English for telecommunication.pdf

7/24/2019 English for telecommunication.pdf

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DRW - STTH

ENGLISH FOR

TELECOMMUNIC TION

ENGINEERING


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COMMUNICATION SATELLITES

The most modern and quickest way of sending information around the

world is by communication satellite.The first communication satellite wa named Early Birdand was launced

in the 1960s. Since then, many more communication satellites have gone into

orbit around the earth.

All comminication satellites orbit the Earth, above the equator, at a height

of 35. 900 kilometres. At this height the satellite, acted on by gravity, will take 24

hours to go around the earth and hence, will be considered geostationary i.e. it

will remain in the same position in the sky relative to the ground.

Communication satellites receive radio signals from ground station and

pass them onto other ground station where they are relayed by microwave links

to a communication tower and onto telephone exchange, radio and television

stations. In this way, telephone calls and TV programmes may be sent around the

world.

Exercise 1

Answer these questions!

1.

What is Early Bird?

2. How do the communication satellites work?

3. What do you mean by the word in this way?

4. Give the definition of communication by your own words

Exercise 2

Find out the similar meanings from the text

1. Called = 5. Trade =

2.

News = 6. Fast =

3. Performed = 7. Place =

4. Telephone = 8. Top =


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THE TELEPHONE

The first telephone was invented in 1876. Speech transmission in thosedays was limited to a distance of a few miles and the construction of the first

telephone was simple. A wire with a ground provided the connection. The main

parts were a transmitter and a receiver. Sound waves struck the diaphragm and

caused it to vibrate. The vibration of the diaphragm changed the magnetic field,

inducing electric waves of varying voltage and current. These waves passed to the

distant telephone where the changes produced in the magnetic field caused the

diaphragm to reproduce the original sound.

Later development of the telephone changed its construction, it became

more complex. Transmitters and receivers were separated. Auxiliary elements

were used in its circuit to provide for better transmission of speech. The need to

connect any two of a large number of telephone sets led to the development of a

switchboard in 1878. The advantage of a central switching office with a

switchboard was very great.

In 1889 telephone sets were interconnected automatically. Further

development improved the switching system and more telephone constructions

were used. The number of telephones to be interconnected increased and large

cities needed more switchboard offices. Therefore the interconnection problem

was of great importance. Central offices grew in number.

Transmitter

When speaking over the telephone, we speak into the microphone or

transmitter. The transmission of sounds over a distance is the transmission of

oscillations. The frequency of the transmitted oscillations must be constant. The

microphone or transmitter consists of microphone housing, carbon chamber,

carbon diaphragm, carbon granules, insulating spacer, and conductor. The

current passes through the diaphragm, carbon chamber and carbon granules.

The sound pressure on the diaphragm varies the pressure on the granules of

carbon. These granules either make more contacts and decrease the resistance of


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reproduced. In the apparatus optical devices begin rotating and picking up

reflected light which passes through a filter. This is how the apparatus works.

ExerciseAnswer the following questions

1. By what means is speech transmitted over a distance?

2. By what means are electric waves carried over a distance?

3. By what means are two telephone sets connected?

4. What parts does a telephone set include?

5. What parts does a receiver include?

6. What parts are linked to a common circuit?

7. What is the transmission of oscillations?

8. How many parts does the transmitter consist of?

9. What parts does current pass through?

10. What units serve as protection device?

Exercise

Look at the picure below and give the meaning for every yellow words


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Exercise

Study this diagram of a mobile phone

1. Power Key 12. ________________

2. ________________ 13. ________________

3. ________________ 14. ________________

4. ________________ 15. ________________

5. ________________ 16. ________________

6. ________________ 17. ________________

7. ________________ 18. ________________

8. ________________ 19. ________________

9. ________________ 20. ________________

10. _______________ 21. ________________

11. _______________


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SIMPLE PAST TENSE VS PAST CONTINUOUS

Simple past tense

We use the simple past to describe things that happened in the past and finished

at a specific time.

Example: He started the company in 1969.

They didnt make a profit in the first year.

Did she work there in 1975?

We often use a time reference which refers to the finished event. E.g. yesterday,

last week, last night, three years ago, in 1969, in the first year.

Form

verb stem + ed

Positive and Negative

I/ you/ she/ he/ it/ we/

they

Arrived Didnt arrive

Question

Did I/ you/ she/ he/ it/ we/ they Arrive?

The verb to be

Positive and Negative

I/ he/ she Was Was not/ wasnt

You/ they/ we Were Were not/ werent

Past continuous

Use

We use the past continuous to talk about:

Things which were happening at the time of speaking.


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Example: I was trying to call Geoff Peters.

He wasnt working today.

Form

be + ______ ing

Exercise

The State Bank

This morning at 8:33, someone (rob) the State Bank downtown. The thief

(enter) the bank while he (threaten) that he (want) all their money. The thief

(smile) but (look) very tired while the tellers (look) worried. The thief (receive) the

money he (request), when people in the bank (start) to scream. He (leave) the

bank. He (dash) down the street and (go) away in a red car that rattled, squeaked

and smoked when the police (arrive). They hurried and chased the thief down the

street when the neighbors (come) near the scene. They (search) and questioned

bystanders, but the thief vanished. The police (fail) to catch him. Investigators

abandoned the case while they (neglecte) to do anything else. The money was

never recovered while the thief (start) to think about the easy fortune obtained.


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COMPUTER

Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as input

from the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions(called program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use.

It can process both numerical and non-numerical (arithmetic and logical)

calculations.

A program is a sequence of instructions that may be obeyed to get a given

result. A knitting pattern or a carpet design is a program, and so the direction are

given to arrive at some destinations: Take the second turning on the left, bear

right at the post office, continue to the first round about and then take the third

exist, if your car will not start, the series the tests you make is program and

the mathematical formula such as x=(a2-b2)-2ab is another type, instructing you

to perform certain operations on the variable a and b to arrive at a value for x.

Exercise 1

Give the name and fuction from the computer items below!


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Exercise 2

Label the elements of these computer hardwares

a.___________ b.____________ c.____________

d.___________ e.____________ f.____________

g.____________ h.____________ i.____________

Exercise 3

Below you have some of the amazing discoveries and achievements of modern

times. Match the names on the left with the definitions on the right:

1. Modem a. A machine which records and plays back sound

2. Photocopier b. A piece of equipment, necessary to have Internet

connection

3. Fax machine c. A machine which records and plays sounds and pictures

4. Tape recorder d. a machine which makes copies of documents

5. VCR e. A machine which acts like a person

6. Robot f. A machine which makes copies and sends them down

telephone lines


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Whatever your age, the internet is a great place to hang out. Its not only

fun, but it lets you keep in touch with friends with family and provide an

enormous amount of information. There a lot of great educational sites as well as

place to keep in touch with your favorite sports, hobbies, music, and much more.

Exercise 1

Answer the following questions!

1. What are different types of surfing that people can do in Indonesia?

2. When was the internet first used?

3. What do many people use the internet for every day?

4. What have emails replaced for many people?

5.

Why do many students use the internet for research?

6. Why do many young people access chat room?

7. Is the internet a great place to hang out? Why?

Exercise 2

Match the following words with their meaning on the right

A B

Surfing a. An area on the internet where people can meet

World Wide Web b. Electronic mail sent over the internet

Communicate c. An international text communication system

Commercial d. A place on the internet where information is

found

Email e. Not real, made to exist by use of computers

Telex f. To share information, ideas or feelings with

People

Website g. A multimedia system for finding information

Chat room h. Connected with the buying and selling of things

Virtual i. Riding on waves, or using the internet

Internet j. A World Wide computer network


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PASSIVE VOICE

A. The form of Passive Voice

Passive voice is the We form the passive voice in English with the verb to be as anauxiliary, plus the past participle of the main verb. For every active voice in

English there is a corresponding passive voice.

Formation

Example

1.Active voice

Mary writes a computer assignment

Mary (the subject is the doer of the action)

Writes (verb)

A computer assignment (the noun receiving the action in the object of the

action)

2.Passive

A computer assignment is written by Mary

A computer assignment (the subject is the receiver of the action)

Written (the verb phrase containing a form the verb to be)

Mary (a noun becomes part of the phrase beginning with)

Exercise 1

Change these sentences into passive voice

1. You must leave the message

The message must be left by you

2. We sell sophisticated and high technology mobile phone

3. Our neighbor ought to borrow the charger.

.

4. Someone answerd my calling


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5. software company is launching new software.

6. The telephone user hears the ringing tone

7. He installed a new anti-virus to my laptop.

8. You can improve your telecommunication knowledge by practicing.

9. Developers are producing cellphone network increasingly

.

10. Office workers have used computer application

Exercise 2

Rewrite the following passage in the PASSIVE:

Someone broke into a local jewelry shop yesterday. The owner had just locked up

the shop when a robber with a gun threatened him. The robber told him to

unlock the shop and give him all the diamonds in the safe. Then the robber tied

him up. The police have organized a search for the robber. They hope they will

find him in a few days. Doctors are treating the owner of the shop for shock.


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APPLICATION LETTER

Application letter is also called by A cover letter. Application letter is a

document sent with your resume to provideadditional information on your skills and

experience. Business and professional

people are hired on the basis of application

letter and interview

General points:

Keep it brief

Begin your letter or email Dear Mr /

Mrs/ Msxxxx if you know the persons

name, or Dear Sir or Madam if you

dont know their name.

Short paragraphs.

Check your spelling, grammar, and

punctuation carefully.

Part of Application Letter

1. Heading

a. Sender's address:

b. Date

2. Inside Address

This is the address you are sending your letter to (the companys address).

Make it as complete as possible. Include titles and names if you know them

3. Salutation

Example: Dear Sir,

4. Body

The body of a good application letter, usually 3 to 4 paragraphs, explains why

the applicant is a good fit for the job, explains relevant experience, and shows

how that experience would be useful if selected for the career opportunity.


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5. Closing

Example: Yours sincerely,

6. Signature

Do not followed by punctuation

Consist of application letter

1. Introduction

2. Statement of qualification

3. Reason for applying the job

4. Availability of the applicant

666 Antares Way Ray,MA 02072

Januari 15, 2016

Ms. Nancy Mary

Human Resources Manager

McKeith & Company, Inc.

Parkinson Park Plaza, dome 2000

Boston, MA 02101

Dear Ms. Mary,

Application for the position of product designer

In reference to the job vacancies you advertised at the Carpenters Industrial College careerbazaar, I would like to apply for the position of product designer. I believe that while I am a

recent graduate, I do have some valuable experience that will enable me to be an excellent

addition to your design team.

I recently graduated with a Strata one in graphic design, and the course includes product design

modules. Moreover, I have competed in several design competitions and won a gold medal in a

product design competition in Thailand last year, in which I designed a self- heating mug.

Details of this prize and other prizes that I have won are included in the enclosed curriculum

vitae.

I am looking forward to a positive reply from you. Thank you for your kind consideration and

time.

Yours sincerely,

Almira Aulia

Documents

English for telecommunication.pdf