Entry Task:Get your basin and observe your shale. Record your observations.Create a scientific drawing of your basin. Include a profile-view

drawing (what you see when you look through the side of your basin).

10/28 Limestone Lesson #36

Today’s Plan: Reminder: -Observe Shale -For test retakes, turn corrections into me.-Limestone-Scientist reports and test passed back-Discuss Test

-Brainstorm end of the trimester projects

Review:Sandstone is a mixture of sand and a matrix such as silica. Shale is composed of small particles of rock called silt and clay from

which water has been removed.

Normally shale is formed when clay particles are deposited, compressed, and dried. The process does not need a matrix, but can take millions of years (that’s why we added plaster of paris).

10/28 Limestone Lesson #36

In your journal:Describe an environment that contains the materials to

form sandstone.

Describe an environment that contains the materials to form shale.

10/28 Limestone Lesson #36

Geological Principles

• Layers of sediments are generally deposited in a horizontal or nearly horizontal position.

• Each new layer forms a new horizontal layer on top of the layers below.

The Principle Of Original Horizontality

10/28 Limestone Lesson #36

Answer in your journal:What is the ingredient that is common to all limestones?

Where do you think that “ingredient” comes from in nature?

10/28 Limestone Lesson #36

Calcium Carbonate

• Calcium Carbonate forms in the sea in two ways

1. Some animal bones, scales, or shells are made of it. When the animal dies, the calcium carbonate settles to the bottom.

2. When CO2 is exhaled by organisms living in the water, it reacts with calcium to form calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate then sinks.

• Calcium Carbonate does not dissolve in water, so if it gets in the sea, it will sink to the bottom and form layers. If that layer becomes rock it is a limestone.

10/28 Limestone Lesson #36

1. Measure 1 spoonful of plaster of paris into the cup.• NOTE: The plaster acts as the matrix for our limestone. Calcium carbonate would usually

act as the matrix itself, but we don’t have a few million years to wait for this to happen.

2. Measure no more than 4 spoonfuls of the other materials into the cup. (Any combination)

3. Record the amount of each material you used in your journal under the title, “Our Limestone Recipe”

4. Add 30 ml of water to the cup.

5. Stir the ingredients together. The mixture should be as thick as paste. If you need morewater, add a tiny bit at a time. It should not be runny.

6. Spread your mixture flat on top of the shale layer in your basin. Smooth and compact it with your spoon.

7. Rinse and wipe off your spoon and wipe out the mixing cup. Wipe down the work area and your table.

8. Return your basin to the storage area

Instructions

Materials 1 Heaping spoonful of plaster of paris4 Heaping spoonfuls TOTAL of one or more of the following• Oyster shells • Sand • Clay30 ml Water, 1 Mixing cup, and 1 Plastic spoon1 Container with sandstone and shale layers (basin)

Earth History Test

• Retakes:– Study (download notes or use your journal)– Make corrections– Show me your corrections and set a retake time

(in the next two weeks)

10/28 Limestone Lesson #36

Earth History project ideas…

10/28 Limestone Lesson #36

Homework:~Think about project ideas~Study and make test corrections if you want a retake

10/28 Limestone Lesson #36