English Language Arts Symposium

3rd

Grade Materials

1. Arctic vs Antarctic TED-ed video sheet/Answer Key

2. Arctic vs Antarctic TED-ed video sheet 3rd

grade

3. Fact Cards – Life on the Ice

4. Go Find It – Life on the Ice/Answer Key

5. Go Find It – Life on the Ice

6. Ice Age News Document – Life on the Ice

7. Life on the Ice

8. Scavenger Hunt – Life on the Ice

9. Scavenger Hunt – Life on the Ice/Answer Key

Brecosky/Cicconi – AIU 2014

Name Date

Arctic vs Antarctic-ANSWER KEY TED-Ed Video

Directions: Watch the video and find the answers to the following questions.

1. Where do Polar Bears live and why? Polar Bears live in the arctic, where

there is fish to eat. They would not be able to survive in the harsh

climate of Antarctic.

2. What are the three reasons that the Arctic is warmer than the Antarctic?

The higher elevation of Antarctica causes it to be colder.

Therefore, the lower elevation of the Arctic makes it the warmer

of the two.

The Arctic is mostly on water. The water under the sea ice helps

keep the Arctic a bit warmer. Antarctica is on frozen land which

is much colder.

When the Earth is furthest from the sun it is also winter in

Antarctica. This causes bitter extremes in temperatures that are

far more severe than in the Arctic.

3. If you were to stand on the North Pole what would you be standing on?

You would be standing on ice, and under that ice is water.

4. Where are there no permanent residents, Arctic or Antarctica?

There are no permanent residents in Antarctica. Scientists come and

stay for periods of time.

5. What is the most important thing that you learned from the video?

Student Choice

Brecosky/Cicconi/RAC-AIU3 Arctic vs Antarctic Video – Life on the Ice 3rd grade

Name Date________

Arctic vs Antarctic TED-Ed Video

Directions: Watch the video and find the answers to the following questions.

1. Where do Polar Bears live and why?

2. What are the three reasons that the Arctic is warmer than the Antarctic?

a)

b)

c)

3. If you were to stand on the North Pole what would you be standing on?

4. Where are there no permanent residents, Arctic or Antarctica?

5. What is the most important thing that you learned from the video?

Brecosky/Cicconi/RAC-AIU3 Arctic vs Antarctic Video – Life on the Ice 3rd grade

The Arctic region is found in the northernmost part of the Earth. The coldest temperature ever recorded in the Arctic is around −90 °F.

Life on the Ice – 3

rd grade

Penguins do not live in the arctic because that is not their natural habitat. Penguins live only in the Southern Hemisphere. Only two species of penguins actually live in the Antarctic. The rest prefer warmer weather.

Life on the Ice – 3rd

grade

There is no land directly beneath the North Pole; it is a floating Arctic ice sheet that expands during the colder months and shrinks to half of its size in the summer. In July the North Pole is a balmy 32° F.

Life on the Ice – 3rd

grade

The Arctic is mainly ocean covered with sea ice. It includes the Arctic Ocean and parts of Russia, Greenland, Canada, USA, Norway, Iceland, Sweden, and Finland.

Life on the Ice – 3rd

grade

Glaciers are formed from continual deposits of snow that never melts, collected over hundreds of years that forms into ice. Glaciers form only on land.

Life on the Ice – 3

rd grade

Permafrost is a thick subsurface layer of soil that remains frozen throughout the year. Over extended cold winters this frozen ground can be as deep as 2,000 feet.

Life on the Ice – 3

rd grade

Terrestrial refers to something that relates to or inhabits the land as opposed to the sea or air. Terra means ‘earth’ in Latin. The root word of terrestrial is terrain means land.

Life on the Ice – 3

rd grade

Icebergs are those pieces of ice that break off from a glacier and float on water. You can see an entire glacier, but you will see only the tip of an iceberg because most of it is under water.

Life on the Ice – 3

rd grade

The world’s largest desert is located at the South Pole in the Antarctic. Basically the entire continent of Antarctica is considered a desert because in gets very little precipitation.

Life on the Ice – 3

rd grade

The Antarctic is a continent surrounded by ocean. The Arctic is an ocean surrounded by continents.

Life on the Ice – 3rd

grade

Name _Date_____________

Go Find It – ANSWER KEY

Directions: Answer the following questions by going to these sites and reading the

material.

http://www.kidskonnect.com/subjectindex/16-educational/history/270-ice-age.html

http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/earth/antarctica.html

1. What was the coldest recorded temperature on Earth -89.2° F (in Fahrenheit)

2. What was the name of the last ice age? The Great Ice Age

3. What % of the earth’s ice is found in Antarctica? 90%

4. What are three animals that lived during the Ice Age but are now extinct?

wooly mammoth

cave bear

wooly rhino

5. Where did the name ‘Antarctica’ come from?

It comes for a Greek word meaning ‘opposite to the north’.

Brecosky/Cicconi/RAC-AIU3 3rdGrade Life on the Ice

Name _Date_______________

Go Find It

Directions: Answer the following questions by going to these sites and reading the

material.

http://www.kidskonnect.com/subjectindex/16-educational/history/270-ice-age.html

http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/earth/antarctica.html

1. What was the coldest recorded temperature on Earth? ° F (in Fahrenheit)

2. What was the name of the last ice age?

3. What % of the earth’s ice is found in Antarctica?

4. What are three animals that lived during the Ice Age but are now extinct?

5. Where did the name ‘Antarctica’ come from?

Brecosky/Cicconi/RAC-AIU3 3rd Grade Life on the Ice

Ice Age

What are Ice Ages?

Ice Ages are intervals of time when large areas of the surface of the earth are covered with ice sheets (large continental glaciers). Did you know that we’re still living in an Ice Age that started three million years ago? We just happen to be in the middle of a warm period – luckily for us! Just 20,000 years ago, half of North America was still covered by an ice sheet, and New York was buried under a sheet of ice 1,000 feet thick.

In the past, Earth has undergone several ice ages, each lasting tens of millions of years. Within a long ice age, there are multiple pulses of extreme cold, when ice cover increased, followed by a period when the ice shrank.

In addition, the term "Ice Age" is sometimes used to refer to the last major glaciation that occurred in North America and Eurasia. When used in this way, the first letters of both words are often capitalized.

When have Ice Ages Occurred?

Many glacial advances and retreats have occurred during the last billion years of Earth history. These glaciations are not randomly distributed in time. Instead, they are concentrated into four time periods.

Proterozoic-between about 800

and 600 million years ago

Pennsylvanian and Permian- between about 350 and 250 million years ago

Neogene to Quaternary -the last 4 million years ago

Ordovician and Silurian- between about 460 and 430 million years ago

During each of these intervals, many glacial advances and retreats occurred. For example, over 60 glacial advances and retreats have occurred during the last 2 million years.

Brecosky/Cicconi/RAC-AIU3 Modified text for educational purposes - from Illinois Museum of Natural History (3

rd grade Life on the Ice)

Life on the Ice

By Susan E. Goodman The top and the bottom of our planet are covered in ice. The top, the Arctic, is home to the

North Pole. It can be so cold that a cup of hot water, thrown in the air, will explode into a

cloud of ice particles.

The North Pole is located in the middle of the Arctic Ocean

and is usually covered by ice.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The South Pole is at the bottom of our planet on the continent of Antarctica. This region is

even colder than the Arctic, sometimes plunging to -125°F. In winter, parts of the oceans

surrounding Antarctica freeze over, doubling its size. Antarctica is the coldest, driest,

windiest place on Earth. It is so isolated that no human had even seen this continent until

two hundred years ago.

The ice covering Antarctica contains about 70 percent of the

world’s freshwater.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Places this cold, this extreme, are hard to imagine. In fall the sun sets and doesn’t rise again

for the entire winter. Months later, it shines twenty-four hours a day-all summer long.

Even though they are covered by ice, these regions are deserts –dry like the Sahara. Very

little snow falls in either place. But when it does, it rarely melts. Over time, the snow

becomes ice-in some places, almost three miles thick.

Icebergs can be as small as a piano or larger than a small

country.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This ice is slowly moving, inching from the middle of the Arctic and Antarctica to their coasts.

By the time pieces break off into the ocean and become icebergs, the ice is 100,000 years

old.

People fly thousands of miles to reach the Poles. And when the winds kick up and blow the

snow around, it’s hard to know where the sky ends and the land begins. Pilots say that it’s

like flying inside a Ping-Pong ball.

Many of the instruments normally used to guide planes won’t work there. In fact, navigators

flying to the Poles are the only ones left in the U.S. Air Force who still help map their route

with the stars. This is some of the hardest flying there is.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Planes do not land in these wintry worlds by rolling down concrete runways. They use skis

instead. And they slide like giant sleds until they stop. Gliding along, the skis get so hot that

they melt the snow they’re resting on. Pilots must pull them up when the planes stop.

Otherwise, the wet snow would refreeze on the skis and the planes would be stuck to the

ground.

When pilots land at the South Pole, they keep their engines

running. It’s so cold that they might not start up again.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- It sounds like an adventure story, doesn’t it? It is an adventure story—one with science.

Scientists are today’s explorers, braving the wilderness to learn more about our world.

The snow near the North Pole, for example, hasn’t melted since the last ice age. Over

100,000 years of it has been pressed into an ice sheet almost 2 miles thick. But each layer

looks separate, like the rings of a tree.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Some scientists use this snow to measure air pollution. Others are drilling through this ice to

pull out history. Each sample they bring up tells a story about the time when it was formed.

Scientists have found volcanic ash from Italy’s Mt. Vesuvius, for instance, and pollution from

ancient Roman time.

Scientists began these experiments to learn more about how ice ages begin and end.

Before, they thought our climate needed thousands of years to change. Now they know it

can happen much, much faster.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- At the South Pole some scientists search for meteorites, rocks from outer space. Meteorites

are no more likely to fall there than anywhere else on Earth. But, as one scientist explains, if

you want to find something dark, it’s easier to look on a big white sheet. His team has given

thousands of meteorites to our space agency, the National Aeronautics and Space

Administration (NASA), for Study.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Antarctic sky is a perfect window to the stars, the best on this planet. It is very clear

because it’s so cold and dry—and has a night that is six months long. Some scientists use

telescopes to study the age of the universe. Others fly balloons to measure rays coming in

from outer space.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- At the Poles people wear many layers of clothing to keep warmth in and the wind out. They

wear big boots and overalls called fat-boy pants. Their mittens have furry backs to wipe

their noses and warm their ears.

They also wear goggles. Without them, their eyes would get sunburned and temporarily

blinded by the strong light bouncing off the snow.

No wearing rings, earrings, or sunglasses with metal frames in the extreme

cold. Metal get so cold that it will freeze any skin that it touches.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- People who work at the Poles must learn how to survive being stuck outdoors. On an

unexpected “camping trip,” they first build a quick shelter to get out of the wind. Then they

build a better one and pack in close to one another, using body heat to stay warm.

Building shelters—doing any work—is much harder in extreme cold. Mittens are very bulky,

but it’s unsafe to go bare-handed for long. Getting too cold is dangerous, but so is getting

overheated. Sweat can freeze into a layer of ice next to your body.

The body is like a furnace that needs fuel to keep running. It works so hard to stay

warm at the poles that people end up eating at least twice as much food as usual.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In summer many people live at the science stations in the Arctic and Antarctica. They have a

gym and videos and spend their spare time skiing on the icy runways. But mostly they work

hard, getting as much done as possible while the weather is warm enough for planes to fly in

and out.

A few of them stay all winter long. Scientists say that summer’s constant daylight tricks your

body into wanting to keep going without rest. But in winter’s endless darkness, you fee tired

much of the time. One scientist even studies the people who winter-over at the South Pole.

He wants to know what kind of person works well in such a small, isolated group. Someday

his findings may help pic the people to live in a colony on Mars.

Unlike most refrigerators, the one containing fruit and

vegetables at the South Pole is heated.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In spring in Antarctica, the temperature finally climbs up to 10°F and it’s warm enough for

planes to fly in again. The scientists are eager to get on board and return to the colors and

smells of the “green world.” Once they buckle up, there is one last frosty problem to solve.

The airplane must go 100 miles per hour to take off, no easy task when sliding over ice.

Sometimes pilots must travel 2 miles to reach that speed. And sometimes they need extra

help. Then they turn to the eight rockets attached to their plane.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A flick of the switch, a burst of flames and speed, and they are on their way home.

Name

Scavenger Hunt

Date

Directions: Use your story, the newspaper article, and the fact cards to determine whether the

following statements are true or false.

1. A terrestrial mammal would be one that lives on land and water.

2. Icebergs are on land and glaciers are on water.

3. Hot water thrown in the air in the Arctic or Antarctica will

explode into ice particles.

4. Penguins live near in the Arctic.

5. We are currently living in an ice age that started 3 million years ago. _________

6. The Arctic is an ocean surrounded by continents, Antarctic is a

continent surrounded by ocean.

7. Antarctica is the home of the world’s largest desert.

8. The first human saw Antarctica 2,000 years ago.

9. The North Pole has no land beneath it.

10. The coldest, driest, windiest place on Earth is Antarctica.

Brecosky/Cicconi/RAC-AIU3 3rd grade Life on the Ice

Name Date

Scavenger Hunt-ANSWER KEY

Directions: Use your story, the newspaper article, and the fact cards to determine whether the

following statements are true or false.

1. A terrestrial mammal would be one that lives on land and water. F.Card-False

2. Icebergs are on land and glaciers are on water. F.Card-False

3. Hot water thrown in the air in the Arctic or Antarctica will explode

into ice particles. Bk.-True

4. Penguins live near in the Arctic. F.Card-False

5. We are currently living in an ice age that started 3 million years ago. News-True

6. The Arctic is an ocean surrounded by continents, Antarctic is a F.Card-True

continent surrounded by ocean.

7. Antarctica is the home of the world’s largest desert. F.Card-True

8. The first human saw Antarctica 2,000 years ago. Bk.-False

9. The North Pole has no land beneath it. F.Card-True

10. The coldest, driest, windiest place on Earth is Antarctica. Bk-True

Brecosky/Cicconi/RAC-AIU3 3rd grade Life on the Ice