English Notes Exam Revision

8/6/2019 English Notes Exam Revision

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Colloquialism

{an informal word or phrase that is more usual

in conversation than in formal speech or

writing.}

English NotesVISUAL ANALYSIS

What to look for:

* Facial expressions

* Setting time &place

* Background & Foreground

* Actions of characters what are they doing?

* What message/theme is being conveyed?

* Language being used:

o Slang

o Jargon

o Colloquialism

Use these steps:

First glance

* Look at the cartoon you were given or selected and list

any of the following you see:

o Title:

o Objects/People:

o Words/Phrases:

o Dates/Numbers:

o

SensoryQualities Are lines bold, fussy, light, hard or soft?


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Taki a l l k

* Images

o i objectsare edassymbols?

o y ere t esymbols sedand at do t eyrepresent?

o Isanyt ingexaggerated?How?

o Is t e artoonrealisticorabstract?

o ist adjecti es t at describeemotions isible in

t ecartoon.

* Words

o

ichwordsorphrasesappear tobe important?

hy?

artoonPurpose

* escribeactiontakingplace in thecartoon.

* Explainhow thewords in thecartoonexplain the

symbols.

* hat is themessageof thecartoon?

* hoare thepeoplewhomightagreewith thecartoon?

HAT MIGHT BE THE PUBLICSREACTIONTO

THIS ARTOON?

PUNCTUATION


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Important ones:

* Parenthesis ( ),, o E planationo

Additional information* Hyphen- -

o Links prefi eso Differentiate meaningso Linked lines

* Dash- oPause

Dramatic, clima , anti-clima

o Additional infoo Comment, afterthought

* Ellipsis-

o Incomplete

o uess meaning

THE APOST OPHE

* Used for contractions e.g. I + had = Id

o Letters omitted Will + not = Wont

* Possession or Ownership

o Owner{the person/people the object relates to }

Singular: after single noun

y e.g. The car of the family = the familys car Plural: after plural noun

y e.g. The school of the boys = the boys

school.

o Ending in:

s, we add s


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y e.g. rs Talissclass loves her very much.

Biblical/Classical ends in s, add

y E.g. Herculesstrength was legendary.

Common noun in ss, we add s

y Hilary is the head bosss wife.

o Already a plural?

Just add s

y E.g. womens clothing childrensrights

PA TS OF SPEECH {tum, tum, tum}

* Abstract noun:

o Feel

oHe/she is full of

o E.g. intelligence, perseverance

* Pronoun

o E.g. He, she, it etc.

o In place of noun (Name, Common Noun)

* Adverb

o Tell more about verb

o *often end in ..ly

o When, where, how?

o E.g.He ran{verb} fast(how)at the athletics

meeting(where)

yesterday.(when)

* Preposition

o elate two words

o E.g. The kid sat on his moms lap

Note:Prepositions can also show

locations in time: At

midnight,Jill craved mashed potatoes

with grape jelly.


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* Verbs:

SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT

(general) (at the moment) (already done)

Present I drive I am driving I havedriven

Past I drove I was driving I haddriven

Future I shalldrive

I shall be driving I shall havedriven

o Finite verbs

Stand alone, no au illary With subject = complete sentence

She plays They argue

Has number =

One girls plays netball

any play

Has tense =

TodayI play, yesterdayI

played, tomorrowI shall play.

o The INFINITIVE

toafter verb = infinitive

Always followed by finite verb

E.g. she wants{verb}

to discuss

ustn't be split

I am going to definitely

compete{verb}. X

I am definitely going to

compete{verb}

.D

* Participles


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o Combined auxiliaryverb and finite verb+ ing/ed

o E.g. clouds hadformed before the storm

o Can't stand alone

E.g. The tap leaking.

X

The tap is leaking.D

PRESENTTENSE

PASTTENSE

PRESENTPARTICIPLE

PASTPARTICIPLE

I play. I played. I am playing I have played.

He eats. He ate. He is eating. He has eaten.You swim. You

swam.You wereswimming.

You haveswum.

They draw. Theydrew.

They aredrawing.

They havedrawn.

Present Participles:

y Continous, end in ingy He reads. He is reading He was reading He will be

reading

y I participate. I am participating.. I was participating.. I

shall be participat ing

Past Participles:y Help make past tense, end in ed, d, en orn

o Afterhad , have, has, was, were

o E.g. The gift was given to the child.

o The fingerprints were matched to the

suspect.

y To form PastP, imagine I have before the

verb.

o E.g. I offer my services. I have offered my

services.

o Au iliary Verbs


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Helping verb

Always before a verb: She has

done{verb} her work.

R

egulates tense : We couldsee

{verb}the sun rising.

Common e.g.

Am, are, be, can, could, had,

has, is, was, were, will, would

o The Linking Verb

Verb to be (is,am,are) = linking

verb Connects noun with noun/adjective

E.g. The man is a soldier.{noun}

The man is brave.{adjective}

CONCORD

* Subject and verb agree in number and person

o Decide whether verb should be single or plural:

Find subject

Decide single/plural?

atch verb to subj.

y E.g.

o I

(1st person s)

eat. We

(1st person p)

eat.

o You(2nd person s)

eat. All

of you(2nd person p) eat.


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y E.g. No-one may hand in his work

late. No-one may hand in their

work late.

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English Notes Exam Revision