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Equine Fencing & Building OptionsScott S. McKendrick
CoordinatorStatewide Small Acreage & Equine
Programs
Thanks toLiving on the LandDr. Pat EvansDr. Craig Burrell
What kind of fence do I want?
USU, Logan, UT
Fencing considerations
• Balance looks, functionality and economics
• Safety of animals and people• Installed or do-it-yourself • Life expectancy• Annual maintenance costs
Fencing for Small Acreages
• What are you fencing in?• What do the neighbors have over the
fence?• An old timer described a good fence as
being “horse high, bull strong and hog tight.”
• Will the animals injure themselves on the fence?
Fencing types• Type depends on:
– CC&Rs– Purpose – Soil type – Terrain– Weather– Safety– Construction costs– Availability of power– Maintenance requirements– Visual impact
Missoula Conservation District, MT
Good Fencing Bad Fencing• Visible• Not prone to cause
injury• Inhibits horse from
trying to go through or over
• Inhibits injury if horse gets caught in it
• No corners
• Not as visible• Not sturdy• Materials cause injury• Does not inhibit horse
from attempting to go through or over
• Corners
Materials
• Post and rail• Vinyl• High tensile wire• Barbed wire• Electric
• Metal• Hog wire• Horse wire• Rubber
Post and Rail• Materials
–Wood–Vinyl–Polyethylene
Post and Rail
Wood Fencing• Pros• Cons
• What is the difference between these two fences?
Post and Rail Cont.
Alleyways and Trees
Rounded Ends
Wood Fences are sturdy but require maintenance.
Wood rail or post• Cost
– $6/ft materials– $3/ft labor
• Pros– Visually appealing– Handles heavy snowfall– Can be adjusted or small
animals by adding mesh• Cons
– High maintenance– Lifetime?– Need additional fencing materials for small animals– May need hot wire for livestock
USU, Logan, UT
Post and Rail
Vinyl Fencing• Pros• Cons• Cost
Vinyl fencing is attractive.
Vinyl 3 rail or 4 rail• Cost
– $5/ft Materials– $3.50/ft labor
• Pros– Visually appealing– Low Maintenance– Last many years?
• Cons– Expensive– 3 rail may not be best
choice for horses
USU, Logan, UT
www.ncvinyl.com
Post and Rail
Polyethylene• Round Rails• Stainless steel wire
embedded below surface
• Temperature resistant• Safety• Cost
Chain link: 6 ft• Cost
– $4.50/ft materials– $2.50/ft labor
• Pros– Security– Good for small animals– Low maintenance– Long lifetime– Can get colors to blend with surroundings
• Cons– Not typically used with large animals– May not mesh with surroundings– May be regulated by CC&Rs
USU, Logan, UT
High Tensile
High-Tensile Polymer Fences
• Pros• Cons
4 to 10 Strand smooth wire• Cost
– $0.75–$1.30/ ft, depending on number of wires• Pros
– 4 to 5 strand good for horses– 10 strand will
contain all large livestock and exclude large wildlife
– Durable– Can be electrified
• Cons– Expensive– Requires routine maintenance
www.kiwifence.com
Mesh wire is a popular alternative.
Woven wire• Cost
– $1.15-$1.30 per foot• Pros
– Readily available– Good for sheep – add 1 - 2
strands of barbed wire at top for cattle
• Cons– Expensive– Requires routine
maintenance
www.farmphoto.com
www.farmphoto.com
Poultry netting• Cost
– 1 inch round holes, 48 inch high 150 ft rolls-$54.99
• Pros– Inexpensive– Lightweight– Can be used with existing fences – Good for small animals– Good for small wildlife exclusion
• Cons– Low strength – will stretch and/or collapse by itself– Not effective for large animals or livestock– Needs frequent monitoring and maintenance
USU, Logan, UT
Horse Woven Wire
Hog Wire
• Pros• Cons
Wire Mesh• Diamond Mesh• Square Knot
Mesh
Electric fence• Cost
– $1.50/ft materials– $2.50/ft labor
• Pros– Portable– Inexpensive– Versatile– Can make an existing
fence more effective• Cons
– Difficult to see– Dangerous to people (children) and wildlife– Maintenance?
USU, Logan, UT
www.agry.purdue.edu/ext
Electric ribbon• Cost
– Vinyl post $4.59 – 1½ inch ribbon $.15/ft– T-posts 6’ $2.50– Insulators $.15 each
• Pros– Versatile– Easy to install and modify– Can be used to make existing
fence more effective– Easier to see than other types
of electric fencing
• Cons– Cost and availability of
electricity or solar source– Maintenance– Not a good choice for a
permanent fenceUSU, Logan, UT
New Zealand electric fencing• Cost
– 5 wire fence $0.30 to $0.60/linear ft
• Pros– Versatile– Eliminates grounding out
on foliage– Reduces fire danger
• Cons– Powerful shock produced
UCES
Electric
• Many types• Need charger
Electric fencing - temporary• Cost
– Variable• Pros
– Great for interior fencing– Portable - reels– Inexpensive
• Cons– Can be difficult to see - color
variations ease this problem– Can be dangerous
www.agry.purdue.edu/ext
Electric Fences are good for temporary situations and for
dividing pastures
Prefabricated panels• Metal 2 inch round tubing panels
– 12 feet $52.91– Gates approximately $70.00
• Cattle and hog panels– 16 feet $13.99
• Pros– Durable and strong– Good for large livestock– Panels allow for different configurations– Low maintenance
• Cons– Expensive– Less visually appealing– Not good for small animals
USU, Logan, UT
Bracing
Steel fencing is durable.
Metal Fencing
• Contours with land• Pros• Cons
Barb wire is dangerous for horses.
Barbed Wire
• Not horse fencing!!• Use electric line to
keep off• Visibility?
Barbed wire – 4 strand• Cost
– $1.50/ft materials– $2.50/ft labor
• Pros– Low cost– Easy to install– Fairly low maintenance
• Cons– Dangerous to people, livestock
and wildlife – Not suitable for horses– Not useful for small animals– Can be damaged by large wildlife
USU, Logan, UT
www.agry.purdue.edu/ext
Rubber Fencing
• Made from belting or rubber strips from old tires and conveyor belts
• Generally is not used much anymore• Sags• Loose fibers have caused colic
Jackleg
NRCS, Bozeman, MT
• Cost– $2.50/ft
• Pros– Good in areas where it is hard to dig or
drive posts– Visually appealing– Durable– Handles heavy snowfall– Can be adapted to marshy or wet
areas– Low maintenance
• Cons– High labor and materials costs during
construction– UV stability?
Privacy wood • Cost
– $10/ft materials– $5/ft labor
• Pros– Can be visually appealing– Good for small animals– Provides visual block
• Cons– Not typically used for large animals– Expensive– High maintenance– Often short lifetime
USU, Logan, UT
What kind of shelter do I want for my
animals?
What kind of shelter do my animals
need?
Considerations for shelter
• Provide adequate shelter - adequate for local weather conditions – summer – winter
• Durability• Maintenance costs • Visually appealing• COSTS
Shelter:
• Can be simple or elaborate
• Costs vary widely
USU, Logan, UT
USU, Logan, UT
Motel 7
The Ritz
Pole structures• Cost
– Relatively low$8 to 15/ft2
• Pros– Low cost– Easy to install
and maintain– Easy to clean
• Cons– Basic shelter – Consider placement – Less protection
than a barn – Noise
USU, Logan, UT
USU, Logan, UT
Metal buildings• Cost
– $15 to 30/ft2– Concrete floor may be 40% of cost
• Pros– Built on-site– Versatile– Low maintenance– Moderate cost– More protection than pole structures
• Cons– Not as visually pleasing– May not mesh with surroundings– Summer heat may be a problem– Concrete floor – is this good for hooves? USU, Logan, UT
Specialized structures – barns, etc.
NRCS, Bozeman, MT
• Cost– $35 to $50/ft2
• Pros– Convenience– Visual appealing– Designed specifically to meet needs – Can be built to mesh with existing structures and landscape– Increase in property value
• Cons– Expensive– Constant upkeep– Cannot be moved– Resale can be limited
USU, Logan, UT
Ventilation
• Why is it important?• What builds up without proper ventilation?• What kinds of climate is ventilation very
important?
Types of Ventilation
• Windows• Doors• High ceiling• High pitch roof• Dormers, cupolas,
vents at highest part
Ventilation Considerations• Winter • Spring and summer• Ventilation properties of
--cold air vs. warm air
Natural Ventilation System: Cold Barn
Natural Ventilation System: Warm Barn
Warm Barn, Fan Ventilated
• Fully insulated
• Exhaust fans
Steps for good ventilation
• Air exchange• Air distribution • Changes of air
Improving Air Quality
• Hay–Quality–Storage
• Inlet/vents• Outlets• Ultraviolet light
Food for thought
• Unnatural environment • Horses do not mind the cold• Give as much turn out as possible• Horses need movement• Blanket rather than heat barn