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Environmental Management System
ISO 14001: 2004
We Remember...
• 10% of what we read.
• 20% of what we hear.
• 30% of what we see.
• 50% of what we see and hear together.
• 80% of what we say.
• 90 % of what we say while we do it.
The aim of this course is:
• to equip learners with the necessary skills and knowledge needed to:
– Successfully implement an EMS fulfilling the requirements of ISO 14001:2004
– Conduct effective internal audits of an EMS.
Introduction to EMS
PART 1
Relationship between Industry and Environment
Industrial Activity Consumption
Waste
Raw Materials
RecyclingRe-use & Recycling
Re-use
Waste
Products & Services
Some important EMS definitions
-Environment -our surroundings-land/water/air/flora/fauna/humans-aspect- interaction with environment-impact- changes to environment (adverse/beneficial)-legal & others(public notice/court orders)-interested parties- employer, employee/ govt/society supplier, etc-key characteristics- parameters of environment process-continual improvement-audit
EMS ISSUESCritical Issues at global level & ending with
local significance
Depletion of Ozone layerGlobal warmingLoss of bio diversityAir /water/noise/land- pollutionToxic chemicals(effluents/marine
life)Nuclear issues( accident/waste)Depletion of natural resourcesQuality of life
Some known environment damages
Chernobyl nuclear reactor leakage in Soviet UnionOil spillage in Gulf warOil fire in Gulf warOil Spillage at Karachi Port
Historical background to EMS
*GATT- general agreement on tariffs & trade, Uruguay 1972 /UN Rio Summit for protection of environment*BS 7750/ISO 14000:1996*MARPOL*NATIONAL POLICY/ EIA*KYOTO PROTOCOL
ISO 14000
Env.M a na g e m e nt
Env.A ud iting
Env. Pe rfo rm a nc eInic a to rs
O rg a nisa tio ns
Ec o - la b e lling Life - C yc leA na lysis
Pro d uc ts
ISO 14000
ISO 14000
Organization oriented standards
– Environmental Management (ISO 14001, 14004: 2004)*
– Environmental Auditing (ISO 19011:2002,)*
– Environmental Performance Indicators (14031)
Product oriented standards
– Life-Cycle Analysis (ISO 14040, 14041, 14042, 14043)
– Eco-labeling (ISO 14020, 14021, 14022, 14023, 14024, 14025)
ISO 14000
QMS IS : CUSTOMER FOCUSSED + CONTINUAL
IMPROVEMENT
EMS IS : COMPLIANCE ORIENTED + CONTINUAL
IMPROVEMENT
What is Environmental Management?
• Business activities have environmental impacts:– raw material extraction, manufacturing,
transportation, product use and disposal– raw material inputs & waste outputs
• Environmental Management :– managing those activities of an organization that have or can potentially have an impact on the environment
Aspects: Activities, products and processes that can or do interact with the environment
Impacts: Changes to the environment caused by environmental aspects.
Air emissions from oil fired drying process
Oil fired drying process
The definition of aspects and impacts “Cause and Effect”
Aspects, impacts and environmental performance
“Prevention, reduction & control leads to improvement”
Prevention, reduction and
control of aspects
Minimize or eliminate impacts
Improved environmental performance
= =
Oil fired drying process: elimination or reduction of air emissions
Oil fired drying process:switch to natural gasdecrease use of fueluse flue gas scrubbing technology
= = Less impact on the environment
Cycle of improvement
Act
Plan
Do
Check
ContinualImprovement
ISO 14001: 2004 Environmental management systems -
specifications with guidance for use • EMS definition:
“...part of the overall management system which includes the organizational structure, planning
activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining the environmental policy.”
ISO 14001: 2004
• International EMS standard.
• Applicable to all types and sizes of organizations.
• Closely related to existing ISO 9000 series of QMS standards.
• Replaced the British standard BS 7750.
• Key focus on realising the environmental policy and continual improvement.
Benefits
– cut costs– PR, image– compliance with
legislation– improves
local/general environment
– less pollution
– better environmental performance– improve control– improved relations with interested parties– structured approach– sustaining business, long term future
Drawbacks
– human resources– implementation costs + upkeep– non-believers– lack of awareness/difficult to interpret– keeping information up to date/bureaucratic– highly intensive to implement– legal liability
Management Review
Planning
Implementation & operation
Checking
ContinualImprovement
Stages of ISO 14001 Implementation
Stages of ISO 14001 ImplementationPlanning
Management Review
Planning
Implementation and operation
Checking
ContinualImprovement
Planning• Initial environmental Review• Register of aspects and impacts• Environmental policy• Environmental legislation and regulation• Environmental objectives & targets• Environmental management programmes
Stages of ISO 14001 ImplementationEmergency preparedness and response
Implementation & operation
Checking and corrective action
ContinualImprovement
Implementation and operation• Structure and responsibilities• Environmental procedures• Environmental training and awareness• Environmental communication• Environmental management manual• Document control• Operational control• Emergency preparedness and response
Planning
Management Review
Stages of ISO 14001 ImplementationEMS audit
Management Review
Planning
Implementation & operation
Checking
ContinualImprovement
Checking and corrective action• Monitoring and measuring• EMS non-conformance, correction & prevention• Environmental records• EMS audit
Management Review
Planning
Implementation and operation
Checking
ContinualImprovement
Stages of ISO 14001 ImplementationManagement review
Audit resultsObjectives & Targets
PerformanceResourcesFollow up
CAPA
Initial Assessment
Preliminary Assessment
Document Review
Main Assessment
The main steps toward ISO 14001 EMS certification
Certification
(registration)
Surveillance
ISO 1
4001
Certifi
catio
n
5
4
2
6
3
1
ISO 14001:2004 EMS Requirements
PART 2Interpretation of ISO
clauses
Repeated terminologies in the Std
• Shall• establish• Implement• Maintain• Define &
document• Documented• Review• process
*aspect*impact*procedure*records*objectives & targets*performance*monitoring*evaluation
1- Environmental Scope*
• The Organization shall define the scope with respect to their :
• products• services• Processes• location• & Legal requirements
* Scope is to define your boundary
ISO CLAUSE 4.1
EMS General Requirements
4.1- EMS General Requirements
• The Organization shall :
• Establish• Document• Implement• Maintain• continually improve EMS of the Organization• Fulfill the requirement of ISO 14001 : 2004 Std
* Scope shall be defined & documented
ISO CLAUSE 4.2
ENVRONMENTAL POLICY
4.2 What is an Environmental Policy?
• The environmental policy describes the intentions of the organisation in relation to the environment.
• The environmental policy is the core of the system from which continual improvement is derived.
4.2 -Environmental Policy
The TOP MGT shall define environmental policy providing the basic guideline for the environmental work and shall address :
•The EP is appropriate to the Organizational activities, products & services•a commitment to prevention of pollution• continual improvement •Compliance to applicable legal & other requirements •Reviewing objectives & targets ( contd)
4.2 -Environmental Policy(contd)
• EP is documented,implemented& maintained
• It is communicated to all persons in the Organization & also to persons working on behalf of Organization
• EP is available to public
ISO CLAUSE 4.3
PLANNING
4.3.1 environmental Aspects4.3.2 Legal & other requirements
4.3.3 Objectives,targets& programs
4.3 Planning 4.3.1 Environmental Aspects
• Your organisation shall be able to continuously identify and prioritise environmental impacts to enable the setting of relevant objectives and targets.
Register of Aspects & Impacts
• Subsequent to the Initial Environmental Review/ procedure your organisation must compile a register of environmental aspects and impacts based on the areas identified.
• Aspect (element of your organisation’s activities, functions, products and processes that can interact with the environment).
• Impact (any change to the environment resulting from activities, functions, products and processes of your organization- change may be adverse or beneficial).
• The register/ document on aspects-impacts shall be up to date
Register of Aspects & Impacts
• Your Register must identify the significant aspects and impacts arising from:
– all normal operating conditions, – all or any abnormal operating conditions,– all incidents, accidents and potential,
emergency situations,legal requirements– all past, present and planned activities, and– the full life cycle of your organisation’s products.
Sample Checklist for Identifying Aspects & Impacts
• You must identify the significant aspects and impacts by asking these questions at process/functional areas:
- any spillage/leakage ( oil/ liquid/ water/ gas/ steam/others)
-noise/vibration/startup-running-shutdown-maintenance
-Dust
-Air pollution-atmosphere/cultural heritage (places of worship,historical sites & structures)
-Discharge of toxic elements/ effluents
-Legal requirements / any local orders by authorities
-Potential emergency – fire/accidents
-land contamination/ resource depletion( energy/materials)
-generation of waste &disposal ( scrap/oil soaked/lead acid /chemicals/food/ waste water/ medical waste
4.3.2 Legal& other Requirements
• The organisation shall identify and have access to relevant environmental legislation, regulations and other requirements applicable to the organisation.
• Maintain procedures for identification& implementation of legal & other issues- court orders, public notices, agreement with customers, codes/practices, environmental labeling
* Monitor compliance
Some familiar Legal & other Requirements
• PEPA- Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997
4.3.3 Objectives, Targets & programme(s)
• Your organisation shall establish and document objectives and detailed targets. The objectives and targets shall support the environmental policy and the commitment to a preventative approach & continual improvement.
• Objectives & Targets shall be measurable
What is an Environmental Objective?
• Overall performance goals that are reflected in the statements made within the Environmental Policy.
• Goals, in terms of environmental performance, that are set by your organisation.
• Establish Objectives & Targets at relevant functions/levels ( dept/ HODs/ sites)
What is an Environmental Target?
• Targets are detailed and quantified/ measurable performance requirements, including timetables, developed to meet set objectives.
• When estimating Objectives & Targets, Consider technological options, financial, operational& business requirements, & views of interested parties
Environmental Management Programmes
• Your organisation shall establish EMP &allocate responsibilities for achieving objectives and targets. Available resources and timetables for achieving objectives and targets shall be set.
What is an Environmental Management Programme?
• The recipe or guideline for achieving the objectives and targets that have been set in order to realise the Environmental Policy.
• EMP is a key element for improving overall corporate environmental performance.
Planning for improved environmental performance
Objective
Environmental Management Programme
Initial Environmental Review
Policy
Target
Target
TargetTarget
Objective
Environmental Management Programme
Significant aspects & impacts
Target
ISO CLAUSE 4.4
IPLEMENTATION & OPERATION
4.4.1 Resources, roles, responsibility & Authority4.4.2 Competence,Training & Awareness
4.4.3 Communication 4.4.4 Documentation
4.4.5 Control of documents 4.4.6 Operational control
4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness
& response
4.4.1 Resources, Roles, Responsibility & Authority
4.4.1 Resources, Roles, Responsibility & Authority
• Resources will be provided by Management for effective EMS- human resources/specialized skills, infrastructure, financial, technology
• Your organisation shall define, document and communicate roles, responsibilities and authorities.
• To be effective the environmental management system requires an Organization that clearly defines “who does what” and how control is delegated.
Management Representative - EMR
Management Representative
Top management shall appoint EMR with responsibility & authority to :
Ensure EMS processes are established, implemented,
maintained, and
report to top mgt on performance of EMS besides
recommendations for improvement
4.4.2 Competence,Training & Awareness
•Your organisation must identify the need for staff and *others working on behalf of you for training and experience.
• others- contractors,suppliers, transporters, waste handlers
Competence,Training & Awareness
• Implementation of an EMS requires changes in:
– attitudes– behaviour– thinking patterns
• Requires raising the individual’s awareness to:
– environmental issues, aspects, impacts, Objectives &Targets
– the need to achieve conformity of EMS – their role play
– the potential consequences of departure from specified procedures
4.4.3 Communication
• Your organisation shall establish procedures for internal and external communication regarding environmental matters.
Communication (contd)
• The means to communicate with and provide information to interested persons inside or outside the organisation. (daily meetings, bulletin, notice board, intranet)
• Facilitate dialogue with the public. ( action on emergency,info to legal authority)
• Reporting of environmental performance.( annual reports, newsletter,website, community meetings)
• Public acceptance may result in improved relations with interested parties.
4.4.4 Documentation
• EMS documentation shall include:• Environmental Policy, objectives & targets• EMS Manual• Records required by ISO 14001 Standard• Documents related to procedures
• Your organisation should ensure that documents are properly prepared, stored, issued, amended and revised.
Documentation
• The system should differentiate between controlled and uncontrolled copies of documents.
• EMS documentation can be structured according to document hierarchy.– Level 1: Controlling documents; policy, objectives
and targets, legislation & other requirements etc.– Level 2: Environmental procedures (system
procedures & operational procedures.– Level 3: Operational / Work instructions.– Level 4: Environmental records, checklists, forms
etc.
EMS documentation
(E M Manual) • Your organisation shall document and describe:
– The scope,the core components of the EMS system– how these interact– references to related documentation (procedures/WI)
Environmental Management Manual
• Key instrument for controlling the management system.
• Central reference point for maintaining and auditing the EMS.
• Your Environmental Management Manual can make reference to other forms of information or documentation to avoid duplicating documentation.
• Integration with Quality Management System (QMS).
Environmental Procedures
• Environmental procedures are the step-by-step instructions, that if carried out properly, will control both your EMS and your organisation’s activities, products and processes (aspects).
• Environmental procedures link responsibilities to desired outputs.
• Established to ensure that all requirements of the EMS are met.
List of EMS Procedures as per Std
• 4.3.1- procedure for environmental aspects• 4.3.2- procedure for legal &other requirements• 4.4.2- procedure for creating awareness to
employees&others• 4.4.3- procedure for internal & external common• 4.4.5- procedure on control of documents• 4.4.6- procedure on operational control * (documented)• 4.4.6 –procedure on significant environmental aspects to
suppliers• 4.4.7- procedure on Emergency Preparedness & Response• 4.5.1- procedure on Monitoring & Measurement• 4.5.2- procedure for Evaluation of compliance on
legal/other Requirements• 4.5.3 – procedure on NC & CAPA• 4.5.4- procedure on control of records• 4.5.5- procedure on Internal Audit ( total 13 EMSP)
4.4.5 Control of Documents
• Your organisation must ensure that:
– documents can be readily located.
– documentation is kept up to date.
– outdated versions of documents are removed.
– uncontrolled documents are clearly marked.
• Ensure that all EMS documents are legible and clearly marked with the date prepared, date to be
revised, document title, and document version.
4.4.5 Control of Documents• Procedure shall be established for control of documents
for : Approval prior to issue Review , Update Identify current status of revision
Ensure availability at points of use
Legible & readily identifiable
• Identify external documents & control distribution
Prevent unintended use of obsolete documents & identify them Documents & records shall be controlled
4.4.6 Operational Control
• Activities, products and processes (operations) that cause environmental impacts must be controlled and minimised.
Operational Control
• Physically control all the activities, functions, products and processes that have been associated with the significant environmental impacts.
• Operational control must include documented work instructions and operating procedures/criteria defining the manner in which your control will be maintained.
( operational criteria-ph value/TDS in water volume/
temp/air quality etc)
• Procedures to educate your contractors/suppliers on EMS
4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness & Response
• Shall est. Procedures to identify the potential for accidents and emergency situations,
• appropriately respond to,
and minimise the environmental impact of,
accident and emergency situations
• Periodically review & revise procedures
( on / after occurrence)
• Carryout mock drills , where practicable Note: well prepared layout plan of your Organization may help with wind
directions
Points for consideration on EP&R
• Identify hazardous site – POL/storage tanks/gas storage/OHT spillage/leaks/fire related areas/textile/explosions/ potential damages from nearby plants/water woks etc
• How will you respond in situations• Internal & external common plan- alarm/tele/TV/media/posters• Standby arrangements with neighbors• Action to minimize environmental damages – fire fighting/cut off
power• Mitigation – relief measures/first aid/ambulance • Testing of emergency procedure• Targets of Personal, Key Person to deal with situation• aid agencies- fire dept/spillage clean up• Evacuation routes/assembly points• Note: well prepared layout plan of your Organization may help with wind directions
ISO CLAUSE 4.5
CHECKING
4.5.1 Monitoring & Measurement4.5.2 Evaluation Of Compliance4.5.3 Non Conformity, Corrective action & Preventive action4.5.4 Control of Records4.5.5 Internal Audit
4.5.1 Monitoring & Measuring
• Organization Shall establish procedure for :
• detailing the process of monitoring and measuring the KEY characteristics ,the activities, products and processes of your operations that have, or could have, a significant environmental impact. ( noise level / air emission/ water quality/waste/status on Objectives& Targets etc)
• Calibrate/verify MM devices & maintain records
Monitoring & Measuring
• Establish and maintain procedures to monitor the activities, functions and processes that are associated with a significant environmental impact.
• Establish and maintain procedures to measure the impact that results from the aforementioned activities, functions, and processes.
• Identify and document the monitoring and measuring information to be obtained.
4.5.2 Evaluation of Compliance
• 4.5.2.1 Procedures for compliance to legal requirements• Periodically evaluate legal issues ( pollution control
board rules/acts/renewal of licenses/permits/ NOC)
• 4.5.2.2 Procedures for compliance to other requirements• Periodically evaluate other issues ( court orders/public notices/media reports etc)
Note : Maintain records of periodic evaluation of above
4.5.3 Nonconformity, Corrective & Preventive Action
• You must have a written procedure detailing responsibility for investigating actual & potential non-conformance of your EMS for taking suitable
CAPA
NC &CAPA
• Investigate the non-compliance to: *
– determine the cause of the non-compliance.– determine what plan of action is required.– determine what preventative measures should
be taken.– ensure preventive measures and controls are
effective.– ensure that any procedures affected by the
corrective taken, are revised.– * eg- leakage/ETP malfunctions/complains/legal
issues
4.5.4 Environmental Records
• You must have a written procedure detailing the identification, control, and maintenance of all EMS records.
• Your organization must develop and retain all environmental records required for the successful development, implementation and maintenance of the EMS.
4.5.4 Control of (EMS) RecordsOrganization shall maintain procedure for control of EMS records:
Records to provide evidence of conformance to requirements
of ISO std / EMS
Records shall be legible , readily identifiable & traceable
• Identify external documents & control distribution
• Prevent unintended use of obsolete documents & identify them
• Documents & records shall be controlled
• Documented procedure shall be established for Identification, Protection, Storage, Retrieval, Retention time & Disposition
EMS Records Required to be Maintain by the Organization
1. Results of Management Reviews (4.6)2. Competence, Awareness and Training (4.4.2)3. Complaint Records (4.6.b)4. Incident reports (4.4.7)5. Records of tests for emergency preparedness
(4.4.7)6. External communication results (4.4.3)7. Records of applicable legal requirements (4.3.2)8. Records of significant environmental aspects
(4.3.1)9. Records of environmental meetings (4.4.3.b)10. Pertinent contractor & supplier records (4.4.6.c)11. Environmental performance information (4.5.1)
Contd….
12. Legal compliance records (4.5.2.1)13. Communication with interested parties
(4.4.3.b)14. Calibration results (4.5.1)15. Internal Audits (4.5.5)16. Process Monitoring & Measurement
Records (4.5.1)17. Record of non conformities (4.5.3)18. Results of corrective action (4.5.3)19. Results of preventive action (4.5.3)
Note: Other supporting records as considered necessary by the organization.
4.5.5. Internal Audits
Internal audit shall be conducted as per procedure to determine:
Conformance with EMS/ International Standard Effective implementation and maintenance of EMS Provide info to Mgt on result of Audit Audit at planned intervals Plan, result of previous audit, scope, audit criteria,
frequency, method – all to be defined in procedure. Auditors shall ensure objectivity & impartiality of audit
process ref ISO 19011 :2002 for QMS/ EMS auditing guidelines
EMS Auditing & Management Review
PART 4
EMS Audit
• An EMS audit, like a QMS audit or financial audit, is the process by which you assess whether your system meets a set of previously defined criteria.
• In this case, the criteria are the requirements of the ISO 14001 standard.
What is an EMS Audit?
• A tool that is used to check whether an organisation is doing what it says it is doing.
• It assesses conformity of the EMS activities and conditions to the EMS requirements.
Other types of Audits
• Compliance audit• Site environmental audit• Health and safety audit• Product quality audit• Merger and ad acquisition audit• Insurance risk audit
The 4 Stages of an EMS Audit
• Audit Planning & Preparation• Executing the Audit• Audit Reporting• Follow-up
Requirements for Auditing
• ISO14001
• Additional guidelines – ISO 14010 General Principles– ISO 19011 Auditing Procedures for
EMS
ISO 19011
ISO CLAUSE 4.6
Management Review
4.6 Management Review
• Management Review is the formal evaluation, by TOP management, of the audit findings and the degree to which organisation’s environmental policy, objectives and targets and procedures are functioning as tools to improve environmental performance.
Management Review (contd)
• Carried out by top management and by those who developed the EMS components being reviewed.
• The Management Review must be documented.
• The Management Review must assess the need to revise and improve the organisation’s overall intentions with respect to environment.
Opportunities for improvement
4.6 Input Requirements for Management Review
• The TOP Management Review must assess the need to revise and look for opportunities to improve the key EMS in light of:
• Result of internal EMS Audits– Common from external parties including COMPLAINTS– the Environmental Policy.– Objectives and Targets. – Environmental Management Programmes and
Procedures.– Changing circumstances, the views of stakeholders, and
( legal/tech changes etc)– Status of corrective & preventive actions– Follow up actions on previous MRM– The recommendations & commitment to continual
improvement.
REDUCEREUSE
RECYCLE & be rewarded
End of Interpretation of EMS Clauses
&THANK YOU
Good
Good• Planting of trees by municipal / Corporation• “ Demand for Environmental protection
devices high” • GREEN CITIES – plan for the planet ( GOI ) • Zero waste plan for tanneries • “Hydrogen –fuelled cars• “Green Peace”-worldwide watchdog
movement for Environment
Bad
Bad• “ very high levels of pesticides” found in blood
samples in Punjab- quality of life affected• “ pollution – Triggered lung diseases “ on the rise
in urban areas• Hospital Waste• Thermal Power Generation• Lack of Enforcement of GOVT Environment
Regulations• Sewage and Solid Waste• Polythene Bags
Remember 5 June
is World Environment DAY
U MustParticipate
Protect&
Prevent Pollution
And Finally
•Green awareness not enough, what’s required is the will to change things ;
• population explosion biggest challenge as it endangers poverty, migration & pollution ; says officials