EQUITY | EFFICIENCY | RESILIENCERealizing the Energy Future We Want

for Asia and the Pacific

Post-2015 Sustainable Development Agenda

EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE

Asia and the Pacific

628 million people in Asia and the Pacific lack

access to electricity.

EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE

Singapore

China

Brunei Darussalam

Malaysia

Vietnam

Iran, IR

Thailand

Sri Lanka

Philippines

Nepal

Mongolia

India

Indonesia

Pakistan

Lao PDR

Bangladesh

Myanmar

Afghanistan

Timor-Leste

Cambodia

Korea, DPR

Rural and Urban Electrifica-tion Rates, 2010

Rural electrification rate %

Urban electrification rate %

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0 Access to Electricity and Human Devel-opment, 2010

Access to Electricity (% of Population)

Hu

ma

n D

ev

elo

pm

en

t In

de

x 2

01

0

EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE

y = 0.24 + 0.04x R2 = 0.71

1.8 billion people in Asia and the Pacific still use traditional biomass.

1.3 million people in Asia and the Pacific are estimated to die each year from indoor air pollution.

EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE

Viet NamVanuatu

UzbekistanTurkmenistan

TongaThailand

TajikistanSri Lanka

Solomon IslandsRussian Federation

PhilippinesPakistan

NepalMyanmarMongolia

Marshall IslandsMalaysiaLao PDR

KyrgyzstanKazakhstan

IndonesiaIndia

GeorgiaChina

BhutanBangladeshAzerbaijan

ArmeniaAfghanistan

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

RURAL

LPG Natural gas Biogas Kerosene Coal%

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

URBAN

Electricity Charcoal Wood Dung Cropwaste Other %

EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCECooking Fuels

SOLID FUELS CLEANER FUELS

EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Global Regional Primary Energy In-tensity

Asia-PacificAsia-Pacific developing economiesAsia-Pacific developed economiesAfricaLatin America and Carib.North America

Kg

of

oil

eq

uiv

alen

t p

er 1

,000

do

llar

s G

DP

(20

05 P

PP

)

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20090

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Global Regional Carbon Intensity

Gra

ms

per

1 d

oll

ar G

DP

(20

05 P

PP

)

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 13

3.5

4

4.5

5

5.5

6

Viet NamTurkey

Thailand

Tajikistan

Sri Lanka

Singapore

Russian Federation

Korea, Rep.

Philippines

Pakistan

New Zealand

Nepal

Mongolia

Malaysia

Kyrgyzstan

Kazakhstan

Japan

Iran, IR

IndonesiaIndia

Hong Kong, China

Georgia

China

Cambodia

Brunei Darussalam

Bangladesh

Azerbaijan

Australia

Armenia

Energy Efficiency and Global Competitiveness, 2010

Energy Efficiency Factor

Glo

ba

l C

om

pe

titi

ve

ne

ss

In

de

x,

1-7

y = 3.12 + 1.87xR²=0.54

EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE

EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCEB

rune

i Dar

ussa

lam

Aze

rbai

jan

Mon

golia

Aus

tral

iaT

urkm

enis

tan

Kaz

akhs

tan

Rus

sian

Fed

.In

done

sia

Iran

, IR

Mya

nmar

Pap

ua N

ew G

uine

aB

huta

nU

zbek

ista

nM

alay

sia

DP

R K

orea

Vie

t N

amLa

o P

DR

New

Zea

land

Chi

naN

epal

Ban

glad

esh

Pak

ista

nIn

dia

Cam

bodi

aT

ajik

ista

nT

haila

ndP

hilip

pine

sS

ri La

nka

Sol

omon

Isl

ands

Kiri

bati

Geo

rgia

Sam

oaK

yrgy

zsta

nV

anua

tuA

rmen

ia Fiji

Tur

key

Japa

nK

orea

, R

ep.

Mic

rone

sia,

FS

Niu

eC

ook

Isla

nds

Sin

gapo

reT

onga

Hon

g K

ong,

Chi

naP

alau

Mar

shal

l Isl

ands

Nau

ru

-100%

0%

100%

200%

300%

400%

500%%

Ab

ove

or

bel

ow

sel

f su

ffic

ien

cy

Energy Self-Sufficiency in Asia and the Pacific

EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCESelected Asia-Pacific Multilateral Cross-

Border Power Interconnections

SAARC Market for Electricity (part of SAARC Energy Ring)

CASA 1000

GMS Power Market

ASEAN Power Grid

Asia-Pacific Renewable Energy Resources

Asian Energy Highway

North-South18%

North-North70%

South-South9%

South-North3%

Global Cross Border New Investment in Clean Energy,

2011

Public Funds13%

Pri-vate

Funds87%

Transmission 948

Distribution 2,899

Non-Renewable 2,049

Renewable 2,728

Needed Investment in Electricity-Supply Infrastructure in the New Policies Scenario, 2012-2035 ($2011 billion)

$8,624 (billion)

CoalGas Oil

Nuclea

r

Win

d

Hydro

Solar P

V

Bioen

ergy

Other

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200 1,062

411

19

557

968

793

582

241144

Needed Investment in Power Plant Infrastructure, 2012-2035 ($2011 billion)

Power Plant Infrastructure

4,777

$44.3 billion

EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE