Environmental ScienceEnvironmental Science

is interdisciplinary Iis interdisciplinary I physical sciences (chem.-physics-physical sciences (chem.-physics-

geology)geology) social sciences social sciences Explains how the earth works, Explains how the earth works, interact with the earth, interact with the earth, solves environmental problems. solves environmental problems.

EcologyEcology

studies the relationships between organisms and their environment.

EnvironmentalismEnvironmentalism

Environmentalism is a social movement dedicated to protecting the earth's life support systems.

EF- Sierra Club

Capital =Capital =

Stored stuff that has value.Stored stuff that has value. Resources=Usable Stuff that has Resources=Usable Stuff that has

value and may be used.value and may be used.

Types of and CapitalTypes of and Capital

• Solar =Energy stored in the sun

•Natural=Resources stored on earth

•Human=?

Economic growth or economic Economic growth or economic development=converting natural and development=converting natural and solar capital into resources and solar capital into resources and wealth.wealth.

Gross Domestic ProductGross Domestic Product

GDP and per capita GDP measure GDP and per capita GDP measure economic growth (national)economic growth (national) What we makeWhat we makeGDPGDP

GDP=GDP=

consumptionconsumption + + investmentinvestment + ( + (government spendinggovernment spending) + () + (exportsexports − − importsimports))

Very simular to GNPVery simular to GNP

Resources=material and objects that Resources=material and objects that are converted into wealth.are converted into wealth.

ResourcesResources

Perpetual= Constantly renewed-Ex. Perpetual= Constantly renewed-Ex. sunlightsunlight

RenewableRenewable Nonrenewable Nonrenewable

Countries And WealthCountries And Wealth

Developed countries=more Developed countries=more industrialization and wealth (GDP) industrialization and wealth (GDP) per capita per capita

developing countries=less.developing countries=less. Globalization=an increasingly Globalization=an increasingly

interconnected world,interconnected world, products, services, capital, ideas, and products, services, capital, ideas, and

people constantly cross international people constantly cross international borders.borders.

Affluenza,"Affluenza,"

an addiction to overconsumption, an addiction to overconsumption, affects many people in the affects many people in the developed world. On the other hand, developed world. On the other hand, developed countries typically have developed countries typically have cleaner air and water and more cleaner air and water and more efficient use of energy and materials. efficient use of energy and materials.

Sustainable Society: Sustainable Society:

Doesn't over use it resources.Doesn't over use it resources. Focuses on renewable and perpetual Focuses on renewable and perpetual

resourcesresources

sustainable yield (sustained sustainable yield (sustained yield)yield)

Highest rate at which a potentially Highest rate at which a potentially renewable resource can be used renewable resource can be used without reducing its available supply without reducing its available supply throughout the world or in a throughout the world or in a particular area. particular area.

environmental degradationenvironmental degradation

Depletion or destruction of a Depletion or destruction of a potentially renewable resource potentially renewable resource Ex soil, grassland, forest, or wildlife that is Ex soil, grassland, forest, or wildlife that is used faster than it is naturally replenished. used faster than it is naturally replenished. becomes nonrenewable (on a human time becomes nonrenewable (on a human time

scale) or nonexistent (extinct).scale) or nonexistent (extinct).

Tragedy of the commonsTragedy of the commons

Depletion or degradation of a Depletion or degradation of a potentially renewable resource to potentially renewable resource to which people have free and which people have free and unmanaged access. An example is unmanaged access. An example is the depletion of commercially the depletion of commercially desirable fish species in the open desirable fish species in the open ocean beyond areas controlled by ocean beyond areas controlled by coastal countries. coastal countries.

The process of The Tragedy of The process of The Tragedy of the commonsthe commons

There is so much of it I can take as There is so much of it I can take as much as I want.much as I want.

If I don’t do it/ take it some one else If I don’t do it/ take it some one else will. So it might as well be me.will. So it might as well be me.

It is going to disappear so I might get It is going to disappear so I might get some benefit from it before it is gone.some benefit from it before it is gone.

pollutionpollution

An undesirable change in the An undesirable change in the physical, chemical, or biological physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of air, water, soil, or characteristics of air, water, soil, or food that can adversely affect the food that can adversely affect the health, survival, or activities of health, survival, or activities of humans or other living organisms. humans or other living organisms.

Point Source and Nonpoint Source Point Source and Nonpoint Source

point sourcepoint source

Single identifiable source that Single identifiable source that discharges pollutants into the discharges pollutants into the environment.environment.

Examples are the smokestack of a Examples are the smokestack of a power plant.power plant.

Nonpoint source Nonpoint source

Large or dispersed land areas and Large or dispersed land areas and multiple sources.multiple sources.

Ex.Ex. crop fields, crop fields, streets, streets, lawns lawns

ecological footprintecological footprint

Amount of biologically productive Amount of biologically productive land and water needed to supply land and water needed to supply each person or population with the each person or population with the renewable resources they use and to renewable resources they use and to absorb or dispose of the wastes from absorb or dispose of the wastes from such resource use. It measures the such resource use. It measures the average environmental impact of average environmental impact of individuals or populations in different individuals or populations in different countries and areas. countries and areas.

Developed WorldDeveloped World

11stst world world Advance health careAdvance health care Information- Industrial-ServicesInformation- Industrial-Services Few Children 1-3Few Children 1-3 Late producersLate producers Decreasing populationsDecreasing populations Decreasing infant mortalityDecreasing infant mortality Older populationsOlder populations

Developing CountriesDeveloping Countries

33rdrd world world Agricultural-factoryAgricultural-factory Minimal health careMinimal health care Education limitedEducation limited Young producersYoung producers Many children 2-5Many children 2-5 High infant mortality.High infant mortality.

environmental worldviewenvironmental worldview

How people think the world works, How people think the world works, what they think their role in the what they think their role in the world should be, and what they world should be, and what they believe is right and wrong believe is right and wrong environmental behavior environmental behavior (environmental ethics). (environmental ethics).

People have differing People have differing environmental worldviews or environmental worldviews or

environmental ethics. Most people environmental ethics. Most people in industrial consumer societies in industrial consumer societies have a planetary management have a planetary management

worldview, which promotes worldview, which promotes economic growth economic growth

planetary management planetary management worldviewworldview

Beliefs thatBeliefs that (1) as the planet’s most important (1) as the planet’s most important

species, we are in charge of the earth; species, we are in charge of the earth; (2) we will not run out of resources (2) we will not run out of resources

because of our ability to develop and find because of our ability to develop and find new ones; new ones;

(3) the potential for economic growth is (3) the potential for economic growth is essentially unlimited; andessentially unlimited; and

(4) our success depends on how well we (4) our success depends on how well we manage the earth's life-support systems manage the earth's life-support systems mostly for our own benefit.mostly for our own benefit.

Space Ship EarthSpace Ship Earth

The theory that the earth is like a The theory that the earth is like a space ship. space ship. We can not leave it and what ever we do We can not leave it and what ever we do

to it will impact us.to it will impact us. So So

we better take care of it.we better take care of it. It wont last for everIt wont last for ever What we do will come back on us.What we do will come back on us. What people do on other parts of the world What people do on other parts of the world

will effect us. will effect us.

Technological World ViewTechnological World View

Our technological growth has created Our technological growth has created a problem. a problem.

But our technology will also solve it.But our technology will also solve it.