English Vocab n Grammar

7/25/2019 English Vocab n Grammar

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V O C A B U L A R Y

WITH A SEPARATE KEY VOLUME

. . , . .

+ Grammar

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Everyday

FOR INTERMEDIATE STUDENTS


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. ., . .

Everyday Vocabulary + Grammar : For Intermediate Students : . . :, 2010. 320 .

ISBN 978-5-94962-187-5

Everyday VOCABULARY + Grammar

10 ( intermediate).

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75

. ., . ., 2011

, 2011ISBN 978-5-94962-187-5

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.: (812) 328-14-41

www. anthologybooks.rue-mail: [email protected]

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www.bookstreet.ru


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10 : Family and Relations, People, A Place to

Live, Daily Routine, The World of Work, Food and Meals, Shopping, Health and Illness, On the Move,

On Holiday.

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Contents

Unit 1. FAMILY and RELATIONS ............................................................................................8

1.1 Types of Families ....................................................................................................9 1.2 Family Relationships ............................................................................................15

Grammar: The verb TO BE in the Present Simple Tense (p. 10). Possessive (s) (p. 11). Possessive and

Absolute Pronouns (p. 11). The Present Simple Tense (p. 15). The verb TO BE in the Past Simple Tense (p. 21).The Past Simple Tense (p. 21). Asking Questions in the Past Simple Tense (p. 26). The Verb TO HAVE

in the Present Simple Tense (p. 27)

Unit 2. PEOPLE ..............................................................................................................32

2.1 Appearance ........................................................................................................32 2.2 Character ............................................................................................................49

Grammar: HAVE SOMETHING DONE Construction (p. 39). The Comparison of Adjectives (pp. 40, 46).

The Modal Verb SHOULD (pp. 54, 61)

Unit 3. A PLACE TO LIVE ......................................................................................................64

3.1 Types of Dwellings and Premises ............................................................................65

3.2 Looking for a Place to Live ....................................................................................75 3.3 Rooms and Interiors ..............................................................................................80 3.4 Interior Design and Redecoration ..........................................................................87 3.5 The Housewarming Party ......................................................................................93

Grammar: Prepositions and Adverbs of Place (pp. 65, 81). THERE + BE construction (p. 67).

IT or THERE? (p. 74). Prepositions of Place and Direction (p. 84). The Word Order Adjective+ Noun (p. 86).

The Passive Voice (p. 90). Talking about Distance (p. 94)

Unit 4. DAILY ROUTINE ........................................................................................................95

4.1 Getting Ready for Work/School ..............................................................................95 4.2 The Working Day Starts ........................................................................................99

4.3 After School/Work ..............................................................................................101 4.4 On the Go ..........................................................................................................103 4.5 A Working Life Ends ............................................................................................109 4.6 At the Weekend ..................................................................................................111

Grammar: Expressing Obligation and Necessity (p. 97). The Past Continuous and the Past Simple Tense (p. 100).

The Present Continuous Tense (p. 105). The Present Simple and the Present Continuous Tense (p.106).

The Past Continuous Tense (p. 108). USED TO (p. 110). Fixed Phrases with the Verbs DO and MAKE (p. 113)

Unit 5. THE WORLD OF WORK ..........................................................................................114

5.1 What Is Your Job? What Do You Do? What Do You Do for a Living? ..........................114 5.2 Where Do They Work? ........................................................................................116 5.3 What Do You Do at Work? What Does Your Work Involve?

What are Your Main Duties and Responsibilities? ..................................................119 5.4 A Light Purse is a Heavy Curse ..............................................................................122 5.5 Looking for a Job ................................................................................................124 5.6 Job Opportunities ..............................................................................................135 5.7 Leaving the Service ............................................................................................137

Grammar: Use of Articles with the Nouns: SCHOOL/COLLEGE, HOSPITAL, WORK (p. 118).

Use of the Gerund (p. 125) . The Modal Verb CAN: Forms and Meanings (p. 133).

Conditional Sentences (Type I and II) (p. 136)


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Unit 6. FOOD and MEALS ..................................................................................................140

6.1 Food ..................................................................................................................140 6.2 Ways of Cooking ................................................................................................152 6.3 Meals ................................................................................................................157 6.4 Going out for a Meal ............................................................................................163

Grammar: Countable and Uncountable Nouns (p. 143). Basic Uses of SOME and ANY (p. 144).

Use of Articles with Nouns of Material (p. 145). Quantifiers: MUCH /MANY, LITTLE /FEW, A LOT OF,

PLENTY OF (p. 149). Use of Articles with the Names of Meals: LUNCH, DINNER, TEA (p. 158).Some Uses of SHALL and WILL (p. 170)

Unit 7. SHOPPING ............................................................................................................173

7.1 Shopping for Food ..............................................................................................174 7.2 Quantities and Package ......................................................................................187 7.3 Shopping Goes Green ......................................................................................189 7.4 Shopping for Goods ............................................................................................193 7.5 Dress Your Best ..................................................................................................199 7.6 The Changing Face of Shopping ..........................................................................211

Grammar: The Complex Subject Infinitive Construction (p. 180). The Present Perfect Tense (p. 183).

The Category of Number. Special Cases (p. 201). The Present Perfect Continuous Tense (p. 204)

Unit 8. HEALTH and ILLNESS ............................................................................................213

8.1 The Resource for Everyday Life ............................................................................213 8.2 Human Body ......................................................................................................214 8.3 How Are You Today? ............................................................................................215 8.4 Health Problems ................................................................................................218 8.5 Diagnosing and Treatment ..................................................................................224 8.6 At the Dentists ..................................................................................................238

Grammar: Use of the Gerund (p. 216). A/AN or ZERO Article with Reference to Illness (p. 219).

Expressing Certainty and Possibility (p. 223). Indirect Command and Request (p. 227). Indirect Speech.

Reported Statement (p. 231). Indirect Questions (p. 234). Reporting a Dialogue or a Conversation (p. 236)

Unit 9. ON THE MOVE ........................................................................................................241

9.1 Why Do People Travel? ........................................................................................241 9.2 Travelling by Train ................................................................................................251 9.3 Travelling by Air ..................................................................................................257 9.4 Travelling by Sea ................................................................................................265 9.5 Travelling by Bus ................................................................................................270 9.6 Travelling by Car ................................................................................................272

Grammar: Use of Article with Geographical Names (p. 245). Prepositions with Forms of Transport (p. 247).

Talking about the Future (p. 255). HAD BETTER (NOT) DO SOMETHING, HAVE TO, SHOULD (p. 259)

Unit 10. ON HOLIDAY ........................................................................................................275

10.1 Holiday Accommodation ......................................................................................276 10.2 Different Things at Different Time ........................................................................285

Grammar: The Present Continuous and the Present Perfect Continuous Tense (p. 284). The Use of the Gerund

after the Verbs COME and GO (p. 288). The Use of S and S with Non-Living Things (p. 288). Non-Defining Relative

Clauses (p. 296). Adverb or Adjective? (p. 296). Questions Tags (p. 298)


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APPENDICES ....................................................................................................................299

Appendix 1 English-Russian Dictionary ....................................................................299 Appendix 2 British/American English ........................................................................302 Appendix 3 Spelling Differences Between British English and American English ..........304 Appendix 4 Some Useful Verbs ................................................................................306 Appendix 5 Expressions with the Verb TO BE ............................................................308 Appendix 6 Connectives and Transitional Phrases for Sentence Openings ..................309

Appendix 7 The Numeral ........................................................................................310 Appendix 8 The Old Units of Measurement ..............................................................312 Appendix 9 Dates ..................................................................................................314 Appendix 10 List of Irregular Verbs ............................................................................315

LITERATURE ......................................................................................................................319


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Alex and Fiona Smith are grandparents now. They have two children: Linda and Bob. Alex is their

fatherand Fiona is their mother. Linda is Bobs sisterand Bob is Lindas brother. Linda and Bob

are deeply attachedto theirparents.

Linda is married to Ben Jones. He is her husband. Ben Jones is Alex and Fionas son-in-law.

Bob is also married. His wifes name is Daisy. Her maiden name is Daisy Robertson. Now she is

Daisy Smith. Daisy is Alex and Fionas daughter-in-law.Ben is Bobs brother-in-lawand Daisy is Lindas

sister-in-law.

Ben and Linda Jones have two children: a

son Clif and a daughter Carol. They are

twins.

Bob and Daisy Smith have only one child

Colin. Clif, Carol and Colin are Alex and

Fionas grandchildren. So, the Smiths

have two grandsons and one

granddaughter.

Linda is Colins auntand Ben is his

uncle. Daisy and Bob are Clif and

Carols aunt and uncle. Clif is their

nephewand Carol is their niece. Clif,

Carol and Colin are cousins.

FAMILY and RELATIONS


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1.1 Types of Families

An extended familyA nuclear family

A childless family

A single-parent family

Ex 1. Complete these sentences with an appropriate word from A, B or C.

1. In spite of being a ............................... family, the Smiths are very happy and close to each

other. Besides, they are going to adopt several children soon.

A. extended B. nuclear C. childless

2. Mr and Mrs Papatatl live in a house with their aged parents, children and grandchildren. Theyare a typical example of a traditional ............................... family.

A. nuclear B. enlarged C. extended

3. Mrs Jones lives on her own and brings up her son. There are a lot of ...............................

families like hers.

A. single-parent B. mother-only C. mono-parent


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ME

MORYBOX

Grammar

10

To speak about a family you will

need the verb TO BE(, -

, ).

POSITIVE FORM

I am

he/she/it is

we/you/they are

Im, hes, were

NEGATIVE FORM

I am not

he/she/it is not

we/you/they are not

Im not, he isnt, we arent

QUESTION

Am I?

Is he/she/it?

Are we/you/they?

Betty is Bobs sister.

Their parents are both doctors.

Colin isnt at school today, he is

ill.

Ex 2. Complete the Memory Box.

IMMEDIATE FAMILY

husband .........................

......................... daughter

father .........................

....................... grandmother grandson .........................

parents .........................

......................... grandchildren

RELATIONS/RELATIVES

uncle .........................

......................... niece

father-in-law .........................

......................... daughter-in-law

Ex 3. Fill in the right words.

TIES OF RELATIONSHIP

1. Your relatives on your wifes side are: your wifes

sister is your ............... , and her brother is your

............... . Your parents refer to your wife as their

............... while your brothers and sisters refer to her

as their ............... . Your wifes parents speak of you

as their ............... .

To ask a question we put the present (or past)simple of the verb TO BE at the beginning of the

sentence, before the subject.

Are they a big family?

Is Betty older than Bob?

2. Someones second wife speaks of her husbands children as her ............... , whereas the

latter speak of her as their ............... . Someones second husband also refers to his wifes

children as his ............... while the latter speak of him as their ............... .

3. If your stepfather or stepmother already has children from an earlier marriage, those children

become your ............... and ............... .

4. A brother or sister with whom you share only one parent is your ............... or ............... .

MEMORYBO

XSECOND MARRIAGE

stepson stepdaughter

stepfather stepmother

stepbrother stepsister

half-brother half-sister


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Possessive (s)WHOSE?Nouns denoting living beings

Singular noun(s) + s My fathers car.

Maud and Teds house.

Pural noun(s) + Girls school. My parents house.

Irregular nouns + s The childrens names.

POSSESSIVE AND ABSOLUTE

PRONOUNS

I my mine he his his she her hers

it itsyou your yours we our ours they their theirs

NOTEPossessive pronouns (my,your, his) go in front of nouns,absolute forms (mine, hers, ours)stand on their own.

Peter is my brother Is it your dog? No, its hers.

11

Ex 4.Who is who? Look at the picture and ask questions.

MODEL: Is Bob Sallys husband?

1. ............................................ wife?

2. ............................................ brother and sister?

3. ............................................ son/daughter?4. ............................................ parents?

5. ............................................ father/mother?

6. ............................................ children?

(5)......... brother David and (6)......... son Timothy. And this (7)......... Bob, (8)......... husband.

Here (9)......... (10)......... children: (11)......... daughters Vanessa and Sarah, and (12)......... son

Edward. Vanessa (13)......... (14)......... youngest, she (15)......... five, Sarah (16)......... the eldest,

she (17)......... eleven.

And this (18)......... (19)......... father Albert and Jenny, (20)......... second wife. She (21).........(22)......... step-mother. (23)......... mother died when we were still at school. Oh, at the head of

the table (24)......... (25)......... grandmother Emily.

Ex 6. Choose the correct form of the pronouns in italics.

1. It may beyour/yours cat. I am sure it is the cat of your/yours. 2. Ive never seen the aunt of

her/hers. How can I recognise her/hers? 3. My grandfathers family history is more interesting

than my/mine. 4. Im afraid our daughter will take her/hers advice not our/ours. 5. Will you help

me find my/mine things? I cant tell which are my/mine and which areyour/yours. 6. She looked

at him and at once understood he was her/hers. It was love at first sight. 7. My/mine sister likes

much sugar in her/hers tea, but I like little in my/mine.

Ex 5. Fill in the gaps with am/is/are/my/his/her/our.

This is our family, the Millers

Hello, I (1)......... Sally Brown. I (2)......... David Millers

sister. We(3)

......... really a large family! This(4)

.........

Sally

David

Timothy

BobSarahVanessaEdward

Emily Albert Jenny


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1. , . .............................................................................

2. ,

.

.............................................................................

3. ,

.

.............................................................................

4. . , .

.............................................................................

5. , . , .

.............................................................................

Questions with who, what, where,

when, why, how, etc.

Who is he?

How old is he?

What are you?

Where are the children?

Ex 8. An old aunt who lives in the USA is staying with the Millers. She hasnt met Jenny yet. Soshe asks a lot of questions about her. Write down her questions (read the answers to the questions

first).

Ex 7. Translate the sentences.

MODEL: ,

.

My daughter asked me to give her my mobile phone, she had left hers at school.

SINGULAR PLURAL

this these

that those

Mother, this is my teacher,

Mrs Jones. And these are my

friends Peter and Mike.

Who is that man over there?

In those days people didnt

have cars.

1. (how old?) .... How old is Jenny? .... She is 48.

2. (a widow or divorced?) She is divorced.

.............................................................................

3. (British?) No, she is not.

.............................................................................

4. (where from?) From Denmark.

.............................................................................

5. (a housewife?) No, she is a nurse.

.............................................................................

6. (a nice person?) Yes, she is very nice and kind..............................................................................

7. (how old/Jennys daughter?) She is 12.

.............................................................................

8. (her name?) She is called Merilyn.

.............................................................................


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Ex 9. Match the phrasal verbs below to their meaning and translate the verbs into Russian.

distinguish between grow up mix up bring up

look on smb/smth as act up take for

Ex 10. Choose the best alternative from the phrasal verbs given in the box above to fill in thespaces.

1. That child always ......................... when his father is away. 2. Im always ......................... the

twins ......................... ! 3. What do you want to be when you ......................... ? 4. Ive got a four-

year-old son to ......................... on my own. 5. Ive lived in London for 7 years, but I .........................

in Newcastle. 6. I cant ......................... the two brothers they both look the same to me. 7. If she

prefers to work rather than stay at home and ......................... her children, she is free to do so.

8. Ive lived with my aunt since I was a baby, and I ......................... her as my mother. 9. They were

twins, as like as two peas, and very often one brother was ......................... the other.

Ex 11. Translate the sentences using the phrasal verbs given above.

1. , , -.

.........................................................................................................................................

2. .

.........................................................................................................................................

3. .

.........................................................................................................................................4. , ; .

.........................................................................................................................................

5. , .

.........................................................................................................................................

6. , .

.........................................................................................................................................

SOME USEFUL PHRASAL VERBS

1. Become an adult ............................ ..............................

2. Think of smb/smth in a particular way ............................ ..............................

3. Act or behave badly ............................ ..............................

4. Recognise a difference between ............................ ..............................

5. Confuse ............................ ..............................

6. Suppose smb to be, especially by mistake ............................ ..............................

7. Care for and rear, train and give education ............................ ..............................


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14

THERE ARE SEVERAL WAYS

TO TALK ABOUT ONES AGE

Sam is eight months.

He is a baby.

Sally is eighteen months.

She is a toddler.

Oliver is six.He is still a child.

Pamela is sixteen.

She is a teenager.

Robert is nineteen.

He is an adult (old enough

to vote)

Maud is twenty-two.

She is in her early twenties.

How old is Jenny?

I dont know exactly. She is

in her thirties.

Ted is thirty six.

He is in his mid-thirties.

My mother is forty-eight.

She is in her late forties. She

is middle-aged.

My father is sixty-five.

He is retired.

Our grandfather is seventy-five.

He has turned seventy.

be of the same age

They are both 24, they are

of the same age.

(not) look ones age I cant believe she is 60, she

doesnt look her age.

be five years older/younger than

/

My brother is five years

younger than me.

outlive smb by ten years

- 10

He outlived his wife by ten

years.

Ex 12. Meet the Maisons. Complete the family tree andpresent all the members of the family to the class. When

speaking about the peoples age avoid giving the exact

figures.

Brain (71) Emily (62)

................

................

................

................

Clare (31)

................

................

................

Andrew(38)

................

................

................

Eric (29)

................

................

................

Alice (21)

................

................

................

Thomas

(9 months)

............

............

............

Mary (4)

................

................

................

Linda (6)

................

................

................

husband

father

grandfather

father-in-law

Grandfather Brain is the head of the family. He turned 70 last year. He is 71.Emily, Brains wife, ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................


15/19

having

clo

serela

tionship

s

havingmuchloveandsupportfightingwithbrothersandsisters

doin

gthin

gstogeth

er

havingnopriva

cyandpersona

lspace

gettingallthehelpyouneed

baby-sittingtheyoungerones

thegenerationgapleadingtomisunderstanding

helpingoutaro

undthehouse

1.2 Family Relationships

There are good and bad things about coming from a large family.

Grammar

15

THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE

POSITIVE FORM NEGATIVE FORM QUESTION

I/we/you/they work I/we/you/they do not work Do I/we/you/they work?

he/she/it works he/she/it does not work Does he/she/it work?

I dont work, he doesnt work


16/19

MEMO

RYBOX

16

Ex 13. Read the statements above and say what in youropinion the advantages (A) and disadvantages (D) of

having a large family are. Give your reasons using the

prompts below.

PROMPTS

( + ) ( )warm atmosphere want to get more independence

get along well have different views on

be ones best friends argue about/have disputes

share personal problems compete for parents attention

have much in common leave smb alone

MODEL: Having a large family is an advantage because

your family are your best friends.

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

................................................................................

The Present Simple Tense denotes a

permanent or repeated, customary

action.

The Present Simple is used with the

following adverbials of time:

usually, always, every day, in the

morning, at night, on Mondays.

The children are always polite.

They often/sometimes/usually

help their mother with the

housework.

They live in France.

My mother doesnt go out to

work, she runs the house.

ASKING QUESTIONS

If the main verb is in the Present

Simple, we use the auxiliary verb door does (see the table above) at the

beginning of a sentence, before the

subject (the main verb is in the base

form).

Does your wife work?

No, she doesnt.

Do you feel close to your

family?

Yes, I do.

NOTEwhen the main verb is do,

you still have to add do/does beforethe subject.

Do the children do the home-

work themselves?

Does your husband do the shop-

ping?

COMING FROM A LARGE FAMILY

share problems

have much in common have privacy/personal space baby-sit generation gap argue/fight/have disputes //

leave smb alone - have siblings(formal) /

1


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Ex 14. Complete Rosemarys entry into her diary. Say what she lacks in her family. Makenegative sentences using the prompts below.

Deardiary,Ifeelverylow

tonight.Imtheonlychildinthefamily,Imthecentreofattention.IhavemyownroomandIhavealotofprivacy.AndthoughIdonthavetofightwithmybrothersandsistersforparentsattention,Imnothappy.Havebrothersorsisters(1) ....................................................................Sharesecrets(2) ..................................................................................

Playwith(3) ..........................................................................................

Arguewithbrothersandsisters(4) ..........................................................

Dothingstogether(5)............................................................................

Baby-sittheyoungerones(6) ................................................................So,Idontdothingsthatmyfriendsdo.IwishIhadbrothers

andsisters.

Ex 15. Form questions using the given words. Try to give true answers to the questions.

1. in your family / you/ get / much love and support ?

.....................................................................................................................................

2. with brothers and sisters / fight / your friend / his ?

.....................................................................................................................................

3. the younger brothers or sisters / you / baby-sit ?

.....................................................................................................................................

4. the father / about the house / help ?

.....................................................................................................................................

5. the members of your family / close relations / have ?

.....................................................................................................................................

6. your sister / with the parents / argue ?

.....................................................................................................................................

7. you / and your brother / get along well?

.....................................................................................................................................


18/19

18

Dear diary,

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

Ex 17. Write the correct phrasal verb from the box below to complete the following definitions.

patch up keep up back up get along

Ex 16. Imagine you also share your thoughts with your diary. Write about your family.

SOME USEFUL PHRASAL VERBS

1. When someone supports or encourages another person, he is said to....................... him ....................... .

2. When we settle a quarrel, we are said to have ....................... it ....................... .

3. If you are friendly or on good terms with somebody, you ....................... well with

him.

4. Very often people try to continue to live the way they are used to, they

....................... the tradition.

Ex 18. Match the sentences and phrases on the left with those on the right.

1. We try to keep up a. backs her up when she is in trouble.

2. Her family always b. very well with my brothers and sisters.

3. I get along c. but very soon patch up our disagreement.

4. We often quarrel d. our familys reputation for hospitality.

1

2

3

4


19/19

EST BLISHING REL TIONSHIP

meet smb date smb court smb fall in love with smb

propose to smb be engaged to smb marry smb/get married to smb

o /

19

Ex 19. Translate the sentences using the phrasal verbs given above.

1. , .

.....................................................................................................................................

2. .

.....................................................................................................................................

3. , , .

.....................................................................................................................................

4. , , .

.....................................................................................................................................

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English Vocab n Grammar