República Bolivariana de Venezuelaministerio del poder popular para la educación

Instituto universitario politécnico “Santiago Mariño”Mérida - estado Mérida

Michelle Contreras MI.C 25727233

chemical EngineeringSchool 49

By convention, when working with acidic species, the equilibrium constant for this species is called acidity constant and Ka is

designated; and when working with a basic species, the equilibrium constant is called basicity constant Kb

expressing the ion balance

is a special type of chemical equilibrium, characterized by the

presence of chemical species in aqueous solution, which produce

species which produce ions in solution are known electrolytes

loads

classifying the properties of aqueous solutions

Their physical properties depend on its concentration.

Its components are separated by phase changes such as melting, evaporation, condensation, etc.

The amount of solute and the amount of solvent in proportions varying between certain limits.

identify the different acid-base theories

Theory of Acids and Bases Svante Arrhenius

He defined acids and chemicals that contain hydrogen, dissolved in water and produce a

concentration of hydrogen ions or protons, greater

than that in pure water.

Theory of Acids and Bases Bronsted - Lowry

Definitions Bronsted - Lowry are

A Bronsted acid - Lowry is a proton donor, for donating a hydrogen ion, H +

A Bronsted basis - Lowry is a proton, then accepts a hydrogen ion, H

the definitions for acids and bases are:

A Lewis acid is a substance capable of accepting (and share) an electron pair.

A Lewis acid is a substance capable of donating (and share) an electron pair.

Theory of Acids and Bases Gilbert

Newton Lewis

consider determining the difference in pH and the strength of an electrolyte

Solutes which when dissolved in water forms a solution that conducts electricity. Electrolytes in turn can be strong

when fully dissociated, and weak when they are

partially ionized.

Example: Hydrochloric acid, HCl is a strong

electrolyte.

Acetic acid, CH3COOH, is a weak electrolyte.

The pH of a solution is, therefore, a measure of

hydrogen ion concentration in said solution