Environmental Remediation in Off-site of Fukushima Dai-ichi ......Report to the Minister of the Environment Application It is stipulated by MOE’s ordinance that the waste applied

MATSUZAWA, YutakaDeputy Director-General

Ministry of the Environment, Japan

Environmental Remediation in Off-site of Fukushima Dai-ichi

Nuclear Power StationSeptember 21, 2020

1. Result and Effect of Off-Site Decontamination

2. Interim Storage Facility

3. Communication and Future-Oriented Projects

2

【機密性２】※機密性は以下を参考に、適切に変更・表示し、以下の記述を削除してください。また、取扱制限等（例１：関係者限り、例２：公表までの間）については必要に応じて追加してください。秘密文書相当、機微な個人情報を含む場合は【機密性３】／公開を前提としない場合は【機密性２】（公開前の案の段階なども含む）／公開可能な場合は【機密性１】Decontamination and Waste Treatment based on the “Act on Special Measures”

Decontamination implementation by the National Government

① Special Decontamination Areas (SDA)

② Intensive Contamination Survey Areas (ICSA)

Designation of the ICSA by the Minister of the Environment(The areas with more than 0.23μSv/h)

※0.23μSv/h is not the decontamination target, but designation criteria for the ICSA

If the area is more than 0.23 μSv/h, after the monitoring survey by municipality mayors

Development of Decontamination Implementation Plan by the municipality mayors

Implementation of decontamination by municipality mayors based on the plan (the national government allocates the budget)

※Removed soil generated by decontamination work inside NPP, is implemented by the relevant nuclear producer, TEPCO

① Waste within the countermeasure area

② Designated waste

Designation of contaminated waste management area※ by the

Minister of the Environment

A management plan for waste within the countermeasure area is formulated by the Minister of

the Environment

Implemented by the national government pursuant to the

treatment plan for waste

※Designated areas which meet requirements to be contaminated by radioactive materials at certain level necessary to manage waste under special management

Survey on sewerage sludge, incinerated ash, etc. (obligatory)

Implemented by the national government

Survey on waste other than that specified in the

left box (voluntary

basis)

Prohibition on unauthorized actions (ex. unauthorized dumping)

Designated as “designated waste” by the Minister of the Environment

Contaminated waste above certain level (8,000Bq/kg)

※

Specified waste

Report to the Minister of the Environment Application

It is stipulated by MOE’s ordinance that the waste applied for waste treatment law, but might be contaminated by radioactive materials diffused from the NPP accident. It is managed based on treatment criteria of the waste treatment law and special treatment criteria on the Act on Special Measures

Specified domestic waste and specified industrial waste

Measures on decontamination of soil contaminated by radioactive materials

Management of waste contaminated by radioactive materials

Designation of SDA by the Minister of the Environment

Development of the decontamination

implementation plan in the SDA by the Minister of the

Environment

3

【機密性２】※機密性は以下を参考に、適切に変更・表示し、以下の記述を削除してください。また、取扱制限等（例１：関係者限り、例２：公表までの間）については必要に応じて追加してください。秘密文書相当、機微な個人情報を含む場合は【機密性３】／公開を前提としない場合は【機密性２】（公開前の案の段階なども含む）／公開可能な場合は【機密性１】

<Special Decontamination Areas (SDA)><Intensive Contamination Survey Areas (ICSA)>

SDA （11） ICSA （93）

Within Fukushima Pref. 43※ 11 36

Outside Fukushima Pref.(7 Pref.) 57 ― 57

Total 100 Completed in March 2017 2018年３月に完了 4

Result of Whole Area Decontamination

Whole area decontamination based on the Act on Special Measures was completed on March 19, 2018, excluding the Difficult-to-Return Zones (DRZ)

Completed in March 2018※There are both SDA and ICSA in Minamisoma, Tamura, Kawamata, and Kawauchi

Municipalities where whole area decontamination was completed

→ Whole area decontamination

in the SDA was completed at

the end of March 2017NPP

NPP


Air dose rate in residential areas has been decreased 60% by the decontamination and it is confirmed that effect of the whole area decontamination is maintained

Before decontamination

After decontamination

Post-decontaminationmonitoring

Residential areas Farmland Forests Roads (n=261,153) (n=119,226) (n=93,938) (n=86,915)

5

NOTE: The chart shows the air dose rate average in each category (aggregated data of measuring points).Residential areas include schools, parks, cemeteries, and large-sized facilities, farmland includes orchard, and forests include slopes, grasslandand lawn. Post-decontamination monitoring was implemented after 6 months to a year after the decontamination work. The latest result of postdecontamination monitoring in municipalities were summarized

[Implementation period] ・Monitoring before decontamination Nov.2011 - Nov. 2016・Monitoring after decontamination Dec. 2011 - Dec. 2017・Post decontamination monitoring Oct. 2014 - Aug. 2018

[Air dose rate (μSv/h)]

Effects of Decontamination in SDA<Air dose rate measured at the height of 1m from the ground / Transition according to land category>

(N=561,232)

【機密性２】※機密性は以下を参考に、適切に変更・表示し、以下の記述を削除してください。また、取扱制限等（例１：関係者限り、例２：公表までの間）については必要に応じて追加してください。秘密文書相当、機微な個人情報を含む場合は【機密性３】／公開を前提としない場合は【機密性２】（公開前の案の段階なども含む）／公開可能な場合は【機密性１】Effect of Decontamination in Evacuation-Lifted Area

<August 2013> <April 2019>Approx. 81,000 pers. → Approx. 23,000 pers. (△58,000 pers.)In Evacuation Order-Lifted Areas, 15,112 pers. (about26%) have returned to home

6

<August 2013> <April 2019>Approx. 1,150㎡ → Approx. 340㎡ (△810 ㎡ identical to Evacuation Order-

Lifted Area)

Approx. 33% (5,038 ha / 15,258 ha)

1. Evacuation Order Area

2. Number of evacuees from Evacuation Order Areas

3. Rate of resumed farming in the areas where decontamination has completed

Source: 1& 2 from “Status of the Evacuation Order Areas”, Support Team for Livelihood of Disaster Victims, Cabinet Office in September 20193 “Farming Resumed Project” Fukushima Prefecture as of the end of FY2019


Achieved as of the end of

FY2016

Currently, the volume of removed soil stored in Fukushima Prefecture has decreased to approx. 6.4 mil. ㎥.※※ It is the total volume as of the end of June 2020 in SDA and as of the end of FY2019 in ICSA, calculating a bag as 1 ㎥.

Total number of 194 TSS has completed the land restoration by the end of FY2019 and MOE aims to restore land in about 280 TSS until FY2020.

<Image of transportation and land restoration>

Storage situation After land restoration

Photos: provided by Nihonmatsu City

Restart of farming by the landowner

Transportation to the ISF and restoration in TSS

<Number of TSS which will be restored (Estimation)>

Progress of Land Restoration in Temporary Storage Sites (TSS)

0

200

400

600

800

Total number of TSS (1,359)

Achieved as of the end of

FY2017

Achieved as of the end of FY2018

Achieved as of the end oFY2019

Foresight as of the end of FY2020

7

SDA

ICSA

Total

116165

242

331

159222

780 -810

43 57 89140-150

410

115

525640-670


In all 6 municipalities (Futaba, Okuma, Namie, Tomioka, Iitate and Katsurao), demolition of houses anddecontamination work have started. Especially, in public facilities such as station square, nurseries, and gymnasium,demolition and decontamination work were completed.Towards the goal of lifting evacuation order at entire SRRB between 2022 and Spring 2023, MOE is conductingdemolition and decontamination cooperating with relevant ministries

Before decontamination Decontamination work After decontaminationExamples

Before dismantling Dismantling work After dismantling

TsushimaElementarySchool(Namie)

Farmland(Tomioka)

CommunityCenter inIitate

8

Progress in Specified Reconstruction and Revitalization Base (SRRB)


1. Result and Effect of Off-siteDecontamination


3. Communication and Future-Oriented Projects

9


Interim Storage Facility (ISF) ①

【Process of the ISF Project】

Land acquisition

Processing and storage of soil and waste

※ This drawing is as of March2020 and might be modifiedaccording to land acquisition andfacility construction status.

< Map > Perspective drawing of the facilities

TEPCOFukushima

DaiichiNPP

ISF site

Soil Storage Facility

Waste StorageFacilityStock yards

Screening facility

Temporary incineration facilityTemporary ash treatment facility

Soil Separation Facility

Construction of facilitiesFor soil separation and soil storage facility

Transportation of the soil and waste from TSS to ISF

In Fukushima Prefecture, large quantities of the soil and waste have been generated from off-site decontamination works.ISF is necessary to manage and store above mentioned soil and waste, as well as the specified waste (>100,000 Bq/kg) intensively and safely until the final disposal. The total volume is currently estimated at around 14 mil. ㎥, with the further review reflecting the actual circumstances.

10

NPP


Removed soil transported from TSS and incinerated ash from Temporary Incineration Facility are treated and stored in the Interim Storage Facility.In March 2020, it has started all the operation from treatment of the removed soil and waste to the storage.

Flowchart of the Interim Storage Facility Project

Flowchart of the ISF project

Temporary Storage Facility

Soil

Reception/Separation Facility Facility

Soil

Combustibles

Combustibles(Plants and residue from container bags)

Incinerated ash

Temporary Incineration Facility Volume Reduction Facility


Waste Storage Facility

Ash

In all 9 facilities, operation started in Aug. 2019

Interim Storage FacilityIn all 8 districts, storage

started from March 27, 2020

Operation started in Temporary Ash Treatment Facility in March.2020

Storage started in Futaba District 1, from March 30, 2020

11


12

Plane View of the Interim Storage Facility


Leachate Treatment Facility

Temporary Incineration Facility

Waste Storage Facility

Reception/Separation Facility

TEPCO FukushimaDaiichi NPP



About 280m long

About 90m width

Reception / Separation Facility

Reception / Separation Facility

Reception / Separation Facility in Okuma

Inside the facility

13



14

Soil Storage Facility in Futaba

Under storing work

After storing work



15

Incinerated Ash Melting Facility in Futaba



16

Waste Storage Facility in Futaba

Iron steel madeStack in 3-4 layers and fix to prevent falling

Storage container

Image

How to store containers


In order to transport estimated volume of 14 mil. ㎥ to ISF, MOE is conducting the transportation, getting the local understanding on the “Safety first” basis. ※As of October 2019By the end of FY2021, MOE aims to complete the transportation of the removed soil and waste (except in DRZ) which are temporarily stored in Fukushima Prefecture.In FY2019, approx. 4 mil.㎥ of the soil and waste will be transported to ISF and MOE plans to transport almost the same amount in FY2020.

Source: Added the estimated volume of transportation in FY2020 based on achieved volume of transportation between FY2015-2019 and policy of Interim Storage Facility project in FY2020

Transportation volumeby single year basis (103㎥) / bar graph

Cumulativetransportation Volume

(103㎥) / line graph

Ad-hoc Policy on Transportation to the Interim Storage Facility

17

Goal: Approx. 4,059

FY2015 FY2016 FY2017 FY2018 FY2019 FY2020 FY2021

Actual volumeApprox. 46m3

Actual volumeApprox. 188

Planned volume to be transported

Cumulative volume of transportation:Approx. 785 (as of the end of FY2017)

Cumulative volume of transportation:Approx. 2,624 (as of the end of FY2018)

Actual volumeApprox. 551

Cumulative volume of transportationApprox. 6,683 (as of the end of 2019)

Actual volumeApprox. 1,839

Cumulative volume of transportation:Approx. 8,331 (August 6, 2020)

Achieved volume of Transportation in FY2020:

approx. 1,648 (August 6, 2020)Planned to complete

transportation for almost all the soil and waste by the end of FY 2021

Achieved volume of transportation

Okuma IC in service

Joban Futaba IC in service

Goal: about the same amount as in FY2019


Technology Development Strategy for Volume Reduction & Recycling of the Removed Soil

Towards the final disposal of the removed soil outside Fukushima Pref., MOE will promote recycling of the soil after volume reduction as much as possible, which consequently would lead to reduce the volume of soil for the final disposalAfter clarifying the objectives and priority of technology development and volume reduction & recycling, basic technology development is planned to be completed within 10 years, then move onto a phase of treatment On the premise of securing safety, MOE will try to realize the recycling in the possible field, building public understandings for the safetyBased on technology development and prospect of recycling in the future, MOE would propose some options for structure and necessary dimension of the final disposal

Promotion for recycling

Study on the final disposal

Process managemnetof strategy

Realize the method for the final disposal

Interim target (FY2018) Strategy target (FY2024)

Technology development /

verification

Building the public

understandings

Study on combination of technologiesfor volume reduction

Select a technology / Study on method for the final disposal

Prioritize and verify classification technology development

Study on other technology verification except classification Transition to actual project

Volume forfinal disposal

Volume ofrecycling

Embody where to use recycled materials / Full-scale promotion for recyclingSummarize the basic concept of recycling / Implement demonstrationand model

projects / Study on policy and promotion / Publish and improve a guidance




Volume ofrecycling

Volume ofrecycling

Implementing information dissemination measures (face to face dialog, consensus building activities, etc.) / Establishnecessary systems (cooperation with relevant ministries and human resource development)

18

【機密性２】※機密性は以下を参考に、適切に変更・表示し、以下の記述を削除してください。また、取扱制限等（例１：関係者限り、例２：公表までの間）については必要に応じて追加してください。秘密文書相当、機微な個人情報を含む場合は【機密性３】／公開を前提としない場合は【機密性２】（公開前の案の段階なども含む）／公開可能な場合は【機密性１】Case of Demonstration Project for Recycling in Iitate Village

A demonstration project in Iitate Village is as follows; In response to the request from Iitate Village, the removed soil stored at TSS will be recycled, and experimented in cultivation of flowers and energy crops in Nagadoro Borough.

19

Installed foliage plants using recycled soil covered with clean soil placed in the Minister’s office, and other offices. Recycled soil：2～5kg/pot The number of pot：8Radioactivity concentration of the recycled soil is 5,100Bq/kg.(the mid-value of soil transported to the ISF

is around 2,800Bq/kg)Air dose rate of the Minister’s office is about 0.06 μSv/h whose level is being kept now.MOE will continue to conduct monitoring survey to check the air dose rates around the pots.

The usage of removed soil from Fukushima in MOE office

Figure 1: Image of the usage30cm

30cm

Paving stones

Recycled soil5kg

5cm of Covering soil

Image of the demonstration project

The Minister of the Environment, Mr. Koizumi visited demonstration project site in Iitate Village

He met with Village Mayor and Borough Head, and participated in town meeting

1. Result and Effect of Off-siteDecontamination


3. Communication and Future -Oriented Projects

20

Information Sharing with International CommunitiesMOE has been making efforts to share correct information not only with local residents ,but also with international communities to eliminate misconception towards Fukushima Prefecture.

A comic style booklet, “Nasubi no Gimon”, was released in August 2017, explaining radiation measures for food, etc.

English booklet MOE English web-siteMOE renewed the web-site, addingmore updated information.http://josen.env.go.jp/en/

Recent Activities on international mattersMOE set a display booth in G20 Ministerial Meeting on Energy Transitions and Global Environment for Sustainable Growth in 2019, introducing environmental remediation project in Fukushima. MOE also explained the current status to leaders and high-level government officials in the world.

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and MOE held “IAEA-MOE Experts Meetings” on environmental remediation four times between 2016 and 2017, now working on a summary report of these meetings.

21

BasicConcept

Information dissemination In June 2019, MOE and National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) held a symposium on current and future status of Hama-dori

area in which 220 people from municipality governments and enterprises in and outside Fukushima Prefecture had discussion. On following day of the symposium, on-site tour (by bus) and tours on environmental regeneration project were conducted, such as to show activities for new town development, smart agriculture, and decommissioning/environmental remediation related facilities.

<Fukushima regeneration, future-oriented project symposium, on-site tour><Fukushima regeneration, future-oriented project symposium, on-site tour>

Fukushima Regeneration / Future-Oriented Project“ Fukushima ” × ” De-carbonization / Material cycles / Natural Symbiosis”

In response to the local needs in Fukushima Prefecture, MOE cooperates Fukushima not only with measures for environmental regeneration, but also with de-carbonization, material cycles and natural symbiosis which are MOE’s expertise and enhance measures towards the new stage of Fukushima reconstruction.Cross-field policy package will be strategically contributed combining effectively with MOE’s projects, such as dissemination of information, PR activities, and risk communication on health anxiety for radiation

Support for local revitalizationSupport for de-carbonized town development

Contribute to hope tourism utilizing Reprun, which is an information center for specified waste landfill project

Support creation of material cycle industry. Started the construction of incombustibles recycling facility as a joint project including local enterprises in July 2019.

<Risk communication and information dissemination>

Promote measures to develop charms of national and quasi-national parks based on “Fukushima Green Reconstruction Initiative” formulated with Fukushima Prefecture in April 2019.

Conceptual drawing of Ozenuma Visitor Center

<Regeneration using natural resources><Regeneration using natural resources>

Support for Fukushima Green Regeneration

<Reconstruction of life><Reconstruction of life>To realize town development utilizing advanced de-carbonizing societies

Promote measures for demonstration of advanced recycling technology and for commercialization

← (recycling of used solar panels and automatic sorting system using AI)

Held rice cultivation event in Naraha for students’ volunteers from Tokyo, co-hosted “Ebisuko Festival” in Tomioka

Participate in events at Shinjuku Gyoen, a national park under MOE’s management with 144acres, cooperate “Fukushima Marche”

Reprun Fukushima

Rice cultivation event in Naraha

Image of incombustibles recycling facility

< Reconstruction of occupation >< Reconstruction of occupation >

Study on eco-tourism and promote use of technology with low CO2 emissions

Support for industrial development

Environment Regeneration,

Risk Communication

×

De-carbonization/Material Cycles/Natural Symbiosis

Contribute to recovery and reconstruction

To implement 5 FS investigations for bus sharing, solar sharing, local energy system, smart agriculture, utilizing AI Bus sharing for living and

commutingSolar sharing

22

Thank you for your kind attention

23

Updated information is available on the web-site below：http://josen.env.go.jp/en/

Ouchijuku, an old town still remains in Fukushima

Documents

Environmental Remediation in Off-site of Fukushima Dai-ichi ......Report to the Minister of the Environment Application It is stipulated by MOE’s ordinance that the waste applied