Environmental and Social Due Diligence Report · developing Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) and integration of existing STP’s including sewage collection, disposal system using laterals,

NMCG

PPP Design and Transaction Support for Development of Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) and integration of existing STPs in Howrah in the state of West Bengal

Environmental and Social Due Diligence Report

KMDA

July 2019

PPP design and transaction advisory support for development of STPs in Howrah

Environmental and Social Safeguard Due Diligence Report

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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARD DUE DILIGENCE REPORT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF STPS IN HOWRAH – BALLY, HOWRAH AND BARANAGAR 1. INTRODUCTION

Increasing population, haphazard urbanization and industrial growth in Ganga river basin has resulted in high pollution level in economically and culturally important river Ganga. The Government of India (GoI) has established the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) for comprehensive management of the river. The NGRBA program will adopt a river basin approach and has been given multi-sectoral mandate to address both water quantity and quality aspects. The NGRBA is implementing the program with financial assistance from The World Bank in five major states (Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal) along the main stem of Ganga.

Under Namami Gange programme a holistic approach has been adopted to clean the river. Under this program a major initiative has been taken to develop an adequate sewage treatment infrastructure in Bally, Howrah and Baranagar to keep Ganga clean which will be implemented by Kolkatta Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA), a company owned by Government of West Bengal (GoWB) to implement and accelerate urban infrastructure projects in the State. This report presents the major findings of the Environmental and Social safeguard due diligence exercise carried out for Sewerage and STP Scheme at Bally, Howrah and Baranagar, following the principles of ESMF of Namami Gange.

2. PROJECT BACKGROUND The proposed project aims effective abatement of pollution of river Ganga by developing Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) and integration of existing STP’s including sewage collection, disposal system using laterals, branches and trunk mains in Howrah city in West Bengal State, India. This project consists of five sub projects as mentioned below

1. Sub Project 1 - Bally 2. Sub Project 2 - Howrah 3. Sub Project 3 - Baranagar



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3. Sub Project 1 - Bally

3.1. PROJECT BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT COMPONENTS

Bally is a municipality located in Howrah District. The Bally Municipality, established in 1883, was the body responsible for the civic infrastructure and administration of the northern suburbs of the city of Howrah. Headquartered in the town of Bally, it administers an area of 11.81 square kilometers (4.56 sq mi). Bally town (220-35'-30" North Latitude and 88º-21'-0" East Longitude) comprising Bally, Belur and Lilluah area is situated on the western bank of river Ganga in Howrah District and is bounded by Uttarpara Municipality on the north, Pacha khal on the south, Bally Gram Panchayat, Anandanagar Gram Panchayat and Durgapur- Avaynagar Gram Panchayat on the west and river Ganga on the east. On one side of Bally town there is Vivekananda Bridge (Old Bally Bridge) and Nivedita Setu, by the side of Vivekananda Bridge connects Bally to Barrackpore and Kolkatta on the other side of river Hoogly. As per the Population census of India, the No. of wards in municipality area were 25, 29 and 35 wards for the years 1991, 2001 and 2011 respectively. The Bally Municipality was de-established on 10 July 2015 and part of 35 wards of the municipality was merged with the Howrah Municipal Corporation and they were delimited to 20 wards. Though the bally municipality has been merged with Howrah Municipal Corporation, for the purpose of this technical evaluation report, the No. of wards as appearing in the 2011 population census reports i.e. 35 wards are taken into consideration. There is no planned sewerage system in the town except an Interception and Diversion gravity sewer of diameters ranging from 300 mm to 1000 mm of RCC, CI covering a length of about 8.608 km and 2.716 km of rising main constructed under GAP. However, significant waste water discharge is still into river Hooghly through seven drains.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howrah

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bally,_Howrah

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howrah_Municipal_Corporation



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Figure 3. 1:: Map showing the Bally Municipality area with the revised ward

boundaries after merger with Howrah Municipal Corporation

3.2. Drains / outfall within the project area As seen from the Figure 3.2, 7 (Seven) major drains from Bally and Belur area discharge to Ganga whereas 1 (one) major drain from Liluah area discharges to channel B.C. no. 2. Details of drains discharging into River Ganga and site visit photos are provided in Annexure- 2



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Figure 3.2: Map showing the wastewater outfalls, drains, LS / PS and STP in Bally

3.3. Baseline details 3.3.1. Existing sewage treatment plants

Table 3.1: Details of existing STPs

Location Year of installation

Existing / Construction / Proposed

Capacity Technology Remarks

Kona 1995 Existing 30 MLD 3 – Pond type WSP

During site visit, the STP was observed to be functional

Source: Condition Assessment Report for Sewerage Network and STPs in Bally Town, West Bengal under Namame Gange programme, West Bengal



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• STP component details

Table 3.2: Details of STP components

Pond type Nos. Water area (in Ha) Depth(m) Detention time

Anaerobic pond (A.P) 2 1.4 2 1 day Facultative pond (F.P) 2 7.9 1.8 4 days Maturation pond (M.P) 2 6 1.5 3 days Total area 15.3 Ha Source: Condition Assessment Report for Sewerage Network and STPs in Bally Town, West Bengal under Namame Gange programme, West Bengal

3.3.2. Pumping stations

There are 3 nos. pumping stations designated as lifting station (LS) in Bally area and 2 nos. in part Howrah area and a common main pumping station (MPS) at Kona in Panchayat area. Besides there is a LS at Hanuman Jute Mill which flows from both Bally and North Howrah are collected and pumped to Kona STP through Pacha Khal (BC No. 3/2). Thus, total Lift stations become 6 (six) in number.

3.3.3. Treated water quality

Table 3.3: Details of sewage quality

Parameters

Analysis results of STP as on 25.06.2009

Remarks Raw sewage

Treated effluent

Temperature, °C 28 30 The input quality at STP is already diluted due to mixing of storm water and irrigation water through canal. BOD is reduced to 30% from the raw sewage quality.

pH at corresponding temp

6.87 7.38

Total solids (mg/l) 592 116 Suspended solids (mg/l) 176 38 BOD, 5 day at 20°C (mg/l)

57 18

COD (mg/l) 94 56 Source - KMDA



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Though the parameters of the treated water are considered to be within the prescribed norms, as the test report shared by KMDA officials are dated more than 8 years ago, the same is required to be validated as on date by the concessionaire for necessary corrective action if any during operation stage.

3.3.4. Sewage flow The proposed STP capacity and sewer network is designed for adequate capacity considering population increase over next 15 years and sewage generation norms. STP is designed with standard units suitable to meet the required treated sewage standards for discharge to inland waters. The projected sewage generation for Bally is given below.

Table 3.4: Sewage generation

Sl. No.

Municipality Sewage generation (Average flow in MLD) as per DPR 2020 2035 2050

1 Bally area through I&D works 26.13 30.33 34.52 2 Bally area through BC no. 2 3 Gadhadhar Bhattacharya Road drain

discharging to Channel BC No. 2 from Howrah area

8.92 10.52 11.79

4 Howrah (MC) part 7.96 10.64 12.97 Total required capacity of STP (in MLD) 43.01 62.72 71.20 3.3.5. Proposed Activities

• Construction, Operations & Maintenance of one 40 MLD STP in Bally • Operation and maintenance of one existing 22 MLD STP in Bally • Rehabilitation and Operations & Maintenance of one 70 MLD MPS at Bally • Rehabilitation and operations & maintenance of 6 existing SPS at Bally • Construction, Operations & Maintenance of 7 I&D structures • Rehabilitation and operations & maintenance of 7 I&D structures • Replacement of gravity main sewer line of 3.5 km • Replacement of rising main sewer line of 1.3 km in Bally • Replacement of effluent discharge line – 200 m



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Figure 3.3: Process requirements and design criteria of sewerage work in Bally



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3.4. STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT No separate environmental assessment specific to the sub-project was carried out at DPR (Detailed Project Report) stage. DPRs are also doesn’t integrate environmental management aspects into the design also no social impact assessment (SIA) was carried out for the project

3.5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL PROFILE OF THE AREA

3.5.1. Socio economic status

The site for the proposed new STP is fixed within the campus of the low cost existing STP. It is located at Khalia Gram Panchayet area of Northern Howrah District and it is very near to Bally which is under Howrah Municipal Corporation. This zone comes under Kolkata Metropolitan Region Total number of population as per 2011 census is 293,373 of which 156,911 are males while 136,462 are females. Literacy rate of Bally city is 88.90 % higher than state average of 76.26 %. In Bally, Male literacy is around 90.96 % while female literacy rate is 86.48 %. Bally Municipality has total administration over 55,619 houses.

The area is the abode of people belonging to different caste, creed, language and religion, and is like a confluence of different cultures intermingled into a distinct identity. The celebrities say that it is a miniature of India since all the basic fabrics of Indian identity, i.e. ‘Unity in Diversity’, exist there. The town is basically agglomeration of different kind of religious people like Hindu (87.51%), Muslims (10.68%), Sikhs (0.46%), Christen (0.39%) etc., because being industrial and trading centre. Out of total population, 108,152 were engaged in work or business activity. Of this 89,216 were males while 18,936 were females. In census survey, worker is defined as person who does business, job, service, and cultivator and labour activity. Of total 108152 working population, 87.76 % were engaged in Main Work while 12.24 % of total workers were engaged in Marginal Work.



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The commercial aspects of Bally are basically tertiary activities like banking, transportation, trading, information technology, health care activities, educational activities, informal services, recreation & social awareness activities, etc. “Bajrangbali”. The scrap yard is claimed to be the largest in Asia which is located in this municipality. The economic base of the Municipality consists of secondary sector i.e. large, medium and small industries and tertiary sector including offices, commercial outlets and institutional activities. Jute and metals are significant industrial products of this area. The important jute mills are Bally Jute Mill (5000 employees) in ward 1, 2 & 3, Mahadev Jute Mill (1100 employees) in ward 8 & 9 and Ambika Jute Mill (6000 employees) in ward 13, metal industries include Jindal (India) Ltd. (500 employees) in ward no. 15 and Hindalco Industries (800 Employees) in ward no. 20 and Kumarpara industrial area in ward no. 21. The other important establishments are oil mills, chemical industries, rolling mills and several medium and small enterprises located scatter in ward nos. 11, 22, 24, 31 & 34. Rapid urbanization has put tremendous pressure on the existing infrastructures and public utility services as well as catalyzing unbridled environmental pollution. In addition, there is a sharp rise of the urban poor population predominately concentrated in the slum or squatter settlements. Bally is the one of the most economically developed town in West Bengal. It is also the main hub in the state. There are also a number of industrial complexes including one of the largest car manufacturing plants in India, the 'Hindustan Motors' plant located in Uttarpara, an adjacent municipality. The jute mills are located along the banks of the river Hooghly. As far as land value and real estate price is concerned, Bally being a part of Howrah Municipal Corporation on the southern periphery has a very high demand on the real estate market although it is a very old area with inadequate services. Majority of municipal residents belong to BPL and minority community having odd employment in unorganised sector with poor and irregular payment. It has been understood that borrowing money or taking loans become common phenomenon amongst them either to support their family or to spend money on critical illness.



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This way they end up with huge debts and very often being exploited by money lenders. A good many people because of their profession like rickshaw pulling, semi/unskilled laborers and others live in slums.

3.5.2. Climate The climate of this region like rest of the Gangetic Plains in West Bengal is tropical with monsoon season spreading from early June to early October. The weather remains dry during the winter (mid-November to mid- February) and humid during the summer in the range between 50 – 95 %. During the months of April and May, thunderstorms, sometimes accompanied by hail, frequently occur at dusk. Winter prevails for a short period with chilling dry wind coming from the northeast.

3.5.3. Topography Bally is located at 22.65°N 88.34°E. It has an average elevation of 15 metres (49 feet). There is a man-made canal named the 'Bally Khal' that marks the boundary between Bally and the adjoining town of Uttarpara in Hooghly District. Once Uttarpara was the northern part of Bally; Uttarpara means "Northern Ward.” The Hooghly River separates it from Dakshineswar of district. The topography of the city is more or less flat with minimum level of nearly 115 m and maximum level of about 126.8 m. above MSL. The G.T. Road passing through the city forms a ridge line and divides the town in two parts, one slopping towards river Ganga in the West.

3.5.4. Soil Characteristics The state of West Bengal comprises two natural divisions. They are the Himalayan north comprising the districts of Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri and Cooch Behar and the alluvial plain that lies south. On the basis of agro-climatic conditions, the state has been broadly divided into 6 regions such as (1) Hill regions, (2) Tarai & Teesta alluvial regions, (3) Red laterite and gravelly undulating region (4) Vindhya alluvial region, (5) Gangetic alluvial region, (6) Coastal region. The physiography of West Bengal can be divided into two major regions: A. Himalayan Region B. Gangetic Plains

https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Bally,_Howrah&params=22.65_N_88.34_E_

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foot_(length)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttarpara

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hooghly_District

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakshineswar



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Gangetic Plains: The Lower Ganga Plain in West Bengal forms a part of the Indo-Gangetic Plains. 14 districts of West Bengal are contained in this physiographic region. This region is further divided into four micro physiographic zones. These are: Gangetic alluvial regions mostly in the north and eastern part of the river Ganga comprising Nadia, part of Malda, west Dinajpur, Murshidabad, Burdwan, Hooghly and 24-Paraganas districts. The Southern portion of 24-paraganas; Howrah and Midnapur constitutes the coastal region. Deposits from tidal currents in the estuary region result into formation of a cluster of islands. Soils of the alluvial plain which includes Indo-gangetic alluvium (recent, active and old) are also very deep, imperfectly to poorly drained, fine-loamy and also coarse-loamy in texture and with moderate flooding problem in some cases. The soil of delta plain are very deep, imperfectly to poorly drained, fine in texture and have the problem of inundation and salinity and is classified as Aeric Haplaquepts and Typic Haplaquepts. Undulating plain area is represented by very deep, fine-loamy and coarse-loamy soils with moderate erosion and classified as Aeric Ochraqualfs, Typic Ustifluvents and Typic Haplustalfs.

3.5.5. Seismic In seismic zonation map the project area falls under zone – III and prone to moderate effect.

3.5.6. Air quality

There is no baseline data available within and surrounding the project area.

3.5.7. Flora & Fauna There is no baseline data available within and surrounding the project area.



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Ecologically sensitive area None of the project area involves forest land or is located close to any ecologically sensitive areas. No archeologically protected monument is located in close proximity. The project area is located outside the Sundarbans forest area and coastal regulation zone as indicated in Figure 3.4 & 3.5 The Sundarbans is a mangrove area in the delta formed by the confluence of Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers in the Bay of Bengal. It spans from the Hooghly River in India's state of West Bengal to the Baleswar River in Bangladesh. It comprises closed and open mangrove forests, agriculturally used land, mudflats and barren land, and is intersected by multiple tidal streams and channels. Four protected areas in the Sundarbans are enlisted as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, viz Sundarbans National Park, Sundarbans West, Sundarbans South and Sundarbans East Wildlife Sanctuaries The Sundarbans mangrove forest covers an area of about 10,000 km2 (3,900 sq mi). Of which, forests in Bangladesh's Khulna Division extend over 6,017 km2 (2,323 sq mi) and in West Bengal, they extend over 4,260 km2 (1,640 sq mi) across the South 24 Parganas and North 24 Parganas districts. Sundarban area is located at a radius of more than 50 km from the project site.

Figure 3. 4: Surrounding features with in 10 KM area of Project



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Figure 3. 5: Distance between surbans forest and project area Environmental and social screening carried out as part of this due diligence exercise using the screening matrix of the Environmental and Social Management Framework of NGRBA Project (Annexure-1), concludes that the project components have limited impact to environment and can be mitigated with provision adequate mitigation measures and adoption of environmental management plan. The project hence is categorized as ‘Low Impact’ category.

3.6. Due Diligence process

As part of the due diligence, the team visited the project area on October 3-4, 2017 and carried out detailed interactions with implementing agency, operators and visited project sites. A review of the project DPR, design, drawings was also carried out by the team. There is no specific stakeholder consultation carried out either by DPR consultant / by implementing agency. For successful implementation of the project requires significant inputs in the areas of public relations and community management. It requires community organization, mobilization and regular communication to ensure constructive participation of different stakeholders by the followings means,



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• Strategic Communication with the O&M Staff of pumping stations and STP. • Community Awareness and Participation • Institutionalizing Community-government Interaction • Communication with Stakeholders • Participatory Monitoring

It is noticed during site visit that Pisciculture is being practiced in some portion of existing waste stabilisation ponds. On enquiry it is learnt from the fishermen that additional food for fish is regularly added to the pond. Since the KPI need to be achieved by the concessionaire at the outlet of WSP, necessary stakeholder consultation to be carried out to stop the pissiculture activities by the concessionaire. As per KMDA, Fisher man from the unemployed group of people those who are involved with Pisciculture have already been informed regarding this project.

Existing pumping stations and sewage treatment plant is being operated and maintained by agencies who are engaged there by a contract for operation & maintenance by KMDA involving totally around 32 staffs in all categories. KMDA is in the process of collating the information such as number of labours / staff, their salary, other facilities, age, etc and expected to provide the details to the concessionaire for carrying out the necessary stakeholder consultantion in order to identify and ensure proper safeguard instruments for the implementaiton of ESAMP / ESMP for re-engagement or absorption or providing training to the existing manpower. Details of existing staffs is enclosed as Annexure B

3.7. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL FINDINGS

The due diligence findings are given below

3.7.1. Compliance to Regulatory Requirements

The project does not require any environmental clearance, or forest clearance. At the same time, the project requires to obtain required consents and permissions from competent authorities. The specific requirements are mentioned as under, for which the Operator should comply with before initiating the construction:



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• Consent to Establish (CTE) for the STP is mandatory to obtain under Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1972of Government of India.

• Permission for use of water for construction purpose from irrigation department/CGWA (for Surface or Ground Water) respectively.

• Labour license requires to be obtained by the Operator prior to construction It is advisable to undertake tree plantation around the STPs, SPSs which will help improve aesthetics and also bad odour to the neighbouring communities. Tree plantation around the STP site is mandatory condition while obtaining the consent to Establish.

Separate EHS standards to be followed by the concessionaire during construction phase and operation phase is provided in the MCA and the same is annexed with this as Annexure-A

3.7.2. Environmental and Social Assessment Environmental and social screening carried out as part of this due diligence exercise using the screening matrix of the Environmental and Social Management Framework of NGRBA Project (Annexure-1), concludes that the project components have limited impact to environment and can be mitigated with provision of adequate mitigation measures and adoption of environmental management plan. The project hence is categorized as ‘Low Impact’ category. The major outcomes of the screening are given below,

• The Sewage and STP Scheme at Bally is neither located in any eco-sensitive area nor it is located in any adjoining eco-sensitive area.

• There is no land acquisition envisaged or involved in the project. The identified land for STP and pumping stations belongs to KMDA/ULB. The identified sites are free from any form of encroachments.

• The screening also reiterates that the project will not adversely affect the livelihood except the persons involved in the pissiculture and operationg and maintenance of existing assets

• The limited impacts likely to be on the environment are suggested to be mitigated by way of project specific environmental management plan.



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3.7.3. Implementation Arrangement

Urban Development & Municipal affairs Department, Government of West Bengal is functioning as the State Program Management Group (SPMG) for the implementation of NBRGA projects. Under the SPMG, Kolkatta Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) is functioning as the Executing Agency. The Sewerage and STP Scheme at Bally will also be implemented under the same structure. One Environmental Safeguard Official placed at SPMG is functioning as the focal point for environment and social safeguards. The Contract for implementing the Sewerage and STP Scheme at Bally is based on Hybrid Annuity Model.

3.7.4. Project Design/Planning Issues

None of Sewage Pumping Stations (SPS) have defined system of appropriate collection and disposal of bio-degradable and non-biodegradable waste screened out at each of the SPSs. Currently waste is collected and stored intermittently within SPS site area and disposed to low lying area of the city or to locations where municipal solid waste is being disposed off. As most of these SPSs are located close to habitations, people in close vicinity to these SPSs might have the issue of bad smell of sewage. Substantial debris and mud will be generated during laying of trunk sewer, construction of SPS and STP. Management plan should include the preservation of Top soil with good productivity and reuse for agricultural purposes and use of debris as filing material and safe disposal of unusable material. Soil and debris can be well managed for planned land filling and landscaping. Digested sludge from STP is good for use as manure. Currently there is no day to day sludge production except periodic desilting of STP. Management plan should



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include the proper utilization and disposal or sale as organic manure for digested sludge. The land for disposal of sludge is not yet identified. There is no provision of holding of untreated sewage in case of STP breakdown. In such situation untreated sewage will flow to river and pollute it. No environmental management plan has been prepared for the project during detailed project report stage for management and monitoring of environmental impacts and mitigation during construction and operation phase. Since environmental impact is minimal and issues are simple, this EMP can be easily evolved with certain guidance. Even simple guidelines can be evolved and referred by implementing agency as reference guidance document. This can be suitably modified as required specific to each sub project.

3.7.5. Construction / OHS Issues. The Operator who will be procured for the project on Hybrid Annuity Model, is liable to develop a project specific EMP. The Operator should ensure that the following aspects are included and implemented on site, complying with the provisions given in ESMF:

• Although Truck sewer & rising main laying and Drain construction involves quite simple techniques, the invasive/ modernized nature of excavation, and in this case the relatively large size and length of the drains, means that there will be quite a lot of physical disturbance, in areas where there are a variety of human activities.

• There is generation of waste soil during the construction. There will be moderate physical changes where the drains are built, and this quantity of waste could not be dumped without causing further physical impacts (on air quality, topography, soil quality, etc) at the disposal site. The work will be mostly conducted in the dry season, there is a lot of potential for the creation of dust, and this will be increased by the need to import quite large quantities of building material such as sand, bricks and cement.



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• During desilting of drains, large volume of silt will be generated. Proper scientific disposal of silt should be carried out after chemical testing of silt since silt may be hazardous.

• Action will therefore be needed to reduce physical impacts at both the construction and disposal sites, by controlling dust and reducing the amount of material to be dumped.

• The other important physical impact that is often associated with large-scale excavation is the effect on drainage and the local water table if groundwater and surface water collect in the voids. However, this should not be a problem in this case, as the fact that excavation will be conducted in the dry season.

• Physical impacts will also be reduced by the method of working, whereby the Truck sewer & rising main laying and Drain will probably be constructed by small teams working on short lengths at a time, so impacts will be mainly localized and short in duration. Because of this and the mitigation measures proposed above, impacts on the physical environment are not expected to be of major significance.

• Truck sewer & rising main laying and Drain construction will also disturb some more modern-day social and cultural resources, such as schools, hospitals, temples, and also sites that are of tourism importance. Impacts could include noise, dust, interrupted access for pedestrians and vehicles, and vibration from heavy vehicles and machinery. Given the historical importance of project town, any such damage or disruption could be highly significant, so careful mitigation will be needed to protect these resources and to enable usage by local people and visitors to continue throughout the construction work. This will be achieved through several of the measures recommended above, including:

o Consulting with ULB /KMDA/MC to identify any buildings at risk from vibration damage and avoiding any use of heavy vehicles in the vicinity;

o Limiting dust by removing waste soil quickly, covering and watering stockpiles, importing sand only when needed, and covering soil and sand when carried on trucks;

o Increasing the workforce in sensitive areas to complete the work quickly;



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o Providing wooden bridges for pedestrians and metal sheets for vehicles to allow access across open trenches where required (including access to houses);

o Using modern vehicles and machinery with standard adaptations to reduce noise and exhaust emissions, and ensuring they are maintained to manufacturers’ specifications.

• There is invariably a safety risk when substantial construction such as this is conducted in an urban area, and precautions will thus be needed to ensure the safety of both workers and citizens. The Concessionaire will be required to produce and implement a site Health and Safety Plan, and this should include such measures as:

o Excluding the public from the site; o Ensuring that all workers are provided with and use appropriate

Personal Protective Equipment; o Health and Safety Training for all site personnel; o Documented procedures to be followed for all site activities; o Accident reports and records; etc.

• Operator should adopt appropriate implementation mechanism for restoration of topsoil (to control soil disturbance), dust suppression, use of DG sets in acoustic enclosure with proper stack height (for betterment of Air), restoration of construction sites, etc.

• Appropriate training to be imparted to construction laborer’s regarding health and safety aspects. Operator should provide the workers with PPEs and they should be encouraged to consistently use the PPEs

• Proper civil work schedule should be in place and be included as part of EMP.

• Properly insulated electrical works should be provided at respective STPs and in construction sites elsewhere.

• Integration of adequate safely aspects (Protection rails along walk ways at height) in STP.

• Adhering to the monitoring and reporting of the environment Management Measure applicable to the construction stage wise.



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3.7.6. Operational Aspects and Social - Land Acquisition

• The proposed expansion work of Bally STP and all SPS’s is being carried out within the existing STP/SPS premises.

• No squatter or encroacher was found in any of the project sites. • The construction of sewage network is envisaged mainly along the the

existing carriageway of the PWD or Municipality roads. However there exists some temporary shops along the existing pipeline which require temporary resettlement action plan for implementing the project.

• Project has not carried out any assessment of adverse impact that sub project may have on the community

• No specific staff employed or assigned by the implementing agencies to deal with the social safeguard issues in any of these subprojects.

3.7.7. Details of Compensation and other assistance

No such issue is involved since land belongs to Bally Municipal Corporation. There is no encroacher or squatter found in the designated land under this subproject. Necessary compensation need to be worked out for the persons involved in pissiculture within the existing STP premises. Necessary ESMP to be prepared for absorbing / providing training to the existing contractor’s staff involved in operation and maintenance of existing STP and pumping stations.

3.7.8. Stakeholder Consultations

As informed by KMDA, most of the citizens of this area (North Howrah) are well aware about this particular project which is going to be set-up in the land of the old existing STP Plant. The scheme and the target of this project has already been announced to the general public through the Local Municipal Body and also informed to the concerned Gram Panchayet but no specific public consultations were carried out during project preparation to disseminate project information

3.7.9. Grievance Redressal Arrangements

Though no formal grievances have been recorded, project has not established any project specific grievance redressal mechanism. The only mechanism available is



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the District Grievance Cell through District Magistrate’s office. KMDA officials also informally handles grievances if any.

3.7.10. Summary Gap Analysis

The summary gap analysis matrix from safeguard planning and implementation point of view based on the due diligence study is presented in the table below

Table 3.5:Summary gap analysis

Key Principles and Attributes

Gap Remarks

Assessment of environmental Impacts

Not Carried out The due diligence indicates low impact (except during the construction phase) due to the project Project will be implemented in Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) 3.7.11. The project does not

trigger EIA notification 2006. The Duration of associated impact shall be during construction phase. This can be mitigated through proper project specific Environmental Management Plan (EMP) prepared and implemented by the HAM Operator under the supervision of KMDA/appointed project engineer

Implementation of Mitigation and Management Measures

Measures to mitigate construction stage impacts being implemented through standard construction contract provisions

Need specific mitigation measures to avoid and manage the construction stage environment and safety issues Specific EHS standards along with roles and responsibilities are provided in the RFP to the concessionaire to



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Gap Remarks

avoid and manage the construction stage environment and safety issues.

Principle of Avoidance

Not applicable Since the project involves only the augmentation of existing facilities this does not arise

Linkages with other projects

Not applicable This sub project is not linked to any other project

Involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas

Not applicable Does not apply to this project

Recognition of untitled persons such as squatters and encroachers including customary rights

Not applicable

No non-titleholder affected by this sub project However, STP and pumping station staff are staying in the staff quarters.

Avoiding displacement of Indigenous People

Not applicable

No indigenous person in the project area

Planning Threshold for Resettlement Plan (RP)

Preparation of RAP is not required

As discussed with KMDA, all pumping station and STP land belong to Govt. and No non-titleholder affected

Need to replace / restore CPRs

Not applicable

CPRs not affected

Consultation and participation of PAPs during project planning

No consultations carried out. As per KMDA, Fisher man from the unemployed group of people those who are involved with

Consultation with peoples involved in pissiculture and operation & maintenance of existing assets to be carried out by the concessionaire.



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Gap Remarks

Pisciculture have already been informed regarding this project

Participation of NGOs in project planning

No NGO involved

Cut-off date Not applicable Not required in this project Definition of a family for R&R assistance

Not applicable ESMF defines family. Not required in this sub project

Need and scope of census and socio-economic surveys

Not applicable Census not required as no new land to be purchased

Compensation Not applicable As discussed with KMDA, all pumping station and STP land belong to Govt. and No non-titleholder affected

Primary Authority for Land Acquisition

Not applicable Not required in this project

Principle to restore/improve living standards

Not carried out Livelihood of the peoples involved in pissiculture and operation & maintenance of existing assets to be assessed and suitable improvement to be assessed.

Compensation for land at replacement value


Treatment of depreciation and Salvage

Not applicable No loss of structure

Transaction and transition fee

Not applicable



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Gap Remarks

Land for Land as an option for compensation

Not applicable

Not required in this sub project

Resettlement Assistance

Cash assistance over and above compensation

Not applicable Not required in this sub project

Assistance to poorest of the poor or vulnerable category of people

Not applicable


Provision of infrastructure and public services at resettlement sites

Not applicable


Implementation Implementation of RP


Participation of civil society in implementation of RP

Not applicable


Opportunity for PAPs to participate in planning, design and implementation

Not carriedout Absorbing / providing training to the existing contractor’s staff involved in operation and maintenance of existing STP and pumping stations need to be identified

Disclosure of Resettlement Plan

Not applicable


Grievance Redressal Mechanism



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Gap Remarks

Procedure for dispute resolution and appeals

Government's grievance handling mechanism through the office of district magistrate

Composition of Grievance Redress Committee

NO project specific GRC established

Participation of representative of PAPs and civil society

No public consultation ever carried out

Monitoring Independent monitoring

No monitoring mechanism in place

Periodic evaluation and monitoring

No evaluation process in place

3.8. RECOMMENDED ACTION PLAN 3.8.1. Regulatory permissions

Consent to Establish under Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1972 shall be obtained by the concessionaire for the establishment of Sewage Treatment Plant immediately, as this needs to be obtained even before start of construction. Consent condition shall be complied with and compliance report shall be submitted periodically to State Pollution Control Board as per consent condition.

3.8.2. Environment Management Plan (EMP) Preparation and Implementation



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An EMP shall be developed by the concessionaire which shall identify key environmental issues, the mitigation measure, capacity building training and awareness. Nature of reporting and frequency shall also be defined which should preferably be every six months. The EMP shall be integrated in the contract documents, with necessary amendments (if necessary) or agreements with the concessionaire and shall be implemented for the construction period.

Independent Environment and Social/ Compliance Monitoring Audit by the third-party independent inspection agency shall be carried out annually, as per the ESMF requirements of NGRBA program.

3.8.3. Design and Planning Aspects

Consent to Establish under Water (prevention and Control of pollution) Act. 1972 shall be obtained for the establishment of Sewage Treatment Plant, as this needs to be obtained prior to start of construction work.

Consent conditions shall be complied with and compliance report shall be submitted periodically to the West Bengal State Pollution Control Board.

A detailed project specific ESAMP / EMP requires to be prepared by the Concessionaire during the project execution/operation stages and should obtain approval from NMCG and the World Bank

The Detailed EMP once approved by the NMCG and World Bank should be integrated in the Bid/Contract documents, with necessary amendments (if necessary) or agreements with the Concessionaire and should be fully complied during the execution/operation stages.

Periodic progress reporting (monthly, quarterly and yearly) requires to be done by the Concessionaire, and the frequency of submission to EA/SPMG should be mentioned in the EMP.

Tree plantation along with landscaping around the STP is advised in order to improve the aesthetic value and also to control bad odour.

Permission for tree felling (if any) should be obtained from the Forest Department.

Permission for use of water for construction purpose from irrigation department/CGWA (for Surface or Ground Water) respectively.

Labour license requires to be obtained by Operator prior to construction. Pollution under Control Certificate should be obtained for Construction Vehicles. Earth materials should be procured from approved / licensed quarries. Higher capacity DG sets should be complied with CPCB norms, adequate

Stack Height and Acoustic Measure should be mandated.



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Formal Intimation to line department to be given regarding excavation works in order to avoid or minimize the damages to existing utilities in the construction site. The Sewerage lines are planned beneath the existing road, so an alternative traffic management plan, diversion plan or avoidance to congestion plan should be in place.

Independent Environment and Social/Compliance Monitoring Audit by the third-party independent inspection agency should be carried out annually, as per the ESMF requirements of NGRBA program.

3.8.4. Design and Operational Specific

Specific site shall be identified for intermittent storage of waste at each SPS, STP and shall be disposed in the designated site. Tree planation shall be made on the periphery of the SPS and STP site to prevent spread of bad odour and undertake landscaping to enhance aesthetic at each SPS & STP locations. Consideration may be given for constructing peripheral drain around the site with small opening intermittently in the boundary wall to allow run off rainwater to drain off without accumulating in the adjacent residential areas. Excavated materials should be used for backfilling of the trench area, low lying

areas of the site. Efficient site restoration measure should be developed and checked regularly

by assigned engineer to avoid the public and traffic inconvenience. Maintenance of Site health (Air, water, Noise, Soil Quality) and safety of worker

(OHS) should be checked regularly. Advance notice to local residents / shop owners and vendors to avoid

inconvenience to vendors/squatters shall be given. KMDA shall adopt the public relation activities to disseminate the necessary

information about the project like (i) announcement on FM radio, (II) space in local newspaper, (III) printing and distributing pamphlets through local newspaper vendors, and (IV) putting up information boards at construction site.

KMDA through the HAM operator should ensure (i) adequate safety measures during construction, (ii) ensure uninterrupted access to residences and shops, (iii) sprinkle water to control dust, and (iv) restoration of sites without delay.



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Local community should be consulted before commencement of works at respective locations; this should be organized through awareness campaigns and disclosure of information related to the project components.

EA (KMDA) is advised to hire services of local NGO/CBO for information dissemination and public consultation.

It is required for EA (KMDA) to establish district specific grievance redress mechanism for the subproject as outlined in ESMF to address the grievances of the community and designate Grievance Redressal officer. Apart from that, a separate register shall be maintained by the Operator in weekly meetings to address the Grievances (if any discussed and resolved). If the matter will not be resolved in weekly meeting, it will be forwarded to higher level for decision.

3.8.5. Land Acquisition The proposals does not involve land acquisition

3.8.6. Stakeholder Consultation and Disclosure Since the public consultation was not carried during the project preparation stage, this should be organised during this implementation stage through awareness campaign and disclosure of information related to the subproject interventions. KMDA to hire services of local NGO / CBO for information dissemination and public consultation Approximate time required to close the work should also be made public.

3.8.7. Grievance Redresses

KMDA to establish district specific grievance redress mechanism for the subproject as outlined in ESMF to address the grievances of the community. KMDA should also appoint / designate one Grievance redressal officer.

3.9. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE OF THE ACTION PLAN



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Table 3.6: Implementation Schedule S.No Action Responsibility Time frame Environment Management 1. Prepare Environment

Management Plan and incorporate in the construction contract

ConcessionaireKMDA/SPMG

Immediately upon appointment of concessionaire / Prior to the effectiveness.

2. Obtain ‘Consent’ of WB Pollution Control Board for expansion and operation of STP

Concessionaire/KMDA/SPMG


3 Obtain "consent to Operate" for operation of STP

Concessionaire Ensure that the operation of the STP starts only after receipt of the consent to operate.

4. Initiate implementation of the recommended measures (presented in sect. 3.8)

KMDA/SPMG through Concessionaire

Throughout the project period

DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 5 Prepare detailed ESMP

and obtain the approval of NMCG/ Word Bank.

Concessionaire Within 3 months of signing of contract.

6 Implementation of detailed ESMP and ESHS guidelines (as per the bid document) and approval of NMCG/World Bank

Concessionaire Throughout the project period to be implemented by the Concessionaire and supervised by the project engineer and then by KMDA and SPMG.

Social Safeguard 7 Independent assessment

of exact livelihood loss and KMDA/SPMG Before the effective date



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compensation as per the latest ESMF framework.

8 Physical possession of land

KMDA Before the effective date

9. Hiring of NGO/ CBO for information dissemination



10. Preparation of IEC material


One Month after action 5

11. Establishing district level GRC

KMDA/SPMG/Project Engineer

Immediate/ Prior to the Disbursement of retroactive claim under the project

12. Designate Grievance Redress Officer

Concessionaire /KMDA/SPMG

Immediate after Action 11

13. Information dissemination Concessionaire /KMDA/SPMG

Continuous after Action 6

14. In-country disclosure of this ESDDR and SMP

KMDA/ULB/NMCG Immediate

Broad Institutional Arrangement for the preparation and implementation of detailed ESMP is presented in Figure 3.6 below:



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Figure 3.6:Organization Structure for the Implementation of ESMP

3.10. Benefits accrued from the project Improvement of river water quality due to reduction in contamination of river water

in nutrient levels, abundance of biomass and diversity of organisms and alteration of tropic interaction among both aquatic flora and fauna.

Present load of pollution in terms of BOD, TSS and COD will be stopped after arresting the wastewater discharging freely to river Ganga.

Reduction in Coli form Organisms, BOD and suspended solids in the treated effluent will ensure increase in DO level in the river water quality.

Prevention of ground water and soil pollution due to infiltration of untreated liquid waste

Improvement of the conditions of the people living in the town adjoining the river as well as creating an eco-friendly environment.

Protection of Marine life arising from sewage disposal. Avoidance of Health risk associated with sewage contamination. Elimination of Elevated nutrient levels resulted in excessive growth of algal blooms

which may result in production of algal toxins.

Project Manager

Environmental Officer

(DBO Operator)

State Pollution

Control Board

Execution, commissioning



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Avoidance of communicable and waterborne diseases. The inhabitants will enjoy full sanitation facility and the city will overcome

unscientific waste water disposal system. Reduction in medical expenses and considerable savings as a result of improved

health is considered to be an indirect consequence owing to the implementation of this project.

Significant improvement in the overall public hygiene and sanitation levels in the local environment is achieved.



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Annexure-1

Environment and Social information format for screening Project Title: Environmental and Social Safeguard Due Diligence report for

development of STPs in Kolkata – Sub Project 1 - Bally Implementing agency: Kolkatta Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) Project components:

1. Construction, Operations & Maintenance of one 40 MLD STP in Bally 2. Operation and maintenance of one existing 22 MLD STP in Bally 3. Rehabilitation and Operations & Maintenance of one 70 MLD MPS at Bally 4. Rehabilitation and operations & maintenance of 6 existing SPS at Bally 5. Construction, Operations & Maintenance of 7 I&D structures 6. Rehabilitation and operations & maintenance of 7 I&D structures 7. Replacement of gravity main sewer line of 3.5 km 8. Replacement of rising main sewer line of 1.3 km in Bally 9. Replacement of effluent discharge line – 200 m

Project location (Area/ district) : Bally Town

Screening Criteria Assessment of category (High/ low)

Explanatory note for categorisation

1 Is the project in an eco-sensitive area or adjoining an eco-sensitive area? (Yes/No) If Yes, which is the area? Elaborate impact accordingly.

No Impact The project area is located outside the Sundarbans forest area and coastal regulation zone as indicated in Figure 3.4 & 3.5 and falls outside the 10 km radius. The treated wastewater disposal is encouraged as per GO and it is proposed to discharge in the River Hoogly



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which is also not falling within the Eco sensitive area

2 Will the project create significant/ limited/ no social impacts?

No impact

No land acquisition required

• Land acquisition resulting in loss of income from agricultural land, plantation or other existing land-use.

No impact

Not applicable

• Land acquisition resulting in relocation of households.

No impact

Not applicable

• Any reduction of access to traditional and river dependent communities (to river and areas where they earn for their primary or substantial livelihood).

Limited and short-term impact

Livelihood of the peoples involved in pissiculture and operation & maintenance of existing assets to be assessed and suitable improvement to be assessed.

• Any displacement or adverse impact on tribal settlement(s).

No impact

No land acquisition or relocation of settlement is required

• Any specific gender issues. No impact

No gender issues observed / raised in the focus group discussion

3 Will the project create significant / limited / no environmental impacts during the construction stage? (Significant / limited / no impacts)

Limited & short-term impact

The proposed project is a small scheme of rehabilitation and renovation of existing sewerage treatment plant, pumping station and sewerage network and its allied work. Hence has low or no impact on environment



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• Clearance of vegetation/ tree-cover

Limited impact

No vegetation or tree cover needs to cleared

• Direct discharge of construction run-off, improper storage and disposal of excavation spoils, wastes and other construction materials adversely affecting water quality and flow regimes


The excavated soil and other waste may affect the water quality if stored in-appropriate manner. The boundary wall may act as barrier in absence of peripheral drains and opening in the boundary walls. No such major civil works are involved. De-siltation of sewerage network, replacement of existing pumps will not produce any significant amount waste.

• Improper storage and handling of substances leading to contamination of soil and water


No such material will be used which may contaminate or create pollution

• Flooding of adjacent areas Limited impact

Dewatering for construction will not generate significant amount of water to flooding adjacent areas

• Elevated noise and dust emission


Use of noise making equipment like compressors without acoustic enclosures and absence of dust suppression measures may lead to this. Proper measure will be taken during execution to minimize the noise and dust emissions.



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• Disruption to traffic movements Limited and short term impact

This will happen especially during working in the narrow lane areas.

• Damage to existing infrastructure, public utilities, amenities etc.

Limited and short term impact

No damage to existing infrastructure will be involved

• Failure to restore temporary construction sites


The roads will be reinstated to its original conditions after laying of sewer lines.

• Possible conflicts with and/or disruption to local community

Limited impact

The local community will be made aware of the temporary nature of disruptions

• Health risks due to unhygienic conditions at workers’ camps

Limited impact

Adequate sanitation facilities and safety arrangement will be provided to the works to tackle on site hazards

• Safety hazards during construction


Due to inadequate adherence to Occupational Health & Safety Practices including use of PPEs.

4 Will the project create significant / limited / no environmental impacts during the operational stage? (Significant / limited / no impacts)

Limited STP treated effluent and digested sludge will be ensured to meet the specified standards. All the equipments and machinery shall be selected such that the noise level is well within the permissible limits


Backup power for the pumping stations will ensure minimum flooding and odour nuisance in case of power failure.



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• Impacts to water quality due to effluent discharge

Limited impact

If untreated sewage is discharged to river, in case of STP breakdown.

• Gas emissions Limited impact

The gas will be let out to atmosphere in case of power generation facility and flaring mechanism breakdown

• Safety hazards Limited impact

Mechanised system and trained persons will be used to run the pumping stations and STPs will reduce the risk of safety hazards

5 Do projects of this nature / type require prior environmental clearance either from the MOEF or from a relevant state Government department? (MOEF/ relevant State Government department/ No clearance at all)

Yes Consent from State Pollution Control Board under Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1972.

6 Does the project involve any prior clearance from the MOEF or State Forest department for either the conversion of forest land or for tree-cutting? (Yes/ No). If yes, which?

Yes Permission for cutting trees from concerned district/forest departments.

7 Please attach photographs and location maps along with this completed Environmental Information Format For Screening.

Included in the report

Overall assessment Limited impact



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Annexure-2

Details of drains discharging into River Ganga

Name of drains

Description

Width of the drain (m)

Variable water depth (m)

Shri Charan Sarani

This drain carries wastewater from entire Ward - 2

1.20 0.06 – 0.10

Jaya Bibi Ghat

The outfall drain at Jayabibi Lane at the southern end of ward no. 17 carries both DWF and storm runoff from ward no. 26 & remaining part of ward 16, 18, 22 & 21.

1.25 0.07 – 0.10

B.O.C ground

The outfall drain near B. O. C. Ground in ward no. 1 carry DWF & storm water from ward no. 3 & part of ward no. 1 & 5 to river Ganga.

1.30 0.07 – 0.105



40

Name of drains

Description



B.K.Pal Temple road

This outfall drain carries wastewater from ward no. 16, 22, part of 27, 21 & 18.

1.30 0.05 – 0.061

Rashbari Ghat drain

The outfall drain near Rash Bari in ward no. 8 carries DWF & storm water from ward no. 6, 7, 9, 8, 10, 11 and 12 to river Ganga.

1.25 0.075 – 0.083

Ramlochon Shrine Street

The outfall drain near Ramlochan Street at the junction of ward no. 13, 14 & 15 use to carry DWF & storm water from ward no. 15, 19, 20, 23, 24, & part of 27 to river Ganga.

1.15 0.06 – 0.075

Lala Babu Shaha Ghat

The outfall drain near Lala Babu Shire Road Ghat in ward no. 13, 14 carries waste water from ward

1.15 0.072 – 0.088



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Name of drains

Description



no. 12 & 16 to river Ganga.

Gadadhar Bhattacharya road, Ashram Para, Lilluah

The outfalls drain of Lilluah in ward no. 35 use to carry DWF & storm water from ward no. 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 & 35 to I&W channel B.C No. 2.

1.30 0.076-0.09

Source: Condition Assessment Report for Sewerage Network and STPs in Bally Town, West Bengal under Namame Gange programme, West Bengal



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Site visit photos

Collection Well I&D structure

Main pumping station STP - Kona

LS-1- Hanuman Jute mill LS-2 – Bellur math



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LS-3 – Bally Khal LS-4 Panchanantala

LS-5 – Salt Gola LS-6- Gola bari



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4. Sub Project 2 - Howrah


The Howrah city is in the state of West Bengal & situated in between 22º 35' 30" North Latitude and 88º 21' 0" East Longitude, spread over 14 kilometres along the west bank of the river Hooghly (Ganges). It is about 12 meters above sea level. The nearest domestic airport is at Calcutta which is around 17 KM away from Howrah city. Howrah is a municipal corporation, sprawling over an area of about 51.04 sq km. According to census 2011, Howrah has a population of 10.77 lakhs. It is administratively divided into 7 Borough (zones) and 50 wards. Howrah Municipal Corporation had been suffering from inadequacy of sewage handling system since fifties of the past century. So far as the disposal of wastewater is concerned, the environmental condition remained precarious till Howrah Improvement Trust (H.I.T) took up for its improvement for construction of 45 MLD capacity Trickling Filter type Sewage Treatment Plant at Arupara to serve a population of 230,000 which was 40% of the projected population along with sewers (28 km) and was constructed by Geo Miller Company in seventies. Coverage of 550 hectares (about 17% of the original municipal area) and integration of certain surface drains notwithstanding the plant could ever receive its rated inflow to run effectively, as because the motivation to convert Service latrines into Service connections evoked lukewarm response from the house owners. The plant in that state was later handed over by H.I.T to Kolkata Metropolitan Water and Sanitation Authority (KMW&SA) in March 1983 at non operational stage. Some of the components especially those made of steel, had further been subjected to atmospheric corrosion. However, lack of fund and inadequate flow stood in the way of its revitalization, thorough repairs, overhauling, and replacements.



45

Thus even after construction of the plant there was little biological treatment for meagre flow that was received and the whole sewage was used to be by-passed into the effluent channel and fed into the Howrah Drainage Canal which ultimately discharges into the River Ganga. In addition Howrah Drainage Canal, having its separate points of pollution, used to receive a bulk of organic pollutants from the Sewage Treatment Plant itself at that time.

4.2. Sewerage Zones within the project area

As per zoning plan received from the authorities, part of Howrah Municipal Corporation (HMC) has been divided in 5 sewerage zones. There are no zoning details available for the remaining area. As per sewer design part of the zones are considered the details are as follows:

Table 4. 1: Sewerage zones

Sewerage zone Number of wards coverage area A 1 14 wards & 2.91 Sq.km

A 2 10 wards & 3.79 Sq.km A 3 6 wards & 2.50 Sq.km E 3 wards & 2.12 Sq.km F 5 wards & 4.13 Sq.km I & D sewer 8 wards & 4.54 Sq.km

Source: Data from KMDA



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Figure 4. 1: Map showing the STP, PS, MPS & zones covered in Howrah Municipal Corporation

4.3. Baseline details 4.3.1. Existing infrastructure

Table 4. 2: Existing sewage treatment plant

Description Year of installation Capacity

Type of technology Status / Remarks

Arupara STP 1970 45 million litres per

Trickling filter type

The STP outlived the life. Most of the buildings and



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Description Year of installation

Capacity Type of technology

Status / Remarks

day (MLD)

civil structures are in dilapidated condition. The STP outlived the life. Most of the electro mechanical works are not in good condition and requires total replacement

Source: KMDA data

Table 4. 3: Existing pumping stations

Pumping station Location

Lifting station (LS) – 1 BESU Lifting station – 2 At CPT land (Foreshore) Lifting station – 3 At Round Tank Pumping station (PS) – Itcapur At Itcapur Main pumping station (MPS) Arupara

At Arupara

Source: KMDA data Further details of STP, pumping stations and site photos are provided in Annexure 4

4.3.2. Treated water quality

Table 4. 4: Sewage Quality

Parameter August 2009 Influent Effluent Max Avg Max Avg

BOD 78 - 28 - Filtered BOD - - - - COD 140 - 72 -



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Parameter August 2009 Influent Effluent Max Avg Max Avg

pH 6.87 - 7.66 - Total suspended solids 308 - 56 - The outlet quality is well within the limits as per earlier standards and prescribed norms. However, there is a need to improve the output quality based on latest notification.

Source: KMDA data

Though the parameters of the treated water are considered to be within the earlier prescribed norms, as the test report shared by KMDA officials are dated more than 8 years ago, the same is required to be validated as on date by KMDA officials and necessary corrective action if any.

4.3.3. Sewage flow

Based on the ward map and zoning map, some of the wards are not covered in the DPR. However, it is mentioned in the DPR that “contributing population was divided into two major groups viz. Group “a” i.e. population belonging to zone A to G which would have sewer with STP. The rest i.e. group “b” would have Low Cost Sanitation facility with only sullage coming to drains”. It is proposed to adopt exclusive septage management plant within the Arupara STP complex and operate until the establishment of sewerage network and sewage treatment plant. In addition, it is also to be noted that the sewage from some portion of North Howrah area is discharged towards Bally either through lifting stations or through natural canal (Pacha khal).

4.3.4. Sewage generation Based on the zoning and population details and as per the Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Systems given by the Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Department (CPHEEO), the sewage demand has been worked out:



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Table 4. 5: Population projection & estimated sewage generation Description 2020 2035 2050 Total Population 11,33,121 12,37,380 13,39,630 Total Sewage generation in MLD 134.61 147 159.15 Sewage generation in Wards covered in Bally

21.48 23.46 25.40

Sewage generation in Wards covered in Howrah Municipal Corporation

64.59 70.53 76.36

Sewage generation in Rest of Howrah Municipal Corporation covered by septic tank

48.54 53.01 57.39

Source: TA’s analysis 4.3.5. Proposed Activities

• Construction, Operations & Maintenance of one 65 MLD STP in Howrah • Rehabilitation and Operations & Maintenance of one 75 MLD MPS at Itcapur • Rehabilitation and operations & maintenance of 2 existing MPS & 3 lifting

stations at Howrah • Replacement of existing rising mains with new rising main-700m • Renovation of existing 2.75 m dia. brick sewer including de-silting & road

restoration -600 m • Replacement of existing sewer line Supplying & Laying of sewer line-2007m • Construction, Operations & Maintenance of facilities for handling 150 cum/day

of septage management within Arupara STP complex for Rest of Howrah Municipal Corporation covered by septic tank



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Figure 4. 2: Process requirements and design criteria of sewerage work in

Howrah



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4.4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL PROFILE OF THE AREA AND SCREENING

No separate environmental assessment specific to the sub-project was carried out at DPR (Detailed Project Report) stage. DPRs are also doesn’t integrate environmental management aspects into the design also no social impact assessment (SIA) was carried out for the project


The site for the proposed STP plant is fixed beside the old existing conventional STP Plant at Arupara of Ichapur Area – Howrah. Total number of population as per 2011 census is 10,77,075 of which 5,61,220 are males while 5,15,855 are females. Literacy rate of Howrah city is 88.71 % higher than state average of 76.26 %. In Bally, Male literacy is around 91.06% while female literacy rate is 86.15%. Howrah Municipality has total administration over 2,44,135 houses. The town is basically agglomeration of different kind of religious people like Hindu (82.72%), Muslims (15.25%), Jain (0.75%), Sikhs (0.19%), Christen (0.34%), etc . Rapid urbanization has put tremendous pressure on the existing infrastructures and public utility services as well as catalysing unbridled environmental pollution. In addition, there is a sharp rise of the urban poor population predominately concentrated in the slum or squatter settlements. Total no. of Slums in Howrah city numbers 18,041 in which population of 83,509 resides. This is around 7.75% of total population of Haora city

Most of the people residing there are businessman & service holder and approx. 20% of the total population are basically worker. Majority of municipal residents belong to BPL and minority community having odd employment in unorganised sector with poor and irregular payment. It has been understood that borrowing money or taking loans become common phenomenon amongst them either to support their family or to spend money on critical illness. This way they end up with huge debts and very often being exploited by money lenders. A good many people because of their profession like Rickshaw puller, semi/unskilled labourers and others live in slums



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4.4.2. Climate

Howrah climate is like tropical with monsoon season spreading from early June to early October. The weather remains dry during winter (mid-November to mid- February) and humid during the summer in the range between 50 – 95%. During the months of April and May, thunderstorms, sometimes accompanied by hail, frequently occur at dusk. Winter prevails for a short period with chilling dry wind coming from the northeast. The cold weather sets in by the middle of November and lasts till about the middle of February. January is the coldest month

4.4.3. Topography The average elevation is about 3.5 m. On the western part of the railway line the slope of the terrain tends towards Howrah drainage channel on the west away from the railway track. The elevation varies from 5.0 m to 2.75 m. The average ground level in this portion is 3.80 m.

4.4.4. Soil Characteristics The state of West Bengal comprises two natural divisions. They are the Himalayan north comprising the districts of Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri and Cooch Behar and the alluvial plain that lies south. On the basis of agro-climatic conditions, the state has been broadly divided into 6 regions such as (1) Hill regions, (2) Tarai & Teesta alluvial regions, (3) Red laterite and gravelly undulating region (4) Vindhya alluvial region, (5) Gangetic alluvial region, (6) Coastal region. The physiographic of West Bengal can be divided into two major regions: A. Himalayan Region B. Gangetic Plains Gangetic Plains: The Lower Ganga Plain in West Bengal forms a part of the Indo-Gangetic Plains. 14 districts of West Bengal are contained in this physiographic region. This region is further divided into four micro physiographic zones. These are: Gangetic alluvial regions mostly in the north and eastern part of the river Ganga comprising Nadia, part of Malda, west Dinajpur, Murshidabad, Burdwan,



53

Hooghly and 24-Paraganas districts. The Southern portion of 24-paraganas; Howrah and Midnapur constitutes the coastal region. Deposits from tidal currents in the estuary region result into formation of a cluster of islands. Soils of the alluvial plain which includes Indo-gangetic alluvium (recent, active and old) are also very deep, imperfectly to poorly drained, fine-loamy and also coarse-loamy in texture and with moderate flooding problem in some cases. The soil of delta plain are very deep, imperfectly to poorly drained, fine in texture and have the problem of inundation and salinity and is classified as Aeric Haplaquepts and Typic Haplaquepts. Undulating plain area is represented by very deep, fine-loamy and coarse-loamy soils with moderate erosion and classified as Aeric Ochraqualfs, Typic Ustifluvents and Typic Haplustalfs.


4.4.6. Air quality

There is no baseline data available within and surrounding the project area.

4.4.7. Flora & Fauna There is no baseline data available within and surrounding the project area.

4.4.8. Ecologically sensitive area None of the project area involves forest land or is located close to any ecologically sensitive areas. No archeologically protected monument is located in close proximity. No issue related to indigenous people or involuntary resettlement, are identified in the project. The project area is located outside the Sundarbans forest area and coastal regulation zone as indicated in Figure 4.3 & 4.4



54

The Sundarbans is a mangrove area in the delta formed by the confluence of Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers in the Bay of Bengal. It spans from the Hooghly River in India's state of West Bengal to the Baleswar River in Bangladesh. It comprises closed and open mangrove forests, agriculturally used land, mudflats and barren land, and is intersected by multiple tidal streams and channels. Four protected areas in the Sundarbans are enlisted as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, viz Sundarbans National Park, Sundarbans West, Sundarbans South and Sundarbans East Wildlife Sanctuaries The Sundarbans mangrove forest covers an area of about 10,000 km2 (3,900 sq mi). Of which, forests in Bangladesh's Khulna Division extend over 6,017 km2 (2,323 sq mi) and in West Bengal, they extend over 4,260 km2 (1,640 sq mi) across the South 24 Parganas and North 24 Parganas districts. Sundarban area is located at a radius of more than 50 km from the project site.

Figure 4. 3:Surrounding features with in 10 KM area of Project



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Figure 4. 4: Distance between surbans forest and project area Environmental and social screening carried out as part of this due diligence exercise using the screening matrix of the Environmental and Social Management Framework of NGRBA Project (Annexure-3), concludes that the project components have limited impact to environment and can be mitigated with provision adequate mitigation measures and adoption of environmental management plan. The project hence is categorized as ‘Low Impact’ category.


As part of the due diligence, the team visited the project area on October 3-4, 2017 and carried out detailed interactions with implementing agency, operators and visited project sites. A review of the project DPR, design, drawings was also carried out by the team. There is no specific stakeholder consultation carried out either by DPR consultant / by implementing agency. For successful implementation of the project requires significant inputs in the areas of public relations and community management. It requires community organization, mobilization and regular communication to ensure constructive participation of different stakeholders by the followings means,



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Existing pumping stations and sewage treatment plant is being operated and maintained by agencies involving totally around 46 staffs in all categories. KMDA is in the process of collating the information such as number of labours / staff, their salary, other facilities, age, etc and expected to provide the details to the concessionaire for carrying out the necessary stakeholder consultantion in order to identify and ensure proper safeguard instruments for the implementaiton of ESAMP / ESMP for re-engagement or absorption or providing training to the existing manpower. Details of existing staffs is enclosed as Annexure C

4.6. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL FINDINGS

4.6.1. Compliance to Regulatory Requirements




• Labour license requires to be obtained by the Operator prior to construction It is advisable to undertake tree plantation around the STPs, SPSs which will help improve aesthetics and also bad odour to the neighbouring communities. Tree plantation around the STP site is mandatory condition while obtaining the consent to Establish.



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Separate EHS standards to be followed by the concessionaire during construction phase and operation phase is provided in the MCA and the same is annexed with this as Annexure-A


• The Sewage and STP Scheme at Arupara is neither located in any eco-sensitive area nor it is located in any adjoining eco-sensitive area.


• The screening also reiterates that the project will not adversely affect the livelihood except the persons involved in the pissiculture and operationg and maintenance of existing assets The limited impacts likely to be on the environment are suggested to be mitigated by way of project specific environmental management plan.


Urban Development & Municipal affairs Department, Government of West Bengal is functioning as the State Program Management Group (SPMG) for the implementation of NBRGA projects. Under the SPMG, Kolkatta Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) is functioning as the Executing Agency. The Sewerage and STP Scheme at Arupara will also be implemented under the same structure. One Environmental Safeguard Official placed at SPMG is functioning as the focal point for environment and social safeguards. The Contract for implementing the Sewerage and STP Scheme at Arupara is based on Hybrid Annuity Model.



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None of Sewage Pumping Stations (SPS) have defined system of appropriate collection and disposal of bio-degradable and non-biodegradable waste screened out at each of the SPSs. Currently waste is collected and stored intermittently within SPS site area and disposed to low lying area of the city or to locations where municipal solid waste is being disposed off. As most of these SPSs are located close to habitations, people in close vicinity to these SPSs might have the issue of bad smell of sewage. Substantial debris and mud will be generated during laying of trunk sewer, construction of SPS and STP. Management plan should include the preservation of Top soil with good productivity and reuse for agricultural purposes and use of debris as filing material and safe disposal of unusable material. Soil and debris can be well managed for planned land filling and landscaping. Digested sludge from STP is good for use as manure. Currently there is no day to day sludge production except periodic desilting of STP. Management plan should include the proper utilization and disposal or sale as organic manure for digested sludge. The land for disposal of sludge is not yet identified. There is no provision of holding of untreated sewage in case of STP breakdown. In such situation untreated sewage will flow to river and pollute it. No environmental management plan has been prepared for the project during detailed project report stage for management and monitoring of environmental impacts and mitigation during construction and operation phase. Since environmental impact is minimal and issues are simple, this EMP can be easily evolved with certain guidance. Even simple guidelines can be evolved and referred by implementing agency as reference guidance document. This can be suitably modified as required specific to each sub project.



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4.6.5. Construction / OHS Issues.

The Operator who will be procured for the project on Hybrid Annuity Model, is liable to develop a project specific EMP. The Operator should ensure that the following aspects are included and implemented on site, complying with the provisions given in ESMF:






• Physical impacts will also be reduced by the method of working, whereby the Truck sewer & rising main laying and Drain will probably be constructed by small teams working on short lengths at a time, so impacts will be mainly localized and short in duration. Because of this and the mitigation measures



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proposed above, impacts on the physical environment are not expected to be of major significance.


o Consulting ULB/KMDA/MC to identify any buildings at risk from vibration damage and avoiding any use of heavy vehicles in the vicinity;







Personal -Protective Equipment; o Health and Safety Training for all site personnel; o Documented procedures to be followed for all site activities;



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o Accident reports and records; etc. • Operator should adopt appropriate implementation mechanism for

restoration of topsoil (to control soil disturbance), dust suppression, use of DG sets in acoustic enclosure with proper stack height (for betterment of Air), restoration of construction sites, etc.







• The proposed expansion work of Arupara STP and all SPS’s is being carried out within the existing STP/SPS premises.

• No squatter or encroacher was found in any of the project sites. • The construction of sewage network is envisaged mainly along the existing

carriageway of the PWD or Municipality roads. However there exists some temporary shops along the existing pipeline which require temporary resettlement action plan for implementing the project.

• Project has not carried out any assessment of adverse impact that sub project may have on the community

• No specific staff employed or assigned by the implementing agencies to deal with the social safeguard issues in any of these subprojects.

4.6.7. Details of Compensation and other assistance

No such issue is involved since land belongs to Howrah Municipal Corporation. There is no encroacher or squatter found in the designated land under this subproject. Necessary ESMP to be prepared for absorbing / providing training to



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the existing contractor’s staff involved in operation and maintenance of existing STP and pumping stations.


The local communities are aware of the subproject works but no specific public consultations were carried out during project preparation to disseminate project information


Though no formal grievances have been recorded, project has not established any project specific grievance redressal mechanism. The only mechanism available is the District Grievance Cell through District Magistrate’s office. KMDA officials also informally handle grievances if any.



Table 4. 6: Summary gap analysis Key Principles and Attributes

Gap Remarks


Not Carried out The due diligence indicates low impact (except during the construction phase) due to the project Project will be implemented in Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) The project does not trigger EIA notification 2006. The Duration of associated impact shall be during construction phase. This can be mitigated through proper project specific Environmental Management Plan (EMP) prepared and implemented by the HAM



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Gap Remarks

Operator under the supervision of KMDA/appointed project engineer

Analysis of Alternatives

Was done as part of project planning, but no specific analysis / documentation done

Since the project involves only the augmentation of existing facilities this does not arise. Carried out as part of the site identification for pumping stations and treatment plant sites. But not documented



Need specific mitigation measures to avoid and manage the construction stage environment and safety issues Specific EHS standards along with roles and responsibilities are provided in the RFP to the concessionaire to avoid and manage the construction stage environment and safety issues.

Principle of Avoidance

Not applicable Since the project involves only the augmentation of existing facilities this does not arise





Recognition of untitled persons such as squatters and encroachers

Not applicable

No non-titleholder affected by this sub project. However, STP and pumping station staff are staying in the staff quarters



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Gap Remarks

including customary rights Avoiding displacement of Indigenous People

Not applicable






Not applicable

CPRs not affected


No consultations carried out

Consultation with peoples involved in operation & maintenance of existing assets to be carried out by the concessionaire.


No NGO involved





Compensation Not applicable As discussed with KMDA, all pumping station and STP land belong to Govt. and No non-titleholder affected.





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Gap Remarks


Not carried out Livelihood of the peoples involved in operation & maintenance of existing assets to be assessed and suitable improvement to be assessed






Not applicable


Not applicable






Not applicable



Not applicable


Implementation Implementation of RP


Participation of civil society in

Not applicable




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Gap Remarks

implementation of RP Opportunity for PAPs to participate in planning, design and implementation



Not applicable






NO project specific GRC established




No monitoring mechanism in place


No evaluation process in place



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An EMP shall be developed by the concessionaire who shall identify key environmental issues, the mitigation measure, capacity building training and awareness. Nature of reporting and frequency shall also be defined which should preferably be six monthly. The EMP shall be integrated in the contract documents, with necessary amendments (if necessary) or agreements with the concessionaire and shall be implemented for the construction period.

Independent Environment and Social/ Compliance Monitoring Audit by the third party independent inspection agency shall be carried out annually, as per the ESMF requirements of NGRBA program.





The Detailed EMP once approved by the NMCG and World Bank should be integrated in the Bid/Contract documents, with necessary amendments (if



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necessary) or agreements with the Concessionaire and should be fully complied during the execution/operation stages.






Stack Height and Acoustic Measure should be mandated. Formal Intimation to line department to be given regarding excavation works in

order to avoid or minimize the damages to existing utilities in the construction site. The Sewerage lines are planned beneath the existing road, so an alternative traffic management plan, diversion plan or avoidance to congestion plan should be in place.



Specific site shall be identified for intermittent storage of waste at each SPS, STP and shall be disposed in the designated site. Tree plantation shall be made on the periphery of the SPS and STP site to prevent spread of bad odour and undertake landscaping to enhance aesthetic at each SPS & STP locations. Consideration may be given for constructing peripheral drain around the site with small opening intermittently in the boundary wall to allow run off rainwater to drain off without accumulating in the adjacent residential areas.



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Excavated materials should be used for backfilling of the trench area, low lying areas of the site.

Efficient site restoration measure should be developed and checked regularly by assigned engineer to avoid the public and traffic inconvenience.

Maintenance of Site health (Air, water, Noise, Soil Quality) and safety of worker (OHS) should be checked regularly.

Advance notice to local residents / shop owners and vendors to avoid inconvenience to vendors/squatters shall be given.

KMDA shall adopt the public relation activities to disseminate the necessary information about the project like (i) announcement on FM radio, (II) space in local newspaper, (III) printing and distributing pamphlets through local newspaper vendors, and (IV) putting up information boards at construction site.




It is required for EA (KMDA) to establish district specific grievance redress mechanism for the subproject as outlined in ESMF to address the grievances of the community and designate Grievance Redressal officer. Apart from that, a separate register shall be maintained by the Operator in weekly meetings to address the Grievances (if any discussed and resolved). If the matter will not be resolved in weekly meeting, it will be forwarded to higher level for decision.


4.7.6. Stakeholder Consultation and Disclosure Since the public consultation was not carried during the project preparation stage, this should be organised during this implementation stage through awareness campaign and disclosure of information related to the subproject interventions.



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KMDA to hire services of local NGO / CBO for information dissemination and public consultation Approximate time required to close the work should also be made public.


KMDA to establish district specific grievance redress mechanism for the sub project as outlined in ESMF to address the grievances of the community. KMDA also to appoint / designate one Grievance Redress Officer.


Table 4. 7: Implementation schedule S.No Action Responsibility Time frame Environment Management 1. Prepare

Environment Management Plan and incorporate in the construction contract

Concessionaire/KMDA/SPMG Immediately upon appointment of concessionaire / Prior to the effectiveness..

2. Obtain ‘Consent’ of WB Pollution Control Board for expansion and operation of STP

Concessionaire/KMDA/SPMG Immediately upon appointment of concessionaire / Prior to the effectiveness.

3. Obtain "consent to Operate" for operation of STP


4. Initiate implementation of the recommended measures





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S.No Action Responsibility Time frame (presented in sect. 4.7)

DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 5 Prepare detailed

ESMP and obtain the approval of NMCG/ Word Bank.




Social Safeguards 7 Independent

assessment of exact livelihood loss and compensation as per the latest ESMF framework.

KMDA/SPMG Before the effective date

8 Physical possession of land


9. Hiring of NGO/ CBO for information dissemination



Concessionaire/KMDA/SPMG One Month after action 5


KMDA/SPMG Immediate/ Prior to the Disbursement of retroactive claim under the project



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S.No Action Responsibility Time frame 12. Designate

Grievance Redress Officer

Concessionaire /KMDA/SPMG Immediate after Action 11

13. Information dissemination

Concessionaire /KMDA/SPMG Continuous after Action 6




Figure 4.5: Organization Structure for the Implementation of ESMP

Project Manager


(DBO Operator)

State Pollution

Control Board




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4.9. Benefits accrued from the project Improvement of river water quality due to reduction in contamination of river water






Protection of Marine life arising from sewage disposal. Avoidance of Health risk associated with sewage contamination. Elimination of Elevated nutrient levels resulted in excessive growth of algal blooms

which may result in production of algal toxins. Avoidance of communicable and waterborne diseases. The inhabitants will enjoy full sanitation facility and the city will overcome






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Annexure-3 Environment and Social information format for screening

Project Title: Environmental and Social Safeguard Due Diligence report for

development of STPs in Kolkata – Sub Project 2 – Arupara, Howrah Implementing agency: Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) Project components:

1. Construction, Operations & Maintenance of one 65 MLD STP in Howrah 2. Rehabilitation and Operations & Maintenance of one 75 MLD MPS at

Itcapur 3. Rehabilitation and operations & maintenance of 2 existing MPS & 3

lifting stations at Howrah 4. Replacement of existing rising mains with new rising main-700m 5. Renovation of existing 2.75 m dia. brick sewer including de-silting & road

restoration -600 m 6. Replacement of existing sewer line Supplying & Laying of sewer line-

2007m 7. Construction, Operations & Maintenance of facilities for handling 150

cum/day of septage management within Arupara STP complex for Rest of Howrah Municipal Corporation covered by septic tank

Project location (Area/ district): Arupara, Howrah

Screening Criteria

Assessment of category (High/ low)

Explanatory note for categorization


No Impact The project area is located outside the Sundarbans forest area and coastal regulation zone as indicated in Figure 4.3 & 4.4 and falls outside the 10 km radius. The treated wastewater disposal is encouraged as per GO and it is proposed to



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discharge in the River Hoogly which is also not falling within the Eco sensitive area


No impact No land acquisition required


No impact Not applicable


No impact Not applicable


Limited & short term impact

Livelihood of the peoples involved in operation & maintenance of existing assets to be assessed and suitable improvement to be assessed.


No impact


• Any specific gender issues. No impact




The proposed project is a small scheme of rehabilitation and renovation of existing sewerage treatment plant, pumping station and sewerage network and its allied work. Hence has low or no impact on environment


Limited impact

No vegetation or 15-25 tree cover needs to cleared except the new approach road and some of the plant area if required based on Concessionaire’s Layout



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The excavated soil and other waste may affect the water quality if stored in-appropriate manner. The boundary wall may act as barrier in absence of peripheral drains and opening in the boundary walls. No such major civil works are involved. De-siltation of sewerage network, replacement of existing pumps will not produce any significant amount waste.





Dewatering for construction will not generate significant amount of water to flooding adjacent areas



Use of noise making equipment like compressors without acoustic enclosures and absence of dust suppression measures may lead to this. Proper measure will be taken during execution to minimize the noise and dust emissions.

• Disruption to traffic movements





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Limited impact

The local community will be made aware of the temporary nature of disruptions


Limited impact

Adequate sanitation facilities and safety arrangement will be provided to the works to tackle on site hazards



Due to inadequate adherence to Occupational Health & Safety Practices including use of PPEs...


Limited STP treated effluent and digested sludge will be ensured to meet the specified standards. All the equipments and machinery shall be selected such that the noise level is well within the permissible limits


Backup power for the pumping stations will ensure minimum flooding and odour nuisance in case of power failure.


Limited impact

If untreated sewage is discharged to river, in case of STP breakdown.

• Gas emissions Limited impact

The gas will be let out to atmosphere in case of power generation facility and flaring mechanism breakdown



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• Safety hazards Limited impact

Mechanized system and trained persons will be used to run the pumping stations and STPs will reduce the risk of safety hazards



6 Does the project involve any prior clearance from the MOEF or State Forest department for either the conversion of forest land or for tree-cutting? (Yes/ No). If yes, which?







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Annexure-4 Details of existing sewage treatment plants

Description Year of installation

Capacity Type of technology

Status / Remarks

Arupara STP 1970

45 million litres per day (MLD)

Trickling filter type

The STP outlived the life. Most of the buildings and civil structures are in dilapidated condition. The STP outlived the life. Most of the electro mechanical works are not in good condition and requires total replacement

Major components of STP: 1. Raw Sewage Lifting Station No. 2 at Arupara with Dry and Wet Pit. 2. Screen Chamber and Grit Channel with Detritus Tanks. 3. Splitter Box No.1. 4. Twin Primary Clarifiers of 38.10 m dia. each with Mechanical Scrapper. 5. Splitter Box No.2. 6. Twin Trickling Filter of 53.35 m dia. each with four Rotary Distributor Arms. 7. Splitter Box No.3. 8. Twin Secondary Clarifiers of 38.10 m dia. each with Mechanical Scrapper. 9. Effluent Channel. 10. Primary Sludge Pump House. 11. One Primary Digester and one Secondary Digester of 28.96 m (95 ft) dia. each

with inter connection arrangements between them 12. 24 nos., each 31.4 m x 15.24 m (103 x 50’) sludge Drying Beds. 13. Effluent and Sludge Recirculation Pump House with Control Panel Board and

Chlorination Room. 14. Underground pipe lines. 15. Transformer Rooms.

Source: KMDA data



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Most of the structures such as Main pumping station, trickling filter and admin building are in dilapidated condition. Most of the plant area is not accessible. The present site photos are depicted below:

Arupara Sewage Treatment Plant

Arupara Sewage Treatment Plant

Arupara Pumping station Arupara Sewage Treatment Plant



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Details of Existing pumping stations

Pumping station

Location

No. of pumps

installed (W+S)

Status

Lifting station (LS) – 1

BESU 3 +2 Inside super structures leakage on the ceiling noticed, plastering and painting needs to be carried out. Electromechanical works including the screens are outlived their life, hence to be replaced with the same capacity.

Lifting station – 2

At CPT land (Foreshore)

3 +2 Inside super structures leakage on the ceiling noticed, plastering and painting needs to be carried out. Electromechanical works including the screens are outlived their life, hence to be replaced with the same capacity.

Lifting station – 3

At Round Tank

3 +2 Inside super structures leakage on the ceiling noticed, plastering and painting needs to be carried out. Electromechanical works including the screens are outlived their life, Hence, to be replaced with the same capacity.

Pumping station (PS) – Itcapur

At Itcapur 45 MLD X 2 Nos 22.5 MLD X 2 Nos

Inside super structures leakage on the ceiling noticed, plastering and painting needs to be carried out. Electromechanical works including screens to be augmented with higher capacity pumps i.e. 2 nos. of 30 MLD and 2 nos. of 60 MLD in the existing well.

Main pumping station (MPS) Arupara

At Arupara 45 MLD X 2 Nos 22.5 MLD X 2 Nos

Inside super structures leakage on the ceiling noticed, plastering and painting needs to be carried out. Electromechanical works including screens to be augmented with higher capacity pumps i.e. 2 nos. of 30 MLD and 2 nos. of 60 MLD in the existing well.

Source: KMDA data Due to deposition of silt / slush etc., in the gravity main and trunk sewer, sufficient inflow is not available. Partial replacement of brick sewer, rising of manholes is required to ensure the proper flow to the STP.



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5. Sub Project 3 - Baranagar


Baranagar municipality is located in the district of “North twenty-four Parganas”, West Bengal state. Baranagar town is located in the eastern segment of the Hoogly district at 22º 38' North Latitude and 87º00' East Longitude, spread over 7.12 square kilometres. It is about 6 km from state capital, Kolkata and 6.7 meters above sea level. The Baranagar municipality area is divided into 34 wards based on 2011 census with total population of 2, 45,213 Kamarhati municipality is in the district of “North twenty-four Parganas”, West Bengal state. Kamarhati town is located in the eastern segment of the Hoogly district at 22º 56' 10.23” to 23º 2.52” North Latitude and 88º 22' 51.34” to 88º 24' 24.13” East Longitude, spread over 10.96 square kilometres. It is about 14.3 km from state capital, Kolkata and 15 meters above sea level. The Kamarhati municipality area is divided into 35 wards based on 2011 census with a population of 3, 30,579.

There is no planned sewerage system in the town except an Interception and Diversion gravity sewer of diameters ranging from 500 mm to 900 mm of RCC, CI covering a length of about 5.45 km and 2.70 km of rising main constructed under GAP. However, significant waste water discharge is still into river Hooghly through four drains due to siltation and non-functioning of existing interception and diversion works.

5.2. Drains / outfall within the project area At present, as indicated in Figure 5.1, there are four major drains and outfall in Baranagar-Kamarhati municipalities, which directly discharges the sewage to River Hooghly. Details of drains discharging into River Ganga and site visit photos are provided in Annexure- 6



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---

Figure 5.1: Major drains discharging into Hooghly River & existing sewerage system in Baranagar and Kamarhati

Ganga Action Plan (GAP) scheme was implemented to reduce the pollution of river Ganga. Under this plan, KMDA implemented 8.3 km interception and diversion sewer line with one number of main pumping station to tap major drains. STP of 40 MLD capacity was constructed under GAP scheme. But, at present, the existing STP is working partially due to insufficient inflow and lack of maintenance

5.3. Baseline details

5.3.1. Existing sewage treatment plants

The present status and different component details of the existing STP is tabulated in Table 5.2. Some parts of mechanical machineries got corroded due to lack of maintenance and need revamping. However, it is very difficult to increase the



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efficiency of the present STP since it was constructed long back (1987-87). Further details are provided in Annexure 6

Table 5.1: Details of common STP for Kamarhati and Baranagar Common STP for Kamarhati and Baranagar

Remarks Location STP Capacity as on 2017 Technology Matkal 40 MLD ASP - Trickling

filter Existing STP is working partially due to insufficient inflow and lack of maintenance

Source: Final DPR – Under Namami Gange Programme for Kamarhati and Baranagar Municipality,West Bengal

The existing STP is working partially due to low inflow and lack of maintenance which lead to discharge of sewage from drains to river Ganga without treatment.

5.3.2. Pumping stations

A main Sewage pumping station was constructed on Deshpran Shasmal road of Kamarhati municipality to pump the dry weather flow (DWF) of Baranagar and Kamarhati area to the STP located at Matkal. The details of the existing pumping station are given in Table 5.2. The inner diameter of the wet well is 17.80 m and the depth is 12.50 m. The depth of water column is 3.00 m.

Table 5.2: Details of the existing pumping station

Name of pumping station

Capacity of pumps in LPS

Head in M Remarks

Deshpran Shasmal Road

650LPS (2W+1S) 24 Due to insufficient inflow only one number each of 650 LPS & 250 LPS are in operation

250 LPS (1W+1S) 17.8 / 32.28

Source: Final DPR – Under Namami Gange Programme for Kamarhati and Baranagar Municipality, West Bengal



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5.3.3. I&D structure and sewer diversion

The existing four numbers of interception and diversion (I&D) structures at Goli Ghat drain, Dhakshineswar new bus stand, Lock gate drain and old PS drain are totally damaged and requires replacement. The flow measurement at four places viz. SW1, SW2, SW3 and SW4 indicated in the DPR are furnished below.

Table 5.3: Measurement of flow in nullah Location Peak flow in MLD

SW1 - near Goli Ghat drain (Kamarhati area) 2.63 SW 2 – near Dhakhineswar new bus stand (Kamarhati area) 1.97 SW3 – near Lock gate (Baranagar area) 21.28 SW4 – near Old pumping station (Baranagar area) 17.62 Total 43.50


It is also observed by TA that there is still considerable length of open canals after the suggested I&D locations in the DPR which may lead to discharge sewage in the river Ganga. However, it was clarified from KMDA officials that these uncovered areas will be brought under sewer network subsequently as a part of municipal waste water (MWW) project.

5.3.4. Present status of sewage flow in Bagjola area

It is evident from the topography of Kamarhati municipality that the flow of sewage above Bagjola Khal will be discharged in Bagjola Khal. Bagjola Khal further flows towards East Kolkata wetland (EKW). It is expected that the sewage flow for wards 29, 27, 28, 23, 24, 25, 26, 21, 22, 16, 17, 19, 20 and 18 of Kamarhati will be discharged into Bagjola Khal. It is estimated that 14.91 MLD, 17.22 MLD and 19.50 MLD of sewage will be discharged into Bagjola Khal for the present (2020), intermediate (2035) and ultimate (2050) stage respectively.



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5.3.5. Treated water quality The details of treated water quality from STP as submitted by KMDA officials is tabled below.

Table 5.4: Details of sewage quality Parameters Unit Influent Remarks BOD Mg/l 202 Existing STP is working partially

due to low inflow. Treated wastewater quality is not available

TSS Mg/l 613 TDS Mg/l 1101


5.3.6. Sewage flow

The proposed STP expanded capacity and sewer network is designed for adequate capacity considering population increase over next 15 years and sewage generation norms. STP is designed with standard units suitable to meet the required treated sewage standards for discharge to inland waters. The projected population and sewage for Baranagar and Kamarhati is given below.

Table 5.5: Details of sewage generation

Municipality Sewer generation (Average flow in MLD)

2020 2035 2050 Baranagar 33 39 46 Kamarhati 46 53 61 Total sewage generation (in MLD) 79 92 107 Flow towards Baghjola canal 14.60 17.20 19.80 Total required capacity of STP (in MLD 64.40 74.80 87.20

The above capacity of STP shall be created in a phased manner. It is proposed to construct 60 MLD capacity of STP in 2020 within the existing STP complex after demolishing the existing STP. It is proposed to let the incoming sewage into the Bagjola canal through bypass arrangements during the construction period. After assessing the sewage flow and establishing the sewerage network, additional STP for the balance capacity of 15 MLD may be constructed in the remaining area within the STP complex.



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5.3.7. Proposed Activities

• Construction, Operations & Maintenance of 60 MLD STP in Matkal • Rehabilitation and Operations & Maintenance of 60 MLD MPS at Kamarhati • Rehabilitation and operations & maintenance of 6 existing SPS at Bally • Repairs and rehabilitation of existing 4 nos of Interception and Diversion (I&D) • Replacement of existing sewer line of 5.45 km (Dia. of pipe 500mm – 900mm) • Replacement of Rising main of 2.7 km (Dia. of pipe 900mm) • Providing new sewer line of 0.43 km (Dia. of pipe 200mm) • Construction of proposed 4 nos. of lock gate structures in the discharge points

of river Hooghly • Constructing brick masonry manholes – 14 Nos



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Figure 5.2: Process requirements and design criteria of sewerage work in Baranagar and Kamarhati

60 MLD



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5.4. STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT

Environmental social management plan (ESMP), specific to the sub-project was carried out at DPR (Detailed Project Report) stage.

5.5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL PROFILE OF THE AREA AND SCREENING


As per provisional reports of Census India, population of Kamarhati in 2011 is 330,211; of which male and female are 170,293 and 159,918 respectively Average literacy rate of Kamarhati city is 87.67 percent of which male and female literacy was 90.24 and 84.93 percent. The town is basically agglomeration of different kind of religious people like Hindu (72.35%), Muslims (26.89%), jain (0.04%), sikhs (0.12%), Christen (0.12%), Buddhism (0.12%), etc As per provisional reports of Census India, population of Baranagar in 2011 is 245,213; of which male and female are 126,187 and 119,026 respectively. Average literacy rate of Baranagar city is 91.41 percent of which male and female literacy was 93.69 and 89.00 percent. The town is basically agglomeration of different kind of religious people like Hindu (94.95%), Muslims (2.96%), jain (0.14%), sikhs (1.15%), Christen (0.27%), Buddhism (1.15%), etc Rapid urbanization has put tremendous pressure on the existing infrastructures and public utility services as well as catalyzing unbridled environmental pollution. In addition, there is a sharp rise of the urban poor population predominately concentrated in the slum or squatter settlements. Baranagar is home to the Indian Statistical Institute, an institution devoted to the research, teaching and application of statistics, natural sciences and social sciences. Baranagar is a major industrial center for the manufacture of agricultural and industrial machinery, chemicals, castor oil, and matches; there are also numerous cotton-processing companies.

5.5.2. Climate The climate is sub-tropical and humid like rest of the Gangetic West Bengal. The climate is dominated by 3 seasons – summer, monsoon and winter. The summer

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Statistical_Institute



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is hot and humid and continues from April to June. Summer is dominated by strong south westerly monsoon winds. Monsoon arrives in mid-June and stays up to September. Winter is the most pleasant time and lasts for 3 months - December, January and February. Early morning mists are common in winter. The annual mean temperature is 26.80 C. The maximum temperature often exceeds 400 C. The temperature does not fall below 100 C. Maximum rainfall occurs during the monsoon in August (306 mm) and the average annual total is 1,582 mm. Total duration of sunshine is 2,528 hours per annum with maximum rainfall occurring in mid-July/August. The relative humidity is between 50% in March and 90% in July.

5.5.3. Topography Baranagar and Kamarhati towns are located at an elevation of 6.7 m and 15 m above mean sea level respectively. The Kamarhati- Baranagar are a part of flat plains of lower Gangetic delta. There is a remarkable topographical homogeneity. The river Ganga flows along the entire weat border of the Municipality. The municipalities are located under North 24 Parganas district. It does not depict any undulations in terrain.

5.5.4. Soil Characteristics The municipality falls into the category of the Gangetic Alluvial Region. Soils of this area are mostly neutral in reaction. The colour of the soil is brownish black and by nature it is sandy loam. Here the groundwater potential is very high and the aquifer character is mostly unconfined. The region is suitable for cultivation of all kinds of field and horticulture crops. However, soil erosion is of concern in Kamarhati and Baranagar Municipality as in any urban area. To prevent the soil erosion a large-scale plantation programme including awareness and motivation campaign has been planned and a part of that is already under implementation through Ganga Action Plan under assistance from the Government of India




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5.5.6. Air quality There is no baseline data available within and surrounding the project area. However, based on the data for the year 2003-04 provided in the DPR there is no alarm indicated for raising the air pollution.

5.5.7. Flora & Fauna The alluvial soil of the Gangetic plain, compounded with favourable rainfall, make this region especially fertile and rich for vegetation growth. Further it also falls in the Lower Gangetic Plains Bio-geographical zone. The project area is a part of this phytogeography. Agriculture is the main base of the subdivision's economy, with a variety of crops being produced. Floriculture, pisciculture and horticulture have also flourished to a large extent. Common trees like Banyan (Ficus benghalensis), Krishnachura (Caesalpinia pulcherrima), Pippal, Radhachura (Delonix regia), trees are visible along with Neem (Azadirachta indica) which has high medical value. Fruit trees like Mango, Banana, and Coconut are found in within the urban area. Riverside vegetation has depleted to some extent. As perceived by common people, hedge plants have seen reduction due to increase in construction activities. In Kamarhati-Baranagar as in any urban ecosystem, several species and types of birds co-exist. A mix of species signifies not just diversity, but also the ecological role played by them collectively in the web of life in any ecosystem. But over a period of time the green spaces and the species that thrived in and around most towns have declined. The most common perception is about the reduction in the number of sparrows while the crows and kites which are known to be hardy species, which can adapt to a variety of climates and can, feed by scavenging and opportunistic hunting. There is a similar increase in the population of other animal species such as stray dogs and rats. Similarly, many snakes get killed as they come under the wheels on roads. The number of amphibians has declined mainly because of road kill, water pollution and drop in monsoon puddles among other reasons.



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5.5.8. Ecologically sensitive area None of the project area involves forest land, or is located close to any ecologically sensitive areas. No archeologically protected monument is located in close proximity. No issue related to indigenous people or involuntary resettlement, are identified in the project. The project area is located outside the Sundarbans forest area and coastal regulation zone as indicated in Figure 5.3 & 5.4 The Sundarbans is a mangrove area in the delta formed by the confluence of Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers in the Bay of Bengal. It spans from the Hooghly River in India's state of West Bengal to the Baleswar River in Bangladesh. It comprises closed and open mangrove forests, agriculturally used land, mudflats and barren land, and is intersected by multiple tidal streams and channels. Four protected areas in the Sundarbans are enlisted as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, viz Sundarbans National Park, Sundarbans West, Sundarbans South and Sundarbans East Wildlife Sanctuaries The Sundarbans mangrove forest covers an area of about 10,000 km2 (3,900 sq mi). Of which, forests in Bangladesh's Khulna Division extend over 6,017 km2

(2,323 sq mi) and in West Bengal, they extend over 4,260 km2 (1,640 sq mi) across the South 24 Parganas and North 24 Parganas districts. Sundarban area is located at a radius of more than 50 km from the project site.



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Figure 5.3: Surrounding features with in 10 KM area of Project

Figure 5.4:Distance between surbans forest and project area Environmental and social screening carried out as part of this due diligence exercise using the screening matrix of the Environmental and Social Management Framework of NGRBA Project (Annexure-5, concludes that the project components have limited impact to environment and can be mitigated with provision adequate mitigation measures and adoption of environmental management plan. The project hence is categorized as ‘Low / Limited Impact’ category.


As part of the due diligence, the team visited the project area on October 2017 and carried out detailed interactions with implementing agency, operators and visited project sites. A review of the project DPR, design, drawings was also carried out by the team. There is no specific stakeholder consultation carried out either by DPR consultant / by implementing agency. For successful implementation of the project requires significant inputs in the areas of public relations and community management. It requires community organization, mobilization and regular



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communication to ensure constructive participation of different stakeholders by the followings means,


Existing pumping stations and sewage treatment plant is being operated and maintained by agencies involving totally around 39 staffs in all categories. KMDA is in the process of collating the information such as number of labours / staff, their salary, other facilities, age, etc and expected to provide the details to the concessionaire for carrying out the necessary stakeholder consultantion in order to identify and ensure proper safeguard instruments for the implementaiton of ESAMP / ESMP for re-engagement or absorption or providing training to the existing manpower. Details of existing staffs is enclosed as Annexure D

5.7. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL FINDINGS 5.7.1. Compliance to Regulatory Requirements




• Labour license requires to be obtained by the Operator prior to construction It is advisable to undertake tree plantation around the STPs, SPSs which will help improve aesthetics and also bad odour to the neighbouring communities. Tree



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plantation around the STP site is mandatory condition while obtaining the consent to Establish. Separate EHS standards to be followed by the concessionaire during construction phase and operation phase is provided in the MCA and the same is annexed with this as Annexure-A


• The Sewage and STP Scheme at Baranagar is neither located in any eco-sensitive area nor it is located in any adjoining eco-sensitive area.


• The screening also reiterates that the project will not adversely affect the livelihood except the persons involved in the pissiculture and operationg and maintenance of existing assets

• The limited impacts likely to be on the environment are suggested to be mitigated by way of project specific environmental management plan.


Urban Development & Municipal affairs Department, Government of West Bengal is functioning as the State Program Management Group (SPMG) for the implementation of NBRGA projects. Under the SPMG, Kolkatta Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) is functioning as the Executing Agency. The Sewerage and STP Scheme at Baranagar will also be implemented under the same structure.



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One Environmental Safeguard Official placed at SPMG is functioning as the focal point for environment and social safeguards. The Contract for implementing the Sewerage and STP Scheme at Baranagar is based on Hybrid Annuity Model.


None of Sewage Pumping Stations (SPS) have defined system of appropriate collection and disposal of bio-degradable and non-biodegradable waste screened out at each of the SPSs. Currently waste is collected and stored intermittently within SPS site area and disposed to low lying area of the city or to locations where municipal solid waste is being disposed off. As most of these SPSs are located close to habitations, people in close vicinity to these SPSs might have the issue of bad smell of sewage. Substantial debris and mud will be generated during laying of trunk sewer, construction of SPS and STP. Management plan should include the preservation of Top soil with good productivity and reuse for agricultural purposes and use of debris as filing material and safe disposal of unusable material. Soil and debris can be well managed for planned land filling and landscaping. Digested sludge from STP is good for use as manure. Currently there is no day to day sludge production except periodic desilting of STP. Management plan should include the proper utilization and disposal or sale as organic manure for digested sludge. The land for disposal of sludge is not yet identified. There is no provision of holding of untreated sewage in case of STP breakdown. In such situation untreated sewage will flow to river and pollute it. Preliminary environmental management plan has been prepared for the project during detailed project report stage for management and monitoring of environmental impacts and mitigation during construction and operation phase.



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5.7.5. Construction / OHS Issues.

The Operator who will be procured for the project on Hybrid Annuity Model, is liable to develop a project specific EMP. The Operator should ensure that the following aspects are included and implemented on site, complying with the provisions given in ESMF:






• Physical impacts will also be reduced by the method of working, whereby the Truck sewer & rising main laying and Drain will probably be constructed by small teams working on short lengths at a time, so impacts will be mainly localized and short in duration. Because of this and the mitigation measures proposed above, impacts on the physical environment are not expected to be of major significance.



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o Consulting ULB/KMDA/MC to identify any buildings at risk from vibration damage and avoiding any use of heavy vehicles in the vicinity;







Personal Protective Equipment; o Health and Safety Training for all site personnel; o Documented procedures to be followed for all site activities; o Accident reports and records; etc.



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• Operator should adopt appropriate implementation mechanism for restoration of topsoil (to control soil disturbance), dust suppression, use of DG sets in acoustic enclosure with proper stack height (for betterment of Air), restoration of construction sites, etc.







• The proposed expansion work of Baranagar STP and MPS is being carried out within the existing STP/SPS premises.

• No squatter or encroacher was found in any of the project sites. • The construction of sewage network is envisaged mainly along the the

existing carriageway of the PWD or Municipality roads. • Project has not carried out any assessment of adverse impact that sub project

may have on the community • No specific staff employed or assigned by the implementing agencies to deal

with the social safeguard issues in any of these subprojects. 5.7.7. Details of Compensation and other assistance

No such issue is involved since land belongs to Baranagar Municipal Corporation and Kamarhati municipal corporation. There is no encroacher or squatter found in the designated land under this subproject. Necessary ESMP to be prepared for absorbing / providing training to the existing contractor’s staff involved in operation and maintenance of existing STP and pumping stations.



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The local communities are aware of the subproject works and Focus Group discussion was carried out during during project preparation to disseminate project information


Though no formal grievances have been recorded, project has not established any project specific grievance redressal mechanism. The only mechanism available is the District Grievance Cell through District Magistrate’s office. KMDA officials also informally handles grievances if any.



Table 5.6: Summary Gap analysis Key Principles and

Attributes Gap Remarks


Not applicable The due diligence indicates low impact (except during the construction phase) due to the project Project will be implemented in Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) The project does not trigger EIA notification 2006. The Duration of associated impact shall be during construction phase. This can be mitigated through proper project specific Environmental Management Plan(EMP) prepared and implemented by the HAM Operator under the supervision of KMDA/appointed project engineer



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Gap Remarks



Need specific mitigation measures to avoid and manage the construction stage environment and safety issues Specific EHS standards along with roles and responsibilities are provided in the RFP to the concessionaire to avoid and manage the construction stage environment and safety issues.

Principle of Avoidance Not applicable Since the project involves only the augmentation of existing facilities this does not arise





Recognition of untitled persons such as squatters and encroachers including customary rights

Not applicable

No non-titleholder affected by this sub project. However, STP and pumping station staff are staying in the staff quarters.

Avoiding displacement of Indigenous People

Not applicable






Not applicable

CPRs not affected



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Gap Remarks


Focus Group discussion was carried out during DPR stage but not recorded

Consultation with peoples involved in operation & maintenance of existing assets to be carried out by the concessionaire.


No NGO involved





Compensation Not applicable As discussed with KMDA, all pumping station and STP land belong to Govt. and No non-titleholder affected.




Not carried out Livelihood of the peoples involved in operation & maintenance of existing assets to be assessed and suitable improvement to be assessed.






Not applicable


Not applicable




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Gap Remarks





Not applicable



Not applicable


Implementation Implementation of RP Not applicable Not required in this sub project Participation of civil society in implementation of RP

Not applicable


Opportunity for PAPs to participate in planning, design and implementation



Not applicable






No project specific GRC established



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Gap Remarks




Monitoring mechanism is provided in the DPR


Evaluation process is provided in the DPR




A detailed EMP shall be developed by the concessionaire which shall identify key environmental issues, the mitigation measure, capacity building training and awareness in line with the preliminary EMP prepared during DPR stage. Nature of reporting and frequency shall also be defined which should preferably as mentioned in the DPR. The EMP shall be integrated in the contract documents, with necessary amendments (if necessary) or agreements with the concessionaire and shall be implemented for the construction period.



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Independent Environment and Social/ Compliance Monitoring Audit by the third-party independent inspection agency shall be carried out annually, as per the ESMF requirements of NGRBA program.





The Detailed EMP once approved by the NMCG and World Bank should be integrated in the Bid/Contract documents, with necessary amendments (if necessary) or agreements with the Concessionaire and should be fully complied during the execution/operation stages.






Stack Height and Acoustic Measure should be mandated. Formal Intimation to line department to be given regarding excavation works in

order to avoid or minimize the damages to existing utilities in the construction site. The Sewerage lines are planned beneath the existing road, so an alternative traffic management plan, diversion plan or avoidance to congestion plan should be in place.




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Specific site shall be identified for intermittent storage of waste at each SPS, STP and shall be disposed in the designated site. Tree planation shall be made on the periphery of the SPS and STP site to prevent spread of bad odour and undertake landscaping to enhance aesthetic at each SPS & STP locations. Consideration may be given for constructing peripheral drain around the site with small opening intermittently in the boundary wall to allow run off rainwater to drain off without accumulating in the adjacent residential areas. Excavated materials should be used for backfilling of the trench area, low lying

areas of the site. Efficient site restoration measure should be developed and checked regularly

by assigned engineer to avoid the public and traffic inconvenience. Maintenance of Site health (Air, water, Noise, Soil Quality) and safety of worker

(OHS) should be checked regularly. Advance notice to local residents / shop owners and vendors to avoid

inconvenience to vendors/squatters shall be given. KMDA shall adopt the public relation activities to disseminate the necessary

information about the project like (i) announcement on FM radio, (II) space in local newspaper, (III) printing and distributing pamphlets through local newspaper vendors, and (IV) putting up information boards at construction site.




It is required for EA (KMDA) to establish district specific grievance redress mechanism for the subproject as outlined in ESMF to address the grievances of the community and designate Grievance Redressal officer. Apart from that, a separate register shall be maintained by the Operator in weekly meetings to



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address the Grievances (if any discussed and resolved). If the matter will not be resolved in weekly meeting, it will be forwarded to higher level for decision.


5.8.6. Stakeholder Consultation and Disclosure Public consultation should be organised during this implementation stage through awareness campaign and disclosure of information related to the subproject interventions. KMDA to hire services of local NGO / CBO for information dissemination and public consultation Approximate time required to close the work should also be made public.


KMDA to establish district specific grievance redress mechanism for the subproject as outlined in ESMF to address the grievances of the community. KMDA also to appoint / designate one Grievance Redress Officer.


Table 5.7: Implementation schedule

S. No Action Responsibility Time frame Environment Management 1. Prepare Environment

Management Plan and incorporate in the construction contract


2. Obtain ‘Consent’ of WB Pollution Control

Concessionaire/KMDA/SPMG Immediately upon appointment of



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S. No Action Responsibility Time frame Board for expansion and operation of STP

concessionaire / Prior to the effectiveness.

3 Obtain "consent to Operate" for operation of STP


4. Initiate implementation of the recommended measures (presented in sect. 5.8)



DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 5 Prepare detailed

ESMP and obtain the approval of NMCG/ Word Bank.




Social Safeguard 7. Independent

assessment of exact livelihood loss and compensation as per the latest ESMF framework.

KMDA/SPMG Before the effective date

8. Physical possession of land




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S. No Action Responsibility Time frame 9. Hiring of NGO/ CBO

for information dissemination



Concessionaire/KMDA/SPMG One Month after action 5


KMDA/SPMG Immediate/ Prior to the Disbursement of retroactive claim under the project

12. Designate Grievance Redress Officer


Immediate after Action 11

13. Information dissemination


Continuous after Action 6






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Figure 5.5:Organization Structure for the Implementation of ESMP

5.10. Benefits accrued from the project

Improvement of river water quality due to reduction in contamination of river water






Protection of Marine life arising from sewage disposal. Avoidance of Health risk associated with sewage contamination.

Project Manager


(DBO Operator)

State Pollution

Control Board




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Elimination of Elevated nutrient levels resulted in excessive growth of algal blooms which may result in production of algal toxins.

Avoidance of communicable and waterborne diseases. The inhabitants will enjoy full sanitation facility and the city will overcome






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Annexure - 5 Environment and Social information format for screening

Project Title: Environmental and Social Safeguard Due Diligence report for

development of STPs in Kolkata – Sub Project 3 – Baranagar and Kamarhati Implementing agency: Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) Project components:

1. Construction, Operations & Maintenance of 60 MLD STP in Matkal 2. Rehabilitation and Operations & Maintenance of 60 MLD MPS at Kamarhati 3. Rehabilitation and operations & maintenance of 6 existing SPS at Bally 4. Repairs and rehabilitation of existing 4 nos of Interception and Diversion

(I&D) 5. Replacement of existing sewer line of 5.45 km (Dia. of pipe 500mm – 900mm) 6. Replacement of Rising main of 2.7 km (Dia. of pipe 900mm) 7. Providing new sewer line of 0.43 km (Dia. of pipe 200mm) 8. Construction of proposed 4 nos. of lock gate structures in the discharge

points of river Hooghly 9. Constructing brick masonry manholes – 14 Nos

Project location (Area/ district): Baranagar and Kamarhati Towns




No Impact The project area is located outside the Sundarbans forest area and coastal regulation zone as indicated in Figure 5.3 & 5.4 and falls outside the 10 km radius. The treated wastewater disposal is encouraged as per GO



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and it is proposed to discharge in the River Hoogly which is also not falling within the Eco sensitive area


No impact

No land acquisition required


No impact

Not applicable


No impact

Not applicable



Livelihood of the peoples involved operation & maintenance of existing assets to be assessed and suitable improvement to be assessed.


No impact


• Any specific gender issues.

No impact




The proposed project is a small scheme of rehabilitation and renovation of existing sewerage treatment plant, pumping station and sewerage network and its allied work. Hence has low



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or no impact on environment


Limited impact No vegetation or tree cover needs to cleared



The excavated soil and other waste may affect the water quality if stored in-appropriate manner. The boundary wall may act as barrier in absence of peripheral drains and opening in the boundary walls. No such major civil works are involved. De-siltation of sewerage network , replacement of existing pumps will not produce any significant amount waste.




• Flooding of adjacent areas Limited impact Dewatering for construction will not generate significant amount of water to flooding adjacent areas



Use of noise making equipment like compressors without acoustic enclosures and absence of dust suppression measures



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may lead to this. Proper measure will be taken during execution to minimize the noise and dust emissions.

• Disruption to traffic movements







Limited and shortterm impact



Limited impact The local community will be made aware of the temporary nature of disruptions


Limited impact Adequate sanitation facilities and safety arrangement will be provided to the works to tackle on site hazards



Due to inadequate adherence to Occupational Health & Safety Practices including use of PPEs..


Limited STP treated effluent and digested sludge will be ensured to meet the specified standards. All the equipment and machinery shall be selected such that the noise level is well



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within the permissible limits

• Flooding of adjacent areas Limited impact Backup power for the pumping stations will ensure minimum flooding and odour nuisance in case of power failure.


Limited impact If untreated sewage is discharged to river, in case of STP breakdown.

• Gas emissions Limited impact The gas will be let out to atmosphere incase of power generation facility and flaring mechanism breakdown

• Safety hazards Limited impact Mechanised system and trained persons will be used to run the pumping stations and STPs will reduce the risk of safety hazards



6 Does the project involve any prior clearance from the MOEF or State Forest department for either the




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conversion of forest land or for tree-cutting? (Yes/ No). If yes, which?






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Annexure - 6

Location of drains discharging into River Ganga Drain Latitude Longitude Golighat drain, Ward No.2 at Kamarhati

22º 43' 33.37”

88º 21' 37.02”

Dhashineshwar new bus stand drain, Ward No.14 at Kamarhati

22º 39' 17.79”

88º 21' 34.15”



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Drain Latitude Longitude Lock gate, between Nibadita STU and BSF camp, Ward No.4 under Baranagar

22º 39' 8.48”

88º 21' 28.01”

Old PS, Near Ramakrishna lane, Ward No.5 at Baranagar

22º 38' 11.14”

88º 21' 45.22”

Existing STP component details

Details of STP at Matkal Units Quantity Dimensions

Collection Chamber 1 Dia. - 6.0m, side water depth 5.0m Screen Chamber 2 7.5mx1.2mx1.05 SWD Bar Screen:

10mm Width, 20mm Clear opening Detritor 2 8.0Sqm x 0.82 Meter SWD Parshall flume 2 Length 2.822m x Throat Width 0.9m Primary settling tank 2 26.2m Dia. each +3.5m SWD Sludge pump house 1 8.0M x 6.0M Trickling filter 2 34.6m Dia, 2.1M Media Depth Final Settling tank 2 34M Dia +3.0 M SWD



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Details of STP at Matkal Units Quantity Dimensions

Sludge thicker 2 11.25M Dia + 3.0M SWD Sludge digester Primary 2 16.8M Dia +6.45M SWD Secondary 2 11.0 M Dia + 7.5M SWD Centrifuge capacity 3 1.833 cum/hr Gas holder 2 19.4 M Dia + 4.1M SWD: Capacity of

each holder - 1100cum Digester control room 1 8.0M Wide x 18.25M Length Platform for centrifuge 2 5.0M x 10.0M Covered shed for Sludge Storage 1 28.0M x 30.0M Sub-station 1 5.0M x 10.0M x 4.5M Effluent channel 1 1200 MM Dia RCC pipe for 30 M Office building with lab 1 200Sqm

Source: Final DPR – Under Namami Gange Programme for Kamarhati and Baranagar Municipality,West Bengal

Site visit photos

Intake point of the STP at Matkal Pen stock gate at intake point of STP



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Automatic bar screen chamber at STP Main pumping station at Kamarhati

Main pumping station at Kamarhati



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Annexure-A EHS STANDARDS

Part 1 – Link to the Environment and Social Management Framework (ESMF) to be followed for NGRBA Projects

1. Environmental and Social Management Framework of NGRBA Project: http://nmcg.nic.in/Disclosure.aspx

Part 2 – The World Bank Group Safeguard Policies and Performance Standards

Given below are the links to relevant World Bank Group Safeguard Policies and Performance Standards with respect to Environment, Social, Health and Safety requirements to be followed while developing the ESHS Documents -

2. WBG Safeguard Policies / Performance Standards:

https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/PPF3/Pages/Manuals/Operational%20Manual.aspx

3. WBG Guidance Note on Project Induced Labor Influx: http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/497851495202591233/Managing-Risk-of-Adverse-impact-from-project-labor-influx.pdf

Part 3 - Requirements for preparation of ESHS Management Strategies and Implementation Plans (ESHS-MSIP)

The Concessionaire shall submit comprehensive and concise Environmental, Social,

Health and Safety Management Strategies and Implementation Plans (ESHS-MSIP).

These strategies and plans shall describe in detail the actions, materials, equipment,

management processes etc. that will be implemented by the Concessionaire, and its

subcontractors.

In developing these strategies and plans, the Concessionaire shall have regard to the

ESHS provisions of the Concession Agreement including those as may be more fully

described in the following:

a. Works Requirements described in Concession Agreement;

http://nmcg.nic.in/Disclosure.aspx



http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/497851495202591233/Managing-Risk-of-Adverse-impact-from-project-labor-influx.pdf

http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/497851495202591233/Managing-Risk-of-Adverse-impact-from-project-labor-influx.pdf



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b. Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA);

c. Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP);

d. Consent Conditions (regulatory authority conditions attached to any permits or

approvals for the project).

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Metrics for Progress Reports

The following Metrics should be used for regular reporting:

a. environmental incidents or non-compliances with Concession Agreement

requirements, including contamination, pollution or damage to ground or water

supplies;

a. health and safety incidents, accidents, injuries and all fatalities that require treatment;

b. interactions with regulators: identify agency, dates, subjects, outcomes (report the

negative if none);

c. status of all permits and agreements:

i. work permits: number required, number received, actions taken for those not

received;

ii. status of permits and consents:

- list areas/facilities with permits required (quarries, asphalt & batch plants), dates

of application, dates issued (actions to follow up if not issued), dates submitted to

resident engineer (or equivalent), status of area (waiting for permits, working,

abandoned without reclamation, decommissioning plan being implemented, etc.);

- list areas with landowner agreements required (borrow and spoil areas, camp

sites), dates of agreements, dates submitted to resident engineer (or equivalent);

- identify major activities undertaken in each area this month and highlights of

environmental and social protection (land clearing, boundary marking, topsoil

salvage, traffic management, decommissioning planning, decommissioning

implementation);



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- for quarries: status of relocation and compensation (completed, or details of

monthly activities and current status).

d. health and safety supervision:

i. safety officer: number days worked, number of full inspections & partial

inspections, reports to construction/project management;

ii. number of workers, work hours, metric of PPE use (percentage of workers with full

personal protection equipment (PPE), partial, etc.), worker violations observed (by

type of violation, PPE or otherwise), warnings given, repeat warnings given, follow-

up actions taken (if any);

e. worker accommodations:

i. number of expats housed in accommodations, number of locals;

ii. date of last inspection, and highlights of inspection including status of

accommodations’ compliance with national and local law and good practice,

including sanitation, space, etc.;

iii. actions taken to recommend/require improved conditions, or to improve

conditions.

f. HIV/AIDS: provider of health services, information and/or training, location of clinic,

number of non-safety disease or illness treatments and diagnoses (no names to be

provided);

g. gender (for expats and locals separately): number of female workers, percentage of

workforce, gender issues raised and dealt with (cross-reference grievances or other

sections as needed);

h. training:

i. number of new workers, number receiving induction training, dates of induction

training;



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ii. number and dates of toolbox talks, number of workers receiving Occupational

Health and Safety (OHS), environmental and social training;

iii. number and dates of HIV/AIDS sensitization training, no. workers receiving training

(this month and in the past); same questions for gender sensitization,

flaglady/flagman training.

i. environmental and social supervision:

i. environmentalist: days worked, areas inspected and numbers of inspections of

each part of the Facilities created, highlights of activities/findings (including

violations of environmental and/or social best practices, actions taken), reports to

environmental and/or social specialist/construction/site management;

ii. sociologist: days worked, number of partial and full site inspections of each part of

the Facilities created, highlights of activities (including violations of environmental

and/or social requirements observed, actions taken), reports to environmental

and/or social specialist/construction/site management; and

iii. community liaison person(s): days worked (hours community center open),

number of people met, highlights of activities (issues raised, etc.), reports to

environmental and/or social specialist /construction/site management.

j. Grievances: list this month’s and unresolved past grievances by date received,

complainant, how received, to whom referred to for action, resolution and date (if

completed), data resolution reported to complainant, any required follow-up (Cross-

reference other sections as needed):

i. Worker grievances;

ii. Community grievances

k. Traffic and vehicles/equipment:

i. traffic accidents involving project vehicles & equipment: provide date, location,

damage, cause, follow-up;



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ii. accidents involving non-project vehicles or property (also reported under

immediate metrics): provide date, location, damage, cause, follow-up;

iii. overall condition of vehicles/equipment (subjective judgment by

environmentalist); non-routine repairs and maintenance needed to improve

safety and/or environmental performance (to control smoke, etc.).

l. Environmental mitigations and issues (what has been done):

i. dust: number of working bowsers, number of waterings/day, number of

complaints, warnings given by environmentalist, actions taken to resolve;

highlights of quarry dust control (covers, sprays, operational status); % of

rock/muram/spoil lorries with covers, actions taken for uncovered vehicles;

ii. erosion control: controls implemented by location, status of water crossings,

environmentalist inspections and results, actions taken to resolve issues,

emergency repairs needed to control erosion/sedimentation;

iii. quarries, borrow areas, spoil areas, asphalt plants, batch plants: identify major

activities undertaken this month at each, and highlights of environmental and

social protection: land clearing, boundary marking, topsoil salvage, traffic

management, decommissioning planning, decommissioning implementation;

iv. blasting: number of blasts (and locations), status of implementation of blasting

plan (including notices, evacuations, etc.), incidents of off-site damage or

complaints (cross-reference other sections as needed);

v. spill cleanups, if any: material spilled, location, amount, actions taken, material

disposal (report all spills that result in water or soil contamination);

vi. waste management: types and quantities generated and managed, including

amount taken offsite (and by whom) or reused/recycled/disposed on-site;

vii. details of tree plantings and other mitigations required undertaken this month;

viii. details of water and swamp protection mitigations required undertaken this

month.



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m. compliance:

i. compliance status for conditions of all relevant consents/permits, for the Work,

including quarries, etc.): statement of compliance or listing of issues and actions

taken (or to be taken) to reach compliance;

ii. compliance status of ESMP/ESIP requirements: statement of compliance or

listing of issues and actions taken (or to be taken) to reach compliance

iii. other unresolved issues from previous months related to environmental and

social: continued violations, continued failure of equipment, continued lack of

vehicle covers, spills not dealt with, continued compensation or blasting issues,

etc. Cross-reference other sections as needed.

Part 4 – Requirements for the preparation of the Code of Conduct

The Concessionaire shall submit the Code of Conduct that will apply to the

Concessionaire’s employees and subcontractors. The Code of Conduct shall ensure

compliance with the ESHS provisions of the Concession Agreement, including those as

may be more fully described in the following:

a. Works Requirements described in Concession Agreement;

b. Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA);

c. Environmental Management Plan (EMP);

d. Consent Conditions (regulatory authority conditions attached to any permits or

approvals for the project).

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CODE OF CONDUCT

A minimum requirement for the Code of Conduct should be set out, taking into

consideration the issues, impacts, and mitigation measures identified in:

• project reports e.g. ESIA/ESMP

• consent/permit conditions



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• required standards including World Bank Group EHS Guidelines and

Performance Standards

• national legal and/or regulatory requirements and standards (where these

represent higher standards than the WBG EHS Guidelines and PS)

• relevant standards e.g. Workers’ Accommodation: Process and Standards

(Indian Standards, and in the absence of such Indian Standards those of IFC

and EBRD)

• relevant sector standards e.g. workers accommodation

• grievances redress mechanisms.

The types of issues identified could include risks associated with: labor influx, spread

of communicable diseases, sexual harassment, gender based violence, illicit behavior

and crime, and maintaining a safe environment etc.

A satisfactory code of conduct will contain obligations on all project staff (including sub-

contractors and day workers) that are suitable to address the following issues, as a

minimum.

Compliance with applicable laws, rules, and regulations of the jurisdiction 1. Compliance with applicable health and safety requirements (including wearing

prescribed personal protective equipment, preventing avoidable accidents and a duty to report conditions or practices that pose a safety hazard or threaten the environment)

2. The use of illegal substances 3. Non-Discrimination (for example on the basis of family status, ethnicity, race,

gender, religion, language, marital status, birth, age, disability, or political conviction)

4. Interactions with community members (for example to convey an attitude of respect and non-discrimination)

5. Sexual harassment (for example to prohibit use of language or behavior, in particular towards women or children, that is inappropriate, harassing, abusive, sexually provocative, demeaning or culturally inappropriate)

6. Violence or exploitation (for example the prohibition of the exchange of money, employment, goods, or services for sex, including sexual favors or other forms of humiliating, degrading or exploitative behavior)

7. Protection of children (including prohibitions against abuse, defilement, or otherwise unacceptable behavior with children, limiting interactions with children, and ensuring their safety in project areas)



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8. Sanitation requirements (for example, to ensure workers use specified sanitary facilities provided by their employer and not open areas)

9. Avoidance of conflicts of interest (such that benefits, Concession Agreement, or employment, or any sort of preferential treatment or favors, are not provided to any person with whom there is a financial, family, or personal connection)

10. Respecting reasonable work instructions (including regarding environmental and social norms)

11. Protection and proper use of property (for example, to prohibit theft, carelessness or waste)

12. Duty to report violations of this Code 13. Non-retaliation against workers who report violations of the Code, if that report is

made in good faith.

The Code of Conduct should be written in plain language and signed by each worker to indicate that they have:

• received a copy of the code; • had the code explained to them; • acknowledged that adherence to this Code of Conduct is a condition of

employment; and • understood that violations of the Code can result in serious consequences, up to

and including dismissal, or referral to legal authorities.

Part 5 – Guidelines for staffing of a Core team of 3 people for implementation of the Concessionaire's ESHS obligations as per Clause 7.5 (b) (iii) of the Concession Agreement

S.No Key Position

Minimum Qualifying Requirement

Total Work Experience

(years)

Experience in Similar

Works (years)

Minimum Education Qualification

1. Health Expert & Safety Specialist*

10 5 B.E. /B. Tech or Equivalent with Specialization / additional qualification in EHS related field.

2. Environmental Specialist *

10 5 B.E./B. Tech or Equivalent with Specialization / additional qualification in



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S.No Key Position

Minimum Qualifying Requirement

Total Work Experience

(years)

Experience in Similar

Works (years)

Minimum Education Qualification

Environment related field

3. Social Specialist* 10 5 Master’s degree in Social Work or equivalent

* He/she should have worked as a sole expert for Urban Infrastructure projects. Experience in environment / safety / Social Risk Assessment, resettlement and rehabilitation and Management plans related to similar project would be preferred.

Part 6 – Minimum Requirements and Guidelines for the preparation of the Screening Report as per Clause 7.2 (a) (ii) of the Concession Agreement

The extent of assessment required to identify and mitigate the impacts largely

depends upon the complexities of project activities. The scrutiny and screening will

be based on a detailed Environment and Social Screening exercise, summarized

in the following Format:



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Environment and Social information format for screening Project Title:

Implementing agency:

Project cost:

Project components:

Project location (Area/ district)





• Involuntary land taking resulting in loss of income from agricultural land, plantation or other existing land-use.

• Involuntary land taking resulting in relocation of title holder or non-titleholder households.



• Any specific gender issues.


• Clearance of vegetation/ tree-cover • Direct discharge of construction run-off,

improper storage and disposal of excavation spoils, wastes and other construction



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materials adversely affecting water quality and flow regimes.

• Flooding of adjacent areas • Improper storage and handling of

substances leading to contamination of soil and water

• Elevated noise and dust emission • Disruption to traffic movements • Damage to existing infrastructure, public

utilities, amenities etc. • Failure to restore temporary construction

sites • Possible conflicts with and/or disruption to

local community • Health risks due to unhygienic conditions at

workers’ camps • Safety hazards during construction


• Flooding of adjacent areas • Impacts to water quality due to effluent

discharge • Gas emissions • Safety hazards

5 Do projects of this nature / type require prior environmental clearance either from the MOEF&CC or from a relevant state Government department? (MOEF&CC/ relevant State Government department/ No clearance at all)

6 Does the project involve any prior clearance from the MOEF&CC or State Forest department for either the conversion of forest land or for tree-cutting? (Yes/ No). If yes, which?



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7 Please attach photographs and location maps along with this completed Environmental Information Format for Screening.

Overall assessment

*Detailed explanation/ justification for arriving at specific category (high/ low) to be provided in the specified column