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Engineering School of São Carlos – EESC - USP
PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF A DOUBLE-SENSOR CAPACITIVE PROBE FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF IN-SITU VOLUMETRIC FRACTION IN OIL, WATER
AND AIR FLOWS
Marcelo Souza de CastroIsrael F dos Santos AlmeidaProf Dr Oscar M H RodriguezProf. Dr. Oscar M. H. Rodriguez.
O tliOutline
Introduction;Setup;Setup;Results;
Static calibration;Static calibration;Dynamic measurements;Dynamic measurements of volumetric fraction in slug flow;
Three-phase conditions;Conclusion.R fReferences
2
Introduction
Measurement of in-situ volumetric fraction with:Low operational cost;Reliable response.
Non-intrusive techniques;Capacitive sensors;p ;Gas-liquid, liquid-liquid flows;Gas liquid liquid flowGas-liquid-liquid flow.
3
SetupT li f d iTest line for dynamic tests.
4Schematic view of the setup
SetupCapacitive sensors.
5
Configurations of the sensors: parallel plates, rings and helix.
SetupTransducer Circuit.
6
Transducer circuit with bridge of capacitors and sources of tension designed and assembled at NETeF.
ResultsResultsS i lib iStatic calibration.
Setup #1p
7
R ltResultsStatic calibrationStatic calibration.
1002 3
Sensor de Hélices n0 2Helix sensor nº 2
70
80
90αω
=2,577+0,282 C-0,003 C2+1,828E-5 C3
%)
50
60
70
de Á
gua
(%)
Frac
tion
(%
20
30
40
Fraç
ão d
Wat
er F
0
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2012
8Water fraction as a function of capacitive reading
Capacitância (F x 10-12)Capacitance
ResultsResultsDynamic measurement
Setup #2
9
ResultsResultsDynamic measurementDynamic measurement
Static X Dynamic data (H2)
0 8
1.0 Static calibration curve Stratified Flow Annular FlowBubbles Flow
0.6
0.8 Regretion curveof static points
Bubbles Flow
ctio
n (%
) Regression curve
of static points
0.4
Wat
er fr
ac
0.0
0.2
10Comparative graph with diverse air-water flow patterns: helix sensor nº2.
0 1 2 3 4 5Tension (volts)
ResultsResultsDynamic measurements of volumetric fraction in slug flow.y g
Sinal PistonadoSlug Flow Signal
2,5x10-11
3,0x10-11
1,5x10-11
2,0x10-11
ânci
a (F
)an
ce (F
)
0 10-12
1,0x10-11
Cap
acitâ
Cap
acita
0 1600 3200 4800 6400 8000 9600 11200 12800 14400 160000,0
5,0x10-12
T d A i i ã ( )A i iti Ti ( )
11Extracted signal of slug flow with rings sensor nº2.
Tempo de Aquisição (ms)Acquisition Time (ms)
ResultsResultsDynamic measurements of volumetric fraction in slug y gflow.
100 Rings Sensor (A2)
80
90 Quick-Closing-Valves TechniqueProble
50
60
70
ctio
n (%
)
30
40
Wat
er fr
ac
0
10
20
W
12Comparative graph for slug flow pattern using rings sensor nº2.
2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.50
Tension (Volts)
Results
Static measurement in three-phase condition.
w anA B C a VD E F V
o heD E F . a V
1 1 1 a 1
= a1 1 1 a 1
System of equations
13
System of equations.
ResultsStatic measurement in three-phase condition.
Water Fraction (%) Air Fraction (%) Oil Fraction (%)Rings sensor
capacitance (pF)
Helix sensor capacitance
(pF)20 60 20 7,07998 9,02017
30 50 20 7,35967 9,16232
30 40 30 7,45001 9,2699830 40 30 7,45001 9,26998
30 30 40 7,55078 9,38412
40 20 40 7,82519 9,52667
Fluid fractions in the static three-phase tests.
14
Results
Static measurement in three-phase condition.
9,08943 7,30088 6,34533 a C w an
o he
9,08943 7,30088 6,34533 a C9,93837 9,62187 8,51287 . a C
=
a1 1 1 a 1
Final model
15
Final model.
Conclusion
Usage of double-helix and rings sensors geometries;Flow pattern dependent method;Flow pattern dependent method;Model for volumetric fraction measurement i th h flin three-phase flow.
16
ReferencesAlmeida, I. F. S. ; Castro, M. S. ; Rrodriguez, O. M. H. . Non-intrusive Capacitive Probe For Measurement of In-situ Volumetric Fraction in Water-oil and Water-air Flows. In: 18th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering - COBEM-2005, 2005, Ouro Preto. Proceedings of the COBEM 2005, 2005. Al id I F S (2006) P ti St d f N i t i D bl C iti P b f IAlmeida, I. F.S. (2006), Prospective Study of a Non-intrusive Double-sensor Capacitive Probe for In-situ Volumetric Fraction Measurements in Oil-water-air Flows, 2006, 162 p. Dissertation Master’s Degree, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2006.Baxter, L.K. (1997), “Capacitive sensors: design and applications”. New York: IEEE.Chun, M.H. and Sung, C.K. (1986). Parametric effects on the void measurement by capacitanceChun, M.H. and Sung, C.K. (1986). Parametric effects on the void measurement by capacitance transducer. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, Oxford, v.12, n.4, p.627-640, July/Aug.Hammer, E.A.; Tollefsen, J. and Olsvik, K. (1989). Capacitance transducers for non-intrusive measurement of water in crude oil. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, New York, v.1, n.1, p.51-58, Oct.H S M t l (1988) El t i t d f i d t i l t f l lHuang, S.M. et al. (1988). Electronic transducer for industrial measurement of low value capacitances. Journal of Physics E - scientific instruments, Bristol, v.21, n.3, p.242-250, Mar.Reis, E. (2003), “Study of pressure drop and phases distribution of the horizontal air–water slug flow in pipelines with “T” branch arms”. Ph.D.Thesis – University of Campinas, Campinas, 2003. Reis, E. and Goldstein, L. (2005), “A procedure for correcting for the effect of fluid flow temperatureReis, E. and Goldstein, L. (2005), A procedure for correcting for the effect of fluid flow temperature variation on the response of capacitive void fraction meters”. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, New York, v.16, n.4, p.267-274, Aug.Tollefsen, J. and Hammer, E.A. (1998), “Capacitance sensor design for reducing errors in phase concentration measurements”. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, New York, v.9, n.1, p.25-32, Mar
17
Mar.
Acknowledgement
FAPESPCNPqCNPq
Thanks for theThanks for the attention!attention!
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