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Virtual Workshop for DNAsEpisode IV: Sustainable Development Assessment of Climate Actions
Jointly organized by Regional Collaboration Centre for Asia and the Pacific (RCC Bangkok) & Regional Collaboration Centre for Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia (RCC Dubai)
8 April, 2021
Welcome remarks Moderator
Episode IV: ProgrammeTime Activity Speakers2:00 - 2:05 Introduction to the workshop and
introduction of the participantsModerator: Saudamini BagaiTechnical Expert and Coordinator, RCC Dubai
2:05 - 2:10 Welcome remarks James GrabertDirector, Mitigation DivisionActing Director, Communication and Engagement DivisionUN Climate Change Secretariat
2:10 - 2:20 Ice-breaker Bjorn Fonden, RCC Bangkok 2:20 - 2:30 Overview of the outcomes of CDM
Executive Board 109th meetingLuca BrusaTeam LeadRegional Support and Stakeholder Interaction Team Mitigation DivisionUN Climate Change Secretariat
2:20 – 2:30 Sustainable development assessment of climate actions and relevant considerations for Article 6 of the Paris Agreement
Perumal Arumugam Team LeadMitigation DivisionUN Climate Change Secretariat
2:30 - 2:40 An analysis of linkages between the JCM and SDGs
Akibi TsukuiPolicy Researcher, Climate and Energy AreaInstitute for Global Environmental Strategies, Japan
2:40 – 3:40 Moderated Discussion:Sharing of country experience - SD Assessment systems- Reporting on Article 6
Moderator: Jens Radschinski, Lead, RCC Bangkok,Ariel Yu, Deputy Director, IGES BRC
3:40 – 3:45 Closure RCC Bangkok, RCC Dubai
House Keeping
• MS Teams:⮚ Kindly mute your microphone and turn off your camera when not speaking;⮚ Before taking the floor, raise your hand;⮚ When given the floor, please unmute your microphone; and if your bandwidth
allows, turn your camera on.⮚ Leave the “Chat” window open;⮚ Type your questions and comments in the Chat window;
• The link to the poll will be posted in the Chat window;• Slide decks will be shared in the Chat window
Introduction of DNA Participants
Total: XXX Countries
MENA:Saudi ArabiaSomaliaEgyptKuwait
Southeast Asia:CambodiaMalaysiaPhilippinesVietnam
North Asia:Mongolia
Oceania:AustraliaPNG
West Asia:Iran
Central Asia:TajikistanTurkmenistan
Introduction of organizers
RCC Bangkok RCC Dubai
Director, Mitigation DivisionActing Director, Communication and Engagement Division
UN Climate Change Secretariat
Welcome remarks
Icebreaker: An interactive poll
Join the Mentimeter poll on:www.menti.com
Using the code:9592 9166
SDM programme
Overview of the outcomes of CDM Executive Board 109th meeting developments in the CDM
Luca BrusaTeam Lead
Regional Support and Stakeholder Interaction TeamMitigation Division
UN Climate Change Secretariat
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Pre-2021 operation of the CDM
• Business-as-usual;
• This concerns submissions of issuance or activity changes
related to the period by the end of 2020;
• No time limitations for processing these submissions.
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Post-2020 operation of the CDM – EB 108 (December 2020)
a) Temporary measures covering CDM processes relating to emission reductions achieved on or after 1 January 2021, which may be updated and further clarified as appropriate by the Board prior to CMP 16;
b) CDM requests may continue to be submitted as per the standard procedures noting the agreed temporary measures;
c) If analysis of a submission is completed, it shall be recorded as “provisional” and only be finalized by the Board after guidance from the CMP 16;
d) Submissions that do not meet the CDM rules and CMP decisions that are in force will be rejected in accordance with the existing CDM procedures;
e) A set of recommendations to the CMP.
For details see EB 108 meeting report published on the UNFCC CDM website.
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Post-2020 operation of the CDM – EB 109 (March 2021)
a) Clarification on the application of temporary measures available at the regulatory and operational levels;
b) Registration of new A/R activities and inclusion of new A/R CPAs after 31 December 2020 is not possible without further guidance from the CMP;
c) Recommendation to the CMP that guidance from the CMP would be required on specific areas of A/R activities.
Temporary measures may be updated and further clarified as appropriate by the Board prior to CMP 16.
For details see EB 109 meeting report published on the UNFCCC CDM website.
Sustainable development and Article 6
Perumal Arumugam Team Lead
CDM/JI Methodology TeamUN Climate Change Secretariat
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Sustainable Development assessment under the CDM
• The purpose of the clean development mechanism in the Kyoto Protocol:
a) To assist Parties not included in Annex I in achieving sustainable
development and contributing to the ultimate objective of the
Convention,
b) and to assist Parties included in Annex I in achieving compliance with
their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under
Article 3 of the Kyoto protocol.
• The responsibility to make sure that the proposed CDM projects are in line
with and will contribute to sustainable development lies with the host
country DNA.
• Countries have developed different processes and approaches to assess
CDM projects’ contribution to sustainable development in the host country.
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Paris agreement and Article 6
• A.6.1 Parties recognize that some Parties choose to pursue voluntary cooperation in the implementation of NDC to allow for higher ambition in
their mitigation and adaptation actions and to promote sustainable development and environmental integrity.
• A.6.4 and A.6.4 (a) A mechanism to contribute to the mitigation of greenhouse
gas emissions and support/foster sustainable development.
• A.6.8 Parties recognize the importance of integrated, holistic and balanced
non-market approaches being available to Parties to assist in the
implementation of their NDC, in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, in a coordinated and effective manner, including
through, inter alia, mitigation, adaptation, finance, technology transfer and
capacity building, as appropriate
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Latest text from negotiations on A.6
Article 6 text Presidency version 3
A.6.2,V.03,Para 22(g)
• Each participating Party shall also include, in its biennial transparency reports submitted in accordance with decision 18/CMA.1, the following information on how each cooperative approach in which it participates…..
(g) Is consistent with the sustainable development objectives of the host Party, noting national prerogatives
A.6.4,V.03,Para 26(d)
• Each Party hosting Article 6, paragraph 4, activities (hereinafter referred to as a host Party) shall, prior to participating in the mechanism, ensure that:
(d) It has indicated publicly how its participation in the mechanism contributes to sustainable development, while acknowledging that the consideration of sustainable development is a national prerogative.
A.6.4,V.03,Para 39(a)
• The host Party shall provide to the Supervisory Body the approval of the activity prior to a request for registration. The approval shall include:
(a) Confirmation that and information on how the activity fosters sustainable development in the host Party;
17
Latest text from negotiations on A.6
Article 6 text Presidency version 3
A.6.8,V.03,Para 2 b (ii)
Each NMA facilitated under the framework, in the context of Article 6, paragraph 8: Assists participating Parties in implementing their NDCs in an integrated, holistic and balanced manner including through, inter alia:
(ii) Contribution to sustainable development and poverty eradication in participating Parties.
18
Paris agreement and Article 6
• A.6.1 Parties recognize that some Parties choose to pursue voluntary cooperation in the implementation of NDC to allow for higher ambition in
their mitigation and adaptation actions and to promote sustainable development and environmental integrity.
• A.6.4 and A.6.4 (a) A mechanism to contribute to the mitigation of greenhouse
gas emissions and support/foster sustainable development.
• A.6.8 Parties recognize the importance of integrated, holistic and balanced
non-market approaches being available to Parties to assist in the
implementation of their NDC, in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, in a coordinated and effective manner, including
through, inter alia, mitigation, adaptation, finance, technology transfer and
capacity building, as appropriate
19
Latest text from negotiations on A.6
Article 6 text Presidency version 3
A.6.2,V.03,Para 22(g)
• Each participating Party shall also include, in its biennial transparency reports submitted in accordance with decision 18/CMA.1, the following information on how each cooperative approach in which it participates…..
(g) Is consistent with the sustainable development objectives of the host Party, noting national prerogatives
A.6.4,V.03,Para 26(d)
• Each Party hosting Article 6, paragraph 4, activities (hereinafter referred to as a host Party) shall, prior to participating in the mechanism, ensure that:
(d) It has indicated publicly how its participation in the mechanism contributes to sustainable development, while acknowledging that the consideration of sustainable development is a national prerogative.
A.6.4,V.03,Para 39(a)
• The host Party shall provide to the Supervisory Body the approval of the activity prior to a request for registration. The approval shall include:
(a) Confirmation that and information on how the activity fosters sustainable development in the host Party;
20
Latest text from negotiations on A.6
Article 6 text Presidency version 3
A.6.8,V.03,Para 2 b (ii)
Each NMA facilitated under the framework, in the context of Article 6, paragraph 8: Assists participating Parties in implementing their NDCs in an integrated, holistic and balanced manner including through, inter alia:
(ii) Contribution to sustainable development and poverty eradication in participating Parties.
Linkages between the JCM and SDGs
Akibi Tsukui / Murun TemuulenResearcher, Climate and Energy area, IGES
RCC Virtual Trainings- DNA Webinar SeriesEpisode 4: Sustainable Development Assessment of Climate Actions
2021/2/24
22
Outline
• SDGs in Article 6.2 and the JCM
• Key findings from IGES analysis: “JCM contributions to SDGs”
• Case Study: Waste-to-energy project in Myanmar
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SDGs in Article 6 and JCM
• SD in Article 6 of the PA1
Parties shall, where engaging on a voluntary basis in cooperative approaches that involve the use ofinternationally transferred mitigation outcomes towards NDCs, promote sustainable development andensure environmental integrity and transparency….
• SD under the JCM2
To facilitate diffusion of leading low carbon technologies, products, systems, services, andinfrastructure as well as implement mitigation actions, and contribute to sustainabledevelopment of the partner countries.
Every project is required to conduct a local stakeholder consultation Assessing and reporting SD have been conducted in Mongolia3 and Indonesia4
SD assessment: Project participants set out SD plan to prevent any negative impacts on the environment and submit SD report to address these impacts and to identify possible contributions to SD3,4.
1. Article 6 pf the Paris Agreement, https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/English_paris_agreement.pdf2. JCM website, https://www.jcm.go.jp/about
3. SD Guideline under the JCM in Mongolia, https://www.jcm.go.jp/opt/mn-jp/rules_and_guidelines/download/JCM_MN_GL_SDCP_CR_ver01.0.pdf4. SD Guideline under the JCM in Indonesia, https://www.jcm.go.jp/opt/id-jp/rules_and_guidelines/download/JCM_ID_GL_SDIP_IR_ver01.0.pdf
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“JCM contributions to SDGs” series
IGES publication website: https://www.iges.or.jp/en/pub/list/series/4680
Second Volume -A tool for identifying the JCM project
contributions to the SDGs - Updated indicators and covered
newly registered projects
First Volume -Developed qualitative and
quantitative indicators for JCM -Analysed 57 registered projects
JCM-SDGs Best practices
- Included 8 case studies- Future work: Update
indicators and analyse new projects regularly
• Mar 2020 • Aug 2020 • Feb 2021
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Goal & Target Goal & Target Indicator for the JCM Types of Projects
3.9By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses
from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution andcontamination
Using environmentally sound technologies(EST)
RE projects, Transportation relatedprojects, and Waste to energyprojects
4.4By 2030, substantially increase the number of youth and adults
who have relevant skills, including technical and vocational skills,for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship
Hours of training that relevant stakeholdershave undertaken (unit: Hours) JCM scheme
6.3
By 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminatingdumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals andmaterials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater andsubstantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally
Engaging in sound management of waste andreducing its hazardous potential Waste to energy projects
11.6By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of
cities, including by paying special attention to air quality andmunicipal and other waste management
Reducing environmental impacts by improvingwaste management Waste to energy projects
14.1By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all
kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marinedebris and nutrient pollution
Taking responsibility for waste management tocontribute to marine pollution reduction Waste to energy projects
JCM specific indicators• 232 indicators of the SDGs by UN are macro-level• JCM projects are mainly operated by private sectors• JCM specific indicators were developed by utilising “Business Reporting on the SDGs: An Analysis of
the Goals and Targets” by Global Reporting Initiative and United Nations Global Compact Include international perspective Integrate private sector perspective Conduct an analysis in line with companies’ business activities Encourage private sector to practice the JCM as a tool to develop business strategies centred on
SDGs
Source: “JCM contributions to SDGs”, “JCM-SDGs linkage guidance”【Examples of JCM indicators】
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1. Contributions to multiple goals and targets
JCM contributes to not only energy, environmental and economic Goals but also social dimension of the SDGs
Environmental Economic
Social
Source: “JCM contributions to SDGs”, “JCM-SDGs linkage guidance”
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4.4 Technical training
7.a International cooperation to increase clean energy
9.4 Sustainable industry
13.3 Improve employees’ awareness of climate change
12.4 Responsible consumption and management of natural resource
17.3 Mobilizing private capital to support SDGs
Common SDGs that JCM contributes to: JCM contributions based on project types:
8.2 Industry innovation in developing countries
7.3 Reducing energy consumption
12.2 Recycling resources12.5 Recycling waste
7.3 Reducing energy consumption
Introducing Waste Paper Processing System into a Packaging Paper Factory
Introducing high efficiency air-jet loom in a textile factory
2. Implementing projects in different sectors
Source: “JCM contributions to SDGs”, “JCM-SDGs linkage guidance”
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3. Expanding JCM contributions to the SDGs
1. Renewable energy in irrigation system
To contribute sustainable agriculture and increase efficient water management
2. Waste water treatment
To enhance public health and sanitation; and support sustainable cities
3. Solid and plastic waste treatment
To enhance recycling waste and contribute to reduction of ocean plastics
Potential JCM projects:
4.4 Technical training
7.a International cooperation to increase clean energy
13.3 Improve employees’ awareness of climate change
12.4 Responsible consumption and management of natural resource
17.3 Mobilizing private capital to support SDGs
Common SDGs that JCM contributes to:
9.4 Sustainable industry
Source: “JCM contributions to SDGs”, “JCM-SDGs linkage guidance”
29
Designing JCM projects from SDG perspective
• Analyse JCM projects using JCM-SDGs linkage guidance
• Benefits of analysing projectsEnhance understanding of the interlinkage between JCM and SDGsDesign and plan projects from SDG perspectiveIncrease projects’ potential to contribute to your country’s SDG
achievement by encouraging private sectors to practice the JCM
• IGES has developed a video how to analyse projects by using JCMspecific indicators
• IGES has conducted case study analysis based on the JCM-SDGslinkage guidance
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Generating electricity from solid waste leads to reduce fossil fuel consumption and contributes to air pollution reduction. Treating solid waste can contribute to soil contamination reduction in the surrounding area. Therefore, the project reduces negative environmental impacts by improving waste management.
Providing technical capacity training for local engineers and employees to operate the treatment plant.
Engaging in advanced waste management and reducing hazards from solid waste can prevent ground water pollution. The project can reduce the volume of solid waste by around 90%.
The project reduces GHG emissions by replacing electricity generated by fossil fuel and avoiding methane release from the solid waste. Over 60 % of generated electricity is used by the treatment plant itself, and the rest is sold to the grid system.
Introducing highly efficient technologies in solid waste treatment leads to enhance sustainable public infrastructure development. The plant treats about 60 tons of waste per day. It has a separate recycling process which collects recyclable materials such as bottles and plastics. These activities contribute to reducing the landfill waste. Strengthening this kind of technological upgrade would help Myanmar to move towards more sustainable production.
Contributing to marine pollution reduction through appropriate solid waste management
Participating in JCM and collaborating with different stakeholders ensure diffusion of low-carbon and decarbonisation technologies and improve the partnership between the government and private sector in both countries.
Project background information:• Landfill capacity at the current treatment site is decreasing • Negative impacts on environment (human health) due to poor waste management Project overview: • Introduction of advanced solid waste treatment• Expected GHG emissions reduction: 4,067 t-CO2eq/year (average)
Myanmar: Waste-to-Energy Project
Source: JFE Engineering Corporation
Q&A session with DNA sharing of experiences
Experience Sharing⮚ Mr. Albert Magalang, the Philippines⮚ Mr. Sokhim Pich, Cambodia
ModeratorJens Radschinski Regional LeadRCC Bangkok
Q&A⮚ Mr. Perumal Arumugam, UN Climate
Change secretariat
⮚ Ms. Akibi Tsibui, Akibi Tsukui, Policy Researcher, Institute of Global Environmental Strategies
ModeratorYuqing YuDeputy DirectorIGES-BRC
Email address: [email protected] address:IGES Regional Centre604 SG Tower 6th Floor,161/1 Soi Mahadlek Luang 3;Rajdamri Road, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
Email address: [email protected] address:World Green Economy OrganizationHeadquarters, Dubai UAE
