

• Cloutier, Steve, Acheson Colloids Company, Telephone Conversation,April 1997.

Point of Contact Steve Cloutier Acheson Colloids Co. P.O. Box 611747 Port Huron, MI 48061-1747 Phone: 810-984-5581 Fax: 810-984-1446


C.15. DICRONITE® DL-5 DRY FILM LUBRICANT (DICRONITE DRY LUBE) Dicronite DL-5 Dry Film Lubricant is a molecular-bonded film of tungsten disulfideconforming to DOD-L-85645A (Lubricant, Dry Thin Film, Molecular Bonded, issuedOctober 15, 1988, Amendment 1 issued January 18, 1994). It is a DOD-L-85645 Type Ilubricant, meaning that it contains no binders and does not require any cure cycle. It hasbeen used on threaded fasteners, sliding mechanisms, and bearings exposed to extremeenvironments. The coefficient of friction is 0.03, and the lubricant is capable ofwithstanding pressures up to 350,000 psi. The reported operating temperature range is-350°F to +1000°F in air, and it is reported to lubricate at 2400°F in a vacuum of 10-14 Torr. Dicronite DL-5 can be applied to most metals. It is applied as two powders, usingpatented machines that may be licensed from Dicronite. Dicronite DL-5 forms a singlelayer of non-overlapping platelets of modified tungsten disulfide. The film thickness is thediameter of the individual particles, which is below 0.00002 inch (0.02 mil). Only onecoat of the lubricant can be applied. Dicronite DL-5 can be removed only by heavyabrasion or shearing of the substrate. Dicronite DL-5 is reported to be inert, nontoxic, noncorrosive, and resistant to most fuels,solvents, and acids. It contains modified tungsten disulfide. No other information aboutthe ingredients of Dicronite DL-5 is currently available. Additional Supporting Literature

• Dicronite Dry Lube, “Dicronite Dry Film Lubricant,” Technical Literature• O’Donnell, Terence, Dicronite Dry Lube, Telephone Conversation,

July 22, 1997. Point of Contact Terence (Terry) O’Donnell, General Manager Dicronite Dry Lube 816 East Edna Place Covina, CA 91723 Phone: 626-331-3308 Fax: 626-331-1996


C.16. DOW CORNING® 321 DRY FILM LUBRICANT (DOW CORNINGCORPORATION) DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant is currently used by one of the participatingaircraft engine manufacturers, and is being evaluated by the entire group. Detailedinformation about the characteristics and ingredients of DOW CORNING 321 Dry FilmLubricant may be found in Appendix A.


C.17. DRILUBE #805N HEAT CURED LUBRICANT (DRILUBE COMPANY) Drilube #805N is a water-based dispersion of MoS2 and graphite in a sodium silicatebinder. It is intended for use on threaded fasteners, sliding mechanisms, and bearingsexposed to extreme environments, and meets the requirements of MIL-L-81329. Theoperating temperature range is -350°F to +1000°F. Drilube #805N has an endurance lifeof 80 minutes under a 1000 lbf load, and a shelf life of one year. It is recommended that Drilube #805N be applied by spraying. It should be cured for twohours at 180°F, followed by one hour at 400°F. Drilube #805N contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of Drilube #805N, as listed in theMSDS, are reported in Table C-18.

Table C-18. Ingredients of Drilube #805N Heat Cured Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Graphite 007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable InorganicSilicate Binder

001344-09-8 N.R. 2 mg/m3 (corrosivematerial)

N.E.



• Drilube Company, “Drilube Product Summary,” Product Summary• Drilube Company, “Drilube #805N,” Material Safety Data Sheet,

September 10, 1996. Point of Contact Michael A. Moone, Technical Director Drilube Company 711 W. Broadway Glendale, CA 91024 Phone: 213-245-1804 818-240-8144 Fax: 818-244-0846


C.18. DRI-SLIDE EP LIQUID GREASE (GUARDSMAN PRODUCTS, INC./RUSSACK,INC.) Dri-Slide EP Liquid Grease is a DFL composed of MoS2 and graphite with a corrosioninhibitor in a hydrocarbon carrier. The lubricant is available in aerosol cans or as a bulkliquid. The bulk liquid form of Dri-Slide EP Liquid Grease contains approximately 470 g/l VOCs.The ingredients of Dri-Slide EP Liquid Grease, as listed in the MSDS, are reported inTable C-19.

Table C-19. Ingredients of Guardsman Products Dri-Slide EP Liquid Grease


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Medium AliphaticSolvent Naphtha

064742-88-7 40-50 100 ppm N.E.

Molybdenum Disulfide 001317-33-5 15-25 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Hydrotreated HeavyNaphthenic PetroleumDistillates

064742-52-5 15-25 N.E. N.E.

Graphite 007782-42-5 10-20 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable Corrosion Inhibitor 085595-45-5 1-10 N.E. N.E.

N.E. = Not Established No OSHA PEL or ACGIH TLV has been established for the corrosion inhibitor (CAS#085595-45-5), but the manufacturer recommends that a permissible exposure limit of5 mg/m3 be assumed. According to the IARC, the mixture of hydrotreated heavynaphthenic petroleum distillates is a confirmed carcinogen. Additional Supporting Literature

• Russack Inc., “Dri Slide,” Product Information• Guardsman Products, Inc., “Non-Chlorinated EP Grease,” Material Safety

Data Sheet, June 11, 1993.


Point of Contact David M. Russack Russack Inc. 1485 Showcase Drive Columbus, OH 43212 Phone: 614-291-6900 800-231-6901 Fax: 614-291-6929


C.19. E/M®-1380B EXTREME TEMPERATURE DRY LUBRICANT (E/MCORPORATION) E/M-1380B is an inorganic high-temperature lubricant and antiseize coating. This coatingis intended to be applied by E/M Corporation, but it is possible to license the process forapplication by user. The operating temperature range for this coating is reported to be -365°F to +1200°F, with capabilities up to 1400°F for fastener applications. The coating isinsoluble in solvents, conventional fuels, greases, and will withstand liquid oxygen (LOX)cleaning. Surface preparation is done by cleaning and irregularizing the surface so that the optimumcondition for bonding will exist. Stainless steel is usually grit blasted and passivated;plating is usually grit blasted. Aluminum is usually pretreated according to existingstandards, such as anodize per MIL-A-8625 or chemical conversion coat per MIL-C-5541. The finished coating will have a single surface thickness of0.0004 inch ± 0.0001 inch (0.4 mil ± 0.1 mil). The cure cycle used for E/M-1380B is a15-minute air-dry followed by two hours at 150°F then one hour at 500°F. For aluminumalloys, the one hour at 500°F can be replaced by two hours at 300°F. Information about the ingredients of E/M-1380B were provided by the manufacturer forthe purpose of environmental, safety, and occupational health (ESOH) analysis, but arenot available to be published. An ESOH analysis of E/M-1380B may be found inAppendix D. Additional Supporting Literature

• E/M Corporation, “E/M-1380B Processing Specification ExtremeTemperature Dry Lubricant,” Technical Data Sheet 301-X

• Paldino, William, E/M Corporation, Correspondence, January 10, 1997• Paldino, William, E/M Corporation, Telephone Conversation, July 22,

1997• Beall, Charles, E/M Corporation, Correspondence, November 13, 1997.



C.20. EVERLUBE® 380D (E/M CORPORATION) Everlube 380D is an inorganic high-temperature lubricant and antiseize compound. Thisproduct is reported to be suitable for use at temperatures up to 800°F in an oxidativeenvironment (air) and to 1200°F in an inert environment. The reported shelf life isapproximately one year. The coefficient of friction of Everlube 380D, as determined inaccordance with ASTM D2714, is 0.07. The endurance life and the load carryingcapacity, determined in accordance with ASTM D2625, are 40 minutes and 2500 lbf,respectively. Everlube 380D is reported to be resistant to the following fluids (determinedin accordance with ASTM D2510, Method C):

• Hydraulic fluid (MIL-H-5606)• Nonpetroleum hydraulic fluid (MIL-H-8446)• Aircraft turbine oil (MIL-L-7808)• Semifluid weapons lube-oil (MIL-L-46000)• Trichloroethylene• Small arms cleaning compound (MIL-C-372)• JP-4 jet fuel (MIL-T-5624)• Mineral spirits• Methyl ethyl ketone• Toluene• Morpholine• Deionized water• 0.1N sodium hydroxide• 5% sodium chloride solution.

Substrates to which Everlube 380D will be applied should be degreased and grit blasted.Everlube 380D should be applied by spraying to a film thickness of 0.0004 inch to0.0008 inch (0.4 mil to 0.8 mil), and then cured for two hours at 150°F followed bytwo hours at 500°F. The cured film may be removed by mechanical stripping or by acid orbase stripping. Everlube 380D contains zero VOCs. Its ingredients, as listed in the MSDS, are reportedin Table C-20.

Table C-20. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 380D


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Aluminum Salt N.R. <10 N.E. 2 mg/m3 as Al Graphite 007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3 Respirable 2.0 mg/m3

Respirable MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3

Phosphoric Acid 007664-38-2 10-20 1 mg/m3 1 mg/m3

N.E. = Not Established N.R. = CAS # or Percentage Not Reported


No CAS number or specific information about the aluminum salt has been provided, butthe exposure issues related to the aluminum salt may be estimated by examining the PELand TLV for aluminum. It should be noted that OSHA has not established any PEL foraluminum, but NIOSH has established a REL of 2 mg/m3 and ACGIH has established aTLV of 2 mg/m3 for aluminum. Additional Supporting Literature

• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 380D,” Technical Data Sheet 521-X• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 380D (10-352) Bonded Solid Film

Lubricant,” Material Safety Data Sheet, February 10, 1993• Jumper, Mike, E/M Corporation, Telephone Conversation, May 1997.



C.21. EVERLUBE 811 (E/M CORPORATION) Everlube 811 is an inorganic bonded solid film lubricant containing sodium silicate, MoS2,and graphite. It is designed as an extreme high-temperature solid film lubricant for usebetween -360°F and +1200°F. This coating has also been used and specified for vacuumapplications less than 10-9 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) without a reduction in wearlife. In addition, the product is designed to lubricate under extreme loads exceeding150,000 psi. The endurance life of Everlube 811, as determined in accordance withASTM D2625, is 60 minutes, and the reported coefficient of friction is 0.06 to 0.08. Thereported shelf life is six months from date of manufacture. This product provides a thin, clean, dry, permanently bonded layer of lubricating solidsthat is intended to reduce wear, prevent galling, and provide lubrication under extremeadverse conditions such as vacuum exposure, radiation exposure, or extreme high-temperature exposure. This product is reported to exceed the requirements of MIL-L-81329A, and is approvedby the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Atomic EnergyCommission for use as a LOX compatible, solid film lubricant. It is resistant to thefollowing:

• Nitrogen gas• Helium gas• Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine• Monomethyl hydrazine• Boron trichloride• Potassium hydroxide• Beta propriolactone• Ethyleneimine• Ethylene oxide-freon 12• Formaldehyde• Ammonium hydroxide.

Everlube 811 is not recommended for use in applications where it may be exposed tostrong oxidizers such as dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4). The coating should also only beused in dry applications. Everlube 811 is best applied by spraying, but can also be dipped or brushed on for anapproximate thickness of 0.0003 inch to 0.0005 inch (0.3 mil to 0.5 mil). If a greater filmthickness is desired, it is best to apply multiple thin uniform coats. Curing is required fortwo hours at 150°F followed by two hours at 400°F. Everlube 811 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients, as listed in the MSDS, reported inTable C-21.

Table C-21. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 811



OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3

Nonionic WettingAgent

N.E. N.R. N.E. N.E.

Graphite 007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3 Respirable 2.0 mg/m3

Respirable Inorganic SilicateCompound

N.E. N.R. N.E. N.E.



• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 811,” Technical Data Sheet 2050• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 811 Bonded Solid Film Lubricant,” Material

Safety Data Sheet, July 18, 1996• Jumper, Mike, E/M Corporation, Telephone Conversation, May 1997.



C.22. EVERLUBE 812 (E/M CORPORATION) Everlube 812 is an inorganic bonded solid film lubricant utilizing sodium silicates as thebonding agent with MoS2 and a carrier of distilled water (graphite- and carbon-free).Everlube 812 is designed for use between -420°F and +750°F. It is also capable of1300°F operation in hard vacuum or in a nonoxygen atmosphere. This coating has beenused and specified for vacuum applications less than 10-9 mm Hg without a reduction inwear life. It has been exposed to gamma radiation exceeding 1012 erg per gram°C withoutloss to wear life. In addition, the product is designed to lubricate under extreme loadsexceeding 200,000 psi. The endurance life of Everlube 812, as determined in accordancewith ASTM D2625, is 20 minutes. This product is reported to exceed most requirementsof MIL-L-81329A (except endurance life is 20 minutes average minimum). Everlube 812is not recommended for use in applications where it may be exposed to strong oxidizerssuch as N2O4. The shelf life is six months from date of manufacture. Everlube 812 is best applied by spraying, but can also be dipped or brushed on for anapproximate thickness of 0.0003 inch to 0.0005 inch (0.3 mil to 0.5 mil). Curing isrequired for two hours at 150°F followed by two hours at 400°F. Everlube 812 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients, as listed in the MSDS, are reported inTable C-22.

Table C-22. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Everlube 812


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3

Inorganic SilicateCompound

N.E. N.R. N.E. N.E.



• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 812,” Technical Data Sheet 2055• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 812, Bonded Solid Film Lubricant,” Material

Safety Data Sheet, September 3, 1996• Jumper, Mike, E/M Corporation, Telephone Conversation, May 1997.




C.23. EVERLUBE 9001 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION) Everlube 9001 is a water-based nonflammable solid film lubricant. Everlube 9001 isdesigned to be an extremely low-VOC solid film lubricant to exceed the performancerequirements of MIL-L-8937 and Boeing BAC 5811 Type VIII. It is reported to provideexcellent lubricity, wear resistance, adhesion, and load-carrying capacity in manyapplications. The endurance life of Everlube 9001 is reported to be at least 25 hours, andthe load carrying capacity is reported to be 2500 lbf. Everlube 9001 lubricates up to400°F continuous or 500°F intermittent operating temperatures. The product shelf life isone year from date of manufacture when stored in a closed container; Everlube 9001should not be allowed to freeze. The following are some reported functional properties:

• Fluid Resistance per BAC 5811− Synthetic Turbine Lube Oil (MIL-L-7808)− BMS 3-11 Hydraulic Fluid (Skydrol® 500B)

• Fluid Resistance per ASTM D 2510− Trichloroethane (MIL-T-81555)− Anti-Icing Fluid (MIL-A-8243)− Cleaning Compound (MIL-C-372)− Freon TF (MIL-C-81302)− Reagent H2O− Sea Water− Synthetic Hydraulic Fluid (MIL-H-83282)− JP-4 Jet Fuel (MIL-L-5624)− Synthetic Lube Oil (MIL-L-23699)− Silicone Damping Fluid (VV-D-1078)− Lubricating Oil (MIL-L-14107)− Lubricating Oil (MIL-L-46000)− Lubricant/Cleaner (MIL-L-63460).

After application, the cure cycle is 300°F for two hours or 400°F for one hour. Everlube 9001 contains approximately 180 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of Everlube 9001,as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-23.


Table C-23. Ingredients of E/M CorporationEverlube 9001 Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3

Graphite 007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable 2-Butoxyethanol(Butyl Cellosolve,or Ethylene GlycolMonobutyl Ether)

000111-76-2 <10 50 ppm 25 ppm

Water 007732-18-5 60-70 N.E. N.E. N.E. = Not Established N.R. = Percentage Not Reported

Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for 2-butoxyethanol. Additional Supporting Literature

• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 9001,” Technical Data Sheet 2401• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 9001 (10-954) Bonded Solid Film Lubricant,”

Material Safety Data Sheet, September 3, 1996• Jumper, Mike, E/M Corporation, Telephone Conversation, May 1997.



C.24. EVERLUBE 9002 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION) Everlube 9002 is a water-based nonflammable solid film lubricant. It does not containlead or lead compounds. Everlube 9002 is designed to be an extremely low-VOC solidfilm lubricant to provide lubricity, wear resistance, adhesion, and load-carrying capacity inmany applications. It lubricates up to 400°F continuous or 500°F intermittent operatingtemperatures. The endurance life and the load carrying capacity, determined inaccordance with ASTM D2625, are more than 450 minutes and greater than 3000 lbf,respectively. The product shelf life is one year from date of manufacture when stored in aclosed container; Everlube 9002 should not be allowed to freeze. Everlube 9002 isresistant to the following fluids, when tested in accordance with ASTM D 2510:

• Trichloroethane (MIL-T-81555)• Anti-Icing Fluid (MIL-A-8243)• Cleaning Compound (MIL-C-372)• Freon TF (MIL-C-81302)• Reagent H2O• Sea Water• Synthetic Hydraulic Fluid (MIL-H-83282)• JP-4 Jet Fuel (MIL-L-5624)• Synthetic Lube Oil (MIL-L-23699)• Silicone Damping Fluid (VV-D-1078)• Lubricating Oil (MIL-L-14107)• Lubricating Oil (MIL-L-46000)• Lubricant/Cleaner (MIL-L-63460).

After application, the cure cycle is 300°F for one hour or 400°F for one hour. Everlube 9002 contains approximately 180 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of Everlube 9002,as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-24.


Table C-24. Ingredients of E/M CorporationEverlube 9002 Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Molybdenum Disulfide 001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Inorganic AntimonyCompound

001309-64-4 <10 0.5 mg/m3 0.5 mg/m3

2-Butoxyethanol(Butyl Cellosolve, orEthylene GlycolMonobutyl Ether)

000111-76-2 <10 50 ppm 25 ppm

Isobutyl Alcohol 000078-83-1 <5 100 ppm 50 ppm N.R. = Percentage Not Reported

Antimony is considered a known carcinogen by the DFG, and is suspected to be acarcinogen by the ACGIH. Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for2-butoxyethanol. Additional Supporting Literature

• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 9002,” Technical Data Sheet 2402• E/M Corporation, “Everlube 9002 (10-955) Water Reducible Bonded Solid

Film Lubricant,” Material Safety Data Sheet, September 3, 1996.

Points of Contact




C.25. EVERLUBE ESNALUBE 382 EXTREME TEMPERATURE THREADLUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION)

Everlube Esnalube 382 solid film lubricant coating is a formulation of MoS2, inorganicbinders, inorganic corrosion-resistant additives, and a water carrier system. The coating isprimarily intended for application to metallic threaded surfaces of corrosion- and heat-resistant steel fasteners, couplings, or nuts. The coefficient of friction of Esnalube 382 is0.07 to 0.11. The product may be used in temperatures up to 2000°F when the coating issealed in a bolt-nut assembly. Testing has shown this product to effectively allow partreuse even after at least five removal/reinstallation cycles (i.e., for bolts or nuts) afterexposure to 550°F for 100 hours. At least one use cycle is possible after 100 hoursexposure to 800°F. Extended performance at temperatures above 850°F (up toapproximately 2000°F) may be obtained by capping the nut to exclude air and preventoxidation. Esnalube 382 is reported to be compatible with all types of structural metalswhich are specified for the aircraft, missile, spacecraft and general industries. Expectedshelf life is nine months after manufacture when maintained at 40°F to 90°F.

Surface preparation begins with removal of oils, grease, grit, and any other foreign mattercontamination; this is usually accomplished by vapor degreasing. Subsequent surfacepreparation techniques for specific materials are listed in Table C-25.

Table C-25. Recommended Surface Preparations for ApplyingE/M Corporation Everlube Esnalube 382 Extreme Temperature

Thread Lubricant to Various Substrates

Substrate Recommended Surface PreparationCorrosionResistant Steel

1. Grit blast with 120 mesh aluminum oxide or Nevada dry sand2. Passivate

Titanium Grit blastHeat ResistantSteel

1. Grit blast2. Phosphate in accordance with MIL-P-16232, Type M

Aluminum Alloys Anodize in accordance with MIL-A-8625orChemical conversion coat in accordance with MIL-C-5541

Nickel or ChromePlate

Grit blast

Wherever grit or sand blasting is used for the above substrates, the procedure should becontrolled so that the surface is only roughened slightly, resulting in a matte finish.

After appropriate surface preparation, Esnalube 382 may be applied by spray, brush, ordip methods, to a film thickness of 0.0005 inch ± 0.0001 inch (0.5 mil ± 0.1 mil).Following a 15-minute air-dry, the coating must be cured for two hours at 150°F ± 25°F


followed by two hours at 400°F ± 25°F. An optional baking cycle of four hours at 375°F± 25°F may be used if heating to 400°F is inappropriate for the substrate.

Everlube Esnalube 382 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of Esnalube 382, as listed inthe MSDS, are reported in Table C-26.

Table C-26. Ingredients of E/M CorporationEverlube Esnalube 382 Extreme Temperature Thread Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3

Nonionic WettingAgent

N.E. N.R. N.E. N.E.


N.E. N.R. N.E. N.E.

N.E. = Not EstablishedN.R. = Percentage Not Reported


• E/M Corporation, “Everlube Esnalube 382 Extreme Temperature ThreadLubricant,” Technical Data Sheet 2080

• E/M Corporation, “Esnalube 382 Bonded Solid Film Lubricant,” MaterialSafety Data Sheet, July 22, 1996

• Jumper, Mike, E/M Corporation, Telephone Conversation, May 1997. Points of Contact E/M Corporation 100 Cooper Circle Peachtree City, GA 30269 Phone: 770-261-4800 Fax: 770-261-4801 William Paldino, Aerospace/Military Marketing Manager E/M Corporation One John Downey Drive New Britain, CT 06051-2919 Phone: 860-224-9148 Fax: 860-224-6572


C.26. FORMKOTE® T-50 (E/M CORPORATION) Formkote T-50 is a combination of lubrication pigments suspended in a modified high-temperature resin binder with toluene as the carrier. It is intended for use in the hotforming of titanium metals to prevent galling in the forming operation. It is also reportedto be excellent for die casting aluminum and zinc metals, and of considerable value whenused in tube bending or extruding. The reported coefficient of friction of Formkote T-50is 0.05 to 0.08. The product may be used in a temperature range of -65°F to above1500°F. The recommended shelf life is six months from date of manufacture when storedat a maximum temperature of 110°F. Formkote T-50 may be applied to clean metal surfaces by spraying, brushing, dipping, orswab application; it is available as a bulk liquid or in aerosol cans. It may be thinned withtoluene if necessary. A coating thickness of 0.0005 inch to 0.0015 inch (0.5 mil to1.5 mils) is recommended. Cold forming operations will not polymerize the coating, so asimple solvent cleaning should remove all traces of the lubricant film. During hot forming,most of the film will burn off and the residue may be removed by solvent washing, alkalinecleaning, pickling, or vapor honing, followed by a demineralized water rinse. Fully diluted Formkote T-50 contains approximately 770 g/l VOCs. The ingredients ofFormkote T-50, as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-27.

Table C-27. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Formkote T-50


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Toluene 000108-88-3

70-80 200 ppm 50 ppm

Xylene 001330-20-7

<10 100 ppm 100 ppm



N.R. = Percentage Not Reported Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for toluene.


• E/M Corporation, “Formkote T-50,” Technical Data Sheet 2230• E/M Corporation, “Formkote T-50 (10-124) Solid Film Lubricant,”

Material Safety Data Sheet, July 22, 1996• Jumper, Mike, E/M Corporation, Telephone Conversation, May 1997.




C.27. GLEITMO 905 WATER-BASED MOS2 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (FUCHSLUBRICANTS COMPANY) Gleitmo 905 is a water-based solid film lubricant utilizing a combination of lubricants.Some possible uses are for screws and nuts made of high-grade steels, cylinder headscrews, washers, tension pins, threaded spindles, slide rails, cold-extrusion-pressedmaterials, and components used in vacuum environments. Gleitmo 905 contains noorganic solvents and can therefore be safely applied to form a dry, firmly adheringlubricating film over a temperature range of -70°C to +400°C (-95°F to 751°F). Thecoefficient of friction is reported to be 0.05. The shelf life of the lubricant is one year. Substrates should be clean prior to application of Gleitmo 905 by spraying, dipping, orbrushing. The recommended film thickness is 0.0002 inch to 0.0008 inch (0.2 mil to0.8 mil). After application, Gleitmo 905 should be allowed to air-dry for 30 minutes, thenit should be cured for one hour at 300°F. Gleitmo 905 contains zero VOCs. The ingredient of Gleitmo 905, as listed in the MSDS,are reported in Table C-28.

Table C-28. Ingredients of Fuchs Lubricants CompanyGleitmo 905 Water-Based MoS2 Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3

Water 007732-18-5 N.R. N.E. N.E. Inorganic Binder N.E. N.R. N.E. N.E.



• Fuchs Lubricants Company, “Gleitmo 905 Water Based MoS2 Solid FilmLubricants,” Technical Data Sheet

• Fuchs Lubricants Company, “Gleitmo 905 Water-based MoS2 Solid FilmLubricant,” Material Safety Data Sheet, August 30, 1995

• Atkiss, Tom, Fuchs Lubricants Company, Telephone Conversation, May1997.


Point of Contact Tom Atkiss Fuchs Lubricants Company 17050 Lathrop Ave. Harvey, IL 60426 Phone: 708-333-8900 Fax: 708-333-9180


C.28. GR-640 DRY FILM GRAPHITE LUBRICANT (DIXON TICONDEROGA CO.,GRAPHITE & LUBRICANT DIVISION) GR-640 Dry Film Graphite Lubricant contains graphite in an organic resin binder,intended as a general purpose and electrically conductive DFL. It is reported to be highlyresistant to oil and water. Surfaces to be coated with GR-640 should be clean and dry. Any good oil or greasesolvent may be used to preclean, and steam cleaning is strongly recommended. Brushapplication is recommended, but GR-640 may be applied by spraying after the lubricant isthinned with xylene. For longest wear, a second coat should be applied after the first coathas dried (approximately 7 minutes to 11 minutes). GR-640 contains approximately 460 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of GR-640, as listed inthe MSDS, are reported in Table C-29.

Table C-29. Ingredients of Dixon TiconderogaGR-640 Dry Film Graphite Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Xylene 001330-20-7

40 100 ppm 100 ppm


40 2.5 mg/m3 Respirable 2.0 mg/m3 Respirable

In addition, an exposure limit for the total product of 100 ppm for an eight hour work dayis required, based on OSHA regulation Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part1910.1000 (29 CFR 1910.1000). Additional Supporting Literature

• Dixon Ticonderoga Co., Graphite & Lubricant Division, “SuspensionGR-640 Dry Film Lubricant,” Product Data Sheet

• Dixon Ticonderoga Company, “GR-640,” Material Safety Data Sheet,May 1995.

Point of Contact Larry Silfane Dixon Ticonderoga Company P.O. Box 287 Lakehurst, NJ 08733-0287 Phone: 908-657-2255 Fax: 908-657-2323


C.29. GRAPHITE 50 (FEL-PRO CHEMICAL PRODUCTS L.P.) Graphite 50 is an antiseize paste lubricant formulated from graphite and petrolatum toprovide good electrical conductivity and lubrication up to 900°F in threaded joints. Itmeets the requirements of MIL-T-5544 (Thread Compound, Antiseize, Graphite-Petrolatum, MIL-T-5544C issued April 4, 1991). The reported torque coefficient offriction is 0.13 on steel nuts and bolts. Wipe or brush a thin layer of Graphite 50 lubricant paste onto clean thread surfaces priorto assembly, without thinning the paste. Excess will be pushed off during assembly. Graphite 50 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of Graphite 50, as listed in the MSDS,are reported in Table C-30.

Table C-30. Ingredients of Fel-Pro Chemical Products Graphite 50


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV


30-50 2.5 mg/m3 Respirable 2.0 mg/m3 Respirable

Petrolatum 008009-03-8

>3 N.E. N.E.

N.E. = Not Established Additional Supporting Literature

• Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P., “Graphite 50 (Formerly C-601-S),”Material Safety Data Sheet, January 12, 1996

• Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P., “Graphite 50,” Fel-Pro TechnicalInformation.

Point of Contact Pablo Montero Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P. 3412 W. Touhy Ave. Lincolnwood, IL 60645 Phone: 800-457-9382 Phone (POC): 847-568-2357 Fax: 847-674-0019


C.30. GW-330 SEMI-AQUEOUS GRAPHITE LUBRICANT (DIXON TICONDEROGACO., GRAPHITE & LUBRICANT DIVISION) GW-330 is a water-based graphite DFL with an acrylic copolymer. It is reported to havevery good weather resistance when applied on steel. Surfaces to be coated with GW-330 should be thoroughly clean and free of grease, oil,and dirt. Steam or solvent cleaning may be used to achieve the appropriate cleanliness.Stir GW-330 prior to application, to ensure uniformity of the suspension. Apply thelubricant by brush or by spraying. For best results, apply a second coat approximately45 minutes after the first coat. GW-330 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of GW-330, as listed in the MSDS, arereported in Table C-31.

Table C-31. Ingredients of Dixon TiconderogaGW-330 Semi-Aqueous Graphite Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Graphite 007782-42-5 30 2.5 mg/m3 Respirable 2.0 mg/m3 Respirable Additional Supporting Literature

• Dixon Ticonderoga Co., Graphite & Lubricant Division, “GW-330 Semi-Aqueous Graphite Lubricant,” Product Data Sheet

• Dixon Ticonderoga Company, “GW330 Graphite Dispersion in Water,”Material Safety Data Sheet, July 1995.

Point of Contact Larry Silfane Dixon Ticonderoga Company P.O. Box 287 Lakehurst, NJ 08733-0287 Phone: 908-657-2255 Fax: 908-657-2323


C.31. HEAVY DUTY ANTI-SEIZE LUBRICANT (FEL-PRO CHEMICAL PRODUCTSL.P.) Fel-Pro Heavy Duty Anti-Seize Lubricant is a paste lubricant containing graphite andcalcium fluoride. It is recommended for use as an antiseize lubricant at temperatures up to2400°F, and is reported to be compatible with stainless steel and nickel alloys. Mating surfaces should be thoroughly cleaned before application of Fel-Pro Heavy DutyAnti-Seize Lubricant. This product should not be thinned in any way, but should beapplied to mating surfaces in a thin layer at full strength. The parts should then beassembled. The ingredients of Fel-Pro Heavy Duty Anti-Seize Lubricant, as listed in the MSDS, arereported in Table C-32.

Table C-32. Ingredients of Fel-Pro Chemical ProductsHeavy Duty Anti-Seize Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Calcium Fluoride 007789-75-5 20 2.5 mg/m3 as F 2.5 mg/m3 as F Graphite 007782-42-5 20 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable Heavy ParaffinicPetroleum Distillate

064742-65-0 20 5 mg/m3 5 mg/m3

Petroleum Distillate 064742-18-3 10 5 mg/m3 5 mg/m3

Hydrotreated HeavyParaffinic Distillate

064742-54-7 >3 N.E. N.E.

Calcium Sulfonate 071486-79-8 >3 N.E. N.E. Calcium Stearate 001592-23-0 >3 N.E. 10 mg/m3 as

stearate N.E. = Not Established


• Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P., “Heavy Duty Antiseize (C-102),”Material Safety Data Sheet, February 5, 1997

• Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P., “Heavy Duty Anti-Seize Lubricant,”Fel-Pro Technical Information.


Point of Contact

Pablo MonteroFel-Pro Chemical Products L.P.3412 W. Touhy Ave.Lincolnwood, IL 60645Phone: 800-457-9382Phone (POC): 847-568-2357Fax: 847-674-0019


C.32. HI-T 650 HIGH TEMPERATURE DRY FILM LUBRICANT (SANDSTROMPRODUCTS COMPANY)

HI-T 650 High Temperature Dry Film Lubricant is a lacquer-like liquid containing MoS2

and corrosion-inhibiting pigments in an inorganic carrier. It is designed to prevent gallingand provide long wear life at operating temperatures between 500°F and 750°F. HI-T650 will not degrade when exposed to intermittent temperatures up to 1000°F. This DFLreportedly exhibits antigalling characteristics and extremely low friction at loads in excessof 100,000 psi. The endurance life, determined in accordance with ASTM D2625, is200 minutes to 250 minutes under 1000 lbf load, and the load carrying capacity is 3000 lbf

to 3500 lbf for one minute. The shelf life is one year from date of shipment.

The surface preparation methods listed in Table C-33 are recommended for specificsubstrates.

Table C-33. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Sandstrom HI-T 650High Temperature Dry Film Lubricant to Various Substrates

Substrate Recommended Surface PreparationSteel 1. Degrease (trichloroethylene preferred)

2. Grit blast3. Zinc phosphate

Stainless Steel 1. Degrease (trichloroethylene preferred)2. Grit blast

Aluminum 1. Degrease (trichloroethylene preferred)2. Chemical etch

orGrit blast (note: HI-T 650 performs best on aluminum surfacesthat have not been anodized)

Copper Alloys 1. Degrease (trichloroethylene preferred)2. Grit blast

Titanium 1. Solvent wash (nonchlorinated)2. Grit blast (note: HI-T 650 performs best on titanium surfaces

that have not been anodized)

This product may be applied by spraying or dipping. As supplied, HI-T 650 will yield afilm thickness of about 0.0001 inch (0.1 mil) per dip coat. Toluene should be used for anydilution required prior to spray application, while xylene should be used to diluteHI-T 650 in preparation for dipping. Air-drying HI-T 650 for 72 hours will produce aminimum cure necessary for use. Complete curing beyond this point can be achievedduring use at the functional temperatures for which this material was designed (500°F to750°F). Baking one hour at 480°F produces maximum cure, however severalcombinations of time and temperature can be used depending upon the degree of cure


wanted. Higher temperatures and/or longer times will produce an increasingly bettercoating typified by better chemical resistance, a harder film, and longer wear life.

Fully cured HI-T 650 should be removed by immersion in methyl ethyl ketone (MEK).

HI-T 650 contains approximately 810 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of HI-T 650, as listed inthe MSDS, are reported in Table C-34.

Table C-34. Ingredients of Sandstrom Products CompanyHI-T 650 High Temperature Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Toluene 000108-88-3 50-55 200 ppm 50 ppmXylene 001330-20-7 15-20 100 ppm 100 ppmEthyl Benzene 000100-41-4 1-5 100 ppm 100 ppmAntimonyTrioxide

001309-64-4 8.95 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 10-15 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3

Antimony trioxide is considered a known carcinogen by the DFG, and is suspected to be acarcinogen by the ACGIH. Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern fortoluene.


• Sandstrom Products Company, “HI-T 650 Dry Film Lubricant,” SandstromProducts Company Technical Information Guide

• Sandstrom Products Company, “HI-T 650 High Temperature Dry FilmLubricant,” Material Safety Data Sheet, August 29, 1996.

Point of Contact Jeri Mead Sandstrom Products Company 224 South Main St. Port Byron, IL 61275 Phone: 309-523-2121 800-747-1084 Fax: 309-523-3912


C.33. K-LUBE FORMULA K-500 WATER-BASED LOW-VOC DRY FILMLUBRICANT (KAYNAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.) K-LUBE Formula K-500 is a low-VOC MoS2-based DFL that has an upper servicetemperature limit of 400°F for continuous exposure and 500°F for intermittent exposure.When K-LUBE Formula K-500 is cured for two hours at 300°F, its endurance life,determined in accordance with ASTM D2625, is more than 690 minutes under 1000 lbf

load, and the load carrying capacity is 4000 lbf for one minute. When K-LUBE FormulaK-500 is cured for one hour at 400°F, its endurance life, determined in accordance withASTM D2625, is more than 650 minutes under 1000 lbf load, and the load carryingcapacity is 4500 lbf for one minute. K-500 has a shelf life of one year from date ofmanufacture when stored at room temperature. All substrates to be coated with K-LUBE Formula K-500 must be free of dirt, lint, grease,and oil. Anodizing is recommended for aluminum, and a zinc phosphate conversioncoating is recommended for carbon and alloy steels. The lubricant should be mixed wellbefore application by brushing, dipping or spraying. A film thickness of 0.00035 inch to0.00045 inch (0.35 mil to 0.45 mil) is recommended for optimum performance. Flashdrying for 30 minutes at 150°F should be used to drive off entrapped water and preventbubbling of the film during the cure procedure. When K-LUBE Formula K-500 is appliedto aluminum substrates, cure for two hours at 300°F. Curing for one hour at 400°F ispreferred when the substrate can withstand that temperature. The VOC content of K-LUBE Formula K-500 has been measured at approximately110 g/l. The ingredients of K-LUBE Formula K-500, as listed in the MSDS, are reportedin Table C-35.

Table C-35. Ingredients of Kaynar Technologies K-LUBE Formula K-500Water-Based Low-VOC Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Antimony Trioxide 001309-64-4 N.R. 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb Butyl Carbitol(Diethylene GlycolMonobutyl Ether)

000112-34-5 N.R. N.E. N.E.

Modified EpoxyResin

N.E. N.R. N.E. N.E.

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3



The manufacturer recommends a TLV of 5 ppm be observed for the modified epoxy resin.The DFG recommends that a permissible exposure limit of 1000 mg/m3 be observed forbutyl carbitol. Antimony trioxide is considered a known carcinogen by the DFG, and issuspected to be a carcinogen by the ACGIH. Additional Supporting Literature

• Kaynar Technologies, Inc., “K-500 Water Base Low VOC Dry FilmLubricant Characteristics,” Kaynar Lubricant Data

• Kaynar Technologies, Inc., “K-LUBE Formula K-500 Dry Film Lubricant,”Material Safety Data Sheet, September 16, 1996.

Point of Contact Betty Gracia, Technical Engineering Support Kaynar Technologies, Inc. 800 S. State College Blvd. Fullerton, CA 92634 Phone: 714-449-4348 Fax: 714-680-0175


C.34. LUBECON® SERIES I/M LUBRICANT (LUBECON SYSTEMS, INC.) LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant is a heavy-duty dry film MoS2 lubricant designedspecifically for use in conveyor equipment maintenance. Upon application, LubeConSeries I/M Lubricant dissolves solidified grease and accumulated carbon. The operatingtemperature range is -65°F to 700°F. This lubricant is reported to be highly stable in use,and has a shelf life of two years to five years. LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant contains less than 100 g/l VOCs. The ingredients ofLubeCon Series I/M Lubricant, as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-36.

Table C-36. Ingredients of LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Mineral Oils 008042-47-5 72.0 N.E. N.E. 064742-48-9 13.5 N.E. N.E. Fatty Esters 000103-24-2 1.5 N.E. N.E. 061788-61-2 6.0 N.E. N.E. Complex Oxidation 000128-37-0 1.5 N.E. 10 mg/m3

Inhibitors (BHT) 009036-19-5 3.5 N.E. N.E. MolybdenumDisulfide, Colloidal

001317-33-5 2.0 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3

N.E. = Not Established NIOSH recommends a REL for complex oxidation inhibitors (CAS #000128-37-0, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, also known as butylated hydroxytoluene or BHT) of 10 mg/m3 beobserved. Additional Supporting Literature

• LubeCon Systems, Inc., “Series I/M Lubricant,” Technical Data Sheet• LubeCon Systems, Inc., “Series I/M Lubricant,” Material Safety Data

Sheet, August 12, 1996• Griffes, John, LubeCon Systems, Inc., Telephone Conversation,

May 1997. Point of Contact John Griffes LubeCon Systems, Inc. 201 N. Webster St. P.O. Box 824 White Cloud, MI 49349-0824 Phone: 616-689-0002 Fax: 616-689-0372


C.35. LUBE-LOK® 22-T SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION) Lube-Lok 22-T is a water-based, nonflammable, solid film lubricant that contains noVOCs. It is designed for hot forming of titanium, aluminum, and magnesium up to1800°F, and for cold forming. The shelf life is six months when it is stored at roomtemperature in an unopened container. Before application of Lube-Lok 22-T, surfaces should be cleaned by solvent degreasing oralkaline soaking. Surface preparation may include chemical etching to promote adhesion.Application may be by spraying or brushing; preheating the parts before DFL applicationdecreases drying time. The recommended film thickness is 0.0002 inch to 0.0005 inch(0.2 mil to 0.5 mil). Water may be used to clean up the uncured lubricant. Lube-Lok 22-T cures by air-drying for ½ hour. Lube-Lok 22-T contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of Lube-Lok 22-T, as listed in theMSDS, are reported in Table C-37.

Table C-37. Ingredients of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 22-T Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5

N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3




• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 22-T Solid Film Lubricant,” Technical DataSheet 2118

• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 22-T (10-640) Bonded Solid FilmLubricant,” Material Safety Data Sheet, September 3, 1996.



C.36. LUBE-LOK 22-TG SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION) Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant is a water-based, nonflammable, solid film lubricantdesigned for hot forming of titanium, aluminum, and magnesium up to 1650°F (in inertatmosphere). The operating temperature range in air is reported to be -300°F to +1200°F.The shelf life is six months stored at room temperature in an unopened container. All surfaces to be coated with Lube-Lok 22-TG should be clean and free of oil, grease,and particulate matter of any kind. The lubricant may be thinned with water prior toapplication by spraying, swabbing, or brushing. The recommended application thickness is0.0002 inch to 0.0005 inch (0.2 mil to 0.5 mil). Water may be used to clean up theuncured lubricant. After application, Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant will cure byair-drying at room temperature for ½ hour. Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of Lube-Lok22-TG Solid Film Lubricant, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-38.

Table C-38. Ingredients of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant

Chemical CAS # Percentage

(by Mass) OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Graphite 007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3 Respirable 2.0 mg/m3 Respirable N.R. = Percentage Not Reported


• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant,” TechnicalData Sheet 2118-G

• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant,” MaterialSafety Data Sheet, August 6, 1996.



C.37. LUBE-LOK 2306 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION) Lube-Lok 2306 is a sodium silicate-bonded MoS2 solid film lubricant designed for use inrolling elements, sleeve and ball bearings, threaded connections, and in high vacuumapplications. This lubricant is effective in the operating temperature range of -360°F to+750°F in air, and -360°F to +1200°F in an inert environment. Lube-Lok 2306 isreported to perform well in exposure to LOX, rocket fuel, jet fuel, and hydrocarbons. Thereported endurance life is 20 minutes under a load of 1000 lbf. This product has a shelflife of six months from date of manufacture stored in an unopened container at roomtemperature. Lube-Lok 2306 may be applied to glass, ceramics, and ferrous and nonferrous metals.Spray application on preheated parts to a film thickness of 0.0005 inch to 0.0015 inch (0.5mil to 1.5 mils) is recommended. A 30-minute air-dry is to be followed by curing for twohours at 180°F and then two hours at 400°F. Deionized water is used for dilution andclean-up after application. Lube-Lok 2306 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of Lube-Lok 2306, as listed in theMSDS, are reported in Table C-39.

Table C-39. Ingredients of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3


N.E. N.R. N.E. N.E.

N.R. = Percentage Not Reported N.E. = Not Established


• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant,” Technical DataSheet 2068

• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 2306 (10-648) Bonded Solid FilmLubricant,” Material Safety Data Sheet, September 3, 1996





C.38. LUBE-LOK 2396 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION) Lube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant is currently used by one of the participating aircraftengine manufacturers, and is being evaluated by the entire group. Detailed informationabout the characteristics and ingredients of Lube-Lok 2396 may be found in Appendix A.


C.39. LUBE-LOK 7400 CERAMIC SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION) Lube-Lok 7400 is a ceramic-based solid film lubricant designed to provide high-temperature lubrication and endurance life. It is intended for application by E/MCorporation, but may be licensed for application by the user. Its endurance life,determined in accordance with ASTM D2625, is 40 minutes under a 1000 lbf load.Lube-Lok 7400 is reported to have a service temperature range up to 1200°F in air, andup to 2000°F in an inert environment. The cured film is resistant to the following fluids(determined in accordance with ASTM D2510):

• Standard Test Fluid, TT-S-735, Type III• HD Lubricating Oil, MIL-L-2014, Grade 10• Synthetic Aircraft Turbine Lube Oil (MIL-L-23699)• JP-4 Jet Fuel (MIL-L-5624)• Hydraulic Fluid MIL-H-5606• Non-Petroleum Hydraulic Fluid MIL-H-8446• Aircraft Lube Oil MIL-L-6082• Aircraft Turbine Oil MIL-L-7808• Trichloroethylene O-T-634• 1,1,1-Trichloroethane• MEK• Toluene• VM&P Mineral Spirits• Ethyl Alcohol.

The cure cycle used for Lube-Lok 7400 is 20 minutes at 1025°F ± 25°F. Information about the ingredients of Lube-Lok 7400 were provided by the manufacturerfor the purposes of ESOH analysis, but are not available for publishing. The ESOHanalysis of Lube-Lok 7400 may be found in Appendix D.


• E/M Corporation, “Lube-Lok 7400 Ceramic Solid Film Lubricant,”Technical Data Sheet 450-X

• Paldino, William, E/M Corporation, Telephone Conversation, July 22,1997

• Beall, Charles, E/M Corporation, Correspondence, November 13, 1997.




C.40. LUBRIKO 730-A MOLY AEROSOL SPRAY DRY FILM LUBRICANT(MASTER LUBRICANTS COMPANY) LUBRIKO 730-A Moly Aerosol Spray Dry Film Lubricant is a combination of processedMoS2 and proprietary agents in a fast evaporating solvent. LUBRIKO 1001 Bulk Moly isa nonaerosol, bulk product with similar performance characteristics. Some recommendeduses for these two DFLs include lubricating bolts, bearings and power screws, and ashigh-temperature release coatings. A friction coefficient of 0.02 to 0.04 is reported forLUBRIKO 730-A. LUBRIKO 730-A contains approximately 840 g/l VOCs (LUBRIKO 1001 Bulk Molycontains approximately 780 g/l VOCs in its fully reduced form). The ingredients ofLUBRIKO 730-A, as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-40.

Table C-40. Ingredients of Master Lubricants CompanyLUBRIKO 730-A Moly Aerosol Spray Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Methylene Chloride 000075-09-2

6-10 25 ppm 50 ppm

Isopropyl Alcohol 000067-63-0

11-30 400 ppm 400 ppm

Xylene 001330-20-7

11-30 100 ppm 100 ppm

Propane/IsobutaneBlend

068476-86-8

12-20 1000 ppm (propane) N.E. (isobutane)

2500 ppm(propane,proposed) N.E.(isobutane)

n-Hexane 000110-54-3

6-10 500 ppm 50 ppm

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5


10 mg/m3

N.E. = Not Established Note that the NIOSH suggests a REL of 800 ppm for isobutane. Methylene chloride isconsidered a known carcinogen by the NTP and IARC, and is suspected to be acarcinogen by the ACGIH and the DFG. Additional Supporting Literature

• Master Lubricants Company, “LUBRIKO 730-A Moly Aerosol Spray DryFilm Lubricant,” Product Information


• Master Lubricants Company, “LUBRIKO 730-A Moly Aerosol Spray DryFilm Lubricant,” Material Safety Data Sheet, September 6, 1996

• Kunz, Ken, Master Lubricants Company, Telephone Conversation, April1997.

Point of Contact

Ken KunzMaster Lubricants CompanyP.O. Box 411Westville, NJ 08093-0411Phone: 609-848-2880Fax: 609-848-2799


C.41. MCLUBE 1708L DRY FILM LUBRICANT (MCGEE INDUSTRIESINCORPORATED)

McLube 1708L is a solvent dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and MoS2 with asoluble adhesion promoter. It is available as a bulk liquid or in aerosol cans. It is intendedas a general purpose dry lubricant for a wide range of industrial uses, including metalconnectors (to prevent seizing, scoring, galling, or welding), as controlled lubrication forall types of springs, and for run-in lubrication. The dry lubricant coating resulting afterevaporation of the solvent is reported to have excellent adhesion to substrates, a lowcoefficient of friction, high load carrying ability, and good durability. McLube 1708L isreported to be effective up to 650°F, although heating above 500°F may cause theformation of potentially harmful substances. The reported shelf life is approximately twoyears.

Conventional application methods can be employed, such as brushing, dipping, orspraying. The suggested film thickness is about 0.0001 inch (0.1 mil). McLube 1708Lcures by air-drying at room temperature.

McLube 1708L contains over 700 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of McLube 1708L, as listedin the MSDS, are reported in Table C-41.

Table C-41. Ingredients of McGee Industries McLube 1708L Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Heptane(HydrotreatedLight PetroleumNaphtha)

064742-49-0 45-50 500 ppm asn-heptane

400 ppm asn-heptane

Isopropyl Alcohol 000067-63-0 3-8 400 ppm 400 ppmEthyl Alcohol 000064-17-5 15-20 1000 ppm 1000 ppmn-Butyl Acetate 000123-86-4 20-25 150 ppm 150 ppmMolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 5-10 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3

Ethyl alcohol is considered to be a known carcinogen by IARC and OSHA.


• McGee Industries Incorporated, “McLube 1708L Dry Film Lubricant,”Fact Sheet

• McGee Industries Incorporated, “McLube 1708L Blend,” Material SafetyData Sheet, February, 1994


• Brady, Jim, McGee Industries Incorporated, Telephone Conversation,April 1997.

Point of Contact Daniel J. Fitzgerald, Senior Technical Representative McGee Industries Incorporated Nine Crozerville Road Aston, PA 19014-0425 Phone: 610-459-1890 Fax: 610-459-9538


C.42. MCLUBE MOS2-108L DRY FILM LUBRICANT (MCGEE INDUSTRIESINCORPORATED) McLube MoS2-108L is a solvent dispersion of MoS2 and a soluble adhesion promoter.The lubricant is available in aerosol cans or as a bulk liquid. It is reported to adhere tomost substrates and exhibit a low coefficient of friction, high load carrying ability, andgood durability. McLube MoS2-108L is effective up to approximately 750°F. It isintended for a wide range of industrial uses, such as threaded connections, sleeve bearings,and metal forming. The reported shelf life is two years. The bulk liquid form of McLube MoS2-108L can be applied by brushing, dipping, wiping,or spraying, to a film thickness of about 0.0001 inch (0.1 mil). McLube MoS2-108L driesat room temperature. McLube MoS2-108L in its bulk liquid form contains more than 670 g/l VOCs, and asprovided in aerosol cans contains approximately 760 g/l VOCs. McLube MoS2-108Lcontains a nonhazardous polymeric binder that is not listed in the MSDS. The ingredientsof the aerosol product listed in the MSDS are reported in Table C-42.

Table C-42. Ingredients of McGee IndustriesMcLube MoS2-108L Dry Film Lubricant (Aerosol Form)


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Heptane(Hydrotreated LightPetroleum Naphtha)

064742-49-0 40-45 500 ppm asn-heptane

400 ppm asn-heptane

n-Butyl Acetate 000123-86-4 15-20 150 ppm 150 ppm Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-5 10-15 1000 ppm 1000 ppm MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 <5 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 Respirable

10 mg/m3

Dimethyl Ether(Propellant)

000115-10-6 10-15 N.E. N.E.

Carbon Dioxide 000124-38-9 4-6 5000 ppm 5000 ppm N.E. = Not Established

The DFG recommends that a permissible exposure limit of 1000 ppm be observed fordimethyl ether. Ethyl alcohol is considered to be a known carcinogen by IARC andOSHA. Additional Supporting Literature

• McGee Industries Incorporated, “McLube MoS2-108L Dry FilmLubricant,” Fact Sheet


• McGee Industries Incorporated, “McLube MoS2-108L Blend,” MaterialSafety Data Sheet, December, 1996

• Brady, Jim, McGee Industries Incorporated, Telephone Conversations,April 1997 and July 17, 1997.



C.43. MCLUBE MOS2-900 WATER-BASED DRY FILM LUBRICANT (MCGEEINDUSTRIES INCORPORATED) McLube MoS2-900 is a water-based dispersion of MoS2 and adhesion promoters. ThisDFL is reported to adhere to most substrates and exhibit a low coefficient of friction, highload carrying ability, and good durability. The air-drying lubricant is available as a bulkliquid. The reported coefficient of friction of fully dried McLube MoS2-900 is 0.035.This product is intended for a wide range of industrial uses, such as threaded connections,sleeve bearings, and metal forming. The reported shelf life is one year. Surfaces to be coated with McLube MoS2-900 should be clean and dry. McLubeMoS2-900 should be thoroughly mixed just prior to and during application, and may bediluted with water if a less viscous dispersion is desired. The lubricant can be applied bybrushing, dipping, wiping, or spraying. McLube MoS2-900 dries at room temperature.One coat of McLube MoS2-900 applied by spraying is usually approximately 0.0001 inch(0.1 mil) thick; multiple coats may be applied to create the desired film thickness. Themanufacturer reports that a total film thickness of approximately 0.2 mil (two coats) issufficient for most uses. The cured film may be removed by high-pressure water washingor by scrubbing with a mild abrasive. McLube MoS2-900 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of McLube MoS2-900, as listedin the MSDS, are reported in Table C-43.

Table C-43. Ingredients of McGee IndustriesMcLube MoS2-900 Water-Based Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Silicic Acid,Sodium Salt

001344-09-8 1-4 N.E. N.E.

MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3

Water 007732-18-5 80-85 N.E. N.E. N.E. = Not Established

The manufacturer recommends a TLV of 5 mg/m3 for silicic acid, sodium salt in drypowder form. Additional Supporting Literature

• McGee Industries Incorporated, “McLube MoS2-900 Water Based DryFilm Lubricant,” Fact Sheet

• McGee Industries Incorporated, “McLube MoS2-900,” Material SafetyData Sheet, January 1995


• Finn, Mark, McGee Industries Incorporated, Telephone Conversation,July 7, 1997.



C.44. MOLY DRY FILM LUBRICANT (FEL-PRO CHEMICAL PRODUCTS L.P.) Fel-Pro Moly Dry Film Lubricant is a heavy duty lubricant for use in continuous slidingfriction at temperatures up to 750°F. It is also reported to be suitable for use as anantiseize lubricant at temperatures up to 2400°F. Moly Dry Film Lubricant isrecommended for gas turbine engine blades, valves, bearings, and in vacuum and radiationapplications. It consists of MoS2 and graphite in a thermosetting resin, and may beobtained in bulk liquid form or in aerosol cans. When the material is stored in the originalcontainer at room temperature, the shelf life is at least one year. Substrates to which Moly Dry Film Lubricant may be applied include anodized aluminumor magnesium, phosphated carbon steel, passivated stainless steel, and phosphatedtitanium. If thinning is required to achieve an appropriate viscosity for spray, dip, or brushapplication, toluene or xylene should be used. The recommended film thickness isapproximately 0.0007 inch (0.7 mil). Moly Dry Film Lubricant may be dried for one hour at room temperature. When dried atroom temperature, the lubricant film will withstand water and water solutions, but is notresistant to oils and organic solvents. For maximum fluid resistance, the lubricant shouldbe cured by one of the following cure schedules:

• 0.5 hour at 500°F or• 1 hour at 450°F or• 2 hours at 400°F.

Moly Dry Film Lubricant contains at least 650 g/l VOCs, as supplied. The ingredients ofMoly Dry Film Lubricant, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-44.


Table C-44. Ingredients of Fel-Pro Chemical Products Moly Dry Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Graphite 007782-42-5 20-40 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable Toluene 000108-88-3 5-10 200 ppm 50 ppm 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene(Pseudocumene)

000095-63-6 5-10 N.E. 25 ppm

Methyl EthylBenzene (Cumene)

000098-82-8 1-5 50 ppm 50 ppm

Light AromaticPetroleum Naphtha

064742-95-6 20-40 N.E. N.E.

Xylene 001330-20-7 1-5 100 ppm 100 ppm MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 >3 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Silicone Resin N.E. >3 N.E. N.E. N.E. = Not Established

Note that the NIOSH suggests a REL of 25 ppm for 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene. Themanufacturer recommends that exposure limits of 100 ppm for light aromatic petroleumnaphtha be observed. Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for toluene andcumene. Additional Supporting Literature

• Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P., “Moly Dry Film Lubricant,” MaterialSafety Data Sheet, December 16, 1996

• Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P., “Moly Dry Film Lubricant,” Fel-ProTechnical Information.

Point of Contact

Pablo MonteroFel-Pro Chemical Products L.P.3412 W. Touhy Ave.Lincolnwood, IL 60645Phone: 800-457-9382Phone (POC): 847-568-2357Fax: 847-674-0019


C.45. MOLYKOTE® 7409 BONDED LUBRICANT (DOW CORNING CORPORATION)

MOLYKOTE 7409 Bonded Lubricant is a dispersion of solid lubricants in an organicresin-solvent system. It is reported to have excellent corrosion prevention properties andan operating temperature range of -94°F to 716°F. The reported coefficient of friction ofthe cured lubricant is 0.03. MOLYKOTE 7409 Bonded Lubricant is suggested for use onbrake components, ball joints, threaded fasteners, and piston skirts. The shelf life of thisproduct is one year from date of shipment.

Substrates should be thoroughly cleaned and degreased. The pretreatments listed in TableC-45 are recommended for specific metals before lubricant application.

Table C-45. Recommended Surface Preparations for Applying Dow CorningMOLYKOTE 7409 Bonded Lubricant to Various Substrates


2. Sand blast3. Phosphate coat

Stainless Steel 1. Degrease2. Sand blast3. Oxalic acid

Chromium orNickel (Plated)

1. Degrease2. Sand blast

Cadmium or Zinc(Plated)

1. Degrease2. Phosphate coat

Aluminum Alloys 1. Degrease2. Anodize

Copper Alloys 1. Degrease2. Bright dip

MagnesiumAlloys

1. Degrease2. Dichromate

Titanium Alloys 1. Degrease2. Sand blast

MOLYKOTE 7409 Bonded Lubricant should be well mixed before it is applied. Thecoating may be applied by spraying, dipping, or brushing, but spraying usually producesthe most uniform and precisely controlled film thickness. Dipping is also acceptable forcylindrical parts or for irregularly shaped parts if a high degree of uniformity in filmthickness is not essential. To obtain the best adhesion and wear life, a film thickness of0.0003 inch to 0.0006 inch (0.3 mil to 0.6 mil) should be applied. Cure time is two hoursat 302°F or for one hour at 428°F.


MOLYKOTE 7409 Bonded Lubricant has a VOC content of approximately 910 g/l. Theingredients of MOLYKOTE 7409 Bonded Lubricant, as listed in the MSDS, are reportedin Table C-46.

Table C-46. Ingredients of Dow Corning MOLYKOTE 7409 Bonded Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

N-Methylpyrrolidone 000872-50-4

41 N.E. N.E.

Xylene 001330-20-7

24 100 ppm 100 ppm

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5

15 15 mg/m3,5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Vendor ProprietaryIngredient

N.E. 13 N.E. N.E.

Ethyl Benzene 000100-41-4

< 5 100 ppm 100 ppm


2 2.5 mg/m3

Respirable2.0 mg/m3

RespirableN.E. = Not Established

The DFG recommends that a permissible exposure limit of 100 ppm be observed forN-methylpyrrolidone. In addition, the vendor suggests that a TWA PEL of 100 ppm beassumed for the vendor proprietary ingredient.


• Dow Corning Corporation, Inc., “MOLYKOTE 7409 Bonded Lubricant,”Information About Specialty Chemicals

• Dow Corning Corporation, Inc., “MOLYKOTE 7409,” Material SafetyData Sheet, January 10, 1996.

Point of Contact Vicki Beyersdorf Dow Corning Corporation, Inc. South Saginaw Road Midland, MI 48686 Phone: 517-496-6000


C.46. MOLYKOTE P37 ULTRAPURE HIGH TEMPERATURE PASTE (DOWCORNING CORPORATION) MOLYKOTE P37 is a paste composed of solid lubricants that are stable at temperaturesup to approximately 2550°F. It is intended for use in threaded applications, especiallywith alloys containing chromium, nickel, or molybdenum. Its reported coefficient offriction is 0.10. MOLYKOTE P37 has a shelf life of five years from the manufacture date. Thread surfaces to which MOLYKOTE P37 will be applied should be clean and free ofgrease and oil. Apply a coating of MOLYKOTE P37, then assemble. MOLYKOTE P37 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of MOLYKOTE P37, as listedin the MSDS, are reported in Table C-47.

Table C-47. Ingredients of Dow CorningMOLYKOTE P37 Ultrapure High Temperature Paste


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Zirconium Oxide 001314-23-4 10 5 mg/m3 as Zr 5 mg/m3 as Zr Graphite 007782-42-5 24 2.5 mg/m3 Respirable 2.0 mg/m3

Respirable CalciumHydroxide

001305-62-0 15 15 mg/m3 total dust, 5 mg/m3 Respirable dust

5 mg/m3

Amorphous Silica 007631-86-9 1 15 mg/m3 total dust, 5 mg/m3 Respirable dust

5 mg/m3

Poly (Isobutylene) 009003-27-4 6 N.E. N.E. Mineral Oil 008042-47-5 43 N.E. N.E.

N.E. = Not Established Additional Supporting Literature

• Dow Corning Corporation, Inc., “Molykote P37 Ultrapure HighTemperature Paste,” Information About Specialty Chemicals

• Dow Corning Corporation, Inc., “Molykote P37 Antiseize Paste,” MaterialSafety Data Sheet, January 13, 1997.

Point of Contact Vicki Beyersdorf Dow Corning Corporation, Inc. South Saginaw Road Midland, MI 48686 Phone: 517-496-6000


C.47. NEVER-SEEZ NICKEL GRADE ANTISEIZE AND LUBRICATINGCOMPOUND (BOSTIK, INC.) Never-Seez Nickel Grade is an antiseize paste containing fine nickel, aluminum, andgraphite particles. The operating temperature range is –297°F to +2400°F. The reportedcoefficient of friction, as determined in accordance with ASTM D2266, is approximately0.09, and the coefficient of friction “k” factor is 0.158. The graphite and metal particlesare approximately 2 mils (0.002 inch) in diameter. The guaranteed shelf life of unopenedcontainers is five years. The ingredients of Never-Seez Nickel Grade, as listed in the product data and the MSDS,are reported in Table C-48.

Table C-48. Ingredients of Bostik Never-SeezNickel Grade Antiseize and Lubricating Compound


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Synthetic Graphite 007440-44-0

20-25 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable Nickel Powder 007440-02-

0 15-20 1 mg/m3 1.5 mg/m3

Aluminum Flake 007429-90-5

2.7 15 mg/m3

total dust, 5 mg/m3

Respirabledust

5 mg/m3

Silicon Dioxide(Quartz)

014808-60-7

N.R. 0.1 mg/m3 0.1 mg/m3

Nickel Carbide 012710-36-0

N.R. 1 mg/m3 as Ni 0.2 mg/m3 as Ni


(Table C-48 continued on next page)


Table C-48. Ingredients of Bostik Never-Seez Nickel GradeAntiseize and Lubricating Compound (Continued)


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Trace elements (maximum) (CAS #’s below are those of the elements, regardless of the compounds in whichthese elements may be incorporated in Never-Seez Nickel Grade)

Arsenic 007440-38-2

<50 ppm 0.010 mg/m3 0.01 mg/m3

Antimony 007440-36-0

<50 ppm 0.5 mg/m3 0.5 mg/m3

Bismuth 007440-69-9

<50 ppm N.E. N.E.

Cadmium 007440-43-9

<50 ppm 0.005 mg/m3 0.002 mg/m3

Respirable Gallium 007440-55-

3 <50 ppm N.E. N.E.

Indium 007440-74-6

<50 ppm N.E. 0.1 mg/m3

Lead 007439-92-1

<10 ppm 0.050 mg/m3 0.05 mg/m3

Mercury 007439-97-6

<1 ppm 0.1 mg/m3 0.025 mg/m3

Silver 007440-22-4

<50 ppm 0.01 mg/m3 0.01 mg/m3

Tin 007440-31-5

<50 ppm 2 mg/m3 2 mg/m3

Zinc 007440-66-6

<50 ppm N.E. N.E.

Total Chlorine 007782-50-5

<200 ppm 1 ppm 0.5 ppm

Total Nitrate N.E.a <200 ppm N.E. N.E. Total Sulfur 063705-05-

5 <200 ppm N.E. N.E.

Total Phosphorous 007723-14-0

<200 ppm 0.1 mg/m3 0.1 mg/m3

N.E. = Not Established N.R. = Percentage Not Reported a = There is no CAS number for “nitrate” but CAS numbers exist for numerous compounds

containing nitrate. Silicon dioxide (quartz) is reported to be a confirmed carcinogen by IARC and NTP.Nickel is reported to be a confirmed carcinogen by IARC, NTP, ACGIH, and DFG.



• Bostik, Inc., “Never Seez Nickel Grade,” Material Safety Data Sheet,November 15, 1995

• Bostik, Inc., “Pure Nickel Special and Nuclear Grade,” Never-Seez Anti-Seize & Lubricating Compound Product Data.


Point of Contact Kristin Manfra Bostik, Inc. 211 Boston St. Middleton, MA 01949-2128 Phone: 508-777-0100 508-750-7264 Fax: 508-750-7212 508-750-7306


C.48. NEVER-SEEZ REGULAR GRADE ANTISEIZE AND LUBRICATINGCOMPOUND (BOSTIK, INC.) Never-Seez Regular Grade is an antiseize paste containing fine metal and graphiteparticles. The operating temperature range is -297°F to +1800°F. The reportedcoefficient of friction, as determined in accordance with ASTM D2266, is approximately0.06, and the coefficient of friction “k” factor is 0.13. The graphite and metal particles arelimited to 2 mils (0.002 inch) maximum diameter. The guaranteed shelf life of unopenedcontainers is five years. The ingredients of Never-Seez Regular Grade, as listed in the product data and theMSDS, are reported in Table C-49.

Table C-49. Ingredients of Bostik Never-Seez RegularGrade Antiseize and Lubricating Compound


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

SyntheticGraphite

007440-44-0

21.6 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable CopperPowder

007440-50-8

9.9 1 mg/m3, dusts, andmists; 0.1 mg/m3 fume

1 mg/m3, inhalableparticulate, dusts,and mists; 0.05 mg/m3 fumeand Respirableparticulate(proposed)

Zinc Oxide 001314-13-2

3.0 15 mg/m3 totaldust, 5 mg/m3 Respirabledust, 5 mg/m3, fume

10 mg/m3, dust 5 mg/m3, fume

AluminumFlake

007429-90-5

2.7 15 mg/m3 totaldust, 5 mg/m3 Respirabledust

5 mg/m3

Silicon Dioxide(Quartz)

014808-60-7

N.R. 0.1 mg/m3 0.1 mg/m3


(Table C-49 continued on next page)


Table C-49. Ingredients of Bostik Never-Seez RegularGrade Antiseize and Lubricating Compound (Continued)


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Trace elements (average) (CAS #’s below are those of the elements, regardless of the compounds in which theseelements may be incorporated in Never-Seez Regular Grade) Arsenic 007440-38-

2 25 ppm 0.010 mg/m3 0.01 mg/m3

Cadmium 007440-43-9

20 ppm 0.005 mg/m3 0.002 mg/m3

Respirable Magnesium 007439-95-

4 25 ppm N.E. N.E.

Mercury 007439-97-6

0.5 ppm 0.1 mg/m3 0.025 mg/m3 inorganic form

Lead 007439-92-1

10 ppm 0.050 mg/m3 0.05 mg/m3

Nickel 007440-02-0

75 ppm 1 mg/m3 0.1 mg/m3 insoluble compounds

Phosphorous 007723-14-0

150 ppm 0.1 mg/m3 0.1 mg/m3

Silver 007440-22-4

1 ppm 0.01 mg/m3 0.01 mg/m3 insoluble compounds

Sulfur 063705-05-5

750 ppm N.E. N.E.


Silicon dioxide (quartz) is reported to be a confirmed carcinogen by IARC and NTP. Additional Supporting Literature

• Bostik, Inc., “NEV-SZ REG NS160,” Material Safety Data Sheet,May 30, 1997

• Bostik, Inc., “Regular Grade Anti-Seize and Lubricating Compound,”Never-Seez Anti-Seize & Lubricating Compound Product Data.

Point of Contact Kristin Manfra Bostik, Inc. 211 Boston St. Middleton, MA 01949-2128


Phone: 508-777-0100 508-750-7264 Fax: 508-750-7212 508-750-7306


C.49. NPI-14 BONDED SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (NATIONAL PROCESSINDUSTRIES, INC.) NPI-14 is a DFL containing MoS2 and graphite as the lubricating pigments and a phenolicresin as the binder system. The suggested temperature limitation for long term use is300°F. The shelf life of NPI-14 is one year under refrigeration. Prior to application of NPI-14, the surface should be completely clean. It is suggestedthat the surface hardness of the substrate should be at least 36 on the Rockwell “C” scale(Rc 36). Grit blasting to a surface finish of 16 µin to 32 µin rms is recommended. NPI-14may be applied by spraying to a film thickness of 0.0002 inch to 0.0005 inch (0.2 mil to0.5 mil). Cure for one hour at 300°F. The manufacturer recommends that NPI-14 or anyother solid film lubricant be applied to both mating surfaces. NPI-14 contains approximately 790 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of NPI-14, as listed in theMSDS and product data, are reported in Table C-50.

Table C-50. Ingredients of National Process IndustriesNPI-14 Bonded Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3


Respirable Methyl Alcohol 000067-65-1 N.R. 200 ppm 200 ppm Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-5 N.R. 1000 ppm 1000 ppm Phenol 000108-95-2 N.R. 5 ppm 5 ppm Ethyl Acetate 000141-78-6 N.R. 400 ppm 400 ppm Methyl IsobutylKetone

000108-10-1 N.R. 100 ppm 50 ppm

N.R. = Percentage Not Reported Ethyl alcohol is considered to be a known carcinogen by IARC and OSHA. Dermalpenetration is a particular route of concern for phenol and methyl alcohol.


• National Process Industries, Inc., “Dry Film Lubricants,” ProductInformation

• National Process Industries, Inc., “NPI-14,” Material Safety Data Sheet,May 5, 1987


• Haley, Mark, National Process Industries, Inc., Telephone Conversation,April 1997.

Point of Contact Mark Haley, President National Process Industries, Inc. 42250 Baldaray Circle Temecula, CA 92590 Phone: 909-676-0343 Fax: 909-676-1549


C.50. NPI-16 BONDED SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (NATIONAL PROCESSINDUSTRIES, INC.) NPI-16 is essentially identical to NPI-14 except the graphite has been replaced withantimony trioxide. This modification was prompted by the potential of graphite to causegalvanic corrosion of aluminum. NPI-16 is one of the three lubricants approved for use onthe B-1B aircraft. The suggested temperature limitation for long term use is 300°F. Theshelf life of NPI-16 is one year under refrigeration. Prior to application of NPI-16, the surface should be completely clean. It is suggestedthat the surface hardness of the substrate should be at least Rc 36. Grit blasting to asurface finish of 16 µin to 32 µin rms is recommended. NPI-16 may be applied byspraying to a film thickness of 0.0002 inch to 0.0005 inch (0.2 mil to 0.5 mil). Cure forone hour at 300°F. The manufacturer recommends that NPI-16 or any other solid filmlubricant be applied to both mating surfaces. NPI-16 contains approximately 790 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of NPI-16, as listed in theMSDS and product data, are reported in Table C-51.



OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5

N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

AntimonyTrioxide

001309-64-4

N.R. 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb

Methyl Alcohol 000067-65-1


Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-5

N.R. 1000 ppm 1000 ppm

Phenol 000108-95-2

N.R. 5 ppm 5 ppm

Ethyl Acetate 000141-78-6



000108-10-1

N.R. 100 ppm 50 ppm

N.R. = Percentage Not Reported Ethyl alcohol is considered to be a known carcinogen by IARC and OSHA. Antimonytrioxide is considered a known carcinogen by the DFG, and is suspected to be a


carcinogen by the ACGIH. Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for methylalcohol and phenol.








C.51. NPI-425 BONDED SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (NATIONAL PROCESSINDUSTRIES, INC.) NPI-425 DFL contains MoS2, antimony trioxide and a polyimide high-temperature resin.This product was developed by Midwest Research Institute (MRI) in connection with acontract with the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. National Process Industries (NPI)has been licensed by MRI to formulate, apply, and market this lubricant. It was developedfor use at temperatures up to 500°F and in hard vacuum environments. The shelf life ofNPI-425 is one year under refrigeration. Prior to application of NPI-425, the surface should be completely clean. It is suggestedthat the surface hardness of the substrate should be at least Rc 36. Grit blasting to asurface finish of 16 µin to 32 µin rms is recommended. NPI-425 may be applied byspraying to a film thickness of 0.0002 inch to 0.0004 inch (0.2 mil to 0.4 mil). Thislubricant is cured for one hour at 300°F followed by one hour at 575°F. Themanufacturer reports, however, that acceptable performance can be obtained by increasingthe 300°F cure time to five hours and eliminating the 575°F curing step. NPI-425 contains approximately 850 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of NPI-425, as listed inthe MSDS and technical data, are reported in Table C-52.



OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Antimony Trioxide 001309-64-4 N.R. 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb Xylene 001330-20-7 N.R. 100 ppm 100 ppm Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-5 N.R. 1000 ppm 1000 ppm p-Dioxane 000123-91-1 N.R. 100 ppm 25 ppm

N.R. = Percentage Not Reported Ethyl alcohol is considered to be a known carcinogen by IARC and OSHA. Antimonytrioxide is considered a known carcinogen by the DFG, and is suspected to be acarcinogen by the ACGIH. Dioxane is considered to be a known carcinogen by IARC,NTP, and DFG. Dermal penetration is a particular route of concern for p-dioxane.








C.52. PERMA-SLIK® C AIR-DRY BONDED SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/MCORPORATION) Perma-Slik C is an air-dry bonded solid film lubricant containing a blend of MoS2 andgraphite dispersed in a resin system with a solvent carrier. An aerosol version of thislubricant is also available. Perma-Slik C is recommended for applications to most types ofmachine parts such as valves, nuts, screws, bearings, and gears. This product may be usedbetween -300°F and +500°F. The endurance life, determined in accordance with ASTMD2625, is 90 minutes under 1000 lbf load. The load carrying capacity, determined inaccordance with ASTM D2625, is 1750 lbf for one minute. The shelf life of Perma-Slik Cis one year. Spray application of Perma-Slik C is recommended. The bulk liquid form of Perma-Slik C contains approximately 770 g/l VOCs. Detailedinformation on the aerosol form of Perma-Slik C is not currently available. Theingredients of the bulk liquid form of Perma-Slik C, as listed in the MSDS, are reported inTable C-53.

Table C-53. Ingredients of E/M CorporationPerma-Slik C Air-Dry Bonded Solid Film Lubricant (Bulk Liquid Form)


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Acetone 000067-64-1 65-75 1000 ppm 500 ppm Xylene 001330-20-7 15-25 100 ppm 100 ppm MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3


Respirable N.R. = Percentage Not Reported


• E/M Corporation, “Perma-Slik C Air Bonded Solid Film Lubricant,”Technical Data Sheet 2160

• E/M Corporation, “Perma-Slik C (10-166) Bonded Solid Film Lubricant,”Material Safety Data Sheet, September 3, 1996





C.53. PERMA-SLIK RGAC SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION) Perma-Slik RGAC is a solvent-based air-dry solid film lubricant dispersion of graphitewith an inorganic resin binder. The lubricant is reported to remain stable and lubricateeffectively in extreme environments such as radiation and high temperatures. Perma-Slik RGAC is recommended for use in both hot and cold metal forming and on threadedconnections and cutting tools. The operating temperature range is -325°F to +1200°F inair. The load carrying capacity of Perma-Slik RGAC is reported to be up to 1000 lbf forone minute. The shelf life is one year in the unopened container at room temperature. When tested in accordance with ASTM D2510, fully cured Perma-Slik RGAC is resistantto the following fluids:

• Skydrol 500A• Water• JP-4 Jet Fuel• 1,1,1-Trichloroethane• DC-550• MIL-L-2104• MIL-H-8446• MIL-A-8243.

Perma-Slik RGAC may be applied by spraying, dipping, or brushing. The lubricant willbecome dry to the touch within seconds of application at room temperature, and will curecompletely within 24 hours. A cured film thickness of 0.0002 inch to 0.0005 inch (0.2 milto 0.5 mil) is recommended. Perma-Slik RGAC contains approximately 700 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of Perma-Slik RGAC, as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-54.

Table C-54. Ingredients of E/M CorporationPerma-Slik RGAC Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Graphite 007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable Ethyl Acetate 000141-78-6 45-55 400 ppm 400 ppm n-Butyl Acetate 000123-86-4 10-20 150 ppm 150 ppm




• E/M Corporation, “Perma-Slik RGAC Solid Film Lubricant,” TechnicalData Sheet 451-X

• E/M Corporation, “Perma-Slik RGAC (10-147) Bonded Solid FilmLubricant,” Material Safety Data Sheet, July 22, 1996.



C.54. PERMA-SLIK RMAC SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION) Perma-Slik RMAC is a solvent-based air-dry solid film lubricant dispersion of MoS2 withan inorganic resin binder. The lubricant is reported to remain stable and lubricateeffectively in extreme environments such as radiation and high temperatures. Perma-Slik RMAC is recommended for use in both hot and cold metal forming and on threadedconnections and cutting tools. The operating temperature range is -325°F to +800°F.The reported endurance life of this product is 167 minutes. The load carrying capacity ofPerma-Slik RMAC is reported to be up to 2500 lbf for one minute. The shelf life is oneyear in the unopened container at room temperature. Fully cured Perma-Slik RMAC is resistant to the following fluids:

• Skydrol 500A• Water• JP-4 Jet Fuel• 1,1,1-Trichloroethane• DC-550• MIL-L-2104• MIL-H-8446• MIL-L-7808• MIL-A-8243.

Perma-Slik RMAC may be applied by spraying, dipping, or brushing. The lubricant willbecome dry to the touch within seconds of application at room temperature, and will curecompletely within 24 hours. A cured film thickness of 0.0002 inch to 0.0005 inch (0.2 milto 0.5 mil) is recommended. Perma-Slik RMAC contains approximately 800 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of Perma-SlikRMAC, as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-55.

Table C-55. Ingredients of E/M CorporationPerma-Slik RMAC Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Inorganic AntimonyCompound

001309-64-4 <10 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb 0.5 mg/m3 as Sb

n-Butyl Acetate 000123-86-4 10-20 150 ppm 150 ppm Ethyl Acetate 000141-78-6 45-55 400 ppm 400 ppm



Antimony is considered a known carcinogen by the DFG, and is suspected to be acarcinogen by the ACGIH. Additional Supporting Literature

• E/M Corporation, “Perma-Slik RMAC Air Dry Solid Film Lubricant,”Technical Data Sheet 483-X

• E/M Corporation, “Perma-Slik RMAC (10-146) Bonded Solid FilmLubricant,” Material Safety Data Sheet, February 15, 1994.



C.55. PERMA-SLIK S AIR-DRY SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (E/M CORPORATION) Perma-Slik S is an air-dry solid film lubricant dispersion of MoS2 in a fast drying solventsystem with a minimum amount of binder. It is available as a bulk liquid or in aerosolcans. The applied film of this coating is reported to offer good adhesion and exceptionalwear life. It prevents galling and seizing of mating metal surfaces under operatingconditions of high loads and slow speeds. Perma-Slik S is recommended for use attemperatures up to 500°F, in assembly and press fitting and on threaded connections andgears. The load carrying capacity of fully cured Perma-Slik S is 2000 lbf. The minimumshelf life is one year. Substrates should be clean and dry. Oil or grease films should be removed by solventcleaning or vapor degreasing. If surfaces are heavily corroded remove corrosion productsby mechanical or chemical means. Spray application of Perma-Slik S is recommended. The bulk liquid form of Perma-Slik S contains approximately 780 g/l VOCs. Detailedinformation on the aerosol form of Perma-Slik S is not currently available. Theingredients of the bulk liquid form of Perma-Slik S, as listed in the MSDS, are reported inTable C-56.

Table C-56. Ingredients of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik S Air-Dry Solid FilmLubricant (Bulk Liquid Form)


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Xylene 001330-20-7 10-20 100 ppm 100 ppm Acetone 000067-64-1 60-70 1000 ppm 500 ppm MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3



• E/M Corporation, “Perma-Slik S Air Dry Solid Film Lubricant,” TechnicalData Sheet 2198

• E/M Corporation, “Perma-Slik S (10-118) Bonded Solid Film Lubricant,”Material Safety Data Sheet, July 26, 1996





C.56. PERMATEX® DRY MOLY LUBRICANT (PERMATEX INDUSTRIAL DIVISIONOF LOCTITE CORPORATION) Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant is an aerosol MoS2-based DFL. The product is reported toresist high pressures and intermittent temperatures up to 840°F. The load carryingcapacity, determined in accordance with ASTM D2625, is 3200 lbf for one minute. Thereported coefficient of static friction is 0.23. Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant has a shelf lifeof one year. Phosphate steel panels coated with three light sprays of Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant(total film thickness of 0.0003 inch to 0.0005 inch) showed no more than three rust spotsper panel, with no rust spot larger than one millimeter in any dimension, after the panelswere exposed to 5% salt spray in accordance with ASTM B117 for 100 hours. Fullycured Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant is resistant (when tested in accordance with ASTMD2510) to the following fluids:

• Silicone damping fluid (VV-D-1078)• Ethyl acetate/mineral spirits based cleaning solvent (ASTM D1193)• Petroleum based general purpose lubricating oil (MIL-C-372)• Synthetic hydrocarbon based hydraulic fluid (VV-L-800)• Kerosene based aviation turbine fuel (MIL-H-45170)• Synthetic based aircraft lubricating oil (MIL-L-6082, Grade 1100).

Substrates must be clean and free of grease, oil, and other contaminants before PermatexDry Moly Lubricant is applied. Sandblasting, phosphating, or chemical etching willgenerally increase the adhesion. Two to three light spray coats will generally produce adry film thickness of 0.0002 inch to 0.0005 inch (0.2 mil to 0.5 mil). Each coat willair-dry in 5 minutes to 10 minutes. Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant contains 690 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of Permatex DryMoly Lubricant, as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-57.

Table C-57. Ingredients of Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Acetone 000067-64-1 30-35 1000 ppm 500 ppm Isopropyl Alcohol 000067-63-0 25-30 400 ppm 400 ppm n-Butane 000106-97-8 20-25 N.E. 800 ppm Propane 000074-98-6 5-10 1000 ppm 2500 ppm

proposed n-Heptane 000142-82-5 1-5 500 ppm 400 ppm MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3

Xylene 001330-20-7 1-3 100 ppm 100 ppm N.E. = Not Established


NIOSH recommends a REL for butane of 800 ppm. Additional Supporting Literature

• Permatex Corporation, “Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant 24378,” ProductDescription Sheet

• Permatex Corporation, “Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant 24378,” MaterialSafety Data Sheet, January 22, 1996

• Alberino, John, Permatex Corporation Division of Loctite Corporation,Telephone Conversation, May 1997.

Point of Contact John Alberino Permatex Corporation Division of Loctite Corporation 1001 Trout Brook Crossing Rocky Hill, CT 06067 Phone: 860-571-5100 Fax: 860-571-5465


C.57. SRA #1 (SURFACES RESEARCH) This antiseize coating is in development at this time, and may be available for userapplication after it is fully developed. The manufacturer reports that this coating is benignto engine component materials and does not contain any lead, cadmium, mercury, orVOCs. The materials in the lubricant are stable up to a temperature of 1800°F, and thelubricant has demonstrated acceptable functional properties at temperatures up to 1500°F.No detailed information on the lubricant ingredients is currently available. As part of the development testing, the coating was applied to MS9697-10 bolts(0.250-28 UNJF x 0.750) and PWA ST1180 series 12-point self-locking nuts (0.250-28UNJF-3B, silver plating removed prior to coating application). After exposure of coatednut/bolt assemblies to 1200°F for 100 hours, the breakloose torque was 133.4 inch-pounds (in-lb) and the assembly torque was 102.2 in-lb, giving a ratio of breakloosetorque to assembly torque of 1.3. Additional Supporting Literature

• Suttor, Paul, Surfaces Research, Telephone Conversation, May 2, 1997• DeMott, Dale, Surfaces Research, Telephone Conversation, July 22, 1997.

Point of Contact Dale DeMott Surfaces Research 8330 Melrose Dr. Lenexa, KS 66214-1630 Phone: 913-541-1221 Fax: 913-541-0748


C.58. SRA #2 (SURFACES RESEARCH) This antiseize coating is in development at this time, and may be available for userapplication after it is fully developed. The manufacturer reports that this coating is benignto engine component materials and does not contain any lead, cadmium, mercury, orVOCs. The materials in the lubricant are stable up to a temperature of 1800°F, and thelubricant has demonstrated acceptable functional properties at temperatures up to 1500°F.No detailed information on the lubricant ingredients is currently available. During the development testing, the coating was applied to MS9697-10 bolts (0.250-28UNJF x 0.750) and PWA ST1180 series 12-point self-locking nuts (0.250-28 UNJF-3B,silver plating removed prior to coating application). After exposure of coated nut/boltassemblies to 1200°F for 100 hours, the breakloose torque was 146.5 in-lb and theassembly torque was 97.2 in-lb, giving a ratio of breakloose torque to assembly torqueof 1.5. Additional Supporting Literature




C.59. SRA #3 (SURFACES RESEARCH) This antiseize coating is in development at this time, and may be available for userapplication after it is fully developed. The manufacturer reports that this coating is benignto engine component materials and does not contain any lead, cadmium, mercury, orVOCs. The materials in the lubricant are stable up to a temperature of 1800°F, and thelubricant has demonstrated acceptable functional properties at temperatures up to 1500°F.No detailed information on the lubricant ingredients is currently available. During development testing, the coating was applied to MS9697-10 bolts (0.250-28 UNJFx 0.750) and PWA ST1180 series 12-point self-locking nuts (0.250-28 UNJF-3B, silverplating removed prior to coating application). After exposure of coated nut/boltassemblies to 1200°F for 100 hours, the breakloose torque was 106.6 in-lb and theassembly torque was 94.5 in-lb, giving a ratio of breakloose torque to assembly torqueof 1.13. Additional Supporting Literature




C.60. SURF-KOTE® LOB-1800-G CLASS A HIGH TEMPERATURE DRY FILMLUBRICANT (HOHMAN PLATING & MFG., INC.) Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A High Temperature Dry Film Lubricant is currently usedby one of the participating aircraft engine manufacturers, and is being evaluated by theentire group. Detailed information about the characteristics and ingredients of Surf-KoteLOB-1800-G may be found in Appendix A.


C.61. T8E PASTE (TIODIZE CO., INC.) T8E Paste is an inorganic antigallant paste designed for use on threaded fasteners attemperatures up to 1400°F. It is intended to replace silver on threaded fasteners in jetengine applications. It is suitable for use on stainless steel, Inconel, Waspaloy, and othermetals. The shelf life of T8E Paste is one year in the unopened package. It is recommended that surfaces to which T8E Paste will be applied should be degreased,grit blasted, and then soaked in a hot alkaline solution. Before application, stir T8E Pasteto a uniform consistency, thinning with water if necessary. Apply the paste with a cottonswab or a fine bristle brush to thread areas, and to the bolt head (if the bolt will rotatewhile being torqued) or the nut base (if the nut base will rotate while being torqued). Letthe paste dry approximately ten minutes before assembly, but no longer than one hour at70°F. Overdrying will cause T8E Paste to compact in the threads, increasing run-ontorque. If the nut is going to be removed, apply T8E Paste to the exposed bolt threadsafter the assembly has been exposed to elevated temperatures. T8E Paste contains approximately 330 g/l VOCs. The ingredients of T8E Paste, as listedin the MSDS, are reported in Table C-58.

Table C-58. Ingredients of Tiodize Co. T8E Paste


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Molybdenum Compound N.R. N.R. 5 mg/m3 5 mg/m3

Barium Compound N.R. N.R. 0.5 mg/m3,soluble Bacompounds

0.5 mg/m3

Tellurium Compound N.R. N.R. 0.1 mg/m3 0.1 mg/m3

Boron Compound N.R. N.R. N.E. N.E. Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-

5 N.R. 1000 ppm 1000 ppm

N.E. = Not Established N.R. = CAS # or Percentage Not Reported

Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is considered to be a known carcinogen by IARC and OSHA. Additional Supporting Literature

• Tiodize Co., Inc., “Tiodize T8E Paste,” Material Safety Data Sheet,March 3, 1997

• Tiodize Co., Inc., “Tiodize T8E Paste,” Tiodize Technical Data• Wittman, Gary, Tiodize Co., Inc., Telephone Conversation, July 9, 1997.




C.62. TIOLUBE 29 (TIODIZE CO., INC.) Tiolube 29 is a solid film lubricant intended for use in extreme environments and hightemperatures. It is a mixture of graphite and MoS2 in a sodium silicate water-based carrierthat may be applied by spraying, dipping, or brushing. It is recommended for use onfasteners, sleeve bearings, rocket engine hot gas valves, jet engine shafts, and bushingsmade of all metals. Tiolube 29 is reported to be useful under exposure to hard vacuum,radiation, LOX, liquid hydrogen, and intermittent exposure to temperatures up to 2000°F.The temperature range for extended operation is -400°F to 850°F. The endurance life ofthe cured film is one hour at a load of 1000 lbf. Tiolube 29 is resistant to most organicsolvents, degreasers, oils, and Skydrol, and has a shelf life of at least six months. It is recommended that surfaces to which Tiolube 29 will be applied should be degreased,grit blasted, and then soaked in a hot alkaline solution. The recommended cure scheduleis 1.5 hours at 150°F followed by 1.5 hours at 400°F. The cured film thickness ofTiolube 29 is approximately 0.0003 inch to 0.0005 inch (0.3 mil to 0.5 mil). The curedfilm may be removed by mechanical means, such as by blasting with glass beads. Tiolube 29 contains zero VOCs. The ingredients of Tiolube 29, as reported in the MSDS,are reported in Table C-59.

Table C-59. Ingredients of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 29


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Graphite 007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3


• Tiodize Co., Inc., “TIOLUBE 29,” Material Safety Data Sheet, February24, 1995

• Tiodize Co., Inc., “TIOLUBE 29,” Tiodize Technical Data• Wittman, Gary, Tiodize Co., Inc., Telephone Conversation, July 9, 1997.



C.63. TIOLUBE 614-T7E (TIODIZE CO., INC.) Tiolube 614-T7E is an inorganic DFL intended to prevent galling and seizing of threadedfasteners, especially in jet engine applications where temperatures can range up to 1600°F.It is meant to replace silver on Inconel and Waspaloy fasteners. The reported coefficientof friction of cured Tiolube 614-T7E is 0.09 to 0.16. Tiolube 614-T7E is intended for application by Tiodize Co., Inc., and is not suitable forapplication by the user. Surfaces to which Tiolube 614-T7E will be applied should bedegreased, grit blasted, and then soaked in a hot alkaline solution. It is applied in a filmthat is between 0.0003 inch and 0.0007 inch (0.3 mil to 0.7 mil) thick, and is cured at950°F. It may be cured at 650°F, but this will result in a film that is less resistant tomoisture. The cured film may be removed by grit or glass bead blasting. No detailed information about the ingredients of Tiolube 614-T7E is currently available. Additional Supporting Literature

• Tiodize Co., Inc., “Tiolube 614-T7E,” Tiodize Technical Data• Wittman, Gary, Tiodize Co., Inc., Telephone Conversation, July 9, 1997.



C.64. TIOLUBE 614-T9B (TIODIZE CO., INC.) Tiolube 614-T9B is an inorganic DFL intended to prevent galling and seizing of threadedfasteners, especially in jet engine applications where temperatures can range up to 1600°F.It is meant to replace silver on Inconel and Waspaloy fasteners. It is nearly identical toTiolube 614-T7E, except that boron nitride has been added to the proprietary mixture oflubricants, resulting in increased wear resistance and a higher coefficient of friction. Thereported coefficient of friction of cured Tiolube 614-T9B is 0.16 to 0.20. Surfaces to which Tiolube 614-T9B will be applied should be degreased, grit blasted, andthen soaked in a hot alkaline solution. Tiolube 614-T9B is intended to be applied byTiodize Co., Inc., although licensing of the application process may be possible. It isapplied in a film that is between 0.0003 inch and 0.0007 inch (0.3 mil to 0.7 mil) thick, andis cured at 950°F. It may be cured at 650°F, but this will result in a film that is lessresistant to moisture. The cured film may be removed by grit or glass bead blasting. Information about the ingredients of Tiolube 614-T9B were provided by the manufacturerfor the purposes of ESOH analysis, but are not available for publishing. The ESOHanalysis of Tiolube 614-T9B may be found in Appendix D. Additional Supporting Literature

• Wittman, Gary, Tiodize Co., Inc., Telephone Conversation, July 9, 1997• Wittman, Gary, Tiodize Co., Inc., Correspondence, September 29, 1997.



C.65. TIOLUBE K14-T9B (TIODIZE CO., INC.) Tiolube K14-T9B is an inorganic DFL currently under development by Tiodize Co., Inc.It is intended to have performance characteristics similar to Tiolube 614-T7E, but it willbe supplied as a bulk liquid that may be applied by spraying. No further details on thisproduct are currently available. Additional Supporting Literature

• Wittman, Gary, Tiodize Co., Inc., Telephone Conversations, July 9, 1997and July 22, 1997.

Point of Contact Gary Wittman Tiodize Co., Inc. 5858 Engineer Drive Huntington Beach, CA 92649 Phone: 714-898-4377 Fax: 714-891-7467


C.66. ULTRALUBE (Diversified Drilube, Inc.) ULTRALUBE DFL is a molecular-bonded film of tungsten disulfide. It has been used onbearings, cams, and bushings. The lubricant is capable of withstanding pressures up to350,000 psi. The reported operating temperature range is -350°F to +1000°F in air, and itis reported to lubricate at 2400°F in a vacuum of 10-14 Torr. ULTRALUBE will notinhibit the corrosion of the underlying substrate. ULTRALUBE can be applied to most metals as well as other substrates such as glass,ceramics, and plastics. It is applied using dry air (no binders) at room temperature. Itforms a single layer of non-overlapping platelets of modified tungsten disulfide. The filmthickness ranges from 0.000015 inch to 0.000020 inch (0.015 mil to 0.02 mil). Only onecoat of the lubricant can be applied. Other coatings or wet lubricants can often be appliedover ULTRALUBE to provide desired surface properties. ULTRALUBE is applied by aproprietary process, but this process may be licensed for application by the user. ULTRALUBE is reported to be inert, nontoxic, and noncorrosive. It contains lamellartungsten disulfide. No further information about the ingredients of ULTRALUBE isavailable. Additional Supporting Literature

• Diversified Drilube, Inc., “Dry Film Lubricants,” Product Information• Handley, Gary, Diversified Drilube, Inc., Telephone Conversation, July 22,

1997. Point of Contact Gary Handley, Vice President Diversified Drilube, Inc. 7427 East 46 Place Tulsa, OK, CA 74145-6305 Phone: 918-622-6116 Fax: 918-622-1476


C.67. VITRO-LUBE NPI-1220 (NATIONAL PROCESS INDUSTRIES, INC.) Vitro-Lube NPI-1220 is a high-load solid film lubricant composed of MoS2 and graphite.It is intended for use under high loads at temperatures up to 630°F. This lubricant isapplied in two steps by NPI, and is not suitable for “in-house” application. Parts to be coated with Vitro-Lube NPI-1220 should be grit blasted and completely free ofcontaminants, with a surface finish of 16 µin to 32 µin rms. Additional treatments, such asphosphating, may be applied as appropriate for individual substrates. NPI recommendsthat substrates have a hardness of at least Rc 36. Vitro-Lube NPI-1220 is applied as abase coat and a top coat. The base coat has a ceramic binder in ethyl alcohol as thesolvent. It is applied to a thickness of 0.0004 inch to 0.0006 inch. The base coat is curedin an 1100°F furnace for one minute after the part surface reaches 975°F. This usuallyresults in no more than ten minutes residence time in the furnace; the manufacturer reportsthat materials other than aluminum alloys exhibit no discernible loss in hardness from thisprocedure. The top coat, which has a phenolic resin binder and denatured alcohol as thesolvent, is applied to a film thickness of 0.0002 inch to 0.0003 inch (0.2 mil to 0.3 mil),and is cured for one hour at 300°F. The total film thickness of the complete Vitro-LubeNPI-1220 system is 0.0006 inch to 0.0009 inch (0.6 mil to 0.9 mil). The reported ingredients of Vitro-Lube NPI-1220 are listed in Table C-60.

Table C-60. Ingredients of National Process Industries Vitro-Lube NPI-1220


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

MolybdenumDisulfide


10 mg/m3

Graphite 007782-42-5 N.R. 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable Ceramic Binder N.E. N.R. N.E. N.E. Phenolic ResinBinder

N.E. N.R. N.E. N.E.

Ethyl Alcohol 000064-17-5 N.R. 1000 ppm 1000 ppm N.E. = Not Established N.R. = Percentage Not Reported

Ethyl alcohol is considered to be a known carcinogen by IARC and OSHA. Additional Supporting Literature

• National Process Industries, Inc., “Dry Film Lubricants,” ProductInformation.




C.68. X-204 SOLID FILM LUBRICANT (FEL-PRO CHEMICAL PRODUCTS L.P.) X-204 Solid Film Lubricant is a mixture of MoS2, graphite, and calcium fluoride in a high-temperature silicone resin with an oil carrier. It is recommended for use on gas turbineengine blades, valves, and bearings, and in vacuum and radiation conditions. X-204 SolidFilm Lubricant is reported to provide lubrication up to 750°F continuous temperatureexposure, and antigalling and antiseize protection up to 2400°F. This lubricant has a shelflife of two years when stored in the original container. X-204 Solid Film Lubricant will adhere over anodized, phosphated, and passivated metalsurfaces. It may be applied by dipping, brushing, or spraying. Its viscosity as supplied is100 centipoise; dilution with xylene or toluene may be required to create the appropriateviscosity for spray application. The recommended film thickness is approximately0.0007 inch (0.7 mil). X-204 Solid Film Lubricant should be cured by one of the following cure schedules:

• 1 hour at 500°F or• 1.5 hours at 400°F or• 3.5 hours at 350°F.

X-204 Solid Film Lubricant has a VOC content of approximately 90 g/l. The ingredientsof X-204 Solid Film Lubricant, as reported in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-61. Table C-61. Ingredients of Fel-Pro Chemical Products X-204 Solid Film Lubricant


OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV

Calcium Fluoride 007789-75-5 <15 2.5 mg/m3 as F 2.5 mg/m3 as F Graphite 007782-42-5 <15 2.5 mg/m3


Respirable Silicon Dioxide(Quartz)

014808-60-7 <1 0.1 mg/m3 0.1 mg/m3

Xylene 001330-20-7 <10 100 ppm 100 ppm MolybdenumDisulfide

001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

N.R. = Percentage Not Reported Quartz is reported to be a confirmed carcinogen by IARC and NTP.



• Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P., “Coating X-204,” Material Safety DataSheet, March 15, 1994

• Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P., “X-204 Solid Film Lubricant,” Fel-ProTechnical Information.

Point of Contact Pablo Montero Fel-Pro Chemical Products L.P. 3412 W. Touhy Ave. Lincolnwood, IL 60645 Phone: 800-457-9382 Phone (POC): 847-568-2357 Fax: 847-674-0019


C.69. XYLAN® 1052DF/880 BLACK (WHITFORD CORPORATION) Xylan 1052DF/880 Black is a dual-lubricant dry film coating using a thermoset polymer tomaintain even distribution of its components. It is specifically intended for high pressure,low speed, industrial/mechanical wear applications such as highly loaded gate valves andvalve stems. It is reported to function well at pressures up to 150,000 psi. The operatingtemperature range extends to 500°F in continuous operation and to 600°F intermittentexposure. Xylan 1052DF/880 may be applied to a wide variety of substrates includingtitanium, steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, zinc, nickel plate, andceramics. The shelf life is one year from date of shipment. Storage between 50°F and80°F is recommended, but storage within the broader temperature range of 40°F to 95°Fwill not damage the lubricant. Prior to application of Xylan 1052DF/880, all surfaces should be completely free of oilsand greases. Grit blasting of metal surfaces with 60 - 80 mesh aluminum oxide grit mediais strongly recommended. The parts tom be coated should be thoroughly cleaned toremove any grit blast residue. If the coating will be exposed to chemicals or to corrosive environments, application of azinc phosphate primer is recommended. Spray application of Xylan 1052DF/880 to a film thickness of 0.0007 inch to 0.0009 inch(0.7 mil to 0.9 mil) is recommended. Cure at 450°F for ten minutes. Lower curetemperatures may be utilized if substrate materials cannot be subjected to 450°F. Themanufacturer suggests increasing the cure time by ten minutes for each 50°F reduction incure temperature. Lower cure temperatures will significantly reduce chemical resistance;mechanical properties are also affected, but to a lesser degree. Xylan 1052DF/880 contains approximately 790 g/l VOCs. The ingredients ofXylan 1052DF/880, as listed in the MSDS, are reported in Table C-62.


Table C-62. Ingredients of Whitford Corporation Xylan 1052DF/880 Black


OSHA PEL ACGIHTLV

N-Methylpyrrolidone 000872-50-4 54 N.E. N.E. Light AromaticPetroleum Naphtha

064742-95-6 N.R. N.E. N.E.

Polytetrafluoroethylene 009002-84-0 N.R. 15 mg/m3 10 mg/m3

Molybdenum Disulfide 001317-33-5 N.R. 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3

Respirable

10 mg/m3

Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 000108-10-1 6.8 100 ppm 50 ppm Xylene 001330-20-7 5.5 100 ppm 100 ppm Ethyl Benzene 000100-41-4 1.2 100 ppm 100 ppm Manganese FerriteBlack Spinel

068186-94-7 3.3 5 mg/m3 as Mn 0.2 mg/m3 asMn

Toluene 000108-88-3 0.06 200 ppm 50 ppm 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene(Pseudocumene)

000095-63-6 N.R. N.E. 25 ppm


In addition, the manufacturer recommends a TWA exposure limit for naphtha lightaromatic solvent of 50 ppm. The DFG recommends that a PEL of 100 ppm be observedfor N-methylpyrrolidone. Note that the NIOSH suggests a REL of 25 ppm for1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (pseudocumene). Dermal penetration is a particular route ofconcern for toluene, which is present only in trace amounts. Additional Supporting Literature

• Whitford Corporation, “Xylan 1052/880 Black,” Product Data Sheet• Whitford Corporation, “Xylan 1052/880 Black,” Material Safety Data

Sheet, September 26, 1995.

Point of Contact

Jennifer BrysiakWhitford CorporationP.O. Box 2347West Chester, PA 19380Phone: 610-296-3200Fax: 610-647-4849

APPENDIX D

PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL, SAFETY, AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH(ESOH) ANALYSIS OF VIABLE ALTERNATIVE DRY FILM LUBRICANTS

Potential Alternatives Report D-i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

D.1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR ESOH ANALYSIS OF VIABLEALTERNATIVE DFLS...............................................................................................D-1D.1.1. Environmental Background Analysis............................................................D-1D.1.2. Safety and Occupational Health Background Analysis..................................D-1

D.2. ESOH ANALYSIS OF VIABLE ALTERNATIVE DFLS...........................................D-6D.2.1. 0200 Dry Moly Lube (Sherwin-Williams Co., Sprayon Products Division)...D-7

D.2.1.1. Environmental Issues ................................................................D-7D.2.1.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ......................................D-7

D.2.2. Alseal 311 (Coatings for Industry, Inc.) .....................................................D-10D.2.2.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-10D.2.2.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-10

D.2.3. Alseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating (Coatings for Industry, Inc.)............D-12D.2.3.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-12D.2.3.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-13



D.2.6. AMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold Forming Precoat Lubricant (AMLIndustries, Inc.) .........................................................................................D-18D.2.6.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-18D.2.6.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-19

D.2.7. AMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry Film Lubricant (AML Industries,Inc.) ..........................................................................................................D-21D.2.7.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-21D.2.7.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-21

D.2.8. AMLUBE 582 (AML Industries, Inc.).......................................................D-23D.2.8.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-23D.2.8.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-23

D.2.9. DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant (Dow Corning Corporation) ....D-25D.2.10. Drilube #805N Heat Cured Lubricant (Drilube Company)..........................D-25

D.2.10.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-25D.2.10.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-25

D.2.11. E/M-1380B Extreme Temperature Dry Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ........D-27D.2.11.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-27D.2.11.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-28

D.2.12. Everlube 380D (E/M Corporation) ............................................................D-29D.2.12.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-29D.2.12.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-30

D-ii Potential Alternatives Report

D.2.13. Everlube 811 (E/M Corporation) ...............................................................D-31D.2.13.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-31D.2.13.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-32

D.2.14. Everlube 812 (E/M Corporation) ...............................................................D-34D.2.14.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-34D.2.14.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-34

D.2.15. Everlube Esnalube 382 Extreme Temperature Thread Lubricant (E/MCorporation)..............................................................................................D-36D.2.15.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-36D.2.15.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-36

D.2.16. Gleitmo 905 Water-Based MoS2 Solid Film Lubricant (Fuchs LubricantsCompany)..................................................................................................D-38D.2.16.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-38D.2.16.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-39

D.2.17. GR-640 Dry Film Graphite Lubricant (Dixon Ticonderoga Co., Graphite& Lubricant Division)................................................................................D-40D.2.17.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-40D.2.17.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-41

D.2.18. GW-330 Semi-Aqueous Graphite Lubricant (Dixon Ticonderoga Co.,Graphite & Lubricant Division)..................................................................D-43D.2.18.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-43D.2.18.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-43

D.2.19. LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant (LubeCon Systems, Inc.)............................D-45D.2.19.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-45D.2.19.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-45

D.2.20. Lube-Lok 22-T Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ...........................D-47D.2.20.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-47D.2.20.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-48

D.2.21. Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ........................D-49D.2.21.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-49D.2.21.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-50

D.2.22. Lube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ...........................D-52D.2.22.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-52D.2.22.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-52

D.2.23. Lube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) ...........................D-54D.2.24. Lube-Lok 7400 Ceramic Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) .............D-54


D.2.25. McLube MoS2-108L Dry Film Lubricant (McGee IndustriesIncorporated) ............................................................................................D-57D.2.25.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-57D.2.25.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-57

D.2.26. McLube MoS2-900 Water-Based Dry Film Lubricant (McGee IndustriesIncorporated) ............................................................................................D-59D.2.26.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-59

Potential Alternatives Report D-iii

D.2.26.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-60D.2.27. Perma-Slik C Air-Dry Bonded Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation).....D-61


D.2.28. Perma-Slik S Air-Dry Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)..................D-64D.2.28.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-64D.2.28.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-65

D.2.29. Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant (Permatex Industrial Division of LoctiteCorporation)..............................................................................................D-67D.2.29.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-67D.2.29.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-67

D.2.30. SRA #1 (Surfaces Research)......................................................................D-69D.2.31. SRA #2 (Surfaces Research)......................................................................D-70D.2.32. SRA #3 (Surfaces Research)......................................................................D-70D.2.33. Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A High Temperature Dry Film Lubricant

(Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc.) ..................................................................D-70D.2.34. Tiolube 29 (Tiodize Co., Inc.) ...................................................................D-70


D.2.35. Tiolube 614-T9B (Tiodize Co., Inc.) .........................................................D-72D.2.35.1. Environmental Issues ..............................................................D-72D.2.35.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues ....................................D-73

D.2.36. Tiolube K14-T9B (Tiodize Co., Inc.).........................................................D-74D.2.37. X-204 Solid Film Lubricant (Fel-Pro® Chemical Products L.P.) .................D-75


D.3. PRODUCT RANKING BASED ON SAFETY AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTHCRITERIA................................................................................................................D-78

LIST OF TABLES

Page

Table D-1. Background ESOH Analysis of Viable Alternatives to Lead-Containing DFLs.....D-3Table D-2. ESOH Analysis of Sherwin-Williams/Sprayon Products 0200 Dry Moly Lube .....D-9Table D-3. ESOH Analysis of Coatings for Industry Alseal 311 ..........................................D-12Table D-4. ESOH Analysis of Coatings for Industry Alseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating D-14Table D-5. ESOH Analysis of Coatings for Industry Alseal 360 ..........................................D-16Table D-6. ESOH Analysis of Coatings for Industry Alseal 380 ..........................................D-18Table D-7. ESOH Analysis of AML Industries AMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold Forming

Precoat Lubricant..............................................................................................D-20Table D-8. ESOH Analysis of AML Industries AMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry

Film Lubricant...................................................................................................D-22

D-iv Potential Alternatives Report

Table D-9. ESOH Analysis of AML Industries AMLUBE 582............................................D-24Table D-10. ESOH Analysis of Drilube #805N Heat Cured Lubricant...................................D-27Table D-11. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation E/M-1380B Extreme Temperature Dry

Lubricant ..........................................................................................................D-29Table D-12. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 380D .........................................D-31Table D-13. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 811 ............................................D-33Table D-14. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 812 ............................................D-35Table D-15. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube Esnalube 382 Extreme

Temperature Thread Lubricant..........................................................................D-38Table D-16. ESOH Analysis of Fuchs Lubricants Company Gleitmo 905 Water-Based

MoS2 Solid Film Lubricant................................................................................D-40Table D-17. ESOH Analysis of Dixon Ticonderoga Company GR-640 Dry Film Graphite

Lubricant ..........................................................................................................D-42Table D-18. ESOH Analysis of Dixon Ticonderoga Company GW-330 Semi-Aqueous

Graphite Lubricant ............................................................................................D-44Table D-19. ESOH Analysis of LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant .............................................D-47Table D-20. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 22-T Solid Film Lubricant ........D-49Table D-21. ESOH Analysis for E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant ....D-51Table D-22. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant ........D-54Table D-23. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 7400 Ceramic Solid Film

Lubricant ..........................................................................................................D-56Table D-24. ESOH Analysis of McGee Industries McLube MoS2-108L Dry Film Lubricant .D-59Table D-25. ESOH Analysis of McGee Industries McLube MoS2-900 Water-Based Dry

Film Lubricant...................................................................................................D-61Table D-26. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik C Air-Dry Bonded Solid Film

Lubricant ..........................................................................................................D-64Table D-27. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Perma-Slik S Air-Dry Solid Film

Lubricant ..........................................................................................................D-66Table D-28. ESOH Analysis of Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant ..............................................D-69Table D-29. ESOH Analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 29 ........................................................D-72Table D-30. ESOH Analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 614-T9B ..............................................D-74Table D-31. ESOH Analysis of Fel-Pro Chemical Products X-204 Solid Film Lubricant........D-77Table D-32. Ranking of Baseline and Viable Alternative Dry Film Lubricants Based on

Safety and Occupational Health Criteria ............................................................D-79

Potential Alternatives Report D-1

The environmental, safety, and occupational health (ESOH) analysis in this appendix containsdetailed descriptions of ESOH characteristics of the viable alternative nonlead dry film lubricants(DFLs). A summary of this information appears in Section 5 of this Potential Alternatives Report(PAR). This analysis is intended to provide appropriate information for comparing the ESOHcharacteristics of each candidate DFL with the characteristics of the other candidate DFLs andwith those of the currently used DFLs (see Section 2.2 and Appendix B). This comparison canthen be used as a basis to further reduce the number of products being considered for testing.

Because of the limited scope of this ESOH analysis, it is understood that this assessment willprovide a general outline of the ESOH characteristics of the candidate DFLs and may not revealevery possible deficiency or hazard. Concurrent Technologies Corporation (CTC) assumes noresponsibility for the safe operation and maintenance of the manufacturing technology or for anyESOH hazards or releases resulting from operation and maintenance of the alternativemanufacturing technology.

D.1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR ESOH ANALYSIS OF VIABLEALTERNATIVE DFLS

D.1.1. Environmental Background Analysis

Each candidate DFL may be governed, to a greater or lesser extent, by federalenvironmental laws and regulations. Therefore, a regulatory review of each viablealternative was conducted as part of the ESOH analysis. Each DFL was reviewedto determine the extent of its regulation under the Clean Air Act (CAA); CleanWater Act (CWA); Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA);Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA); andComprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act(CERCLA). Viable alternatives were also compared to the United StatesEnvironmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) list of 17 high-risk priority chemicals,called the EPA 17 list. Even DFLs containing ingredients that are heavilyregulated under one or more of these laws are still available for use by facilities,although most facilities wisely restrict their use.

A viable alternative DFL is only described as having “failed” environmental criteriaon regulatory grounds if it contains a constituent whose use has been banned, or isscheduled to be banned, by EPA. Otherwise, the alternative “passes” thisbackground analysis.

D.1.2. Safety and Occupational Health Background Analysis

Each identified constituent of the alternative DFL, when available, was reviewed interms of its potential toxicity as a known or suspected human carcinogen, human

D-2 Potential Alternatives Report

genotoxicant, human teratogen, or human neurotoxicant. Each of these categoriesis briefly defined and described below.

• Human Carcinogen: Those agents, including organic and inorganiccompounds, that have an ability to induce carcinomas (cancer) inhumans. For this analysis, those constituents that show clear orsuspected evidence of carcinogenic activity in humans as concludedby such organizations as the National Toxicology Program (NTP),EPA’s Office of Science and Technology Weight-of-EvidencePolicy, the American Conference of Government IndustrialHygienists (ACGIH), the German Research Society (DFG), and theInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) areconsidered to be human carcinogens.

• Human Genotoxicant: Those agents determined or suspected to beDNA-reactive (genotoxic), where available information is sufficient,are considered to be human genotoxicants.

• Human Teratogen: Those agents that are determined or suspectedto cause any detrimental effect (structural or functional) duringembryonic development after exposure are considered to beteratogens. Such exposure may occur before conception or duringpregnancy.

• Human Neurotoxicant: Those agents that are determined orsuspected to cause toxic effects to the human nervous system fromexposure at expected occupational concentrations are considered tobe neurotoxicants.

Those candidate DFLs containing constituents determined to be known orsuspected toxicants in the categories listed above, based on available literature, arenoted as “failed.” Those DFLs containing constituents for which data are notsufficient to classify as known or suspected human toxicants are noted as “passed.” The results of the ESOH analysis performed using these criteria are summarized inTable D-1. A more detailed ESOH analysis of the candidate nonlead DFLs iscontained in Section D.2.


Table D-1. Background ESOH Analysis of Viable Alternatives to Lead-Containing DFLs

Health And Safety Criteria Carcinogen Teratogen Genotoxicant Neurotoxicant

Product

Known Suspected Known Suspected Known Suspected Known Suspected

Environmental Criteria

0200 Dry MolyLube

Pass Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass

Alseal 311 Pass Pass Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass Alseal 333 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Alseal 360 Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Alseal 380 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass AMLUBE 555 Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass AMLUBE 580 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass AMLUBE 582 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass DOW CORNING®

321 Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass (Fail) (Fail) Pass

Drilube #805N Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass E/M®-1380B Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Everlube® 380D Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass+ Pass Pass Pass Everlube 811 Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass+ Pass Pass Pass Everlube 812 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Everlube Esnalube382


Gleitmo 905 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass GR-640 Pass Pass Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass


alternatives and may not reveal every possible deficiency or hazard. CTC assumes no responsibility for the safe operation and maintenance of themanufacturing technology or for any environmental, safety, and occupational health hazards or releases resulting from operation and maintenance of thealternative manufacturing technology.

(Table D-1 continued on next page)


Table D-1. Background ESOH Analysis of Viable Alternatives to Lead-Containing DFLs (Continued)


Product



GW-330 Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass LubeCon® SeriesI/M Lubricant

Pass Fail Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass Pass Pass

Lube-Lok® 22-T Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Lube-Lok 22-TG Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Lube-Lok 2306 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Lube-Lok 2396 Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Lube-Lok 7400 Pass (Fail) Pass Pass+ (Fail) (Fail)+ (Fail) (Fail) Pass McLube MoS2-108L


McLube MoS2-900


Perma-Slik® C Pass Pass Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass Perma-Slik S Pass Pass Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass Permatex® DryMoly Lubricant

Pass Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass

SRA #1 Information not available SRA #2 Information not available SRA #3 Information not available



(Table D-1 continued on next page)


Table D-1. Background ESOH Analysis of Viable Alternatives to Lead-Containing DFLs (Continued)


Product



Surf-Kote® LOB-1800-G Class A

Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass

Tiolube 29 Pass Pass Pass (Pass+) Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Tiolube 614-T9B Pass Pass Pass Pass+ Pass Pass Fail Fail Pass Tiolube K14-T9B Information not available X-204 Pass Fail Pass Pass+ Pass Pass+ Fail Fail Pass




D.2. ESOH ANALYSIS OF VIABLE ALTERNATIVE DFLS This section describes in detail the ESOH impact of the viable alternative DFLsrecommended for further evaluation (refer to Section 5 of this PAR). Each productdiscussion includes a description of chemicals of concern, exposure effects, toxicity andexposure ratings (explained below), suggested personal protective equipment, and ananalysis of regulatory concerns. This information was obtained by analyzing materialsafety data sheets (MSDSs) from the vendors of the viable alternative products as well asother reference materials. Using available resources, each candidate DFL was reviewed to determine the extent of itsregulation under major federal environmental laws: CAA, CWA, RCRA, Section 313 ofEPCRA, and CERCLA. The constituents of each viable alternative DFL were alsocompared to the EPA 17 list. The criteria used for this evaluation are described in Section2.2.1 of the PAR. Each DFL will be governed, to a greater of lesser extent, by federalenvironmental laws and regulations. Even DFLs containing ingredients that are heavilyregulated under one or more of these laws are still available for use by facilities, althoughmost facilities wisely restrict their use. Each candidate alternative DFL was given a toxicity rating, an exposure rating, and anoverall hazard rating based on the criteria explained in Section 2.2.2 of this PAR. Toxicityratings and exposure ratings of high, medium, and low, were assigned to the DFLs basedon the analysis of the available literature, the relative quantities of each constituent in eachproduct, and best professional judgement. Parameters reviewed included median lethalconcentrations (LC50s), median lethal doses (LD50s), permissible exposure limits (PELs)promulgated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), andthreshold limit values (TLVs) issued by the ACGIH. The hazard rating for each product isderived from the toxicity ratings and exposure ratings of the product constituents, andgives an overall safety and occupational health rating to the candidate nonlead DFL. This ESOH analysis can be used to make direct comparisons between the ESOH issuesassociated with individual viable alternative products, and comparisons of the ESOHcharacteristics of the viable alternative DFLs with those of the currently used DFLs (referto Section 2.2 of this PAR and Appendix B). A summary of the following ESOH analysis of the viable alternative DFLs may be found inTable 11 in Section 5 of this PAR.


D.2.1. 0200 Dry Moly Lube (Sherwin-Williams Co., Sprayon Products Division)

D.2.1.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of 0200 Dry Moly Lube from Sherwin-Williams/Sprayon Products is provided below.

• Air Emissions: 0200 Dry Moly Lube contains oneconstituent that is listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP),xylene. In addition, this alternative contains volatile organiccompounds (VOCs) totaling 98 percent by mass (mass %)(excluding federally exempt solvents).

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: Two constituents of0200 Dry Moly Lube may generate waste sludge that mustbe disposed of as RCRA hazardous waste: xylene(hazardous waste numbers F003 and U239) and acetone(F003 and U002).

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of 0200 Dry Moly Lubemay result in a waste stream containing one regulatedchemical, xylene. Xylene is designated a hazardoussubstance under CWA Section 311.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents of0200 Dry Moly Lube are required to be listed on ToxicsRelease Inventory (TRI) reports under EPCRASection 313: xylene, isopropyl alcohol, and acetone.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This alternative containsthe following constituents which are listed as hazardoussubstances under CERCLA: xylene and acetone.

• EPA 17: Xylene is included on the EPA 17 list of chemicalstargeted for strict regulation.

D.2.1.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative 0200 Dry MolyLube. This rating is based on the determination that 0200 Dry Moly Lubehas a medium toxicity rating and a low to medium exposure rating. Amedium hazard rating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern iscaused by the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of thisalternative. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed andimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers using 0200 DryMoly Lube. Constituents of concern and exposure effects for 0200 DryMoly Lube are discussed below.


Constituents of concern in 0200 Dry Moly Lube include acetone, isopropylalcohol, isobutane, propane, n-heptane, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), andxylene. For information on exposure limits and product composition seeAppendix C. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the candidate DFL.

• Isopropyl alcohol is a suspected human carcinogen.• Propane, n-heptane, xylene, isopropyl alcohol, and acetone

are known human neurotoxicants. Experimental animal data have been observed for the following chemicals.

• Xylene, isopropyl alcohol, and acetone have been shown tobe teratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for xylene and isopropyl alcohol. No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens(genotoxicants), or neurotoxicants were identified in 0200 Dry Moly Lube.Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation topermanent brain damage. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for thechemicals of concern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowestLD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oralLD50 of 3000 milligrams acetone per kilogram of body mass (mg/kg) andan inhalation LC50 of 5000 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3) for xylene.Additional health effects of the candidate DFL constituents are discussedbelow.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to 0200 Dry MolyLube may include, but may not be limited to, nervoussystem depression, anesthesia, narcosis, depression,unconsciousness, headache, dizziness, nausea, loss ofcoordination, dyspnea, and irritation of the eyes, skin, andrespiratory tract.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to peripheral neuropathy resulting inmuscular weakness and loss of sensation; adverse effects tokidney, liver, urinary, blood-forming, cardiovascular, andreproductive systems; permanent brain and nervous systemdamage; and nasal effects.


Candidate DFL 0200 Dry Moly Lube was assigned a medium toxicityrating based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, 0200 Dry Moly Lube was given alow to medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using 0200 Dry Moly Lube. Administrative controls may beappropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, allignition sources should be removed from the area where 0200 Dry MolyLube is in use. Personal protective equipment (PPE) is required for workerhealth protection throughout the DFL application process, and mustinclude protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforatedsideshields and impervious gloves). Approved emergency facilities shouldbe present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fittedrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-2 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of Sherwin-Williams/Sprayon Products 0200 Dry Moly Lube.

Table D-2. ESOH Analysis of Sherwin-Williams/Sprayon Products0200 Dry Moly Lube

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Low to Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 1 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 3 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 2 EPA 17 Constituents 1




D.2.2. Alseal 311 (Coatings for Industry, Inc.)

D.2.2.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Alseal 311 from Coatings for Industry isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: Alseal 311 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs. However, thisalternative contains 1.86 pounds of VOCs per gallon ofalternative DFL (lb/gal).

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofAlseal 311 does not appear to result in the generation of anyhazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result and must bedisposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Alseal 311 may resultin the discharge of a waste stream containing one regulatedchemical: N-methylpyrrolidone. Under the CWA,N-methylpyrrolidone is listed as a pretreatment pollutant.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofAlseal 311 are required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313: N-methylpyrrolidone.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This alternative does notcontain any constituents which are listed as hazardoussubstances under CERCLA.


D.2.2.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative Alseal 311.This rating is based on the determination that Alseal 311 has a mediumtoxicity rating and a low to medium exposure rating. A medium hazardrating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using Alseal 311. Constituents of concernand exposure effects for Alseal 311 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Alseal 311 include N,N-dimethylethanolamine,N-methylpyrrolidone, and MoS2. For information on exposure limits andproduct composition see Appendix C. N,N-dimethylethanolamine is aknown human neurotoxicant. In addition, experimental animal data havebeen observed for the following chemicals.


• N-methylpyrrolidone has been shown to be a teratogenand/or reproductive toxicant in laboratory animals.

• Animal mutation data exist for N-methylpyrrolidone. No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, orneurotoxicants were identified in Alseal 311. Toxic effects for theconstituents of concern may range from irritation to central nervous systemstimulation. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicals ofconcern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowest LD50 andLC50 values identified for constituents of concern are an oral LD50 of 2000mg/kg for N,N-dimethylethanolamine and an inhalation LC50 of 3250mg/m3 for the same compound. Additional health effects of the candidateDFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Alseal 311 mayinclude, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyes, skindrying, central nervous system stimulation, headache,dizziness, and nausea.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL Alseal 311 was assigned a medium toxicity rating based onpublished toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents. Basedon PELs and TLVs, Alseal 311 was given a low to medium exposurerating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Alseal 311. Administrative controls may be appropriate as well(e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sourcesshould be removed from the area where Alseal 311 is in use. PPE isrequired for worker health protection throughout the DFL applicationprocess, and must include protective clothing (e.g., chemical safety gogglesand rubber gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-3 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of Coatings forIndustry Alseal 311.


Table D-3. ESOH Analysis of Coatings for Industry Alseal 311

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Low to Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 0 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 1 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 0 EPA 17 Constituents 0



D.2.3. Alseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating (Coatings for Industry, Inc.)


• Air Emissions: Alseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating doesnot contain any constituents that are listed as HAPs orVOCs.


• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Alseal 333 does notresult in the discharge of any regulated waste streams underthe CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents of Alseal 333 arerequired to be listed on TRI reports under EPCRASection 313.




D.2.3.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low hazard rating is given to the alternative Alseal 333. Thisrating is based on the determination that Alseal 333 has a low toxicityrating and a low exposure rating. A low hazard rating indicates that anoverall low ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity and workerexposure properties of this alternative. Worker exposure controls shouldbe reviewed and implemented to protect the health and safety of workersusing Alseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating. Constituents of concern andexposure effects for Alseal 333 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Alseal 333 include alkali metal silicate, ceriumfluoride, and MoS2. For information on exposure limits and productcomposition see Appendix C. No known or suspected carcinogens,teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants were identified in Alseal 333.Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicals of concern alsoindicate low toxicity. The only LD50 identified for constituents of concernwas an oral LD50 of greater than 5000 mg/kg for cerium fluoride. No LC50

for a constituent for this DFL was found in the literature. Additional healtheffects of the candidate DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Alseal 333 mayinclude, but may not be limited to; irritation of the eyes withdiscomfort, tearing or blurring of vision; skin irritation withdiscomfort or rash; and irritation of the upper respiratorytract.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL Alseal 333 was assigned a low toxicity rating based onpublished toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents. Basedon PELs and TLVs, Alseal 333 was given a low exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Alseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where Alseal333 is in use. PPE is required for worker health protection throughout theDFL application process, and must include protective clothing (e.g.,chemical safety goggles and rubber gloves). Approved emergency facilitiesshould be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fittedrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-4 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of Coatings forIndustry Alseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating.


Table D-4. ESOH Analysis of Coatings for Industry

Alseal 333 Inorganic Fretting Coating

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Low Exposure Ratingb Low Hazard Ratingc Low Air Emissions – HAPs 0 Air Emissions – VOCs No Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters No TRI Reporting 0 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 0 EPA 17 Constituents 0





• Air Emissions: Alseal 360 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.



• Reporting Requirements: None of the constituents ofAlseal 360 are required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313.




D.2.4.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative Alseal 360.This rating is based on the determination that Alseal 360 has a mediumtoxicity rating and a low to medium exposure rating. A medium hazardrating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using Alseal 360. Constituents of concernand exposure effects for Alseal 360 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Alseal 360 include alkali metal silicate andgraphite. For information on exposure limits and product composition seeAppendix C. Synthetic graphite, a compound virtually identical to naturalgraphite, has been shown to be a reproductive toxicant/teratogen inexperimental animals. No other known or suspected carcinogens,teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants were identified in Alseal 360.Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicals of concern alsoindicate moderate toxicity. The only LD50 identified for constituents ofconcern was an intravenous (iv) LD50 of 440 mg/kg for synthetic graphite.No LC50 for a constituent of this DFL was found in the literature.Additional health effects of the candidate DFL constituents are discussedbelow.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Alseal 360 mayinclude, but may not be limited to, skin irritation withdiscomfort or rash, irritation of the upper respiratory tract,and irritation of the eyes with discomfort, tearing or blurringof vision.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL Alseal 360 was assigned a medium toxicity rating based onpublished toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents. Basedon PELs and TLVs, Alseal 360 was given a low to medium exposurerating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Alseal 360. Administrative controls may be appropriate as well(e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sourcesshould be removed from the area where Alseal 360 is in use. PPE isrequired for worker health protection throughout the DFL applicationprocess, and must include protective clothing (e.g., chemical safety gogglesand rubber gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,


eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-5 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of Coatings forIndustry Alseal 360.







• Air Emissions: Alseal 380 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.



• Reporting Requirements: No constituents of Alseal 380 arerequired to be listed on TRI reports under EPCRASection 313.




D.2.5.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low hazard rating is given to the alternative Alseal 380. Thisrating is based on the determination that Alseal 380 has a low exposurerating. It was not possible to assign a toxicity rating for this product. Thislow hazard rating indicates that an overall low ESOH concern is caused bythe worker exposure properties of this alternative. Worker exposurecontrols should be reviewed and implemented to protect the health andsafety of workers using Alseal 380. Constituents of concern and exposureeffects for Alseal 380 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Alseal 380 include alkali metal silicate andMoS2. For information on exposure limits and product composition seeAppendix C. No known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens,or neurotoxicants were identified in Alseal 380. No LD50s or inhalationLC50s for the chemicals of concern could be identified. Additional healtheffects of the candidate DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Alseal 380 mayinclude, but may not be limited to, irritation of the upperrespiratory tract, skin irritation with discomfort or rash, andirritation of the eyes with discomfort, tearing or blurring ofvision.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Given the lack of published toxicity data, Alseal 380 was not assigned atoxicity rating. Based on PELs and TLVs, Alseal 380 was given a lowexposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Alseal 380. Administrative controls may be appropriate as well(e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sourcesshould be removed from the area where Alseal 380 is in use. PPE isrequired for worker health protection throughout the DFL applicationprocess, and must include protective clothing (e.g., chemical safety gogglesand rubber gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded.


Table D-6 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of Coatings forIndustry Alseal 380.





D.2.6. AMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold Forming Precoat Lubricant (AMLIndustries, Inc.)

D.2.6.1. Environmental Issues

A brief regulatory analysis of AMLUBE 555 from AML Industries isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: AMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold FormingPrecoat Lubricant does not contain any constituents that arelisted as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofAMLUBE 555 does not appear to result in the generationof any hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of AMLUBE 555 doesnot result in the discharge of any regulated waste streamsunder the CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents ofAMLUBE 555 are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313.




D.2.6.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues

An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative AMLUBE 555.This rating is based on the determination that AMLUBE 555 has a mediumtoxicity rating and a low to medium exposure rating. A medium hazardrating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using AMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty ColdForming Precoat Lubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effectsfor AMLUBE 555 are discussed below.

Constituents of concern in AMLUBE 555 include MoS2 and graphite. Forinformation on exposure limits and product composition see Appendix C.Synthetic graphite, a compound virtually identical to natural graphite, hasbeen shown to be a reproductive toxicant/teratogen in experimentalanimals. No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens,or neurotoxicants were identified in AMLUBE 555. Identified LD50s forthe chemicals of concern also indicate moderate toxicity. The only LD50

identified for constituents of concern was an iv LD50 of 440 mg/kg forsynthetic graphite. No LC50 for a constituent of this DFL was found in theliterature. Additional health effects of the candidate DFL constituents arediscussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to AMLUBE 555may include, but may not be limited to, irritation of theupper respiratory tract, skin irritation with discomfort orrash, and irritation of the eyes with discomfort, tearing orblurring of vision.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL AMLUBE 555 was assigned a medium toxicity ratingbased on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, AMLUBE 555 was given a lowto medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using AMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold Forming Precoat Lubricant.


Administrative controls may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure timelimits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed fromthe area where AMLUBE 555 is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses or chemical goggles and water-resistant gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-7 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of AML IndustriesAMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold Forming Precoat Lubricant.

Table D-7. ESOH Analysis of AML IndustriesAMLUBE 555 Heavy Duty Cold Forming Precoat Lubricant





D.2.7. AMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry Film Lubricant (AML Industries, Inc.)


A brief regulatory analysis of AMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry FilmLubricant from AML Industries is provided below.

• Air Emissions: AMLUBE 580 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.



• Reporting Requirements: No constituents ofAMLUBE 580 are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313.



D.2.7.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low hazard rating is given to the alternative AMLUBE 580.This rating is based on the determination that AMLUBE 580 has a lowexposure rating. It was not possible to assign a toxicity rating for thisproduct. This low hazard rating indicates that an overall low ESOHconcern is caused by the worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using AMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-BondedDry Film Lubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effects forAMLUBE 580 are discussed below. The constituent of concern in AMLUBE 580 is MoS2. For information onexposure limits and product composition see Appendix C. No known orsuspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants wereidentified in AMLUBE 580. No LD50s or inhalation LC50s for the chemicalof concern could be identified. Additional health effects of the candidateDFL constituents are discussed below.


• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to AMLUBE 580may include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyes,skin irritation and dermatitis, possibly aggravating pre-existing skin disorders.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Given the lack of published toxicity data, AMLUBE 580 was not assigneda toxicity rating. Based on PELs and TLVs, AMLUBE 580 was given alow exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using AMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry Film Lubricant.Administrative controls may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure timelimits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed fromthe area where AMLUBE 580 is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses or chemical goggles and water-resistant gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-8 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of AML IndustriesAMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry Film Lubricant.

Table D-8. ESOH Analysis of AML IndustriesAMLUBE 580 Moly Resin-Bonded Dry Film Lubricant





D.2.8. AMLUBE 582 (AML Industries, Inc.)

D.2.8.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of AMLUBE 582 from AML Industries isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: AMLUBE 582 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.



• Reporting Requirements: None of the constituents ofAMLUBE 582 are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313.




An overall low hazard rating is given to the alternative AMLUBE 582.This rating is based on the determination that AMLUBE 582 has a lowexposure rating. It was not possible to assign a toxicity rating for thisproduct. This low hazard rating indicates that an overall low ESOHconcern is caused by the worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using AMLUBE 582. Constituents ofconcern and exposure effects for AMLUBE 582 are discussed below.

The constituent of concern in AMLUBE 582 is MoS2. For information onexposure limits and product composition see Appendix C. No known orsuspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants wereidentified in AMLUBE 582. No LD50 or inhalation LC50 for the chemicalof concern could be identified. Additional health effects of the candidateDFL constituents are discussed below.


• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to AMLUBE 582may include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyes,skin irritation and dermatitis, possibly aggravating pre-existing skin disorders.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Given the lack of published toxicity data, AMLUBE 582 was not assigneda toxicity rating. Based on PELs and TLVs, AMLUBE 582 was given alow exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using AMLUBE 582. Administrative controls may be appropriate aswell (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sourcesshould be removed from the area where AMLUBE 582 is in use. PPE isrequired for worker health protection throughout the DFL applicationprocess, and must include protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses orchemical goggles and water-resistant gloves). Approved emergencyfacilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.).Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposure limits are to beexceeded. Table D-9 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of AML IndustriesAMLUBE 582.

Table D-9. ESOH Analysis of AML Industries AMLUBE 582





D.2.9. DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant (Dow Corning Corporation) DOW CORNING 321 Dry Film Lubricant is currently used by one of theparticipating aircraft engine manufacturers, and is being evaluated by the entiregroup. An overall medium hazard rating is given to DOW CORNING 321 DryFilm Lubricant. A regulatory analysis of this product and a description of how thishazard rating was assigned may be found in Appendix B.

D.2.10. Drilube #805N Heat Cured Lubricant (Drilube Company)

D.2.10.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Drilube #805N from Drilube Company isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: Drilube #805N Heat Cured Lubricant doesnot contain any constituents that are listed as HAPs orVOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofDrilube #805N does not appear to result in the generationof any hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Drilube #805N doesnot result in the discharge of any regulated waste streamsunder the CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents ofDrilube #805N are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313.



D.2.10.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low to medium hazard rating is given to the alternativeDrilube #805N. This rating is based on the determination thatDrilube #805N has a low to medium toxicity rating and a low to mediumexposure rating. A low to medium hazard rating indicates that an overalllow to moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity andworker exposure properties of this alternative. Worker exposure controlsshould be reviewed and implemented to protect the health and safety of


workers using Drilube #805N Heat Cured Lubricant. Constituents ofconcern and exposure effects for Drilube #805N are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Drilube #805N include MoS2, graphite, andinorganic silicate binder. For information on exposure limits and productcomposition see Appendix C. Synthetic graphite, a compound virtuallyidentical to natural graphite, has been shown to be a reproductivetoxicant/teratogen in experimental animals. No other known or suspectedcarcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants were identified inDrilube #805N. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may rangefrom irritation to nausea and dizziness. Identified oral LD50s and inhalationLC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate low to moderate toxicity.The only LD50 or LC50 value identified was an iv LD50 of 440 mg/kg forsynthetic graphite. Additional health effects of the candidate DFLconstituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Drilube #805Nmay include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyes,blurred vision, skin irritation, dermatitis, gastrointestinalirritation, irritation of mucous membranes, burningsensations, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue,headache, and unconsciousness.


Candidate DFL Drilube #805N was assigned a low to medium toxicityrating based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Drilube #805N was given a lowto medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Drilube #805N Heat Cured Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where Drilube#805N is in use. PPE is required for worker health protection throughoutthe DFL application process, and must include protective clothing (e.g.,safety glasses or goggles and plastic gloves). Approved emergencyfacilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.).Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposure limits are to beexceeded. Table D-10 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of Drilube #805NHeat Cured Lubricant.


Table D-10. ESOH Analysis of Drilube #805N Heat Cured Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Low to Medium Exposure Ratingb Low to Medium Hazard Ratingc Low to Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 0 Air Emissions – VOCs No Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters No TRI Reporting 0 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 0 EPA 17 Constituents 0



D.2.11. E/M-1380B Extreme Temperature Dry Lubricant (E/M Corporation) Information about the ingredients of E/M-1380B Extreme Temperature DryLubricant was provided by the manufacturer for the purposes of the ESOHanalysis, but is not available for publishing.

D.2.11.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of E/M-1380B Extreme Temperature DryLubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: E/M-1380B is not reported to contain any

constituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use of

E/M-1380B does not appear to result in the generation ofany hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of E/M-1380B does notresult in the discharge of any regulated waste streams underthe CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents of E/M-1380Bare required to be listed on TRI reports under EPCRASection 313.




D.2.11.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative E/M-1380B.This rating is based on a determination that E/M-1380B has a mediumtoxicity rating and a medium exposure rating. This rating indicates that anoverall moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity andworker exposure properties of this candidate DFL. Worker exposurecontrols should be reviewed and properly implemented for worker healthand safety. Exposure effects of the ingredients are discussed below. In this analysis, a surrogate for one ingredient was considered due to thelack of toxicological data on that ingredient. That surrogate chemical hasbeen shown to act as a reproductive toxicant/teratogen in laboratoryanimals. No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens,or neurotoxicants were identified in E/M-1380B Extreme Temperature DryLubricant. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may includeirritation of eyes and mucous membranes. The identified LD50 for thechemical of concern also indicates a moderate level of toxicity, at an ivLD50 of 440 mg/kg. Health effects of the candidate DFL constituents arediscussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure may include, butmay not be limited to, irritation of the eyes and mucousmembranes.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL E/M-1380B was assigned a medium toxicity rating basedon published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents.Based on PELs and TLVs, E/M-1380B was given a medium exposurerating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be usedduring the process and administrative controls may be appropriate(e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). PPE is required for workerhealth protection throughout the DFL application process, and mustinclude protective clothing (e.g., eye protection and gloves), approvedfitted respirators, and approved emergency facilities (e.g., eye wash stationand shower).


A summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M Corporation E/M-1380BExtreme Temperature Dry Lubricant is provided in Table D-11.

Table D-11. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationE/M-1380B Extreme Temperature Dry Lubricant




D.2.12. Everlube 380D (E/M Corporation)

D.2.12.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Everlube 380D from E/M Corporation isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: Everlube 380D does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofEverlube 380D does not appear to result in the generationof any hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: Phosphoric acid is designated ahazardous substance under CWA Section 311. Spills orother discharges of CWA hazardous substances intonavigable waters must be reported when the amount meetsor exceeds the substance’s reportable quantity.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofEverlube 380D are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313: phosphoric acid and aluminumsalt.


• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This alternative containsphosphoric acid which is listed as a hazardous substanceunder CERCLA.


D.2.12.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative Everlube 380D.This rating is based on the determination that Everlube 380D has a mediumtoxicity rating and a medium exposure rating. A medium hazard ratingindicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemicaltoxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative. Workerexposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protect thehealth and safety of workers using Everlube 380D. Constituents ofconcern and exposure effects for Everlube 380D are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Everlube 380D include aluminum salt, graphite,MoS2, and phosphoric acid. For information on exposure limits andproduct composition see Appendix C. Synthetic graphite, a compoundvirtually identical to natural graphite, has been shown to be a reproductivetoxicant/teratogen in experimental animals. No other known or suspectedcarcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants were identified inEverlube 380D. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may rangefrom irritation to pneumoconiosis. Identified LD50s and inhalation LC50sfor the chemicals of concern also indicate low to moderate toxicity. Thelowest LD50 value identified was an iv LD50 of 440 mg/kg for syntheticgraphite. No LC50 for a constituent of this DFL was found in the literature.Additional health effects of the candidate DFL constituents are discussedbelow.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Everlube 380Dmay include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyeswith redness and blurred vision, skin irritation, inhalationirritation, gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, anddiarrhea.


Candidate DFL Everlube 380D was assigned a medium toxicity ratingbased on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Everlube 380D was given amedium exposure rating.


Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Everlube 380D. Administrative controls may be appropriate aswell (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sourcesshould be removed from the area where Everlube 380D is in use. PPE isrequired for worker health protection throughout the DFL applicationprocess, and must include protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses orgoggles and chemical resistant gloves). Approved emergency facilitiesshould be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fittedrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-12 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M CorporationEverlube 380D.

Table D-12. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 380D

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 0 Air Emissions – VOCs No Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 2 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 1 EPA 17 Constituents 0



D.2.13. Everlube 811 (E/M Corporation)

D.2.13.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Everlube 811 from E/M Corporation isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: Everlube 811 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofEverlube 811 does not appear to result in the generation ofany hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.


• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Everlube 811 does notresult in the discharge of any regulated waste streams underthe CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents of Everlube 811are required to be listed on TRI reports under EPCRASection 313.



D.2.13.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative Everlube 811.This rating is based on the determination that Everlube 811 has a mediumtoxicity rating and a low to medium exposure rating. A medium hazardrating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using Everlube 811. Constituents ofconcern and exposure effects for Everlube 811 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Everlube 811 include MoS2, graphite, anonionic wetting agent and an inorganic silicate compound. Forinformation on exposure limits and product composition see Appendix C.Synthetic graphite, a compound virtually identical to natural graphite, hasbeen shown to be a reproductive toxicant/teratogen in experimentalanimals. No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens,or neurotoxicants were identified in Everlube 811. Toxic effects for theconstituents of concern may range from irritation to pneumoconiosis.Identified LD50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate moderatetoxicity. The lowest LD50 value identified was an iv LD50 of 440 mg/kg forsynthetic graphite. No LC50 for a constituent of this DFL was found in theliterature. Additional health effects of the candidate DFL constituents arediscussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Everlube 811may include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyeswith redness and blurred vision, skin irritation, inhalationirritation, gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, anddiarrhea.



Candidate DFL Everlube 811 was assigned a medium toxicity rating basedon published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents.Based on PELs and TLVs, Everlube 811 was given a low to mediumexposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Everlube 811. Administrative controls may be appropriate aswell (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sourcesshould be removed from the area where Everlube 811 is in use. PPE isrequired for worker health protection throughout the DFL applicationprocess, and must include protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses orgoggles and chemical resistant gloves). Approved emergency facilitiesshould be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fittedrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-13 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M CorporationEverlube 811.

Table D-13. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 811





D.2.14. Everlube 812 (E/M Corporation)

D.2.14.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Everlube 812 from E/M Corporation isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: Everlube 812 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofEverlube 812 does not appear to result in the generation ofany hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Everlube 812 does notresult in the discharge of any regulated waste streams underthe CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: None of the constituents ofEverlube 812 are required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313.



D.2.14.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low to medium hazard rating is given to the alternative Everlube812. This rating is based on the determination that Everlube 812 has amedium toxicity rating and a low exposure rating. A low to mediumhazard rating indicates that an overall low to moderate ESOH concern iscaused by the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of thisalternative. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed andimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers usingEverlube 812. Constituents of concern and exposure effects forEverlube 812 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Everlube 812 include MoS2 and an inorganicsilicate compound. For information on exposure limits and productcomposition see Appendix C. No known or suspected carcinogens,teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants were identified in Everlube 812.Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation tonausea and vomiting. Identified oral LD50s for the chemicals of concernalso indicate moderate toxicity. The only LD50 value identified was an oralLD50 of 1280 mg/kg for the inorganic silicate compound. No LC50 for aconstituent of this DFL was found in the literature. Additional healtheffects of the candidate DFL constituents are discussed below.


• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Everlube 812

may include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyeswith redness and blurred vision, skin irritation anddermatitis, inhalation irritation, gastrointestinal irritation,nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL Everlube 812 was assigned a medium toxicity rating basedon published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents.Based on PELs and TLVs, Everlube 812 was given a low exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Everlube 812. Administrative controls may be appropriate aswell (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sourcesshould be removed from the area where Everlube 812 is in use. PPE isrequired for worker health protection throughout the DFL applicationprocess, and must include protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses orgoggles and chemical resistant gloves). Approved emergency facilitiesshould be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fittedrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-14 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M CorporationEverlube 812.

Table D-14. ESOH Analysis of E/M Corporation Everlube 812

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Low Hazard Ratingc Low to Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 0 Air Emissions – VOCs No Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters No TRI Reporting 0 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 0 EPA 17 Constituents 0




D.2.15. Everlube Esnalube 382 Extreme Temperature Thread Lubricant (E/MCorporation)

D.2.15.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Everlube Esnalube 382 from E/MCorporation is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Everlube Esnalube 382 ExtremeTemperature Thread Lubricant does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use of EverlubeEsnalube 382 does not appear to result in the generation ofany hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Everlube Esnalube 382does not result in the discharge of any regulated wastestreams under the CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents of EverlubeEsnalube 382 are required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313.



D.2.15.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low to medium hazard rating is given to the alternative EverlubeEsnalube 382. This rating is based on the determination that EverlubeEsnalube 382 has a medium toxicity rating and a low exposure rating. Alow to medium hazard rating indicates that an overall low to moderateESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity and worker exposureproperties of this alternative. Worker exposure controls should bereviewed and implemented to protect the health and safety of workersusing Everlube Esnalube 382. Constituents of concern and exposureeffects for Everlube Esnalube 382 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Everlube Esnalube 382 include MoS2, nonionicwetting agent, and an inorganic silicate compound. For information onexposure limits and product composition see Appendix C. No known orsuspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants wereidentified in Everlube Esnalube 382. Toxic effects for the constituents of


concern may range from irritation to nausea and vomiting. Identified oralLD50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate moderate toxicity. Theonly LD50 value identified was an oral LD50 of 1280 mg/kg for theinorganic silicate compound. No LC50 for a constituent of this DFL wasfound in the literature. Additional health effects of the candidate DFLconstituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to EverlubeEsnalube 382 may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the eyes with redness and blurred vision, skinirritation and dermatitis, inhalation irritation, fatigue,headache, gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, anddiarrhea.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL Everlube Esnalube 382 was assigned a medium toxicityrating based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Everlube Esnalube 382 was givena low exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Everlube Esnalube 382 Extreme Temperature ThreadLubricant. Administrative controls may be appropriate as well (e.g.,exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sources should beremoved from the area where Everlube Esnalube 382 is in use. PPE isrequired for worker health protection throughout the DFL applicationprocess, and must include protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses orgoggles and chemical resistant gloves). Approved emergency facilitiesshould be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fittedrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-15 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M CorporationEverlube Esnalube 382.


Table D-15. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationEverlube Esnalube 382 Extreme Temperature Thread Lubricant




D.2.16. Gleitmo 905 Water-Based MoS2 Solid Film Lubricant (Fuchs LubricantsCompany)

D.2.16.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Gleitmo 905 Water-Based MoS2 Solid FilmLubricant from Fuchs Lubricants Company is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Gleitmo 905 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofGleitmo 905 does not appear to result in the generation ofany hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Gleitmo 905 does notresult in the discharge of any regulated waste streams underthe CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents of Gleitmo 905are required to be listed on TRI reports under EPCRASection 313.




D.2.16.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low hazard rating is given to the alternative Gleitmo 905. Thisrating is based on the determination that Gleitmo 905 has a low exposurerating. It was not possible to assign a toxicity rating for this product. Thislow hazard rating indicates that an overall low ESOH concern is caused bythe worker exposure properties of this alternative. Worker exposurecontrols should be reviewed and implemented to protect the health andsafety of workers using Gleitmo 905 Water-Based MoS2 Solid FilmLubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effects for Gleitmo 905are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Gleitmo 905 include MoS2 and an inorganicbinder. For information on exposure limits and product composition seeAppendix C. No known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens,or neurotoxicants were identified in Gleitmo 905. Additional health effectsof the candidate DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Gleitmo 905may include, but may not be limited to, irritation of theupper respiratory tract, skin irritation with discomfort orrash, and irritation of the eyes with discomfort, tearing orblurring of vision.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Given the lack of published toxicity data, Gleitmo 905 was not assigned atoxicity rating. Based on PELs and TLVs, Gleitmo 905 was given a lowexposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Gleitmo 905 Water-Based MoS2 Solid Film Lubricant.Administrative controls may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure timelimits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed fromthe area where Gleitmo 905 is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., suitable gloves and goggles) and approvedemergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower,etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposure limits areto be exceeded.


Table D-16 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of Fuchs LubricantsCompany Gleitmo 905 Water-Based MoS2 Solid Film Lubricant.

Table D-16. ESOH Analysis of Fuchs Lubricants CompanyGleitmo 905 Water-Based MoS2 Solid Film Lubricant




D.2.17. GR-640 Dry Film Graphite Lubricant (Dixon Ticonderoga Co., Graphite &Lubricant Division)

D.2.17.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of GR-640 from Dixon Ticonderoga Companyis provided below.

• Air Emissions: GR-640 Dry Film Graphite Lubricantcontains one constituent that is listed as a HAP, xylene.The quantity of VOCs emitted by this DFL is unknown, butthe presence of xylene in the DFL makes it nearly certainthat some measurable quantity of VOCs will be emittedduring application of GR-640.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: One constituent ofGR-640 may generate waste sludge that must be disposedof as RCRA hazardous waste: xylene (hazardous wastenumbers F003 and U239).

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of GR-640 may result inthe discharge of a waste stream containing one regulated


compound: xylene. Xylene is designated a hazardoussubstance under CWA Section 311.

• Reporting Requirements: One constituent of GR-640,xylene, is required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This alternative containsxylene which is listed as a hazardous substance underCERCLA.



An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative GR-640. Thisrating is based on the determination that GR-640 has a medium toxicityrating and a medium exposure rating. A medium hazard rating indicatesthat an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicityand worker exposure properties of this alternative. Worker exposurecontrols should be reviewed and implemented to protect the health andsafety of workers using GR-640 Dry Film Graphite Lubricant.Constituents of concern and exposure effects for GR-640 are discussedbelow.

Constituents of concern in GR-640 include xylene and graphite. Forinformation on exposure limits and product composition see Appendix C.Xylene is a known human neurotoxicant. In addition, experimental animaldata have been observed for the following chemicals.

• Xylene and synthetic graphite, a compound virtuallyidentical to natural graphite, have been shown to beteratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for xylene.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, orneurotoxicants were identified in GR-640. Toxic effects for theconstituents of concern may range from irritation to motor activitychanges. Identified oral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicals ofconcern also indicate moderate toxicity. The lowest LD50 value identifiedwas an iv LD50 of 440 mg/kg for synthetic graphite. The inhalation LC50

for xylene is 5000 mg/m3 (four-hour exposure of rats). Additional healtheffects of the candidate DFL constituents are discussed below.


• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to GR-640 mayinclude, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyes, skinirritation and dermatitis, inhalation irritation, headaches,dizziness, anesthesia, motor activity changes and othercentral nervous system effects.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL GR-640 was assigned a medium toxicity rating based onpublished toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents. Basedon PELs and TLVs, GR-640 was given a medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using GR-640 Dry Film Graphite Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where GR-640is in use. PPE is required for worker health protection throughout the DFLapplication process, and must include protective clothing (e.g., splashgoggles or face shield, chemical resistant gloves and apron). Approvedemergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower,etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposure limits areto be exceeded. Table D-17 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of DixonTiconderoga Company GR-640 Dry Film Graphite Lubricant.

Table D-17. ESOH Analysis of Dixon Ticonderoga CompanyGR-640 Dry Film Graphite Lubricant




ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent. d The presence of xylene in this DFL makes it likely that some measurable quantity of

VOCs are emitted during application.


D.2.18. GW-330 Semi-Aqueous Graphite Lubricant (Dixon Ticonderoga Co.,Graphite & Lubricant Division)

D.2.18.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of GW-330 from Dixon Ticonderoga Companyis provided below.

• Air Emissions: GW-330 does not contain any constituentsthat are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use of GW-330does not appear to result in the generation of any hazardouswaste, solid waste sludge may result and must be disposedof properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of GW-330 does notresult in the discharge of any regulated waste streams underthe CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents of GW-330Semi-Aqueous Graphite Lubricant are required to be listedon TRI reports under EPCRA Section 313.



D.2.18.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative GW-330 Semi-Aqueous Graphite Lubricant. This rating is based on the determinationthat GW-330 has a medium toxicity rating and a medium exposure rating.A medium hazard rating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concernis caused by the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of thisalternative. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed andimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers using GW-330.Constituents of concern and exposure effects for GW-330 are discussedbelow. The constituent of concern in GW-330 is graphite. For information onexposure limits and product composition see Appendix C. Syntheticgraphite, a compound virtually identical to natural graphite, has beenshown to be a reproductive toxicant/teratogen in experimental animals. Noother known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, orneurotoxicants were identified in GW-330. The identified oral LD50 for thechemical of concern also indicates moderate toxicity. The LD50 valueidentified was an iv LD50 of 440 mg/kg for synthetic graphite. No LC50 for


a constituent of this DFL was found in the literature. Additional healtheffects of the candidate DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to GW-330 mayinclude, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyes andmucous membranes.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL GW-330 was assigned a medium toxicity rating based onpublished toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents. Basedon PELs and TLVs, GW-330 was given a medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using GW-330 Semi-Aqueous Graphite Lubricant. Administrativecontrols may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and jobsharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area whereGW-330 is in use. PPE is required for worker health protectionthroughout the DFL application process, and must include protectiveclothing (e.g., splash goggles or face shield, chemical resistant gloves andapron). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye washstation, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended ifexposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-18 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of DixonTiconderoga Company GW-330 Semi-Aqueous Graphite Lubricant.

Table D-18. ESOH Analysis of Dixon Ticonderoga CompanyGW-330 Semi-Aqueous Graphite Lubricant





D.2.19. LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant (LubeCon Systems, Inc.)

D.2.19.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant fromLubeCon Systems, Inc. is provided below.

• Air Emissions: LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant does notcontain any constituents that are listed as HAPs. The exactVOC content is not known, but the presence ofhydrocarbon solvents makes it nearly certain that ameasurable quantity of VOCs will be emitted duringapplication of the DFL.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use of LubeConSeries I/M Lubricant does not appear to result in thegeneration of any hazardous waste, solid waste sludge mayresult and must be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of LubeCon Series I/MLubricant may result in the discharge of a waste streamcontaining one regulated compound: a complex oxidationinhibitor, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, also known as butylatedhydroxytoluene or BHT. Under the CWA, BHT is listed asa pretreatment pollutant.

• Reporting Requirements: None of the constituents ofLubeCon Series I/M Lubricant are required to be listed onTRI reports under EPCRA Section 313.



D.2.19.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low to medium hazard rating is given to the alternativeLubeCon Series I/M Lubricant. This rating is based on the determinationthat LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant has a medium toxicity rating and a lowexposure rating. A low to medium hazard rating indicates that an overalllow to moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity andworker exposure properties of this alternative. Worker exposure controlsshould be reviewed and implemented to protect the health and safety ofworkers using LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant. Constituents of concern andexposure effects for LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant are discussed below.Constituents of concern in LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant include colloidalMoS2, two types of mineral oil, two fatty esters, and two complex


oxidation inhibitors. For information on exposure limits and productcomposition see Appendix C. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the candidate DFL.

• White mineral oil (CAS # 008042-47-5) and the oxidationinhibitor BHT (CAS # 009036-19-5) are suspected humancarcinogens.

• Both oxidation inhibitors (CAS # 000128-37-0 and 009036-19-5) are confirmed human genotoxicants.

In addition, BHT has been shown to be a teratogen and/or reproductivetoxicant in laboratory animals. No other known or suspected carcinogens,teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants were identified in LubeConSeries I/M Lubricant. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern mayrange from irritation to headaches. The identified oral LD50s for thechemicals of concern also indicate moderate toxicity. The lowest LD50

value identified was an oral LD50 of 650 mg/kg for BHT. No LC50 for aconstituent of this DFL was identified. Additional health effects of thecandidate DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to LubeConSeries I/M Lubricant may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the eyes and skin, nausea, headaches, anddifficulty breathing.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant was assigned a mediumtoxicity rating based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) ofindividual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, LubeCon Series I/MLubricant was given a low exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant. Administrative controls maybe appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, allignition sources should be removed from the area where LubeCon SeriesI/M Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker health protectionthroughout the DFL application process, and must include protectiveclothing. Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye washstation, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended ifexposure limits are to be exceeded.


Table D-19 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of LubeConSeries I/M Lubricant.

Table D-19. ESOH Analysis of LubeCon Series I/M Lubricant

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Low Hazard Ratingc Low to Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 0 Air Emissions – VOCs Yesd

Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 0 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 0 EPA 17 Constituents 0


ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent. d The presence of hydrocarbon solvents makes it nearly certain that a measurable

quantity of VOCs will be emitted during application.

D.2.20. Lube-Lok 22-T Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)

D.2.20.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Lube-Lok 22-T from E/M Corporation isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: Lube-Lok 22-T Solid Film Lubricant doesnot contain any constituents that are listed as HAPs orVOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofLube-Lok 22-T does not appear to result in the generationof any hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Lube-Lok 22-T doesnot result in the discharge of any regulated waste streamsunder the CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents ofLube-Lok 22-T are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313.




D.2.20.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative Lube-Lok 22-T.This rating is based on the determination that Lube-Lok 22-T has amedium toxicity rating and a low to medium exposure rating. A mediumhazard rating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is causedby the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using Lube-Lok 22-T Solid FilmLubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effects for Lube-Lok22-T are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Lube-Lok 22-T include MoS2 and graphite. Forinformation on exposure limits and product composition see Appendix C.Synthetic graphite, a compound virtually identical to natural graphite, hasbeen shown to be a reproductive toxicant/teratogen in experimentalanimals. No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens,or neurotoxicants were identified in Lube-Lok 22-T. Toxic effects for theconstituents of concern may range from irritation to pneumoconiosis.Identified LD50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate moderatetoxicity. The lowest LD50 value identified was an iv LD50 of 440 mg/kg forsynthetic graphite. No LC50 for a constituent of this DFL was found in theliterature. Additional health effects of the candidate DFL constituents arediscussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Lube-Lok 22-Tmay include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyeswith redness and blurred vision, skin irritation, inhalationirritation, gastrointestinal irritation, mucous membraneirritation, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.


Candidate DFL Lube-Lok 22-T was assigned a medium toxicity ratingbased on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Lube-Lok 22-T was given a lowto medium exposure rating.


Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Lube-Lok 22-T Solid Film Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where Lube-Lok 22-T is in use. PPE is required for worker health protectionthroughout the DFL application process, and must include protectiveclothing (e.g., safety glasses or goggles and chemical resistant gloves).Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station,shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposurelimits are to be exceeded. Table D-20 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 22-T Solid Film Lubricant.

Table D-20. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 22-T Solid Film Lubricant




D.2.21. Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)

D.2.21.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant fromE/M Corporation is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Lube-Lok 22-TG does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofLube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant does not appear to


result in the generation of any hazardous waste, solid wastesludge may result and must be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Lube-Lok 22-TG doesnot result in the discharge of any regulated waste streamsunder the CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents ofLube-Lok 22-TG are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313.



D.2.21.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternativeLube-Lok 22-TG. This rating is based on the determination thatLube-Lok 22-TG has a medium toxicity rating and a medium exposurerating. A medium hazard rating indicates that an overall moderate ESOHconcern is caused by the chemical toxicity and worker exposure propertiesof this alternative. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed andimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers usingLube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant. Constituents of concern andexposure effects for Lube-Lok 22-TG are discussed below. The constituent of concern in Lube-Lok 22-TG is graphite. Forinformation on exposure limits and product composition see Appendix C.Synthetic graphite, a compound virtually identical to natural graphite, hasbeen shown to be a reproductive toxicant/teratogen in experimentalanimals. No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens,or neurotoxicants were identified in Lube-Lok 22-TG. Toxic effects forthe constituent of concern may range from irritation to pneumoconiosis.The identified oral LD50 for the chemical of concern, an iv LD50 of 440mg/kg for synthetic graphite, also indicates moderate toxicity. No LC50 fora constituent of this DFL was identified. Additional health effects of thecandidate DFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure toLube-Lok 22-TG may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the eyes with redness and blurred vision, skinirritation, inhalation irritation, gastrointestinal irritation,mucous membrane irritation, nausea, vomiting, anddiarrhea.



Candidate DFL Lube-Lok 22-TG was assigned a medium toxicity ratingbased on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Lube-Lok 22-TG was given amedium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Lube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant. Administrativecontrols may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and jobsharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area whereLube-Lok 22-TG is in use. PPE is required for worker health protectionthroughout the DFL application process, and must include protectiveclothing (e.g., safety glasses or goggles and chemical resistant gloves).Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station,shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposurelimits are to be exceeded. Table D-21 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant.

Table D-21. ESOH Analysis for E/M CorporationLube-Lok 22-TG Solid Film Lubricant





D.2.22. Lube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)

D.2.22.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Lube-Lok 2306 from E/M Corporation isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: Lube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant doesnot contain any constituents that are listed as HAPs orVOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use of Lube-Lok 2306 does not appear to result in the generation of anyhazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result and must bedisposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Lube-Lok 2306 SolidFilm Lubricant does not result in the discharge of anyregulated waste streams under the CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents of Lube-Lok 2306 are required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313.



D.2.22.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall low to medium hazard rating is given to the alternative Lube-Lok 2306. This rating is based on the determination that Lube-Lok 2306has a medium toxicity rating and a low exposure rating. A low to mediumhazard rating indicates that an overall low to moderate ESOH concern iscaused by the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of thisalternative. Worker exposure controls should be reviewed andimplemented to protect the health and safety of workers using Lube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant. Constituents of concern and exposureeffects for Lube-Lok 2306 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Lube-Lok 2306 include MoS2 and sodiumsilicate, an inorganic silicate compound. For information on exposurelimits and product composition see Appendix C. No known or suspectedcarcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants were identified inLube-Lok 2306. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may rangefrom irritation to nausea and vomiting. The only LD50 or LC50 valueidentified was an oral LD50 of 1280 mg/kg for inorganic silicate compound,


indicating moderate toxicity. No LC50 for a constituent of this DFL wasfound in the literature. Additional health effects of the candidate DFLconstituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Lube-Lok 2306may include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyeswith redness and blurred vision, skin irritation anddermatitis, inhalation irritation, gastrointestinal irritation,nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL Lube-Lok 2306 was assigned a medium toxicity ratingbased on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Lube-Lok 2306 was given a lowexposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Lube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant. Administrative controlsmay be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing).Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area where Lube-Lok 2306 is in use. PPE is required for worker health protectionthroughout the DFL application process, and must include protectiveclothing (e.g., safety glasses or goggles and chemical resistant gloves).Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station,shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposurelimits are to be exceeded. Table D-22 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant.


Table D-22. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 2306 Solid Film Lubricant




D.2.23. Lube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) Lube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant is currently used by one of the participatingaircraft engine manufacturers, and is being evaluated by the entire group. Anoverall medium hazard rating is given to Lube-Lok 2396 Solid Film Lubricant. Aregulatory analysis of this product and a description of how this hazard rating wasassigned may be found in Appendix B.

D.2.24. Lube-Lok 7400 Ceramic Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation) Information about the ingredients of Lube-Lok 7400 Ceramic Solid Film Lubricantwas provided by the manufacturer for the purposes of the ESOH analysis, but isnot available for publishing.

D.2.24.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 7400 CeramicSolid Film Lubricant is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Lube-Lok 7400 contains one constituentthat is a HAP. In addition, Lube-Lok 7400 does not containany constituents that are listed as VOCs.


• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: At least twoconstituents of Lube-Lok 7400 may generate hazardouswaste.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use of Lube-Lok 7400 may result in a waste stream containing oneregulated chemical. An ingredient of Lube-Lok 7400 isdesignated under the CWA as a toxic and a prioritypollutant. In addition, effluent limitation guidelines havebeen developed for an ingredient of Lube-Lok 7400.

• Reporting Requirements: Two constituents of Lube-Lok 7400 are required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This DFL contains aconstituent which is listed as a hazardous substance underCERCLA.

• EPA 17: One of the constituents of the Lube-Lok 7400 isincluded on the EPA 17 list of chemicals targeted for strictregulation.

D.2.24.1. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium to high hazard rating is given to the alternative Lube-Lok 7400. This rating is based on a determination that Lube-Lok 7400 hasa medium toxicity rating and a medium to high exposure rating. This ratingindicates that an overall a moderate to high ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and properly implementedfor worker health and safety. Two ingredients of Lube-Lok 7400 have been shown to be reproductivetoxicants/teratogens in experimental animals. Animal mutation data existfor one constituent of Lube-Lok 7400. In addition, in this analysis,surrogates for two chemicals were considered, due to the lack oftoxicological data on the ingredients. One of these surrogate chemicals is aknown human neurotoxicant and genotoxicant and a suspected humancarcinogen, and the other surrogate has been shown to be a reproductivetoxicant/teratogen in experimental animals. No other known or suspectedcarcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants were identified inLube-Lok 7400. Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may rangefrom irritation to eosinophilia. Identified LD50s for the chemicals ofconcern also indicate a moderate level of toxicity. The lowest LD50 valueidentified for constituents of concern is an oral LD50 of 250 mg/kg. NoLC50 for a constituent of this DFL was found in the literature. Effects ofexposure to the constituents of Lube-Lok 7400 Ceramic Solid FilmLubricant are discussed below.


• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure may include, butmay not be limited to, asthma, skin irritation and rashes,nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal burning, and irritationof the eyes, skin and mucous membranes.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to sclerosis of bones, calcification ofligaments, mottled teeth, ostemalacia, pulmonary fibrosis,loss of weight, anorexia, anemia, and eosinophilia.

Candidate DFL Lube-Lok 7400 was assigned a medium toxicity ratingbased on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Lube-Lok 7400 Ceramic SolidFilm Lubricant was given a medium to high exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be usedduring the DFL application process and administrative controls may beappropriate (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignitionsources should be removed. Personal protective equipment is required forworker health protection throughout the DFL application process, andmust include protective clothing (e.g., eye protection and chemical resistantgloves), approved fitted respirators, and approved emergency facilities(e.g., eye wash station and shower). A summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M Corporation Lube-Lok 7400Ceramic Solid Film Lubricant is provided in Table D-23.

Table D-23. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationLube-Lok 7400 Ceramic Solid Film Lubricant

Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium to High Hazard Ratingc Medium to High Air Emissions – HAPs 1 Air Emissions – VOCs No Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 2 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 1 EPA 17 Constituents 1




D.2.25. McLube MoS2-108L Dry Film Lubricant (McGee IndustriesIncorporated)


A brief regulatory analysis of McLube MoS2-108L Dry Film Lubricantfrom McGee Industries is provided below.

• Air Emissions: McLube MoS2-108L does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs. While the exact VOCcontent of the DFL is unknown, the organic solvents inMcLube MoS2-108L will cause the emission of somemeasurable quantity of VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use of McLubeMoS2-108L Dry Film Lubricant does not appear to result inthe generation of any hazardous waste, solid waste sludgemay result and must be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of McLube MoS2-108Lmay result in the discharge of a waste stream containing oneregulated compound: n-butyl acetate. n-Butyl acetate isdesignated a hazardous substance under CWA Section 311.

• Reporting Requirements: None of the constituents ofMcLube MoS2-108L are required to be listed on TRIreports under EPCRA Section 313.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This alternative containsn-butyl acetate which is listed as a hazardous substanceunder CERCLA.


D.2.25.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative McLube MoS2-108L. This rating is based on the determination that McLube MoS2-108Lhas a medium toxicity rating and a medium exposure rating. A mediumhazard rating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is causedby the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using McLube MoS2-108L Dry FilmLubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effects for McLubeMoS2-108L are discussed below.


Constituents of concern in McLube MoS2-108L include MoS2, heptane,n-butyl acetate, ethyl alcohol, dimethyl ether, and carbon dioxide. Forinformation on exposure limits and product composition see Appendix C. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the candidate DFL.

• Ethyl alcohol is a confirmed human carcinogen.• Ethyl alcohol is a known human teratogen.• Ethyl alcohol is a confirmed human genotoxicant.• Ethyl alcohol and heptane are known human neurotoxicants.

In addition, carbon dioxide and n-butyl acetate have been shown to beteratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratory animals. No otherknown or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicantswere identified in McLube MoS2-108L. Toxic effects for the constituentsof concern may range from irritation to headaches. Identified oral LD50sand inhalation LC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate moderatetoxicity. The lowest LD50 and LC50 values identified were an oral LD50 of3450 mg/kg for ethyl alcohol and an inhalation LC50 of 2000 mg/m3 forn-butyl acetate. Additional health effects of the candidate DFLconstituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to McLubeMoS2-108L may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract; otherrespiratory and nasal effects; allergic reactions; sleepdisorders; hallucinations; distorted perceptions; convulsions;motor activity changes; nausea; vomiting; loss of appetite;and headaches.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to alcoholism.

Candidate DFL McLube MoS2-108L was assigned a medium toxicityrating based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, McLube MoS2-108L was given amedium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using McLube MoS2-108L Dry Film Lubricant. Administrativecontrols may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and jobsharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area whereMcLube MoS2-108L is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses) and approved emergency facilities


should be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fittedrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-24 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of McGee IndustriesMcLube MoS2-108L Dry Film Lubricant.

Table D-24. ESOH Analysis of McGee IndustriesMcLube MoS2-108L Dry Film Lubricant


Wastes Generated – Solid Unknown Wastes Generated – Hazardous No Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 0 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 1 EPA 17 Constituents 0


ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent. d The organic solvents in this DFL will emit some measurable quantity of VOCs.

D.2.26. McLube MoS2-900 Water-Based Dry Film Lubricant (McGee IndustriesIncorporated)

D.2.26.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of McLube MoS2-900 Water-Based Dry FilmLubricant from McGee Industries is provided below.

• Air Emissions: McLube MoS2-900 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use of McLubeMoS2-900 does not appear to result in the generation of anyhazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result and must bedisposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of McLube MoS2-900does not result in the discharge of any regulated wastestreams under the CWA.


• Reporting Requirements: No constituents of McLubeMoS2-900 are required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313.



D.2.26.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative McLube MoS2-900. This rating is based on the determination that McLube MoS2-900 hasa medium toxicity rating and a low to medium exposure rating. A mediumhazard rating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is causedby the chemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using McLube MoS2-900 Water-BasedDry Film Lubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effects forMcLube MoS2-900 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in McLube MoS2-900 include MoS2 and silicicacid, sodium salt. For information on exposure limits and productcomposition see Appendix C. No known or suspected carcinogens,teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants were identified in McLube MoS2-900. Identified oral LD50s for the chemicals of concern also indicatemoderate toxicity. The lowest LD50 value identified was an oral LD50 of1280 mg/kg for silicic acid, sodium salt. No LC50 for a constituent of thisDFL was found in the literature. Additional health effects of the candidateDFL constituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to McLubeMoS2-900 may include, but may not be limited to, irritationof the eyes and skin.

• Chronic Effects: No chronic effects were noted. Candidate DFL McLube MoS2-900 was assigned a medium toxicity ratingbased on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, McLube MoS2-900 was given alow to medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using McLube MoS2-900 Water-Based Dry Film Lubricant.Administrative controls may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure timelimits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed fromthe area where McLube MoS2-900 is in use. PPE is required for workerhealth protection throughout the DFL application process, and must


include protective clothing (e.g., safety glasses and rubber or plasticgloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye washstation, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended ifexposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-25 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of McGee IndustriesMcLube MoS2-900 Water-Based Dry Film Lubricant.

Table D-25. ESOH Analysis of McGee IndustriesMcLube MoS2-900 Water-Based Dry Film Lubricant




D.2.27. Perma-Slik C Air-Dry Bonded Solid Film Lubricant (E/MCorporation)


A brief regulatory analysis of Perma-Slik C from E/M Corporation isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: Perma-Slik C Air-Dry Bonded Solid FilmLubricant contains one constituent that is listed as a HAP,xylene. In addition, the liquid form of this DFL contains771 g/l VOCs. The VOC content of the aerosol form of theDFL is not available at this time.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: Two constituents ofPerma-Slik C may generate waste sludge that must bedisposed of as RCRA hazardous waste: xylene (hazardouswaste numbers F003 and U239) and acetone (F003 andU002).


• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Perma-Slik C mayresult in the discharge of a waste stream containing oneregulated chemical: xylene. Under CWA Section 311,xylene is designated a hazardous substance.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofPerma-Slik C are required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313: xylene and acetone.




An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative Perma-Slik C.This rating is based on the determination that Perma-Slik C has a mediumtoxicity rating and a medium exposure rating. A medium hazard ratingindicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemicaltoxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative. Workerexposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protect thehealth and safety of workers using Perma-Slik C Air-Dry Bonded SolidFilm Lubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effects for Perma-Slik C are discussed below.

Constituents of concern in Perma-Slik C include MoS2, acetone, xylene,and graphite. For information on exposure limits and product compositionsee Appendix C. Xylene and acetone are known human neurotoxicants. Inaddition, experimental animal data have been observed for the followingchemicals.

• Xylene, acetone, and synthetic graphite, a compoundvirtually identical to natural graphite, have been shown to beteratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for xylene. No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, orneurotoxicants were identified in Perma-Slik C. Identified oral LD50s andinhalation LC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate moderatetoxicity. The lowest LD50 and LC50 values identified for constituents ofconcern were an iv LD50 of 440 mg/kg for synthetic graphite and aninhalation LC50 of 5000 mg/m3 for xylene. Additional health effects of thecandidate DFL constituents are discussed below.


• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Perma-Slik Cmay include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyeswith redness, tearing, and blurred vision; skin irritation withdiscomfort or rash; irritation of the upper respiratory tract;dizziness, nausea, fatigue, headache, or unconsciousness;and gastrointestinal irritation, vomiting, and diarrhea.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to dermatitis.

Candidate DFL Perma-Slik C was assigned a medium toxicity rating basedon published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents.Based on PELs and TLVs, Perma-Slik C was given a medium exposurerating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Perma-Slik C Air-Dry Bonded Solid Film Lubricant.Administrative controls may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure timelimits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed fromthe area where Perma-Slik C is in use. PPE is required for worker healthprotection throughout the DFL application process, and must includeprotective clothing (e.g., safety glasses and rubber or plastic gloves).Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station,shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposurelimits are to be exceeded. Table D-26 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M CorporationPerma-Slik C Air-Dry Bonded Solid Film Lubricant.


Table D-26. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationPerma-Slik C Air-Dry Bonded Solid Film Lubricant




D.2.28. Perma-Slik S Air-Dry Solid Film Lubricant (E/M Corporation)

D.2.28.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Perma-Slik S from E/M Corporation isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: Perma-Slik S Air-Dry Solid Film Lubricantcontains one constituent that is listed as a HAP, xylene. Inaddition, the liquid form of this DFL contains 781 g/lVOCs. The VOC content of the aerosol form is notavailable at this time.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: Two constituents ofPerma-Slik S may generate waste sludge that must bedisposed of as RCRA hazardous waste: xylene (hazardouswaste numbers F003 and U239) and acetone (F003 andU002).

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Perma-Slik S mayresult in the discharge of a waste stream containing oneregulated compound: xylene. Under the CWA, xylene isdesignated a hazardous substance under CWA Section 311.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofPerma-Slik S are required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313: xylene and acetone.




D.2.28.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative Perma-Slik S.This rating is based on the determination that Perma-Slik S has a mediumtoxicity rating and a low to medium exposure rating. A medium hazardrating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using Perma-Slik S Air-Dry Solid FilmLubricant. Constituents of concern and exposure effects for Perma-Slik Sare discussed below. Constituents of concern in Perma-Slik S include acetone, xylene, andMoS2. For information on exposure limits and product composition seeAppendix C. Xylene and acetone are confirmed human neurotoxicants. Inaddition, experimental animal data have been observed for the followingchemicals.

• Xylene and acetone been shown to be teratogens and/orreproductive toxicants in laboratory animals.

• Animal mutation data exist for xylene.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, orneurotoxicants were identified in Perma-Slik S. Identified oral LD50s andinhalation LC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate moderatetoxicity. The lowest LD50 value identified was an oral LD50 of 3000 mg/kgfor acetone and the lowest inhalation LC50 identified was 5000 mg/m3 forxylene. Additional health effects of the candidate DFL constituents arediscussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Perma-Slik Smay include, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyeswith redness and blurred vision, skin irritation, dizziness,nausea, fatigue, headache, unconsciousness, gastrointestinalirritation, vomiting and diarrhea.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to dermatitis.


Candidate DFL Perma-Slik S was assigned a medium toxicity rating basedon published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents.Based on PELs and TLVs, Perma-Slik S was given a low to mediumexposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Perma-Slik S Air-Dry Solid Film Lubricant. Administrativecontrols may be appropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and jobsharing). Also, all ignition sources should be removed from the area wherePerma-Slik S is in use. PPE is required for worker health protectionthroughout the DFL application process, and must include protectiveclothing (e.g., safety glasses or goggles and chemical resistant gloves).Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station,shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposurelimits are to be exceeded. Table D-27 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of E/M CorporationPerma-Slik S Air-Dry Solid Film Lubricant.

Table D-27. ESOH Analysis of E/M CorporationPerma-Slik S Air-Dry Solid Film Lubricant





D.2.29. Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant (Permatex Industrial Division of LoctiteCorporation)

D.2.29.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant from PermatexIndustrial Division of Loctite Corporation is provided below.

• Air Emissions: Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant contains oneconstituent that is listed as a HAP, xylene. In addition, thisalternative contains 690 g/l VOCs (excluding federallyexempt solvents).

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: Two constituents ofPermatex Dry Moly Lubricant may generate waste sludgethat must be disposed of as RCRA hazardous waste: xylene(hazardous waste numbers F003 and U239) and acetone(F003 and U002).

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Permatex Dry MolyLubricant may result in the discharge of a waste streamcontaining one regulated compound: xylene. Xylene isdesignated a hazardous substance under CWA Section 311.

• Reporting Requirements: The following constituents ofPermatex Dry Moly Lubricant are required to be listed onTRI reports under EPCRA Section 313: xylene, acetone,and isopropyl alcohol.



D.2.29.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative Permatex DryMoly Lubricant. This rating is based on the determination that PermatexDry Moly Lubricant has a medium toxicity rating and a low to mediumexposure rating. A medium hazard rating indicates that an overallmoderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity and workerexposure properties of this alternative. Worker exposure controls shouldbe reviewed and implemented to protect the health and safety of workersusing Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant. Constituents of concern andexposure effects for Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant are discussed below.


Constituents of concern in Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant include MoS2,acetone, isopropyl alcohol, n-butane, propane, n-heptane, and xylene. Forinformation on exposure limits and product composition see Appendix C. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the candidate DFL.

• Isopropyl alcohol is a suspected human carcinogen.• Acetone, isopropyl alcohol, n-butane, propane, n-heptane,

and xylene are known human neurotoxicants.


• Acetone, isopropyl alcohol, and xylene have been shown tobe teratogens and/or reproductive toxicants in laboratoryanimals.

• Animal mutation data exist for isopropyl alcohol and xylene.

No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, orneurotoxicants were identified in Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant. Identifiedoral LD50s and inhalation LC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicatemoderate toxicity. The lowest LD50 value identified was an oral LD50 of3000 mg/kg for acetone and the lowest inhalation LC50 is 5000 mg/m3 forxylene. Additional health effects of the candidate DFL constituents arediscussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Permatex DryMoly Lubricant may include, but may not be limited to,irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory system; rednessand itching or burning sensations in the eye and skin; centralnervous system depression; headache; dizziness; nausea;loss of coordination; narcosis; anesthesia; and drowsiness.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to permanent brain and nervous systemdamage; adverse effects to liver, kidney, urinary andreproductive systems; and nasal effects. Changes incarbohydrate metabolism may also result.

Candidate DFL Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant was assigned a mediumtoxicity rating based on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) ofindividual constituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Permatex Dry MolyLubricant was given a low to medium exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant. Administrative controls may beappropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all


ignition sources should be removed from the area where Permatex DryMoly Lubricant is in use. PPE is required for worker health protectionthroughout the DFL application process, and must include protectiveclothing (e.g., safety glasses with nonperforated sideshields and chemicalresistant gloves). Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g.,eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators arerecommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-28 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of Permatex DryMoly Lubricant.

Table D-28. ESOH Analysis of Permatex Dry Moly Lubricant




D.2.30. SRA #1 (Surfaces Research) The manufacturer reports that SRA #1 contains no hazardous ingredients. Noother information about the constituents of candidate DFL SRA #1 is currentlyavailable.




D.2.33. Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A High Temperature Dry Film Lubricant(Hohman Plating & Mfg., Inc.) Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A High Temperature Dry Film Lubricant iscurrently used by one of the participating aircraft engine manufacturers, and isbeing evaluated by the entire group. An overall medium hazard rating is given toSurf-Kote LOB-1800-G Class A. A regulatory analysis of this product and adescription of how this hazard rating was assigned may be found in Appendix B.

D.2.34. Tiolube 29 (Tiodize Co., Inc.)

D.2.34.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Tiolube 29 from Tiodize Co. is providedbelow.

• Air Emissions: Tiolube 29 does not contain anyconstituents that are listed as HAPs or VOCs.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: While use ofTiolube 29 does not appear to result in the generation ofany hazardous waste, solid waste sludge may result andmust be disposed of properly.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of Tiolube 29 does notresult in the discharge of any regulated waste streams underthe CWA.

• Reporting Requirements: No constituents of Tiolube 29 arerequired to be listed on TRI reports under EPCRASection 313.




D.2.34.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative Tiolube 29.This rating is based on the determination that Tiolube 29 has a mediumtoxicity rating and a low to medium exposure rating. A medium hazardrating indicates that an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by thechemical toxicity and worker exposure properties of this alternative.Worker exposure controls should be reviewed and implemented to protectthe health and safety of workers using Tiolube 29. Constituents of concernand exposure effects for Tiolube 29 are discussed below. Constituents of concern in Tiolube 29 include MoS2, graphite, and sodiumsilicate. For information on exposure limits and product composition seeAppendix C. Synthetic graphite, a compound virtually identical to naturalgraphite, has been shown to be a reproductive toxicant/teratogen inexperimental animals. No other known or suspected carcinogens,teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants were identified in Tiolube 29.Toxic effects for the constituents of concern may range from irritation todrowsiness. Identified LD50s for the chemicals of concern also indicatemoderate toxicity. The lowest LD50 value identified was an iv LD50 of440 mg/kg for synthetic graphite. No LC50 for a constituent of this DFLwas found in the literature. Additional health effects of the candidate DFLconstituents are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to Tiolube 29 mayinclude, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyes andskin, irritation of mucous membranes, nausea, vomiting, anddiarrhea.


Candidate DFL Tiolube 29 was assigned a medium toxicity rating based onpublished toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents. Basedon PELs and TLVs, Tiolube 29 was given a low to medium exposurerating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Tiolube 29. Administrative controls may be appropriate as well


(e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignition sourcesshould be removed from the area where Tiolube 29 is in use. PPE isrequired for worker health protection throughout the DFL applicationprocess, and must include protective clothing (e.g., goggles and safetyglasses and chemical impermeable gloves). Approved emergency facilitiesshould be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fittedrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-29 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of Tiodize Co.Tiolube 29.

Table D-29. ESOH Analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 29




D.2.35. Tiolube 614-T9B (Tiodize Co., Inc.) Information about the ingredients of Tiolube 614-T9B was provided by themanufacturer for the purposes of the ESOH analysis, but is not available forpublishing.

D.2.35.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of Tiolube 614-T9B from Tiodize Co. isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: Tiolube 614-T9B contains two constituentsthat are HAPs. In addition, Tiolube 614-T9B emits ameasurable quantity of VOCs.


• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: Waste generated bythe use of Tiolube 614-T9B may be classified as RCRAhazardous waste.

• Wastewater Discharges: Under the CWA, the use ofTiolube 614-T9B may result in a regulated waste stream.

• Reporting Requirements: Three constituents ofTiolube 614-T9B are required to be listed on TRI reportsunder EPCRA Section 313.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This DFL contains oneconstituent which is listed as a hazardous substance underCERCLA.


D.2.35.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternativeTiolube 614-T9B. This rating is based on the determination thatTiolube 614-T9B has a medium toxicity rating and a medium to highexposure rating. A medium hazard rating indicates that an overallmoderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicity and workerexposure properties of this alternative. Worker exposure controls shouldbe reviewed and implemented to protect the health and safety of workersusing Tiolube 614-T9B. Four constituents of Tiolube 614-T9B are known human neurotoxicants.Two ingredients of Tiolube 614-T9B have been shown to be reproductivetoxicants/teratogens in experimental animals. No other known orsuspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, or neurotoxicants wereidentified in Tiolube 614-T9B. Toxic effects for the constituents ofconcern may range from irritation to male sterility. Identified LD50s andinhalation LC50s for the chemicals of concern also indicate a moderate levelof toxicity. The lowest LD50 and LC50 values identified for ingredients ofTiolube 614-T9B are a subcutaneous LD50 of 266 mg/kg and an inhalationLC50 of 1820 parts per million (ppm). Some possible effects of exposure tothe ingredients of Tiolube 614-T9B are discussed below.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure toTiolube 614-T9B may include, but may not be limited to,corrosive burning of the eyes, coughing, loss of appetite,nausea, burning and itching of eyes and skin, vomiting,diarrhea, abdominal burning and cramps, and irritation ofthe eyes, skin, and respiratory tract.


• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to bronchitis, pneumoconiosis,dermatitis, skin lesions, anorexia, nausea, central nervoussystem depression, anemia, deficient lactation, male sterility,osteoporosis, and bone joint abnormalities.

Candidate DFL Tiolube 614-T9B was assigned a medium toxicity ratingbased on published toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individualconstituents. Based on PELs and TLVs, Tiolube 614-T9B was given amedium to high exposure rating. Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using Tiolube 614-T9B. Administrative controls may be appropriateas well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, all ignitionsources should be removed from the area where Tiolube 614-T9B is in use.PPE is required for worker health protection throughout the DFLapplication process, and must include protective clothing (e.g., safetyglasses or goggles and impervious gloves). Approved emergency facilitiesshould be present (e.g., eye wash station, shower, etc.). Approved fittedrespirators are recommended if exposure limits are to be exceeded. Table D-30 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of Tiodize Co.Tiolube 614-T9B.

Table D-30. ESOH Analysis of Tiodize Co. Tiolube 614-T9B

Category Rating Toxicity Ratinga Medium Exposure Ratingb Medium to High Hazard Ratingc Medium Air Emissions – HAPs 2 Air Emissions – VOCs Yes Wastes Generated – Solid Yes Wastes Generated – Hazardous Yes Regulated Wastewaters Yes TRI Reporting 3 CERCLA Hazardous Substances 1 EPA 17 Constituents 0


ratings of the individual constituents and the relative quantities of each constituent.D.2.36. Tiolube K14-T9B (Tiodize Co., Inc.)

Information about the ingredients of Tiolube K14-T9B from Tiodize Company isnot currently available.


D.2.37. X-204 Solid Film Lubricant (Fel-Pro® Chemical Products L.P.)

D.2.37.1. Environmental Issues A brief regulatory analysis of X-204 from Fel-Pro Chemical Products isprovided below.

• Air Emissions: X-204 Solid Film Lubricant contains oneconstituent that is listed as a HAP, xylene. VOCs arepresent in this alternative.

• Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation: One constituent ofX-204 generates waste sludge that must be disposed of asRCRA hazardous waste: xylene (hazardous waste numbersF003 and U239). Also, due to its ignitability, thisalternative may generate waste that must be disposed of ashazardous waste number D001.

• Wastewater Discharges: The use of X-204 results in thedischarge of a waste stream containing one regulatedcompound: xylene. Xylene is designated a hazardoussubstance under CWA Section 311.

• Reporting Requirements: One constituent of X-204,xylene, is required to be listed on TRI reports underEPCRA Section 313.

• CERCLA Hazardous Substances: This alternative containsxylene which is listed as a hazardous substance underCERCLA.


D.2.37.2. Safety and Occupational Health Issues An overall medium hazard rating is given to the alternative X-204. Thisrating is based on the determination that X-204 has a medium toxicityrating and a medium exposure rating. A medium hazard rating indicatesthat an overall moderate ESOH concern is caused by the chemical toxicityand worker exposure properties of this alternative. Worker exposurecontrols should be reviewed and implemented to protect the health andsafety of workers using X-204 Solid Film Lubricant. Constituents ofconcern and exposure effects for X-204 are discussed below.


Constituents of concern in X-204 include calcium fluoride, graphite, silicondioxide (quartz), xylene, and MoS2. For information on exposure limitsand product composition see Appendix C. The following known or suspected human carcinogens, teratogens,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants were identified in the candidate DFL.

• Quartz is a suspected human carcinogen.• Xylene is a known human neurotoxicant.


• Calcium fluoride, xylene, and synthetic graphite, acompound virtually identical to natural graphite, have beenshown to be teratogens and/or reproductive toxicants inlaboratory animals.

• Animal mutation data exist for calcium fluoride and xylene. No other known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, orneurotoxicants were identified in X-204. Toxic effects for the constituentsof concern may range from irritation to drowsiness. Identified oral LD50sfor the chemicals of concern also indicate moderate toxicity. The lowestLD50 value identified was an iv LD50 of 440 mg/kg for synthetic graphite.No LC50 for a constituent of this DFL was found in the literature.Additional health effects of the candidate DFL constituents are discussedbelow.

• Acute Effects: Acute effects of exposure to X-204 mayinclude, but may not be limited to, irritation of the eyes,headaches, motor activity changes, nausea, vomiting,diarrhea, and injury to lung, liver or kidneys.

• Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact and/orinhalation may lead to anemia, injury to red blood cells, liverabnormalities, kidney damage, injury to the central nervoussystem, pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, andpneumoconiosis. Preexisting pulmonary and dermatologicaldisorders may also be aggravated.

Candidate DFL X-204 was assigned a medium toxicity rating based onpublished toxicity data (LD50s and LC50s) of individual constituents. Basedon PELs and TLVs, X-204 was given a medium exposure rating.

Appropriate engineering controls (e.g., local ventilation) must be employedwhile using X-204 Solid Film Lubricant. Administrative controls may beappropriate as well (e.g., exposure time limits and job sharing). Also, allignition sources should be removed from the area where X-204 is in use.


PPE is required for worker health protection throughout the DFLapplication process, and must include protective clothing (e.g., chemicalsplash goggles and Teflon, Viton, or polyvinyl alcohol [PVA] gloves).Approved emergency facilities should be present (e.g., eye wash station,shower, etc.). Approved fitted respirators are recommended if exposurelimits are to be exceeded.

Table D-31 contains a summary of the ESOH analysis of Fel-Pro ChemicalProducts X-204 Solid Film Lubricant.

Table D-31. ESOH Analysis of Fel-Pro Chemical ProductsX-204 Solid Film Lubricant

Category RatingToxicity Ratinga MediumExposure Ratingb MediumHazard Ratingc MediumAir Emissions – HAPs 1Air Emissions – VOCs YesWastes Generated – Solid YesWastes Generated – Hazardous YesRegulated Wastewaters YesTRI Reporting 1CERCLA Hazardous Substances 1EPA 17 Constituents 1




D.3. PRODUCT RANKING BASED ON SAFETY AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTHCRITERIA

Each product (or combination of products used together) was scored based on thepresence of known or suspected carcinogens, teratogens/reproductive toxicants,genotoxicants, and neurotoxicants. These categories are described in greater detail inSection D.1 of this PAR. In each of these categories, a confirmed human toxicant orcarcinogen was given a score of 4 to indicate the most concern caused. A suspectedhuman toxicant or carcinogen was given a score of 2 to indicate the significantly lowerlevel of concern caused. If only animal data (no human data) for the toxic or carcinogeniceffect under consideration exist, the product was given a score of 1. In the absence ofdocumentation of toxicity or carcinogenic, a product was given a score of 0.

Products were also scored based on their toxicity rating and exposure rating. Aspreviously explained, exposure rating is based on OSHA PELs and ACGIH TLVs andtoxicity rating is based on LD50s and LC50s of the components. Toxicity ratings andexposure ratings of low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, and high wereconverted to numerical scores of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.

For each product, the scores for the individual criteria were summed, and this total wasused to rank the products relative to each other. These scores are presented inTable D-32. The possible range of total scores is from 0 to 24, with high values indicatinggreater hazard.

This type of analysis works best when the quality and quantity of information about theproducts is similar. For example, the presence of a large number of proprietarycompounds for which little or no data are available (e.g., LD50s, TLVs) may result in aproduct being given a low numerical score only due to the lack of information to thecontrary.

The regulatory impacts of process alternatives are not easily compared, because it isimpossible to say that a process that emits a hazardous waste sludge is any more or lessdesirable than a process that emits a HAP. Therefore, it is not possible to categorize eachof the alternatives based on some type of regulatory rating system. However, analternative that has few regulated constituents will clearly be preferable to one that hasmany regulated constituents, so the extent to which an alternative is regulated should beconsidered as an element of the analysis process.


Table D-32. Ranking of Baseline and Viable Alternative Dry Film LubricantsBased on Safety and Occupational Health Criteria

Producta Scoreb Producta Scoreb

Alseal 333 0 GR-640 10Alseal 380 0 Perma-Slik C 10AMLUBE 580 0 Tiolube 614-T9B 10AMLUBE 582 0 0200 Dry Moly Lube 11Gleitmo 905 0 Lube-Lok 2006 RTA 11Molykote X-15 0 Permatex Dry MolyEverlube 812 2 Lubricant 11Everlube Esnalube 382 2 Zip-Chem D-5460 Moly Dri-Lube-Lok 2306 2 Lube 11Drilube #805N 3 Dag 213 12McLube MoS2 -900 3 Tiolube 460 12Alseal 360 4 X-204 12AMLUBE 555 4 Molydag 254 13Lube-Lok 22-T 4 Tiolube 70 13Lube-Lok 2396c 4 Everlube 9002 14Tiolube 29 4 Perma-Slik G 14E/M-1380B 5 C-200 15Everlube 811 5 Drilube No. 6A 15GW-330 5 Lube-Lok 99A (withLube-Lok 22-TG 5 Dioxane)d 15RJ143 5 Lube-Lok 7400 16Surf-Kote LOB-1800-G Xylan® 1053/399A 17Class Ac 5 Lube-Lok 99A (with 6600Everlube 380D 6 Solvent)d 18Tiolube 75/75 6 McLube MoS2-108L 20DOW CORNING 321c 8 Everlube 620C 20Alseal 311 9 Molykote® 3400A 20LubeCon Series I/M Surf-Kote A-1625 20Lubricant 9 K0548 Graphite Varnish 21Perma-Slik S 9 Ecoalube® 642 22

Low numerical score indicates relatively low health and safety concerns.a Italics indicates baseline products.b Using best professional judgment, toxicity ratings which could not be evaluated for some products

were set equal to the exposure rating.c These products that are “baseline” products for certain applications are being considered as

“alternatives” for other applications.d Lube-Lok 99A with 6600 Solvent as the diluent and with dioxane as the diluent are considered to

be two separate baseline products.Note: SRA #1, SRA #2, SRA #3, Tiolube K14-T9B and Tiolube 660-1 are not represented in this table

because detailed information on the ESOH characteristics of these DFLs is not available.

APPENDIX E

REFERENCES

Potential Alternatives Report E-1

• American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Documentation ofthe Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Vols. I-III.Cincinnati, OH. 1991.

• ACGIH. Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of Recommended Practice. 22nd ed.Cincinnati, OH. 1995.

• ACGIH. 1996 TLVs and BEIs. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances andPhysical Agents. Biological Exposure Indices. Second Printing. Cincinnati, OH. 1996.

• Lewis, Richard J., Sr. Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Vols.I-III. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York. 1996.

• MDL Information Systems Inc. OHS MSDS on Disk. January 1996.• National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). NIOSH Pocket Guide to

Chemical Hazards. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. 1994.• Naval Air Systems Command. Military Specification. Anodic Coatings for Aluminum

and Aluminum Alloys (MIL-A-8625F). September 10, 1993.• Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division. Military Specification. Finishes, Coatings,

and Sealants for the Protection of Aerospace Weapons Systems (MIL-F-7179G).Patuxent River, MD. April 14, 1993.

• Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division. Military Specification. Lubricant, SolidFilm, Air-Cured, Corrosion Inhibiting, NATO Code Number S-749 (MIL-L-23398E).Amendment 2. Patuxent River, MD. January 18, 1994.

• Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division. Military Specification. Lubricant, SolidFilm, Extreme Environment, NATO Code Number S-1737, Metric (MIL-L-81329C).Amendment 1. Patuxent River, MD. January 12, 1994.

• Society of Automotive Engineers. Aerospace Standard. Lubricant, Solid Dry Film.Revision A. Warrendale, PA. January 1996.

• U.S. Army ARDEC. Military Specification. Phosphate Coatings, Heavy, Manganese orZinc Base (for Ferrous Metals) (DOD-P-16232F). Amendment 1. September 9, 1992.

• U.S. Army Mobility Technology Center. Military Specification. Lubricant, Solid Film,Air Cured (Corrosion Inhibiting) (MIL-L-46147B). Fort Belvoir, VA. December 2,1994.

• U.S. Army Mobility Technology Center. Military Specification. Lubricant, Solid Film,Heat Cured, Corrosion Inhibiting (MIL-L-0046010E). Fort Belvoir, VA. April 11, 1997.

• U.S. Army Rock Island Arsenal. Military Specification. Lubricant, Solid Film: HeatCured (Temperature Range 125° to 250°F (51.8° to 121°C)) Corrosion Inhibiting(MIL-L-45983). Rock Island, IL. August 31, 1976.

• U.S. EPA. “EPA’s 33/50 Program Fifth Progress Update.”• 29 CFR 1910.1052.• 40 CFR part 261 et seq.• 40 CFR part 400 et seq.• 40 CFR part 129 et seq.• 40 CFR part 302 et seq.• 40 CFR §51.100.• 42 USC §7671.• 42 USC §7412(b).• 42 USC §11023.

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