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ErgonomicsErgo – WorkNomos – Low
Interaction man– work/environment
Physical, psychological och organizational conditions
Ewa Gustafsson Occupational and Environmental Medicin, Göteborg
Physical ergonomics Temperature
Lighting
Sound level
Postures/Movements
Manual handling
InteractionHuman– task/tool
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Why ergonomics?
Optimize healthAvoid illhealth/disorders
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Why do we get pain?
We use the body in a way it is not built or trained for
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Work demands and level of tolerance
LoadNegative eller positive?
(Winkel, 1989)
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Laboratory workers
High prevalence of complaints (pipette use)
Neck, shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist, thumb
Tendon, nerve, muscle, vascular cirkulation, joint, bursa
Tiredness, tingling/numbness, burning sensation, aching
Why?Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Risk factors Non-neutral postures
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Risk factors Non-neutral postures
Work with hands above shoulders
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Risk factors Non-neutral postures Work with hands above shoulders Static work
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Static work
Dynamic
work
Risk factors Non-neutral postures Work with hands above shoulders Static work Repetitive monotonous tasks Prolonged sitting Prolonged working operations
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Risk factors cont
Precision work High force Poor lighting, glare Stress Too high/Too low working demands Low control Lack of social support
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
How to work? Neutral positions Elbows closed to the body Vary working operations/postures Avoid prolonged sitting Take short pauses frequently
VariationEwa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Neck/shoulder
Neutral upright neck position
Elbows closed to the body
Support the arms
Lower the shoulders
Vary sitting/standing
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
?
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Shoulders Elbows closed to the body The hands in front of you
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Elbow/Forearm/Wrist
Neutral wrist
Do not grip unnecessary hard
Support the arm
Do not rotate the forearm outwards
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Do notrotate the forearm outwards
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
The thumb
Neutral positions Minimize the force
Do not work too fast
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
How do you grip and push?
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Optimal working height?
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Sit or stand?
Computer use• Place of screen, keyboard, mouse
• Support the forearms
• Variation - sitting/standing - pauses - movements
• Lighting, reflexes, glare • Free space for the legs
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
How to sit?
Use of a microscope
Neutral back and neck – A slope on the seat of the chair
Elbows closed to the body
Support the arms
Lower the shoulders
The microscope close to the edge of the table
Frequently rest the eyes– Fix the eyes at a long distance
Adjust the chair– Standing up?
Frequently take short pauses
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
Work in a fume hood Adjust the chair – Standing up?
Free space for the legs
Support the arms
Equipment/material close to you
Low bottles, lab tubes, beakers
Lighting (enough? reflexes/glare?)
Take short pauses frequently
Pipetting Neutral wrist
Short pipettes and tips
Low force to plunge and eject tip
Equipment/material close to you
Low bottles, lab tubes, beakers
Adjust the chair– Standing up?
Close to the edge of the working bench
Elbows closed to the body
Support the arm?
Frequently take short pauses
Listen to the signals from your body
Ewa Gustafsson Arbets- och miljömedicin, Göteborg
It is great to move!