EngineeringHistory

Questions To Consider

When did engineering begin?

Who were the first engineers?

What were the first engineering

designs?

The Beginnings of Engineering: 6000 - 3000 B.C.

Change from nomadic life (hunter - gatherers)

The Agrarian Society (agriculture) build permanent

houses in community group

6000 - 3000 B.C.Early Achievements in this Era

Methods of producing fire at will

Melting certain rocklike materials to produce copper and bronze tools

Development of a system of symbols for written communications

The Beginning of Engineering:6000 - 3000 B.C.

Major Engineering Projects or Inventions

Irrigation systems to promote crop growth

Animal-, water-, and wind-driven gristmills

The wheel and axle Plow Yoke

Engineering in Early Civilizations:3000 -600 B.C.

Babylonian engineers:Primitive arches Bridges were built with stone piers carrying wooden stringers

Roads were surfaced with a naturally occurring asphalt, a construction system not used again until the nineteenth century

Engineering in Early Civilizations:3000 -600 B.C.

Egyptian Engineers Pyramid Age - 2900 B.C

and lasts 1000 years2,300,000 building stones (2.5 tons each) used to build the Great Pyramid of Cheops

Outstanding examples of engineering skills in land measurement and building layout -transit and level

Science of the Greeks and Romans: 600 B.C. - 400 A.D.

Engineering in Greece:

Archimedes water screwCrossbowCatapult

Science of the Greeks and Romans: 600 B.C. - 400 A.D.

Roman Engineering

Steam turbine Hydraulic clock

Science of the Greeks and Romans: 600 B.C. - 400 A.D.

Roman Engineering

Roman road systems- subbase, compact base, topcoat 180,000 miles

Aqueducts for water supply

Sanitary systems

Engineering in the Middle Ages: 1st to 16th Centuries

Sugar refining, soap making, and perfume distilling became part of the culture

Chinese were developing clocks, astronomical instruments, the loom, spinning wheel, and gunpowder.

Engineering in the Middle Ages: 1st to 16th Centuries

Johann Gutenburg - movable type produced the first books printed on paper

Engineering in the Middle Ages: 1st to 16th Centuries

Sketches of future engineering devices such as: Machine Gun Helicopter Drawbridge Breach-loading

Cannon Tanks

Beginnings of Modern Science: 19th Century

James Watt refines and produces an efficient steam engine

20th Century Technology

Henry Ford - Builds and sells automobiles and mass production emerges

Orville & Wilbur Wright develop powered aircraft

20th Century Technology

John Brainerd , at the University of Pennsylvania’s Moore School of Engineering develop the first computer called the “ENIAC”. It weighted over 30 tons and occupied over 1500 square feet.

20th Century Technology

Boeing Airplane Company develop the Boeing 707 capable of transporting 180 passengers at speeds of 600 mph

20th Century Technology

Theodore Maiman produces the first working laser which has mushroomed to encompass surgeons, transmit telephone calls, track storms, to checkout in supermarkets, to weld steel, to cut fabric and to produce holograms

21st Century

Implementation of more nanotechnology.