· ern North Pacific, central North Pacific and North Indian Oceans. The Annual Typhoon Report is prepared by the staff of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC). JTWC is a combined

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Indian Ocean Area (Malay Peninsula to Africa) Pacific Area (Dateline to Malay Peninsula)

AREA OF RESPONSIBILITY - JOINT TYPHOON WARNING CENTER,GUAM.

U. S. FLEET WEATHER CENTRALJOINT TYPHOON WARNING CENTER

COMNAVMARIANAS BOX 17

FPO SAN FRANCKCO 96630

DEAN R. MORFORDCaptain, United States Navy

COMMANDING

JAMES K. LAVINLieutenant Colonel, United States Air Force

DIRECTOR, JOINT TYPHOON WARNING CENTER

STAFF

LCDR David Sokol, USNLCDR Carl B. Ihli, Jr., USNLT Gary R. Willms, USN

*LT George T. McKaige, USN*CAPT Frederick P. Milwer, USAFCAPT Alan W. Hassebrock, USAFCAPT Charles P. Guard, USAFCAPT”John D. Shewchuk, USAFENS Edward M. Fukada, USNRMSGT Hans J. Hassl, USAF*SSGT Ellis D. Spencer, USAFSSGT ‘Bobby L. Setliff, USAF

*AG2 Greg P. Metzger, USN*AG2 Robert L. Hem, Jr. , USN*AG2 Susan J. Funk, USNAG2 Andree S. Webster, USNSGT Paul D. Edwards, USAF

*AG3 Deirdre A. Wexler, USN*SRA Craig A. Anderson, USAFSRA Vandora A. Ba’rnes,USAFAGAN Kenneth A. Kellogg, USNAGAN John A. Kilburn, USNAGAN Karen F. Moorefield, USNMs. Marcelina L. G. Aguon, Secretary

CONTRIBUTOR

Det 1, lWW - USAF

1977ANNUAL TYPHOON REPORT

*Departed during 1977 season

FRONTCOVER:

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ii

Tropical cyclones have always been a men-ace to both milita~y and civilian activitiesin tropical and subtropical oceanic regions.During recent times, much effort has been fun-neled toward more accurate tropical cycloneforecasts and toward more efficient operation-al responses to those forecasts. A large por-tion of this effort is based on studies which,if meaningful, must be based on accuratelydocumented data. The Annual Typhoon Reportrevresents such documentation. he body ofthis report is a summary of the tropical cy-clones that occurred during 1977 in the west-ern North Pacific, central North Pacific andNorth Indian Oceans.

The Annual Typhoon Report is prepared bythe staff of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center(JTWC). JTWC is a combined USAF/USN entityoperating under the command of Fleet WeatherCentral, Guam. The senior Air Force officerassigned is designated as Director, JTWC andis responsible to the Commanding Officer,Fleet Weather Central, Guam for the operationof the JTWC. The senior Naval officer of theJTWC is designated as the Deputy Director/Op-erations Officer. JTWC was established byCINCPACFLT message 280208Z April 1959 whendirected by CINCPAC message Z30233Z April1959. Its operation is guided by the CINCPACINST 3140.1 (series).

The Fleet Weather Central/Joint TyphoonWarning Center, Guam has the responsibilityto:

1. Provide continuous meteorologi-cal watch of all tropical activity north ofthe equator, west of the Date Line, and eastof the African coast (JTWC area of responsi-bility) for potential tropical cyclone devel-opment;

2. Provide warnings for all tropi-cal cyclones in the assigned area of responsi-bility;

3. Determine tropical cyclone re-connaissance requirements and assign priori-ties;

4. Conduct an annual post analysisof all tropical cyclones occurring within thearea north of the equator from 140W west tothe coast of Africa and prepare an Annual Ty-phoon Report for issuance to interested agen-cies; and

5. Conduct tropical cyclone fore-casting and detection research as practicable.

In the event of incapacitation of theJTWC, the alternate (AJTWC) assumes the re-sponsibility for the issuance of warnings.In early November, 1977, Fleet Weather Cen-tral, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii was designated asthe AJTWC. Assistance in determining tropi-cal cyclone reconnaissance requirements andin obtaining reconnaissance data is providedby Detachment 4, 1st Weather Wing, Hickam AFB,Hawaii. Previously, the AJTWC designate wasDetachment 17, 30WS, Yokota AB, Japan, withassistance from the Naval Weather ServiceFacility, Yokosuka, Japan.

The Central Pacific Hurricane Center,(CPHC) Honolulu, Hawaii is manned by membersof the U. S. National Weather Service whoare responsible for the issuance of tropicalcyclone warnings for the area north of theequator from the Date Line east to 140W.Warnings are issued in coordination with theFleet Weather Central, Pearl Harbor and De-tachment 4, lWW, Hickam AFB, Hawaii. Postanalysis information is forwarded to theJTWC for inclusion in the Annual TyphoonReport.

The meteorological services of theUnited States are planning to implement themetric system of measurement over the nextfew years. Some civilian and military agen-cies have started the education program byshowing the metric equivalents to currentunits of measure. This Annual Typhoon Reportincludes metric equivalents to most measures.

Unless otherwise stated all satellitedata used in this ATR is Air Force WeatherService DMSP Data as acquired by OL-C, 27CSpersonnel and analyzed by Det 1, lWW person-nel colocated with JTWC at Nimitz Hill, Guam.

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I

CHAPTER II

CHAPTER III

CHAPTER IV

CHAPTER V

OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES1. General---------------------------------------------------2. Data Sources----------------------------------------------3. Analyses --------------------------------------------------4. Forecast Aids ---------------------------------------------5. Forecasting Procedures------------------------------------6. Warnings--------------------------------------------------7. Prognostic Reasoning Message------------------------------

Significant Tropical Weather Advisory----------------------:: Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert--------------------------

RECONNAISSANCE AND COMMUNICATIONS1. General---------------------------------------------------2. Reconnaissance--------------------------------------------

Aircraft Reconnaissance Evaluation Criteria---------------:: Aircraft Reconnaissance Summary---------------- -----------

Satellite Reconnaissance Summary--------------------------:: Radar Reconnaissance Summary------------------------------7. Communications--------------------------------------------

RESEARCH SUMMARY

23.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.9.10.

General---------------------------------------------------Operational Application of a Tropical CycloneRecurvature/Non-Recurvature Study Based on 200 MBWind Fields-----------------------------------------------Tropical Cyclone Center Fix Data for the 1976 StormSeason----------------------------------------------------Evaluation of the Dvorak IR Technique for Use WithDMSP Data-------------------------------------------------A Climatology of Tropical Cyclones for the Period1971-1976-------------------------------------------------Relationships Between the Temporal Variation ofEquivalent Potential Temperature and TropicalCyclone Intensity-----------------------------------------Transitioning of Tropical Cyclones to ExtratropicalCyclones--------------------------------------------------Future Aircraft Reconnaissance Storm Tracks---------------Tropical Chart Series for September 1975------------------Tropical Weather Study Guide------------------------------

SUMMARY OF TROPICAL CYCLONES1. Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones-------------------

Individual Typhoons

p:se p~aeTyphoon Sarah------- Typhoon Ivy---------Typhoon Thelma------ 21 Typhoon Jean--------Typhoon Vera-------- 23 Typhoon Kim--------- :;Typhoon Babe-------- 27 Typhoon Lucy-------- 45Typhoon Dinah------- 30 Typhoon Mary-------- 48Typhoon Gilda------- 33

2. North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones----------------------

Individual Cyclone

p;~eTC 22-77------------

3. Central North Pacific Tropical Cyclones-------------------

SUMMARY OF FORECAST VERIFICATION DATA1. Annual Forecast Verification------------------------------2. Comparison of Obiective Techniques------------------------3. Evacuation of th~ Tropical Cycione Model (TCM)------------4. Pacific Area Tropical Storm and Depression Data-----------

Pacific Area Typhoon Data---------------------------------:: Indian Ocean Area Cyclone Data----------------------------

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iv

CHAPTER VI TROPICAL CYCLONE CENTER FIX DATA1.

p~~eIntroduction----------------------------------------------

2. Format---------------------------------------------------- 80Western North Pacific Fix Data----------------------------

:: North Indian Ocean Fix Data------------------------------- 1::

APPENDIX CONTRACTIONS AND DEFINITIONS1. Contractions----------------------------------------------2.

121Definitions----------------------------------------------- 122

DISTRIBUTION 123

v

CHAPTER I - OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES

1. GENERAL

Routine services provided by the JointTyphoon Warning Center (JTWC) include thefollowing: (1) Significant Tropical WeatherAdvisories issued daily describing all trop-ical disturbances and their potential forfurther development; (2) Tropical CycloneFormation Alerts issued whenever interpre-tation of satellite and synoptic data indi-cates likely formation of a significant trop-ical cyclone; (3) Tropical Cyclone Warningsissued four times daily whenever a significanttropical cyclone exists in the Pacific area;(4) Tropical Cyclone Warnings issued twicedaily whenever a significant tropical cycloneexists in the Indian Ocean area; and (5)Prognostic Reasoning messages issued twicedaily for tropical storms and typhoons in thePacific area.

JTWC responds to changing requirements ofactivities serviced. Therefore, contents ofroutine services are subject to change fromyear to year usually as a result of the AnnualTropical Cyclone Conference deliberations.

2. DATA SOURCES

a. COMPUTER PRODUCTS:

FLEWEACEN Guam provides computerizedmeteorological/oceanographic products forJTWC . In addition, the standard array ofsynoptic-scale computer analyses and prog-nostic charts are available from the FleetNumerical Weather Central (FNWC) at Monterey,California via FLEWEACEN Guam.

b. CONVENTIONAL DATA:

Conventional meteorological data aredefined as surface and upper air observationsfrom island, ship and land stations plusweather observations from commercial and mil-itary aircraft (AIREPS). Computer plottedcharts of 0000Z and 1200Z conventional dataare produced daily for the surface, 850 mb,700 mb, and 500 mb levels. A chart of upperair data is produced which utilizes 200 mbrawinsonde data and AIREPS above 29,000 ftwithin 6 hours of the 0000Z and 1200Z synoptictimes. The surface/gradient, 500 mb and 200mb level charts are hand plotted over impor-tant tropical/subtropical regions during thetropical cyclone season to complement computeraids and insure all available data are used.

c. AIRCRAFT RECONNAISSANCE:

Aircraft weather reconnaissance dataare invaluable in the positioning of centersof developing systems and essential for theaccurate determination of the eye/center, max-imum intensity, minimum sea-level pressure,and radius of significant winds exhibited bytropical cyclones. These data are plotted onlarge-scale sectional charts for each missionflown. A comprehensive discussion of aircraftweather reconnaissance is presented in ChapterII.

d. SATELLITE RECONNAISSANCE:

Meteorological satellite data fromthe Defense Meteorological Satellite Program(DMSP) and the National Oceanic and Atmo-spheric Administration played a major role inthe early detection and tracking of tropicalcyclones in 1977. A discussion of this role,as well as aDulications of satellite data totropical cycibne analysis and forecasting,presented in Chapter II.

e. RADAR RECONNAISSANCE:

During 1977, as in recent years,land radar coverage was utilized extensivewhen available. Once a storm moved withinrange of a l“andradar site, reports wereusually received hourly. Use of radar dur:1977 is discussed in Chapter II.

3. ANALYSIS

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A composite surface/gradient level (3000ft) manual analysis is accomplished on the0000Z and 1200Z conventional data. Analysisof the wind field using streamlines isstressed for tropical and subtropical regions.Analysis of the pressure field is stressed forhigher latitudes and vicinity of intense trop-ical systems.

Manual analysis of the S00 mb level isaccomplished on the 0000Z and 1200Z data whensignificant tropical cyclones exist. Althoughthe analysis of the 500 mb height field isstressed, analysis of the wind field to moreclearly delineate steering currents is equallyimportant.

A composite upper-tropospheric, manualanalysis, utilizing rawinsonde data from 300mb through 100 mb, wind directions extractedfrom satellite data by Det 1, lWW and AIREPS(plus or minus 6 hours) at or above 29,000feet is accomplished on 0000Z and 1200Z datadaily. Wind and height data are used toarrive at a representative analysis of trop-ical cyclone outflow patterns, of steeringcurrents, and of areas that may indicate trop-ical cyclone intensity change.

Additional sectional charts at interme-diate synoptic times and auxiliary chartssuch as checkerboard diagrams and pressurechange charts are also analyzed during periodsof significant tropical cyclone activity.

4. FO”RECAST AIDS

a. CLIMATOLOGY:

Climatological publications utilizedduring the 1977 typhoon season include pre-vious JTWC Annual Typhoon Reports and climaticpublications from Fleet Weather Central, Guam,Director Naval Oceanography and Meteorology,Naval Weather Research Facility, Naval Envi-ronmental Prediction Research Facility, NavalPostgraduate School, Air Weather Service,First Weather Wing and Chanute Technical

Training Center, plus publications from otherAir Force and Navy activities, various univer-sities and foreign countries.

b. OBJECTIVE TECHNIQUES:

The following objective techniqueswere employed in tropical cyclone forecastingduring 1977. A description and an evaluationof these techniques is presented in Chapter V:

(11 TYFN75~2j MOHATT 700/500(3) FCSTINT(4) 12-HR EXTRAPOLATION(5) HPAC(6) TROPICAL CYCLONE MODEL(7) INJAH74

5. FORECASTING PROCEDURES

a. INITIALIZATION:

In the preparation of each warning,the actual surface location (fix) of the trop-ical cyclone eye/center just prior to (withinthree hours of) warning time is of prime im-portance. JTWC uses the Selective Reconnais-sance Program (SRP) to levy an optimum mix ofaircraft, satellite and radar resources toobtain fix information. When tropical cy-clones are either poorly defined or the actualsurface location can not be determined but anupper level position is available, or whenconflicting fix information is received, the“best estimate” of the surface location issubjectively determined from the analysis ofall available data. If fix data is not avail-able due to reconnaissance platform malfunc-tions or communication problems, synopticdata or extrapolation from previous fixes isused. The initial forecast (warning time)position is then obtained by extrapolationusing the current fix and a “best track” ofthe cyclone movement to date.

b. TRACK FORECASTING:

An initial forecast track is devel-oped based on persistence, climatology andobjective techniques. This initial track issubjectively modified based on the following:

(1) The prospects for recurvatureare evaluated for all westward and northwardmoving storms. This evaluation is based pri-marily on present and forecast position andamplitude of middle tropospheric mid-latitudetroughs from the latest 500 mb analysis andnumerical prognoses.

(2) Determination of steering levelis partly influenced by maturity and verticalextent of the system. For mature storms lo-cated south of the 500 mb subtropical ridge,forecast changes in speed of movement areclosely correlated with forecast changes inthe intensity of the ridge. When steeringcurrents are very weak, the tendency for~torms to move northward due to their internalforces is an important consideration.

(3) Over the 12- to 72-hr forecastspectrum, speed of movement during the earlytime frame is biased toward persistence (12 hrextrapolation] while that near the end of thetime frame is biased towaTds objective tech-niques and climatology.

(4) A final check is made againstclimatology to ascertain the likelihood ofthe forecast track. If the forecast deviatesgreatly from climatology, the forecast ration-ale is reappraised and the track adjusted asnecessary.

c. INTENSITY FORECASTING:

In forecasting intensity, heavy re-liance is placed on aircraft reconnaissancereports, the Dvorak satellite interpretationmodel, and the objective techniques. Addi-tional considerations are the position andintensity of the tropical upper-tropospherictrough, extent and intensity of upper-leveloutflow, sea surface temperature, terraininfluences, speed of movement, and proximityto an extratropical environment.

6. WARNINGS

Tropical cyclone warnings are numberedsequentially. If warnings are discontinuedand the storm reintensifies, warnings arenumbered consecutively from the last warningissued. Amended or corrected warnings aregiven the same number as the warnings theymodify plus a sequential alphabetical desig-nator. Each warning includes the initialwarning time eye/center position, intensity,and the radial extent of 30, 50 and 100 ktsurface winds (when applicable); the latestfix position used; the 12 hr forecast direc-tion and speed of movement; and, forecastinformation. Warnings within the JTWC PacificArea are issued within two hours of OOOOZ,0600z, 1200Z and 1800Z with the constraintthat two consecutive warnings may not be moTethan seven hours apart. This variable warningtime allows for maximum use of all availablereconnaissance platforms and spreads the work-load in multiple storm situations. The fore-cast intervals for all tropical cyclones,regardless of intensity, are 12-, 24-, 48-and 72-hr.

Warnings in the JTWC Indian Ocean areaare issued within two hours of 0800Z and 20002with the constraint that two consecutive warn-ings may not be more than fourteen hours apart.Warnings for this area are issued only after atropical cyclone has attained an intensity of34 kt or greater. Forecast intervals are 24and 48 hours.

Warning forecast positions are verifiedagainst the corresponding post analysis “besttrack” positions. A summary of the verifi-cation results for 1977 is presented inChapter V.

7. PROGNOSTIC REASONING MESSAGE

In the Pacific Area, prognostic reasoningmessages are transmitted based on the 00002and 1200Z warnings or whenever the previousreasoning is no longer valid. This plainlanguage message is intended to provide fieldmeteorologists with the reasoning behind thelatest JTWC forecast. Prognostic reasoningmessages are not prepared for tropical depres-sions nor for the Indian Ocean area.

This season JTWC began including confi-dence statements for the 24 hr forecasts. Asummary of the verification results is pre-sented in Chapter V.

2

Prognostic reasoning information appli-cable to all customers is provided in theremarks section of warnings when significantchanges are made or when deemed appropriateby the typhoon duty officer.

8. SIGNIFICANT TROPICAL WEATHER ADVISORY

This plain language message, summarizingsignificant weather in the entire JTWC area ofresponsibility, is issued by 06002 daily. Itcontains a detailed, non-technical descriptionof all significant tropical disturbances and

the JTWC evaluation of potential for signifi-cant tropical cyclone development within the24 hr forecast period.

9. TROPICAL CYCLONE FORMATION ALERT

Alerts are issued whenever interpretationof satellite and other meteorological dataindicates significant tropical cyclone forma-tion is likely. These alerts will specify avalid period not to exceed 24 hours and musteither be cancelled, reissued or supersededby a warning prior to expiration of the validperiod.

.

CHAPTER II - RECONNAISSANCE & COMMUNICATIONS

1. GENERAL

The Joint Typhoon Warning Center dependson reconnaissance to provide necessary, accu-rate and timely meteorological information insupport of each warning. The JTWC reliesprimarily on three sources of reconnaissance:aircraft, satellite and radar. Optimum utili-zation of all available reconnaissance assetsis obtained through use of the SelectiveReconnaissance Program (SRP) whereby variousfactors are considered in selecting a specificreconnaissance platform for each warning.Factors include: the cyclone’s location andintensity, reconnaissance platform availabil-ity, current operations, limitation of recon-naissance assets, and the cyclone’s threat tolife/property. A listing of reconnaissancefixes used this season can be found in ChapterVI. Timely receipt of reconnaissance data isextremely important to the typhoon warningservice. Similarly, a warning is uselessunless it can be received by customers in atimely fashion. Therefore, efficient commu-nications into and out of JTWC is invaluable.

2. RECONNAISSANCE

a. AIRCRAFT:

Aircraft weather reconnaissance isperformed in the JTWC area of responsibilityby the 54th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron(54 WRS). The squadron, presently equippedwith six WC-130 aircraft, is located at Ander-sen Air Force Base, Guam. From July throughOctober, augmentation by the 53rd WeatherReconnaissance Squadron at Keesler Air ForceBase, Mississippi brings the total number ofavailable aircraft to nine. The JTWC recon-naissance requirements are provided dailythroughout the year to the Tropical CycloneAircraft Reconnaissance Coordinator (TCARC).These requirements include area(s) to beinvestigated,tropical cyclone(s) to be fixed,fix times, and forecast position of fix. Inaccordance with CINCPACINST 3140.lM, “Usageof reconnaissance assets in acquiring meteoro-logical data from aircraft, satellites andland-based radar shall be at the discretionof FLEWEACEN/JTWC Guam based on the followingpriorities:

(1) Alert flights and vortex orcenter fixes as required for issuance of trop-ical cyclone warnings in the Pacific area ofresponsibility;

(2) Center or vortex fixes asrequired for issuance of tropical cyclonewarnings in the Indian Ocean area of respon-sibility;

(3) Supplementary fixes; and

(4) Synoptic data acquisition”.

As in previous years, aircraft reconnais-sance provided direct measurements of height,temperature, flight level winds, sea levelpressure, estimated surface winds (when ob-servable) and numerous additional parameters.

The meteorological data is gathered by theAerial Weather Reconnaissance Officers anddropsonde operators of Detachment 4, Hq AWSwho crew with the 54th. These data providethe Typhoon Duty Officer indications ofchanging cyclone characteristics, radius ofcyclone associated winds and position andintensity determinations. Another importantaspect of this data is its availability forresearch in tropical cyclone analysis andforecasting. Aircraft reconnaissance willbecome even more important in years to comewhen high-resolution tropical cyclone dynamicsteering programs will require a dense inputof wind and temperature data.

b. SATELLITE

Satellite fixes from USAF groundsites and USN ships provide day and nightcoverage in the JTWC area of responsibility.Interpretation of this satellite imagery pro-vides cyclone positions, and for daytimepasses estimates of storm intensities arealso made through the Dvorak technique.

Detachment 1, 1st Weather Wing onGuam is the primary fix site for the westernNorth Pacific. Both DMSP and NOM data arereceived and processed. DMSP fix positionsreceived at JTW’Cfxom the Air Force GlobalWeather Central (AFGWC), Offutt Air ForceBase, Nebraska were the major source of satel-lite data for the Indian Ocean. NOAA satel-lite fixes were also received from FleetWeather Facility [FLEWEAFAC), Suitland, Nary-land for the western Pacific and Indian Oceanareas. GOES fixes were also provided by theNational Environmental Satellite Service,Honolulu, Hawaii for the storms near thedateline.

c. RADAR

Land radar also provides very use-ful positioning data on well developed cy-clones when in proximity (usually within 175nm of the radar site) of the Republic of thePhilippines, the Republic of China, HongKong, Japan (including the Ryukyu Islands),the Republic of Korea, and Guam.

3. AIRCRAFT RECONNAISSANCE EVALUATIONCRITERIA

The following criteria are used to evalu-ate reconnaissance support to JTWC.

a. Six-hour fixes - To be counted asmade on time, a fix must satisfy the followingcriteria:

(1) Fix must be made not earlierthan 1 hr before, nor later than 1/2 hr afterscheduled fix time.

(2) Aircraft in area requested byscheduled fix time, but unable to locatecenter due to:

(a) Cyclone dissipation; or

4

(b) Rapid acceleration of thecyclone away from the forecast position.

(3) If penetration not possibledue to geographic or other flight restric-tions, aircraft radar fixes are acceptable.

b. Levied 6-hr fixes made outside theabove limits are evaluated as follows:

(1) Early-fix is made within theinterval from 3 hr to 1 hr prior to scheduledfix times. However, no credit will be givenfor early fixes made within 3 hr of theprevious fix.

(2) Late-fix is made within theinterval from 1/2 hr to 3 hr after scheduledfix time.

c. When 3 hr fixes are levied, theymust satisfy the same time criteria discussedabove in order to be classified as made ontime. Three-hour fixes made that do not meetthe above criteria are classified as follows:

(1) Early-fix is made within theinterval from 1 1/2 hr to 1 hr prior toschedule fix time.

(2) Late-fix is made within theinterval from 1/2 hr to 1 1/2 hr after sched-ule fix time.

d. Fixes not meeting the above criteriaare scored as missed.

e. F-ixeslevied as “resources permit-ting” are not evaluated.

f, Investigatives - to be counted asmade on time, investigatives must satisfy thefollowing criteria:

(1) The aircraft must be within250 nm of the specified point by the sched-uled time.

(2) The specified flight level andtrack must be flown,

[3) Reconnaissance observationsare required every half-hour in accordancewith AWSM 105-1. Turn and mid-point windsshall be reported on each full observationwithin 250 nm of the levied point.

(4) Observations are required inall quadrants unless a concentrated investi-gation in one or more quadrants has beenspecified.

(5) Aircraft must contact JTWCbefore leaving area of concern.

Investigatives not meeting the timecrite~ia of paragraph f, will be classifiedas follows:

(1) Late-aircraft is within 250 nmof the specified point after the scheduledtime, but prior to the scheduled time plus 2hr.

(2) Missed-aircraft fails to bewithin 2S0 nm of the specified point by thescheduled time plus 2 hr.

4. AIRCRAFT RECONNAISSANCE SUMMARY

During the 1977 tropical cyclone season,199 six-hourly vortex fixes and 4 supplemen-tary vortex fixes were levied (Table 2-l).This was 114 less than during 1976. Therewere fewer tropical cyclones (4) and 169fewer warnings issued. Increased reliance onsatellite data as a fix platform and utiliza-tion of aircraft for synoptic data accountedfor the lower percentage of aircraft fixes.For example in 1976, 310 aircraft fixes werelevied for 661 warnings (46.9%) while in 1977only 203 fixes were levied for 494 warnings(41.1%). In addition to vortex fixes, 42investigative missions were levied during1977 compared with 34 in 1976. Variousfactors accounted for the increase. In 1977only 3 storms had no investigatives becauseof distances involved while 11 storms had 2or more and 7 investigatives were levied onsystems that did not develop. In 1976 7sto~ms had no investigatives with only 2storms having 2 investigatives each.

Recomaissance effectiveness is summa-rized in Table 2-1. The missed fix rate of1.5% is the best in recent years.

TAELE2-1. AIR- RECONNAISSANCEEFFSCTIVSNESS

EFFECTIVENESS Numam OF PaacRNTFZXES

COMFLSTED ON T2MS 189 93.1EARLY o 0.0L4TE 11 5.4HISSED 3 1.5

TOTAL m 100.0

LEVIED VS. MISSED FH3!S

LEVIED MISSED PERCENT

AVSRAGE 1965-1970 507 10 2.01971 802 61 7.61972 626 126 20.21973 227 13 5.71974 358 30 8.41975 217 7 3.21976 317 11 3.51977 203 3 1.5

5. SATELLITE RECONNAISSANCE SUMMARY

The Air Force provides satellite recon-naissance support to JTWC using meteorologicaldata from polar orbiting meteorological satel-lites of the Defense Meteorological SatelliteProgram (DMSP).

A network of tactical DMSP sites atNimitz Hill, Guam; Clark AB, Philippines;Kadena AB, Japan; Osan AB, Korea; and HickamAFB, Hawaii provides direct readout coveragenorth of the equator from the dateline west

.

.

5

“into the South China Sea. In February 1’377,the Guam site was modified to acqui~e veryhigh resolution data from the National Oceanicand Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) satel-lites. The Hawaii site was modified soonafter.

The Air Force Global Weather Central(AFGWC) at Offutt AFB, Nebraska using storeddata readout provides satellite reconnaissanceover the Indian Ocean and backup for thetactical sites in WESTPAC. Det 1, lWW atGuam, colocated with JTWC, operates the net-work, tasking appropriate sites For tropicalcyclone position reports.

Prior to October 1977, both the techni-cians who maintain and operate the DMSP groundstation equipment and the analysts who inter-pret the data were members of Air WeatherService (AWS). In October 1977, the techni-cians became members of the Air Force Commu-nications Service (AFCS) as part of an overallAWS/AFCS maintenance consolidation.

Satellite positions are assigned PositionCode Numbers (PCN’S) depending on the avail-ability of geography for precise gridding andthe state of the troDical cyclone’s circula-tion. These are sho~n in Table 2-2. Esti-mates of tropical cyclone intensity areobtained from visual data using the Dvoraktechnique (NOAA Technical Memorandum NESS 45and later refinements).

TABLE2-2. POSITIONCODENUMBERS

f’cJ METHOD OF CENTER DETERMINATION/GRIDDING

EYE/GEOGRAPHY: EYE/EPHEMERIS

WELL DEFINED CC/GEOGRAPHY: WELL DEFINED CC/EPHEMERIS5 POORLY DEFINED CC/GEOGRAPHY6 POORLY DEFINED CC/EPHEMERIS

CC=CirculationCenter

Increased satellite availability providedthe opportunity to more effectively use satel-lite reconnaissance through the SelectiveReconnaissance Program (SRP). For the firsttime more than half of JTWC3S warnings inWESTPAC (51%) were based on satellite posi-tions of-tropical cyclones. In the IndianOcean, where aircraft and radar were notavailable, 95.5% of JTWC’S warnings were basedon satellite fixes.

Use of a dual-site tasking concept whichrequires at least two DMSP sites to make eachJTWC levied tropical cyclone fix has in thepast resulted in a 99% reliability in meetingJTWC’S satellite fix requirements. Howeverin 1977, this reliability dropped to 94.9% dueto an unreliable early afternoon and earlymorning DMSP satellite.

The loss of data from this satellite wasrandom. Therefore, aircraft reconnaissancewas levied to support the 0600Z and 1800Zwarnings when appropriate. Radar and NOAA 5satellite data was also used as primary orbackup reconnaissance at these times limitifig

the need to revert to extrapolation as a warn-ing base.

A comparison of satellite derived posi-tions and the JTWC Best Track positions isshown in Table 2-3. The relative accuraciesof satellite positions can be obtained fromthis table. However, the values are also afunction of the Best Track smoothing process.

Satellite derived fixes were also ob-tained from: USN ships equipped for DMSPdirect readout; the National EnvironmentalSatellite Service using NOAA and GOES data;Fleet Weather Facility (FLEWEAFAC), Suitland,Maryland using stored NOAA data; and, from theNaval Weather Service Environmental Detachmentat Diego Garcia using NOAA APT data. Thisinformation was invaluable to the warningservice. Since these were secondary sources,they were not put through the end of the yearevaluation.

1976 1975 1916 1977m (AU SITES) (Au. SITES) (m.t SITES] (Ml. SIIES)

13.6 (226)17. G ( 37)20,1 (’2?)23.9 ( 70)35.4 (362)L9. & (108)

11.8 (214)20. b ( 35)21.2 (271)n.. [ 30)3b.2 (323)‘..7 ( ,,,

1?..20.121.729.3Lo.’69. D

[131)[124)(1611w;

(1531

ls. ? (114)19.1 ( 47)22,6 (141)30.0 ( ,j)37. ? [,,,,60.9 (2’7,

1b2 1;.2 (261) 13.0 (269) 16., (255) 16,6 (181)20.6 (492) 21.6 (321)

%25.6 (311)

38.8 (650) 36.1 (396)2S.0 (216)

43.7 (600) >9.0 WJh)

6. RADAR RECONNAISSANCE SUMMARY

The 1977 Typhoon season produced a totalof 385 radar center fixes accounting for16.3% of all tropical cyclone fixes in thewestern Pacific. One radar fix was taken bya WC-130 aircraft of the 54th Weather Recon-naissance Squadron during Tropical StormRuth. All other radar fixes were taken byland or ship. The number of storms that werewithin radar acquisition range this year was11 compared to 12 last year, but the totalnumber of radar fixes this year was only onehalf of last year’s number. This apparentcontradiction is explained by a smaller num-ber of well organized storms especially ofthe Super Typhoon classification, one versusfour last year.

The WMO radar code defines three cate-gories of accuracy for the various nationalmeteorological agencies’ radar reports. Thesecategories are: good [within 10 km (5.4 nm)l,fair [within 10-30 km (5.4-16.2 nm)l and poor[within 30-50 km (16.2-27 rim)]. This year287 radar fixes were coded in this manner ofwhich 62% were good, 27% fair and 11% poor.Compared to the JTWC best track, the mean vec-tor deviation for land radar sites was 18.3IUTI(34 km) compared to 11.6 nm (21 km) lastyear and for the one aircraft fix the devi-ation was 32.4 nm (60 km) “compared to 16.0 nm(30 km) last year. This decrease in accuracyis attributable to the smaller number of wellorganized storms.

Of the total 385 radar fixes this year,

6

the national meteorological agencies ofvarious countries accounted for 75%; U. S.Air Force, Air Weather Service, Sites 19%;and 5% from aircraft control and warning(ACGW) sites. This year the land radar sitesin Taiwan provided a much greater percentageof radar fixes (31%) as compared to previousyears due to five storms (Ruth, Thelma, Vera,Amy and Dinah) passing through their area ofacquisition. The extensive radar network ofthe Japan-Ryuku area provided 37% of thetotal with 13% from Guam and 3% from theRoyal Observatory in Hong Kong. The Republicof the Philippines also noticeably increasedtheir coverage, up to 12%, as five storms(Thelma, Sarah, Freda, Kim and MaTy) movedthrough their area. As in previous years,theTe were no radar fixes taken within theIndian Ocean area.

Of the eleven storms making up thisyear’s number of radar fixes, three typhoons(Babe, Kim and Vera) accounted for 58% of thetotal. Typhoons Babe and Vera were trackedby the Japanese Meteorological Agency andTaiwan radar sites to account for 40% of thetotal. All three of these storms were fixedsimultaneously by three radar sites on morethan one occasion during their tracks.

7. COMMUNICATIONS

A new piece of communication equipment,the Naval Environmental Display Station (NEDS)was installed at FWC/JTWC in 1977. The NEDSis an addition to the existing variety ofJTWC’S communication systems which include theAutomatic Voice Switching Network (AUTOVON),the Automatic Digital Network (AUTODIN), theNaval Environmental Data Network (NEDN), andthe Air Force Automated Weather Network (AWN).The NEDS has been available, although not yetfully operational, since mid-1977 and promisesto add significantly to the efficiency of datareceipt and warning preparation. It willeventually replace the current FWC computerwhich is now providing the graphical displayof much of the basic meteorological intelli-gence received via the NEDN.

The AUTOVON serves as a vital communica-tion link and is a back-up for primary commu-nication systems. AUTODIN is used for dis-semination of warnings and other relatedbulletins which are concurrently transmittedvia the AWN. These messages are also relayedfor further transmission over US Navy FleetBroadcasts and to all ships and island sta-tions via US Coast Guard CW (Continuous WaveMorse Code) and voice communications. Inboundmessage traffic for JTWC is received viaAUTODIN addressed to FLEWEACEN GUAM.

Actual message tape preparation andentering of messages into the AUTODIN and AWNcircuits is performed by the Nimitz Hill NavalTelecommunications Center (NTCC) of the NavalCommunications Area Master Station WesternPacific.

The main data source for JTW’Canalysesis a dedicated AWN circuit linking JTKCdirectly to the Automated Digital WeatherSwitch (ADWS) at Clark AB, RP. The ADWSselects and routes the large volume of mete-orological reports necessary to satisfy JTWCrequirements for the right data at the righttime. At zimes of primary circuit outage,JTWC has other, though limited and lessefficient, teletype data sources. One ofthese provides data to and from the U. S.Trust Territory, Guam, and the NorthernMarianas.

High frequency single sideband (HF/SSB)and phone patch through the USAF aeronauticalstation at Andersen AFB (Andersen Airways) isthe normal means of communication betweenweather reconnaissance aircraft and JTWC.Depending on storm location or propagationdifficulties, the same direct voice contactcan be established via AUTOVON through otherUSAF aeronautical stations, such as Clark,Yokota or Hickam Airways. USAF weather sta-tions, colocated with the aeronautical sta-tions, are designated weather reconnaissancemonitors who are charged with acquiring,checking and transmitting reconnaissancereports into the AWN. As does JTWC, thesemonitor stations receive the data via HF/SSBand phone patch and often copy reports simul-taneously with JTWC for efficiency andaccuracy.

Reconnaissance aircraft provide vortexdata in two stages. The preliminary data,requiring minimum onboard computations, con-tain enough information to permit JTWC fore-casters to begin preparation of warnings.The average delay between the time the prelim-inary fix data messages were obtained and thetime they were copied at JTWC was 19 minutesin 1977 as compared to 15 minutes in 1976,and 21 minutes in 197S. Similar delay timesfor the second stage, or complete eye/centerfix data were 53 minutes in 1977, 30 minutesin 1976 and 49 minutes in 1975. The largedifference between the 1976 and 1977 averagesis in part due to cases when extremely poorpropagation conditions caused exceptionallylong delays. Further statistics relating tothe efficiency of air/ground aircraft recon-naissance communications are given in Table2-4.

TABLE 2-4. 1973-1977 AIR/GROUND DEUY STATISTICSFOR AIRCRAFT RRCON’NAISSANCE

1973 1974 1975 1976 1977—— —— .

%Complete fixmessagesdelayedoveronehour 20 19 20 21 24

%Completefixmeaaageareceivedafterwarningtime 10.1 4.9 3.7 4.7 4.9

7

.

.

CHAPTER Ill - RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SUMMARY

1. GENERAL

One of the tasks of the Joint TyphoonWarning Center is to conduct applied tropicalcyclone research? as time and resources per-mit. The objective of this research is toimprove operational forecasts. This researchprimarily involves the development of fore-casting and analysis techniques from pub-lished studies and preparing reports requestedby outside agencies. Meteorologists fromagencies such as the Naval Environmental Pre-diction Research Facility, the Naval Postgrad-uate School, Det 4, HQ Air Weather Service,Det 1, 1st Weather Wing and the 54th WeatherReconnaissance Squadron often collaborationthese projects. The following abstractssummarize the year’s research and developmentprojects completed or still in progress.

2. OPERATIONAL APPLICATION OF A TROPICALCYCLONE RECURVATURE/NON-RECURVATURESTUDY BASED ON 200MB WIND FIELDS

(Guard, C. P., FLEWEACEN/JTWC TECH NOTE77-1)

In his paper, Tropical Cyclone Motionand Surrounding Parameter Relationships,John E. George demonstrated the relationshipbetween various 200 mb wind fields and recur-vature/non-recurvature. Evaluation of thewind fields with data independent of George’sstudy indicated that significant modificationof his study was required to produce an oper-ationally applicable recurvature/non-recur-vature study. Synoptic analysis revealed twodistinct environments affecting tropical cy-clones, a Winter Regime and a Summer Regime.All tropical cyclones were stratified accord-ingly. By integrating the results of theevaluation with results from rigorous synopticand statistical analyses, operationally appli-cable recurvature/non-recurvature techniqueswere developed for, both, Winter Regime andthe Summer Regime tropical cyclones.

3. TROPiCAI CYCLON&CENTER FIX DATA FORTHE1976 STORM SEASON-

(Staff, FLEWEACEN/JTWC TECH NOTE 77-2)

This publication is a listing of allcenter fix data for each tropical cycloneoccurring in the western North Pacific, Bayof Bengal, and Arabian Sea during 1976.(Note: The 1977 center fix data is includedin Chapter VI herein, and will not be pub-lished as a separate report.)

4. EVALUATION OF THE DVORAK IR TECHNIQUEFOR USE WITH DMSP DATA

(Corey, T. D., DET 1, 1ST WEATHER WING)

An evaluation was made of the Dvorak IRtechnique (1975) using nighttime DMSP IR data.The data included all tropical storms andtyphoons occurring during the period 1 Junethrough 31 December 1976. A comparison wasmade between the Dvorak IR intensity estimate

and the corresponding best track intensity.The results showed that the Dvorak IR tech-nique is useful in describing intensity trendsbut not in making independent intensity esti-mates.

5. ACLIMATOLOGY OF TROPICAL CYCLONESFOR THE PERIOD 1971-1976

(Willms, G. R., FLEWEACEN/JTWC)

An analysis was made of all tropical cy-clones occurring in the JTWC area of respon-sibility during 1971-1976. The analysisdetermined: the average speed of tropicalcyclones, by month, traversing each so lati-tude/longitude square in the western NorthPacific; and the average annual number ofoccurrences of tropical cyclones by 5~ lati-tude/longitude square in the western NorthPacific, Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea. Thisstudy updated previous work,

6. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEE.N THE TEMPORALVARIATION OF EQUIVALENT P_O.TENTIALTEMPERATURE AND TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY

(Hassebrock, A. W., FLEWEACEN/JTWC)

The use of equivalent potential temper-ature as a predictor of tropical cycloneintensity has been studied previously bySikora (ATR, 197S) and Milwer (ATR, 1976).These studies examined the equivalent poten-tial temperature (magnitude) in relation totropical cyclone intensity and found incon-clusive results. In this study, aircraftcenter fix data for 1976-1977 tropical cy-clones were analyzed to determine if temporalvariations, versus magnitude, of equivalentpotential temperature had any relationshipwith tropical cyclone intensification. Twotypes of variations were found which showpotential as intensity forecasting aids.These two techniques will be evaluated duringthe 1978 storm season.

7. THE TRANSITIONING OF TROPICAL CYCLONESTO EXTRATROPICAL CYCLONES

(Guard, C. P., FLEWEACEN/JTWC and Brand,Samson, NEPRF]

An examination was made of the post-recurvature transition of tropical cyclonesto extratropical cyclones. Particular empha-sis is placed on the short-lived intensifi-cation that tropical cyclones sometimes under-go after recurvature, as cold air is initiallyadvected into the region of the wall cloud.

8. FUJURE AIRCRAFT RECONNAISSANCESTORM TRACKS

(Staff, FLEWEACEN/JTWC, DET 4, HQ AWSAND 54 WRS)

An examination was made of storm tracksneeded to satisfy future data requirements.New tracks were developed to provide increasedperipheral data for the 1978 season. Addi-tional tracks were discussed which may be

required to provide the necessary input datafor the FWC Tropical Cyclone Model.

9. TROPICAL CHART SERIES FOR SEPTEMBER 1975

(Sokol, D., lVillms,G. R. and Guard, C.P.> FLEWEACEN/JT?fC)

A series of surface/gradient and zoo mbcharts were prepared for the Naval Postgrad-uate School. These charts depicted a periodof high storm activity during September 197.sand are now an integral part of the labora-tory instruction at the school.

10. TROPICAL WEATHER STUDY GUIDE

(Fukada, E. M., FLEWEACEN/JTWC)

A study guide on tropical weather wasprepared for the Navy Forecasters School.The study guide, which was in a programmedtext format, discusses the climatology, syn-optics and dynamics of tropical weather.

Note: Anyone desiring additional informationon any of the above subjects should contactthe Director, JTWC.

9

CHAPTER IV - SUMMARY OF TROPICAL CYCLONES

1. WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC TROPICAL CYCLONES activity was similar to that observed during1973 and 1975. Tropical cyclone occurrences

During 1977, the western North Pacific were near normal during July, but fell to aexperienced the smallest number of typhoons record low for August when no typhoons andsince JTWC’S formation in 1959. Of the 21 only a single tropical storm was observed.numbered tropical cyclones occurring during During late July the southwest monsoon of1977 (Table 4-l), only eleven developed to India and Southeast Asia became very deep andmature typhoons, eight peaked out as tropical intense, extended anomalously into the west-storms , and two did not develop beyond de- em North Pacific, and persisted for weeks.pression stages. Tables 4-2 and 4-3 show The monsoon trough was oriented in an east-that both the number of tropical storms and northeast to west-southwest direction fromtyphoons were well below’the quantity nor- Hainan Island to the Benin Islands. Severalreallyobserved. During the season, only Babe cyclonic eddies formed within the trough asreached the 130 kt (67 m/see) intensity nec- Monsoon Depressions, i.e., systems chara~-essary to be classified as a “super” typhoon. terized by broad surface circulation centers,The months, January through June-,were-~om- highly asymmetric wind fields, surface windspletely void of typhoons and had only a total less than 34 kt (18 m/see), greatest inten-of two tropical storms, Patsy in March and sity at 5,000 to 10,000 ft (1470-2940 m), andRuth in June. This early season lull in strong vertical shear.

TABLE 4-1. PACTFIC AREA

1977 TROPICAL CYCLONES

CYCLONE010203040506070809101112131415161718192021

TYPE NAMETS PATSYTD TD 02TS RUTHTD ml 04TY SARAHTV THELMATY VmuTS WANDATS AMYSTY BABETS CARLATY DINAHTS EMMATS FKKDATY GILDATS HARRIETTY IVYTV JSANTV KIMTV LUCYTY MAW

CALENDARDAYS OF

PRO OF WRNG WARNING23 NAR-31 F14R 926 MAY-27 MAY 214 JDN-17 JUN 405 JUL-06 JUL 216 JUL-21 JUL 621 JUL-26 JUL 628 JUL-01 AUG 531 JOL-04 AUG 520 AUG23 AUG 402 SEP-10 SEP 903 SEP-05 SEP 314 SEP-23 SEP 1015 SEP-20 SEP 623 SEP-25 SEP 303 OCT-10 OCT 816 OCT-20 OCT 521 OCT-27 OCT 7

* 606 NOV-17 NOV 1228 NOV-07 DEC 1020 DEC-03 JAN 15

MAKSFCWIND503060307585110454013035756055705590

MINOBSSLPm1001980995970957926986990906994964966997968984945

6 .-

14 -.

6 --

21 321 1118 1317 --

16 --

36 209 --

38 1021 --

9 --

30 819 --

24 12

DISTANCETRAVELLED—.

119’)313874396154:1992814936936243661419981680859233215441877

65 972 20 3 101s125 916 44 25 1338115 919 39 16 3922100 947 59 15 4002

1977 TOTALS 124** 492 136

INDIAN OCEAN AREA

TC 17-77 11 MAY-13 MAY 3 60 980 4 --TC 18-77

37410 JUN-13 JUN 4 60 985 6 --

TC 19-77510

29 OCT-31 OCT 3 40 994 5 --TC 21-77

691* 11 70 979 19 4

TC 22-771387

15 NOV-19 NOV 5 115 930 10 8 875

1977 TOTALS 21** 44 12

*JEAN 28 OCT-31 OCT AND 02 NOV-03 NOV21-77 10 NOV-12 NOV AND 14 NOV-21 NOV

**ovE~pING DAys lNcL~ED o~y oNc~ lN s~

10

TABLE4-2 FREQUENCYOF TROPICALSTORNSAND TYPHOONSBY ffONTHAND YEAR

YEAR

AVERAGE(1945-58)

JAN JUN

1.3

03

;32

311

:2

2

:4021

AUG

3.9

1:4739

:8846

455

!41

SEP

4.1

636357

7773

:

:25555

DEC

1.1

21

;31

11

c1

:

0

i2021

0.4

195919601961196219631964

196519661967

20101968

19691970

io

1971197219731974197519761977AVERAGE(1959-77) 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 4.6 5.6 4.9 4.2 2.5 1.2

TABLE4-3 FREQUENCYOF TYPHOONSBY MONTHAND YEAR

FE8 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV

0.1 0.3 0.4 0.7 1.1 2.0 2.9 3.2 2.4 2.o

YEAR JAN DEC

0.9

11

:21

0

io

:

020

:0

AVERAGE(1945-58) 0.4

19591960

00

00

:00

3052

21

1961196219631964

196519661967

356 3

211

21

432

11

1!o

:0

196819691970

001

13 1

1971197219731974

010

197519761977AVERAGE

o 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 3 2 1 ii

(1959-77) 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.9 1.1 2.8 3.6 3.2 3.2 1.6 Lj.5 18.3

11

Upon relaxation of the deep, southwestmonsoon flow, Tropical Storm Wilds developed,but did not exceed 45 kt (23 m/see) intensityin the environment of strong vertical shear.As Wilds moved east of Japan, she caused themonsoonal flow over the western Pacific tomove toward the north, rather than toward theclimatologically favored regions where trop-ical cyclones normally develop. This north-ward flow toward low pressure continued asseveral extratropical systems developed nearthe sea of Japan, south of the normal regionsfor extratropical cyclogenesis in August.About the middle of August, the deep, south-west monsoon flow again intensified, andagain several Monsoon Depressions formed.When the monsoon finally weakened, TropicalStorm Amy developed, but barely to 40 kt (21m/see) . Amy again drew the western Pacificregion of low pressure far north of its nor-mal position, preventing establishment of asignificant near-equatorial trough (NET). Infact, during much of August, pressures weremuch above normal in the tropics and easterlywinds dominated the equatorial regions, help-ing to prevent cyclogenesis. By earlySeptember, pressures had fallen in the trop-ics, flow was back to normal, and SuperTyphoon Babe developed in the NET, south ofGuam. The remainder of the 1977 season forboth tropical storms and typhoons was nearnormal .

During 1977, 26 Tropical Cyclone Forma-tion Alerts were issued. Of these, 20 or 77%

TM,, 4-4.

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ALEkT NWWR5D TPLVICdL W2LW?W

WAR WS12K2 lMPIC.4LCYCLC.lES CYCLM:$ WE

1972 U1 29 32 717.

1973 26 22 23 85%

1974 js 30 36 2$1

1975 ?4 25 25 74X

1976 54 25 25 7M

1977 x 20 21 nx

fWITHLYD!SIRIBUT1Oi

JFti Al!JJ ASONO

F0M710NALERTs o 0 1 0 I I E 5 E 3 I I

developed into significant tropical cyclones(Table 4-4). No formation alert was issuedfor Typhoon Jean. Instead, a warning wasissued in order to provide more informationto a U. S. Navy ship approaching the system.The average lead time between issuance of aTropical Cyclone Formation Alert and thefirst \iarningwas 21 hours, with a minimum of4 hours k,ithTropical Storm Wanda and a maxi-mum of 48 hours with Typhoon Kim.

Only 12 multiple-storm days occurred in1977 (Table 4-5). This is the lowest numberof multiple-storm days observed since JTWCbegan keeping records in 19S9. Like 1970 and1975, there were no days in 1977 in w,hichthree or more western North Pacific tropicalcyclones occurred simultaneously.

The 1977 tropical cyclone season wascharacterized by an abundance of poorly de-fined cyclones of relatively small radialextent of which many exhibited numerouserratic movements. The weaker cyclones wereoften inhibited from development by an un-usually large and intense subtropical ridgeand shear of the horizontal winds with height.In contrast, periods of weak steering currentsresulted in five storms executing one or moreloops each. @erall losses Of life and DroD-ert~ were thankfully small. Taiwan, how~ve~,survived a three-month drought, then experi-enced two of the worst typhoons in 80 years,Vera and Thelma.

T&&U 4-5. SUR!WRYOF JTUC M&RllllKS 1959-1977.

!lEslsnn NORTH CENTRALNORTHPACIFIC J8D1AN OCEAN NORTHPACIFIC

AVERAGE hVERAGE AVERAGEglJ _ 1977 1971-76. 1977 1971-76

101AL NUHBER

of UARNINGS 492 679 44 26 0 3S

CALIHDARDAYSOF MARNIWS 124 142 21 ,6 0 ,0

HUMBfR OF URRNING0.4YS

UITH TMOCYCLOllCS 12 48 5101

WHBER OF UARNINGMYS

MIT” THREEOR MORECVCLOUiS 0 9 0000

TROPICALOEPRESS1ONS 2$ ..0 ,

7R0pICAL smRMs 8 II 01

TYPHoONSIHURRICANES 11 19 ..0 1

1,0. TROPICAL CYCLONES 54--

101AL TROPICAL CYCLONES 21 34 5403

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SAW

The first typhoon of the 1977 season didnot occur until mid-July. Meteorologicalsatellite data on the morning of July 13thshowed an area of convection some 225 nm(417 km) east of Koror (WMO 91408) in thePalau Islands. This tropical disturbancemeandered on a 10 kt (19 km/hr), westwardtrack and crossed Koror at 12002 on the 14th.On the morning of the 15th, the system exhib-ited increased organization and a TropicalCyclone Formation Alert was issued at 00002.Simultaneously, the disturbance took a moreclimatological, west-northwestward track andshowed evidence of possessing multiple circu-lation centers.

During the 16th, satellite data hintedthat the western-most circulation center wasbecoming the dominant one. Reconnaissanceaircraft refuted this however, and fixed theprimary center approximately 200 nft(;~~3~m)east of the satellite positions.aircraft observed 38 kt (20 m/see) winds at700 mb and estimated surface winds at 25 kt(13 m/see). Satellite data an hour latershowed that convection in the area had, infact, consolidated around the aircraft-fixedcirculation center, and the first warning onTropical Depression (TD) number OS was issuedat 1200Z.

By the evening of the 16th, TD 05 hadaccelerated to 17 kt (31 km/hr), and satel-lite data illustrated increased organization.At 1800Z the depression was upgraded to Trop-ical Storm Sarah, while located 30 nm (56 km)east of the Philippine island of Samar.During the subsequent 24 hours, Sarah, pos-sessing 40 kt (21 m/see) intensity, movedtoward Manila at 13 kt (24 km/hr) on a west-northwest to northwest heading (Fig. 4-l).At 2355Z on the 17th, Clark AB observed aminimum sea level pressure of 997.3 mb; windswere from the northwest at 12 kt (6 m/see).Within two hours winds at the Air Base hadbecome southerly. Synoptic reports were ofgreat value during this period. The moun-tainous terrain prevented aircraft reconnais-sance of the low level circulation center,while frictional effects weakened and disor-ganized Sarah making satellite positioningvery difficult.

From the evening of the 16th until themorning of the 20th upper level patterns inSarah’s environment were favorable for en-hancement of her upper level outflow, whichwould normally result in intensification.The Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough (TUTT)was oriented east-west, north of her and wasenhancing outflow in the north semicircle;strongly divergent winds south of the trop-ical storm increased outflow to the south.While over land, however, Sarah could notintensify since the latent and sensible heatrequired to maintain sufficient thermal andrelated pressure g+aclientswere not avail-able. The tropical storm entered the SouthChina Sea on the afternoon of the 18th andimmediately began to intensify.

On the evening of the 19th, a mid-tropo-spheric low over south central China deepenedand weakened the subtropical ridge north ofSarah; she.responded and turned to the north-west; toward Hainan Island, still intensi-

fying. Sarah was upgraded to a typhoon at1800Z and six hours later reached its maximumintensity of 75 kt (39 mlsec). At 21OOZ Hsi-Sha-Tao (WMO 59981) reported sustained winds(10 minute average) of 60 kt (31 m/see) fromthe west-southwest and a sea level pressureof 977.5 mb.

Sarah went ashore on Hainan Island onthe evening of the 20th. At 1200Z Ch’iung-Hai (19.3N-11O.5E) reported 10 kt (5 m/see)winds from the west and a sea level pressureof 978.5 mb. At this time Sarahrs intensitywas estimated to be 70 kt (36 m/see). Mean-while, the mid-level low over China hadreceded toward the north and the subtropicalridge began to build westward, north of Sarah.During the subsequent six hours, the typhoonslowed to 8 kt (15 km/hr) and took a westwardcourse, passing north of the central mountainrange of Hainan. At 1800Z Tan-Hsien (19.SN-109.6E) was near the center when it reported15 kt (8 m/see) winds from the east-northeastand a sea level pressure of 969.5 mb.

Typhoon Sarah entered the Gulf of Tonkinon the morning of the 21st with an estimated6S kt (33 m/see) intensity. The typhoonaccelerated to 15 kt (28 km/hr) and wentashore near Haiphong. At 06002 on the 21st,I$:;in Phulien (2O.8N-1O6.6E), a Haiphong

reported north-northwesterly winds of30 kt ~15 m/see) and a sea level pressure of986.9 mb. Six hours later these values hadchanged to 30 kt (15 m/see) from the southand 988.5 mb with pressure rising rapidly.

The final warning on Sarah was issued at1200Z on the 21st as she was dissipating overthe Red River Valley, northwest of Hanoi.Very little damage occurred during Sarah’sexistence. Only Hanoi Radio reported casesof destruction with no casualties.

FIGURE4-1. Scuuzhat 40 M [21 m/becl.in.&tii,tgCAohAi.ngnozt.headm Sanwt,RP, 17 k.&j 1977, 00572.(NOAA-5 .inkzge,tlj]

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Thelma, the second typhoon of the 1977season, wrought more destruction on Taiwanthan any event since World War II. WhileTyphoon Sarah was still crossing the SouthChina Sea, Thelma was detected by satelliteon the morning of July 20th as a tTopicaldisturbance in the central Philippine Sea.The disturbance continued to organize duringthe subsequent 24 hours, and the first warn-ing was issued on TD 06 at 0000Z on the 21st.

Reconnaissance aircraft at 0918Z on the21st found flight level winds of 55 kt (28m/see), a central pressure of 993 mb, andsurface winds estimated at 50 kt (26 m/see).Based on the aircraft data and corroboratingsatellite data, TD 06 was upgraded to Trop-ical Storm Thelma at 1200Z. During the fol-lowing 30 hours, Thelma continued to inten-sify at a rate of S kt (2.6 m/see) per 6hours. At 2050Z on the 22nd, aircraft fixedthe tropical storm 255 nm (472 km) northeastof Manila, and observed 60 kt (31 m/see)winds at its 700 mb flight level. The air-craft further indicated that the centralpressure had fallen to 965 mb. As a resultof those observations, the system was up-graded to Typhoon Thelma at OOOOZ on the 23rd.

The trigger for Thelma’s intensificationwas nearly identical to that o’fSarahls aweek earlier. Highly efficient outflow chan-nels were provided Thelma by intense cycloniccells in the TUTT, to the north, and bystrongly divergent upper level northeaster-lies over Indonesia and the South China Sea,to the south. This situation lasted from the21st to the 24th when the TUTT receded north-ward, and Thelma ceased her intensification.

The typhoon continued to move northwest-ward at 9 kt (17 km/hr) toward the southernperiphery of the mid-tropospheric subtropicalridge. On the evening of the 23Td, the stormentered the Bashi Channel, passing 10 nm (19km) northeast of Escarpada Point on north-eastern Luzon. At this time the Kakuho Marureported 80 kt (41 m/see) winds and 20 ft(6 m) seas just no~thwest of the center.

Since the time of Thelma’s development,the mid-tropospheric subtropical ridge hadbeen intense over the western Pacific andextended well into China. By 1200Z on the23rd, geopot~ntial heights at the 500 mblevel began to fall over northern China as alow developed over eastern Monogolia anddeepened rapidly. On the morning of the 24th,the subtropical ridge north of the tropicalsystem showed signs of weakening.

During the evening of the 24th, recon-naissance aircraft positioned Thelma 145 nm(269”km) south-southwest of Kao-hsiung, whichindicated that the storm was beginning tomove northward. At this time the typhoonattained its maximum intensity of 85 kt (44m/see) with a minimum pressure of 957 mb, andsIowed to 6 kt [11 km/hr). At 1800Z thepassenger liner, President McKinley, reported45 kt (23 m/see) winds and 20 ft (6 m) seaswhile some 70 nm (130 km) northeast of theeye.

On the morning of the 2Sth, radar data

showed that Thelma had turned toward thenorth-northeast and had accelerated to 10(19 km/hr). When satellite confirmed theradar movement,,the 241800Z warning wasamended to reflect the system’s impendingthreat to southern Taiwan. Durin~ earlv

kt

.afternoon of the 25th, Thelma crashed intoKao-hsiung harbor (Fig. 4-2). The ChineseWeather Central reported that Kao-hsigng (WNO46744) observed 86 kt (44 m/see) peak windsaccompanied by a 991.5 mb pressure minimum at250939 local. Satellite, airCraft, Tadar,and synoptic data all indicated that thetyphoon was small, but very intense. Mostdamage was confined to the direct path ofTyphoon Thelma as the central mountain rangeof Taiwan drastically weakened the peripheralwinds east of the typhoon’s track.

After moving acToss southwestern.Taiwan,Thelma began to weaken, and move on a trackslightly west of north. On the evening ofthe 2!ith,Thelma entered the Taiwan Straits,and on the following morning went ashore onmainland China, 30 nm (56 km) north of Fu-Chou with 50 kt (26 m/see) winds.

During her rampage over Taiwan, Thelmaclaimed more than 30 lives, injured “thou-sands, and rendered an estimated 5,000 home-less. The typhoon ripped down 53 steeltowers supporting high-tension power lines.The loss of power shut down more than one-half of the island’s 45,000 factories.Taiwan’s largest harbor at Kao-hsiung wasvirtually destroyed. All eight giant cranesused to load and unload cargo were badlydamaged or destroyed. At least 17 ships cap-sized in the harbor. In her few short hoursover southern Taiwan, Thelma left destructionamounting to several millions of dollars(Us.). According to the Central WeatherBureau of Taiwan, Typhoon Thelma was the mostdestructive tropical cyclone to hit Taiwanin more than 80 years.

FTGURE 4-2. TyphoonThe2numtezing bowthweAtwTaiwanwith an ~0 h [41m/Aec].in,ten&i.ty,25 Jtig1977,02432. lvh!sPhmg’vyl

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VERA

A tropical disturbance, north of theclimatologically favored area, was first evi-dent on satellite imagery and JTWC’S synopticgradient level analysis at 2600002 July 77with a cyclonic surface circulation centernear 2.5,5N-133.6E. Exhibiting westward move-ment over the next 24 hour period, the dis-turbance gained organization and potentialfor significant development. At 270SOOZ, aformation alert was issued. By 2718002 thesurface circulation reflected 30 kt (15 m/see) of wind at the surface and JTWC’S ini-tial warning on the system as TropicalDepression 07 (TD 07) was issued at 280000Z.Subsequent post-storm analysis revealed thatTD 07 had reached 35 kt (18 m/see) intensity(minimum tropical storm intensity) by initialwarning time.

Beginning as far back as 220000Z, a lowcell imbedded in a tropical upper tropo-spheric trough (TUTT) had formed to thenortheast of TD 07!s initial warning posi-tion. Tracking west-southwest, this uppercell was centered near 30.5N-131.OE at260000Z. The TUTT, now nearly east-westoriented, continued to dig toward the westand at the same time an upper level anti-cyclone over Korea/Japan north of this TUTTbuilt eastward. The 200 mb winds at stationsalong the east coast of Japan reflected 60-75kt (31-39 m/see) out of the north-northeast.By 2712002 the ’T~TT cell was centered near-27.8N 133.5E with strong difluence southeastof the cell located over the surface distur-bance (Fig. 4-3). The vertical coupling hadthus been effected and the necessary condi-tions for tropical cyclone development ful-filled.

By 2800002, then, TD 07 was upgraded toa tropical storm and named Vera. A generallywestward track (2600) at 3 kt (5.6 km/hr) wasobserved. Steering at this point seemed tobe governed by the easterly flow on thesouthern periphery of the major anticycloneover Korea/Japan. The TUTT low also movedwestward. By 2912002 the anticyclone overKorea/Japan began to build toward the south-west in advance of Vera. Therefore, steeringinfluences were reflected in the observedwest-southwest (becoming southwest) trackthat Vera assumed. As she proceeded south-westward, Vera continued to intensify attain-ing 65 kt (34 m/see) by 291200Z. From291200Z to Z91800Z Vera intensified from 65to 90 kt (34 to 46 m/see) proceeding to thesouthwest at 9 kt (17 km/hr). Beyond 291800Za marked decrease in forward speed was noted(from 9 to 4 kt [17.to 7.4 km/hr]) as thenortheasterly steering at upper levelsappeared to relzx. Simultaneously, an in-crease in intensity occurred. By 300600ZVera had attained winds of 100 kt (S2 m/see)and satellite imagery tevealed a well-definedeye (Fig. 4-4) whi-lereconnaissance aircraftreported 100 kt (52 m/see) at the 700 hbflight level. By 301200Z satellite datashowed improved outflow channels aloft to thewest and north and fix positions from radar,satellite, and aircraft supported a morewest-northwestward track.,

FIGURE 4-4. Typhoon VchJI 200 nm (370 fun) ecut o~laiwan and accelwzti.ngnotttuwiwad.

24

Upon making her turn to the.west-north-west, it became evident that Vera wouldlikely pass directly over Iriomote-Jima andjust to the south of Ishigaki-Jima. Figure4-5 shows the one-hourly surface reports fromIshigaki-Jima (WMO 47978) and indicates eyepassage south of the island between 3021OOZand 3022002. Maximum winds reported werefrom the southeast at 103 kt (53 m/see) at302200Z (Fig. 4-6). Minimum pressure re-ported was 935.6 mb at 3021OOZ. As Vera

passed south of Ishigaki-Jima, her speed hadincreased to 10 kt (19 km/hr). Post-analysisrevealed that Vera attained her maximum inten-sity of 110 kt (57 m/see) by 31OOOOZ (Fig. 4-7) and decreased in intensity slowly there-after as she approached Taiwan at a speed of11 kt (20 km/hr) (Fig. 4-8). Aircraft recon-naissance at 31085OZ verified a slight inten-sity decrease as low level inflow channelswere restricted by the island of Taiwan.

FWC/JTWC GUAM JUI Y 1977SlhTION

30/17 3 18 m 30/70 30/?1 3(3/77 30/?3 woo :31/ol 3/(-)7 31/03 3/0447918 ROG v*. :*. %& @$ v% v~ tif Q#’O ~ g$” vq=’ egg’ / ggm

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FIGURE4-6. ,Hua-L&.n@p za5mtation 06 Typhoon FIGURE4-7. TgphoonVW a.tmaximum110kt (57mjbec)Vehawhen lbh.igdi-Jima wub meceiving moxhim &L.4-ta.i.ned wI.ndA o~ 103b-t(53m/becl,30 Ju.tg1977,

.in.teti.i-tgandjtiX 19 mi.nuttiat$ta.theti.imag~in Figu-te4-6, 30 JuLg 1977,2219Z. (oMsPimagetg)

22002. (Pluttogqhcowr.tuyodtie Cen.tkdkkYZZA&t13wLeau,TtiPti,Taiwan,Repubtic 06 China.)

25

Landfall on the island of Taiwan occurredat Keelung (Chi-Lung) at the mouth of the Chi-Lung Ho River basin. Moving at 11 kt (20 km/hr) Vera followed the river basin to thewest-southwest toward Taipei. Keelung re-corded a minimum low pressure of 939.9 mb at31093oz and a total rainfall of 7.9s in (2o2mm). Maximum winds recorded at the ChineseWeather Bureau office in downtown Keelung were66.6 kt (34 m/see) with gusts to 113 kt (S8m/see) at 31103OZ. In Taipei, a minimumpressure of 951.5 mb was recorded at 311028Zwith total rainfall recorded as 8.0 in (203mm) . Taipei International Airport reportedmaximum winds of 64 kt (33 m/see) with guststo 96 kt (49 m/see). Both Keelung and Taipeiestablished new records in observed maximumwind reports with Vera’s passage. After pass-ing over the northeastern part of Taipei

city, Vera continued on a nearly westwardtrack and emerged in the Taiwan Straits justnorth of Hsin Chu at 311500Z. Vera continuedon a westward track at 11 kt (2o km/hr) andmade landfall on the China mainland near Chtuan-Chou at O1O1OOZ August with an intensityof 80 kt (41 m/see).

Following so closely after Typhoon Thel-ma, which had wreaked havoc on the southernportion of Taiwan, Typhoon Vera left at least25 dead in her wake and vast amounts of pro-perty and crop damage. Two ships sank, 10went aground, 3 were washed away, and 22 weredamaged. However, with timeIy warnings andthe occurrence of Thelma two weeks prior,most ships diverted and rode out the storm inthe safety of the open sea.

FIGURE 4-g. Typhoon VaJU apph.oactingnotihetiTo.iaun,30 Jd.y /977,235ZZ. The nextcgctone,TJLoPicd~.to~Wanda,h ~hownal develoyent dxge with 30 h-t[15mlbee)W-inb 100 nm (lg5 km] bouth o~ Iwo-J*.(kOAA-5 .imageng@om FLE14EAFACWit&d, MO]

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During August 1977, no typhoons wereobserved. The JTWC significant TropicalWeather Advisory of 31-August stated, “theprobability is that the remainder of 1977should see an increase in typhoon activity”.The next day, 1 September, the seedling ofthe year’s 10th tropical cyclone and the onlysuper typhoon was first observed. Babe was avery challenging storm in that during herlifetime she threatened virtually every majorDoD facility in the western North Pacific.

Satellite data on the 1st at 01432 and00002 synoptic data indicated a weak surfacecirculation with associated convection near7N-lSOE. Based on this data, a Tropical Cy-clone Formation Alert was issued. At thistime, there was a tropical upper tropospherictrough (TUTT) present at 200 mb to the Northof the alert area. The TUTT maintained itsposition through the 3rd at 00002 and thedivergence on the southern side of the TUTTaided in the development of the seedling intoTropical Depression 10 (TD 10).

The first warning on TD 10 was issued onthe 2nd at 00002. h aircraft fix on the 2ndat 00522 estimated the maximum surface wind* be 40 kt (21 m/see). On the followingwarning (J1600Z),TD 10 was upgraded to Trop-ical Storm Babe. With the TUTT circulationproviding fair out~low conditions aloft, Babeslowly intensified as she moved westwardacross the warm Philippine Sea. Babe wasbeing steered at this time by a well devel-oped mid-tropospheric subtropical ridge whichextended from the dateline into central China.With this westward movement expected to con-tinue, Babe was forecast to cross the Repub-lic of the Philippines and pose a threat toSubic Bay and Clark AB. The westward move-ment continued until the 5th at 00002 whensigns of a change in direction of movementfirst appeared. Between the 2nd and the 4th,Babe had an average speed of 14 kt (25 km/hr).By the 4th at 12002, the speed had dropped to8 kt (14 km/hr), further dropping to 5 kt (9km/hr) in the following 12 hours.

On the 5th at 0000Z, an upper air troughin the mid-latitude westerlies appeared overnortheastern Asia. A weakness in the sub-tropical ridge between the trough and Babebecame evident and increased the probabilityof a more northerly storm track. A change inBabe’s direction of movement was first notedby satellite data at 0S21552 (Fig. 4-9) andconfirmed by aircraft reconnaissance at0522432.

Taiwan, which was still recovering fromthe effects of earlier typhoons, Thelma andVera, was now threatened again. Aircraftdata between the 5th at 0832Z and the 7th at2204~ showed–Babe to have undergone rapiddeepening with the central pressure droppingfrom 988 mb to 907 mb, a rate of 1.3 mb/hr.This rapid deepening was in response to thedivergent southwesterly flow ahead of thestrong upper air trough now stretching fromeast of Japan into central Taiwan, whichprovided a strong outflow channel aloft.Babe was upgraded to a typhoon on the 6th at00002 and a super typhoon on the 8th at 00002(Fig. 4-10).

BABE

F7GURE4-9. Babeat mi.nimdfyphOonAt-zengtiandhaling noz.-tkvd,5 .sep-temb~ 1977, 21552.[VMSP .&mlgUy)

FIGURE4-10. .%pti Typ~OOtI &Zbtd r30fd [67M/bEC]inte.na.i,tL/250 nm (463km] 6011thUAtO{ Ihh.i9ak.iJima,~ Septembut1977,03032. (OMSPimagezg)

28

UP until the 0800002 warninq. Babe wasstill forecast to cross Taiwan aid then dis-sipate in mainland China prior to full recur-vature. On the 7th at 1200Z, however,another upper air trough moved into northernChina. This short wave additionally weakenedthe mid-tropospheric ridge over southeasternChina. A low soon developed in this troughover Korea indicating the trough would moveslowly and possibly deepen. This increasedthe probability that Babe would recurve muchearlier than expected. This came to pass andas Taiwan was relieved, Okinawa and Japan nowfaced the fury of Babe. Aircraft and radardata showed Babe began recurvature to thenortheast after the 8th at 0600Z and whileweakening at a rate of 5 kt/6 hr (Z.5 m/see).Conditions of readiness were set for southernJapan and aircraft evacuated Kadena AB forappropriate “safe haven” locations (Fig. 4-11).

FIGURE4-11. TyphoonBubcat 720k-t(62ml~ec)ix.&n-btiy, hlowly wdu?n-ingand acceJM.aa%gnohlhwutd,9Septembti1977,0245Z. (RMSPimaga.gl

During Babe’s north-northeastward tran-sit, the upper air low which had formed overKorea moved south-southwestward, deepened andcut-off from the main upper air trough. Thisallowed ridging to the east and northeast of

Babe to build east-west to the north of Babeand the cut-off low steering Babe towardKorea? and eventually Shanghai. Evidence ofa Fu]lwhara type effect between Babe’s circu-lation and the cut-off low also appeared.Babe finally steered around the northernperiphery of the cut-off low and hit thePeople’s Republic of China just north ofShanghai on the llth at 0000Z with surfacewinds of 65 kt (33 m/see) (Fig. 4-12).

The greatest damage from super typhoonBabe occurred after she recurved and headedfor Japan. Newspaper reports described Babeas “the worst typhoon to threaten Japan in 18years”. Babe struck the Japanese island ofOkino-Erabu with winds of 135 kts (69 m/see)injuring 45 people and destroying 1600 homes.Kadena AB recorded maximum sustained winds of36 kt (19 m/see) on the 9th and a peak gustof 60 kt (31 m/see) at 0913282. Babe alsodisrupted maritime activities sinking a Pana-manian freighter with 16 reported dead ormissing and damaging approximately 100 Japan-ese fishing vessels which sought safety inthe East China Sea,

The overall forecast accuracy for supertyphoon Babe was below average. However, theDoD operational impact was decreased by theuse of forecast confidence probabilitiesappended to JTWCprognostic discussion bul-letins and the many telephone conversationsbetween JTWC and WESTPAC staff meteorologists.This was confirmed by operations staff per-sonnel at the 1978 Tropical Cyclone Confer-ence.

FIGURE4-12. TgphoonBabetig tand@!.260 nm (117km) nohtho{ Shangha-t,Peopil’4Repubfico{ China,11Sqatemba 1977, OI09Z. Tha motuoontiugh wtendi.ng&tomthe Phi.tlppine .to tic Wzt.iana lA&mo2 wotidbOOtIAPULLM the next typhoon, Dinah. INOAA-5 .imagutg @omFLEWEAFAC Suittand, W]

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DINAH

Dinah, the 5th typhoon of 1977, dis-played the most unusual behavior. While overthe South China Sea, the storm executed twohairpin turns and one loop before meanderingover South East Asia during dissipation.Dinah’s development, however, was a more nor-mal sequence of events.

“Super” Typhoon Babe’s extensive circu-lation system aided the monsoon trough tomove north of its normal location. AfterBabe dissipated over eastern China, the mon-soon trough extended from South East Asia tothe Mariana Islands along 20 degrees northlatitude. South of the trough, deep south-westerly flow produced localized gale forcewinds and extensive areas of thundershoweractivity. North of the trough, steady east-erlies prevailed. Although the opposingcurrents produced considerable cyclonic shearand relative vorticity within the trough, thecounter productive northeasterlies in theuPPer troposphere produced enough verticalshear to prevent significant tropical cyclonedevelopment, Meteorological satellite dataduring this 2nd week of September periodshowed several loosely organized areas ofconvection within the monsoon trough. On the12th, synoptic data located a low level cir-culation center 400 nm (741 km) north of Guam.Maximum intensity near the center was esti-mated to be 20 kt (10 m/see) while localizedgale force winds continued within the south-west monsoon current to the southern andeastern periphery of the monsoon trough.(Islanders in the southwest flow could notbelieve there was not a tropical storm ortyphoon nearby.)

The circulation center initially movednorthwestward at an average speed of 16 kt(30 km/hr). Synoptic reports and satelliteimagery revealed a tropical upper-tropo-spheric trough (TUTT) oriented east-west andjust north of the position of the low to mid-level monsoon trough. By 1200Z on the 12th,a westward moving cyclone within the TUTTbecame positioned northeast of the surfacedisturbance. This orientation relieved muchof the previously inhibiting vertical shearand provided an area of divergence aloft.This new flow pattern permitted the surfacedisturbance greater vertical growth andintensification. Satellite data soon iden-tified a distinct vortex which separated fromthe areas of southwest monsoon cloudiness(Fig. 4-13). At O1OOZ on the 14th, a forma-tion alert was issued. The disturbance nowmoved westward as it entered the steeringinfluence of an anticyclone over the EastChina Sea. Satellite pictures soon showedlarger and better developed banding features.Since corresponding surface reports alsoindicated intensification, the first warningwas issued for TD 12. Post analysis, however,found that the disturbance had achieved trop-ical depression intensity by 1318002 andtropical storm stage by 140000Z (Fig. 4-14).This was the period of maximum TUTT inter-action. Because of the favorable conditionspresent during this time, another disturbanceabout 300 nm (556 km) north of Guam developedinto Tropical Storm Emma.

.-

FIGURE 4-13. TzopAz-2 17e@eb&on 12 [Dinah] 225nm(4/7km) bOdUOCb.tO~ hooJ.imawh-i.&baeaki.ng awaq&om & place 06 oI@in, -themonboon.tm.ough,12.Sepiembw 1977, 231OZ. [NOAA-5 hmww}

FIGURE 4-14. Ui.nah at tiph.a.l. &tohm b&.@? “l.n.ten-bi~yhg in an i.n.teJuzbtigb~ cond~tion, 14Septembm 1977,00232. Dinahappea-h.bto be compobaf06 &o, wmma-bkaped wnuedve Aqbtem titigeg&nicaUy wi-tka mvbtowzone06 helativebubbi-dencebetween.tkem.[NOAA-5.imLVYY]

31

,.As TD 12 gTew and became Tropical StoTm

Dinah, the pTessure gTadient bFtween thestorm and the subtropical Tidge increased;The associated easterly steering currentscorrespondingly increased and acceleratedDinah to a maximum speed of 19 kt (35 km/hr).An intensifying, mid-tropospheric high overeastern China was now the primaTy source ofthese easterlies. As this high pressure cellcontinued to build, Dinah was steered in asouthwesterly direction towards the Republicof the Philippines. Forward speed decreasedas the gradient slackened. Steady intensi-fication continued as upper level outflow waswell established in all quadrants. Thistrend persisted until Dinah reached minim~~mtyphoon strength at 1506002 just 100 nm (185km) off northern Luzon. With a maximumintensity of 55 kt (28 m/see), the stormentered Luzon 35 nm (65 km) south of Escar-pada Point at 151s002. That evening Dinahpassed near Tuguegarao, a station in north-eastern Luzon which experienced 96 kt (49 m/see) peak winds and a mean sea-level pressureof 977.0 mb.

Upon entering the South China Sea after7 hours over land, Dinah weakened to 40 kt(21 m/see), but quickly reintensified to 50kt (26 m/see) winds within 14 hours. Headedwest-southwestward, Dinah entered an area ofweaker steering currents. The dominatinganticyclone over China was beginning toweaken and mid-latitude westerlies beganextending southward. By the 17th, the con-tinued weakening of steering currents causedthe storm to slow to 9 kt (17 km/hr) movement.

For the next 4 days, Dinah exhibitedunusual behavior. The weakening subtropicalridge over China broke down into a series ofsmaller high cells while the southwest mon-soon deepened. Caught between these oscil-lating and opposing steering sources, Dinahabruptly turned northeast and then executed aloop during the 17th. As the southwest mon-soon strengthened and became the dominantsteering flow, the storm was directed north-eastward toward Taiwan.

Intensification resumed as a result ofthe enhanced monsoon. The weakening subtrop-ical ridge and increasing outflow aloft alsocontributed to Dinah’s growth. By 1818002,typhoon strength was again achieved. Afterbeing displaced north nearly 150 nm (218 km),movement slowed to 5 kt (9 km/hr) as Dinah’ssteering flow became less effective. By the19th an advancing mid-latitude trough overChina aided in steering Dinah eastward. Sus-tained winds of 65 kt (33 m/see) persisted assatellite imagery at 1912012 revealed an eye.At 200000Z, Dinah reached a short-lived max-imum intensity of 75 kt (39 m/see) (Fig. 4-15). Ever since Dinah’s origin? the south-west monsoon was the major feeding current.py 2006002? this flow was being diverted intothe beginnings of Tropical Storm Freda in thePhilippine Sea and Dinah began to weaken.

As the mid-latitude trough advanced overChina, it did not dig south as forecast and alarge high pressure area built in behind it.In response, Dinah did not continue eastwardin advance of the trough; it slowed to 2 kt(3.7 km/hr), turned westward, then southwest-

ward being influenced by the intensifyinghigh over China. Dinah was the first stormto be directly affected by an early autumnsurge in the northeast monsoon.

The northeasterlies from the strong highover China controlled Dinah’s movement forthe next 2 days. Diminishing moist south-westerlies and increasing dry northeasterliessteadily weakened the storm. Dinah accel-erated southwestward and reached south Viet-nam as a weak tropical depression at 231700Z.JTWC’S last warning was issued one hour latez-.

After landfall, Dinah, in its dissi-pating stage, persisted for 4 days. TropicalStorm Freda and the weakening of the north-east monsoon were the controlling agents inthe last days of Dinah’s unusual track.After crossing the South China Sea, Fredaentered southern China drawing the southwestmonsoon northward. Once again embedded in asouthwest steering current, TD 12 (Dinah)journeyed northward through Cambodia, north-eastward over the Gulf of Tonkin then north-ward into southern China and finally dissi-pated.

Dinah’s sweep across northern Luzoncaused loss of lives and property. Floodsand landslides alone caused 15 deaths and 11missing. Although Dinah remained a safe dis-tance from mainland China while joggingunpredictably overKong displayed thea record 124 hours

the South ChinaStand By Signaland 40 minutes.

Sea, HongNo. 1 for

FIGURE 4-15. ln@vted,.thttikold pkotigmzphodTypkoonVi.nohal mux.imumin.ten.b~06 75 k.t[39m/AtC], 19Sep&mbti 1977,2310Z. Tti Ape&ptoductwnbo&&ia.Ze4thethatmo,tlungei.n.toijoua&!iC&f [gqdmh] dtktit? bai.ngcotiebtandbtack u)axnva.t.B&z& : $eo.tti Zkan 253”K; @k @q: 253” tO 233*K;& @ gtizy:233° to 213”K; #fife: &Ab than 2 13’K.(DUSpi.magq @omDct5, lWW, C&ztkAB, RP)

32

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On the 1st of October, a large area ofheavy convection, 300 nm (556 km) in diam-eter, was detected by satellite approximately325 nm. (600 km) no~th of Ponape. Synopticdata indicated a weak surface circulation inthe vicinity. The system, which would laterbecome Typhoon Gilda, was observed to be mov-ing northward toward a weakness in the mid-tropospheric subtropical ridge.

On the 2nd of October, a Tropical Cy-clone Formation Alert was issued as satellitedata indicated increased organization andupper level outflOw. Further intensificationwas expected due to the existence of an upperlevel trough to the northwest.

Aircraft reconnaissance on the morningof the 3rd reported 38 kt (20 m/see) winds atthe 1500 foot (441 m) flight level. Based onthis data and the assessed good potential forfurther intensification, the first warningwas issued on TD 15 at 00002 on the 3rd.

For the next 18 hours the tropical de-pression moved erratically toward the northat a speed of 5 kt (9.3 km/hr). During the3rd, the mid-tropospheric subtropical ridgenortheast of TD 15 began to build toward thewest. Late on the 3rd, TD 15 responded andbegan to move toward the northwest. Simul-taneously, the tropical depression began tointeract with a cyclonic cell in the TropicalUpper Tropospheric Trough (TUTT) located tothe depression’s northwest. Divergent south-westerlies aloft, on the southeast peripheryof the upper level cyclonic cell, enhancedthe outflow of TD 15 and by 18002 on the 3rdthe system had intensified to tropical stormintensity.

During the 4th, Tropical Storm Gildscontinued to intensify as it accelerated to12 kt (22 km/hr) on its northwestward track.Reconnaissance aircraft on the afternoon ofthe 5th indicated 80 kt (41 m/see) winds atits 700 mb flight level, and observed thatthe central pressure of Gilda had fallen to974 mb, a 15 mb drop in 11.5 hours. Usingthis information, Gilds was uppraded to ty-phoon at 06002.

During the past 36 hours, a mid-tropo-spheric, short wave trough moved eastwardf~om eastern China toward Japan, and began todeepen. By the 5th this trough had moved eastof northern Japan, and had dug sufficientlyequatorward to sever the subtropical ridgenorth of Gilds. By the afternoon of the 6th,the typhoon had acquired a north-northwestwardtrack toward the weakness in the ridge. At06222, aircraft reconnaissance showed that thecentral pressure had risen to 986 mb. Conse-quently, the 06002 warning was amended andGilda was downgraded to a Tropical Storm. Theweakening, however, was short lived; 24 hourslater she had again attained typhoon inten-sity. At 15002 on the 7th Gilds passedthrough the weakness in the subtropical ridgeand shortly thereafter began recurving towardthe north-northeast. As frequently observedwith October tropical cyclones, Typhoon Gildacontinued to intensify after recurvature. Sheattained her peak intensity of 70 kt (36 m/see) on the 8th when aircraft at 03252 re-ported the typhoon’s minimum sea level pres-sure of 968 mb[Fig. 4-16).

BY the night of the 8th, Gilds had againweakened to tropical storm strength, and hadtaken a northeast heading around the north-western periphery of the mid-tropospheric highcell. During the subsequent 36 hours, thetropical storm accelerated rapidly toward theeast-northeast and weakened at a rate of S kt(2.6 mfsec) per 6 hours. On the morning ofthe IOth, Gilds became extratropical, movingtoward the east-northeast at more than 30 kt(55 km/hr).

During her eight day span, the closestpoint of approach to land was 220 nm (407 km)when she passed southwest.of l[arcusIsland onthe evening of October 5th. On the ocean,ships stayed well away from Gilds’s strongwinds. k a result, Gilds claimed no loss oflife or damage to property.

FIGURE 4-16. Typhoon Gilds atmarAnumin.teti.&y o~70 & (36 m/bee] duhing fiacu-tua.time,7 Oe,to&JL 1977,23432. [NOAA-5 &zge,ILy jjmm FLEOIEAFAC Stiand, h4V)

34

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35

lVY

Ivy, the 7th typhoon of 1977, originatedfrom an easterly wave. It was first d~tectedby synoptic data moving westward over theNarshall Islands on the 14th of October.Within 24 hours it entered an area of in-creased low level convergence associated withthe near equatorial trough (NET)? intensified,and developed a surface circulation. For thenext 8 days it remained within the NET beforebreaking loose.

The development of Ivy was also aided bythe movement of Tropical Storm Harriet, whichwas also embedded in the NET. TS Harrietmoved northward through the Philippine Seadisplacing the NET northward. This northwardshift allowed for an increase in’favorableconditions for intensification. By the 19ththe developing cyclone (Ivy) was receivingmost of the low level, southwesterly flowthat was previously supplied to the now weak-ening Harriet (Fig. 4-17). The next daysatellite data indicated that the distur-bance’s convective activity and organizationhad increased while surface reports indicatedthat the central pressures were steadilyfalling. JTWC, therefore, issued a formationalert at 200126Z.

FIGURE 4-17. In&uud photog~pltoIjIugin Zha6011)U4%l& b.ta(jeflti Guam olithTfio~ca.I?St04m/f@t&tat maximumi.nte~.i-ty06 55 k.t[28m/6ec],19 Octobw1977,7014Z. (DMSP.imaguy)

Upper tropospheric, synoptic data fromthe mornin~ of the 21st indicated that theoutflow pa~tern above the alert area was con-tinuing to strengthen. An aerial reconnais-sance investigation on the afternoon of the21st detected an organized surface cycloniccirculation with a 996 mb central pressure.Reconnaissance data further indicated thatthe disturbance was moving northward justeast of the hlariana Islands. Along withsupportive satellite data, the first warningon TD 17 was issued at 2106OOZ.

On the morning of the 20th, TD 17 beganmoving through a break in the subtropicalridge previously opened by Harriet. This wasalso an area of weak and variable steeringcurrents. From the morning of the 21st tothe evening of the 22nd. there was a lack ofany definitive, middle tropospheric steeringflow which resulted in the erratic movementof the storm. For 36 hours TD 17 meanderedand then looped before heading northeastward(Fig. 4-18).

During the formative stages of TD 17,uPPer tropospheric, synoptic and satellitedata indicated the presence of a weak trop-ical upper tropospheric trough (TUTT) to thenortheast. As the disturbance reached trop-ical depression intensity, data indicatedthat a low in the TUTT had developed. Theestablishment of the TUTT low in this.regionallowed for an increase in the advection ofmass away from the storm. This allowed forfurther intensification and the depression toreach tropical storm intensity during thecourse of its loop. Aircraft reconnaissance

FIGURE4-18. [email protected] photog~aph06 Ivywith40 k.1[21mlbeclwin~ executinga cyctoticLoop,22 Octobex1977,09232. (OMSP.imaguyl

36

on the 21st at 1545Z observed a maximumflight level, 700 mb, wind of 38 kt (20 m/see) associated with the storm. Based onthis data TD 17 was upgraded to TropicalStorm Ivy at 2118002.

From the evening of the 22nd, the stormbegan to accelerate and move northeastwardin response to an eastward moving short-wavetrough in the mid-latitude westerlies.During this period the TUTT began to inten-sify. This created an upper air regime whichwas favorable for further intensification.On the morning of the 24th Ivy reached ty-phoon intensity. Reconnaissance aircraft atc341z recorded a central pressure of 967 mband observed sustained, 700 mb winds of 75 kt(39 m/see) about an eye 30 nm (56 km) indiameter.

After reaching typhoon intensity, Ivycontinued to the northeast. This movementcaused the storm to pass 20 nm northwest ofMarcus Island (WMO 47991) at 241930Z. Marcusreported a sustained 70 kt (36 m/see) at18002 and 111 kt (57 m/see) gusts at 21OOZ.As Ivy continued northeastward, further in-tensification took place. After establish-ment of other TUTT lows to the north andsouth of the storm, a maximum strength of 90kt (46 m/see) was reached on the 25th (Fig.4-19). New aircraft data reported a welldefined eye with a 945 mb central pressure.

Typhoon Ivy maintained maximum intensityfor 12 hours. The continued northward dis-placement was due to the increasing influenceof a quasi-stationary upper-level trough eastof Japan. This also caused the storm toenter a cooler environment which began todegrade Ivy into an extratropical system.As a result, the last warning was issued at2618002. Ivy quickly weakened and becameextratropical along a cold front.

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FIGURE 4-19. Typhoonlug d.hplayinga wd.t de&ckdcy? a-th maximum i.nten.titgad 90 M (46mfhec],25O&obe/t1977,01062. [lhLSPimageq]

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JEAN

Jean, the 18th tropical cyclone of 1977,established two season records; first, as theshortest-lived typhoon of the season andsecond, as the only tropical cyclone of 1977for which a formation alert was not issuedprior to the initial warning. Jean was firstobserved on satellite imagery as a weak dis-turbance located some 200 nm (371 km) south-east of Kwajalein Atoll at 2128Z on the 24thof October. While moving northwestward at 14kt (26 km/hr), the disturbance was includedon JTWC’S Significant Tropical Weather Advi-sory (ABEH PGTW) for the next several days.Located downstream of an upper tropospherictrough axis in a difluent area aloft, thedisturbance was-in a favored position fordevelopment. By 1200Z on the 27th, an uppertropospheric outflow center (200 mb) was ana-lyzed over the surface position further sup-porting development.

Due to the presence of a ship in closeproximity to the cyclone, the initial warningon Tropical Depression 18 was issued at 12002on the 28th with an intensity of 30 kt (15 m/see) and a northwest movement at 14 kt (26 km/hr). Satellite data over the next 6 to 12hours indicated an intensity increase and at1800Z on the 28th the depression was upgradedto tropical storm status. At this same time,Jean was beginning to show a more northwardtrend and had slowed appreciably to a speedof 6 kt (11 km/hr). The more northwardthence north-northeastward track was attri-buted to upper- and mid-tropospheric levelsteering influences which were dominant abovethe easterly steering flow near the surfaceand in the lower troposphere. Because thesteering currents at various levels were notacting in conjunction, a slowing trend inforward movement was noted.

At 05132 on the 29th, reconnaissanceaircraft penetrated the storm and observedsurface winds near 60 kt (31 m/see) and alsoreported that an eye was beginning to form.Satellite imagery at 0905Z on the 29th (Fig.4-20) further supported the aircraft’s ob-served intensification; consequently, at18002 on the 29th, Jean was upgraded to a ty-phoon. Satellite positioning also dictated amore north-northeastward track. Jean main-tained minimum typhoon intensity for the next6 hours through the 300000Z warning therebyestablishing the aforementioned record as theshortest-lived typhoon of the season.

Post analysis revealed that beyond the300000Z position Jean began to react to theeffects of very strong vertical shear. Atthe surface and at low-tropospheric levels,steering flow was strong easterly around thesouthern periphery of the subtropical ridge.Steering flow at mid- and upper-troposphericlevels was strong west-southwesterly. Underthis hostile regime, Jean began to weaken andhad made her furthest northeastward incursionby 1200 on the 30th with 55 kt (28 m/see)intensity. Satellite data on the 30th showedan exposed low-level circulation center tothe west of the area of major convectiveactivity. Jean began to weaken rapidly andmove west and then west-northwest in responseto the east/east-southeasterly steering atlow tropospheric levels. Figure 4-21 depicts

FIGURE 4-20. In&uuwd pho%oghaph 06 Jean at 55 k.t(28 m/bee] &.tenb.Ltg.ttackhg nomth-notieab-, 29Octabeh1977,09052. {UU.SP@tiy]

FIGURE 4-21. ExpoAed LOW lewd c&w&ttion 06 Ttop-.ical-S*ohmJeanat 40 kt [21mlbec1 .in.tenbtigdatingwe.A.@#uiaccelmn, 3/ odobm 1977,01022.IUww’hmgay]

39

the low level circulation center with themajor convection sheared off to the east.Figi.lre4.z2 is a graphic depiction of Jean’spassage north of Marcus Island through three-hourly synoptic reports.

JTWC issued its expected final warningon TD 18 (formerly Tropical Storm Jean] at1200Z on the 31st with a forecast dissipationwithin 12 hours. The low level circulationwas closely monitored via satellite for signsof reintensification for the next 24-36hours. By Z323Z on the 1st of November, the

disturbance began to show an improved satel-lite signature with an increase in convectiveactivity. TII18 was reactivated and a warn-ing was issued at 0000Z on the 2nd ofNovember. AT this time, TD 18 began meander-ing northward at 3 to 4 kt (5.5 to 7.5 kmlhr)

and showed an intensity of 30 kt (15 m/see).For the next 12 to 24 hours, the systemexecuted a looping movement and by 14502 onthe 2nd satellite data again showed theeffects of strong vertical shear with anexposed low level circulation again visibleto the west of the main convection. Oncesheared off, the low level circulationresponded to low tropospheric, northeasterlyflow around the southeastern periphery of alarge anticyclone centered over the Sea ofJapan. The final warning was issued at031200Z with dissipation forecast by 0318002.The low level circulation center continuedtracking to the southwest and then west-southwest remaining weak and visible onsatellite imagery until 00192 on the 6th ofNovember.

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40

KItvl

Kim, the 9th typhoon of the season, or~g-inateclin an active near-equatorial t-rougfi(NET), which extended through the westernMarshall Islands. Weak surface circulationsexisted within this trough near Ponape andKwajalein. During the 2nd of November, thisactivity had consolidated into a single sur-face circulation 100 nm (185 km) southwest ofPonape with a central pressure of 1007 mb.The disturbance began moving northwestk,ardwithin the NET at approximately 6 kt (11 km/hr).

At 2155Z on the 3rd, satellite firstfixed the disturbance and estimated the windsto be 20 kt (10 m/see). A circulation centerwas located 1S0 nm (270 km) northwest ofPonape. With the weekend approaching, a for-mation alert was issued on the 4th as satel-lite and synoptic data indicated a strengthen-ing surface circulation. AiTCTaft reconnais-sance the next day found a central pressureof 1007 mb and estimated a maximum surfacewind of 20 kt (10 m/see). As the disturbancecontinued northwestward toward a broad, rela-tive weakness in the strong mid-troposphericsubtropical ridge, synoptic and satellite datastill indicated no significant development.Potential for”development remained fair togood and the formation alert was thereforeextended for 24 hours. A second aircraftinvestigation on the 6th fixed the system witha 1004 mb central pressure and maximum surfacewinds of about 25 kt (13 m/see). Kim’s firstwarning as TD 19 was issued at 06002 on the6th. The system was upgraded to TropicalStorm Kim just 12 hours later.

Kim next turned toward Guam at a speed ofalwroximately 10 kt (19 km/hr). Slow intensi-fication occurred during the next 48 hours dueto the dominating presence of the strong sub-tropical Tidge to the north. A short wavetrough in the upper tropospheric westerliesalso hampered rapid devq$opment by restrictingoutflow to the north of Kim. However, afterthe trough passed by, outflow aloft steadilystrengthened. A deepening long wave troughover eastern Asia was now beginning to weakenthe subtropical ridge which was previouslysuppressing Kimvs low level development.satellite data at 0802042 Indicated increasedorganization (Fig. 4-23). Kim began intensi-fying at the rate of 30 kt (15 m/see) in 24hours and the central pressure dropped 22 mbin a 24 hour period.

Kim passed directly over Guam on 8November between 102OZ and 1235Z approachingGuam from the east-southeast, moving westwardover the island, and exiting toward the west-northwest. The eye entered with a circulaTconfiguration and exited with an ellipticalconfiguration. Figure 4-24 depicts eye pas-sage as seen by radaT while Figure 4-25 dis-plays the baTograph trace recorded at AndersenAFB, Guam. The duration of the eye passage oveTthe island lasted up to 1 hour and 10 minutesnear the center of the storm track. The peakgust recorded was 77 kt (40 mlsec) on NimitzHill. The greatest damage was in the south-ern end of the island where 22 homes weredamaged OT destToyed (Figs. 4-26 and 4-27).Fortunately, no lives were lost on Guam.

FIGURE 4-2?. % at 50 kt (26 m/bee] .inten&i,Qi,hap-.&f@intatiidying,and heading~otGuam,8 Novembm1977, 02042. (lNSP-Onaguy]

FIGURE 4-24. A.iAlUefttheJLStivic12m7doA WeA-onad Kim at 60 I&t (31 m/Aec] .i.n.tw&LtywLth -the cye OVVLGuamp g Novembw 1977,appnox.i.m~ 11302. [Photo-g~ph COW@My 0~ Pet 2, VMOg, Andouw AFE,Guam.]

IP$”f->-“,-~;~~” . .—* i

FIGURE 4-25.AndtvuenAFB,Cente.1pabheiiAndat.6enAFB.

42

.

...

FIGURE4-!26.Kim’b ntig typhoonA.tJCEVIgfiwind bat-twuzd .th~expobed, cooA.td v.LL.Lagco{ Umalac. (Photo-;jph)cotieby 06 P. J. Ryan06 the Pac.L~Lcvaily

FIGURE 4-27. AUhou.@ damagew &Ligkton mob.to~ the .&Land, Umatac V~ge onthe bou,thuwl coa&t did no-t&Me AO wet?.L(Photograph cowtug o{ P. J. Ryan o{the Paci~~c Zhi.LyNeuM.1

43

Kim was upgraded to typhoon strength at2200 local on the 8th just after exitingGuam. For the next 48 hours the storm con-tinued to intensify. The subtropical ridgecontinued to slowly weaken throughout thisperiod, but it maintained sufficient strengthto steer Kim in a west-northwestward direc-tion. Moving at approximately 1S kt (28 km/hr), Kim advanced toward another weakness inthe ridge located between two subtropicalhigh pressure cells. As the troposphericsteering flow weakened, forward speed de-creased and intensification increased. WhenKim was nearest this weakness within theridge, she attained a speed minimum, 5 kt (9km/hr), and an intensity maximum of 125 kt(64 m/see) (Fig. 4-28).

Kim now took on a more westward track asshe came under the influence of the next sub-tropical high cell. Kim was also graduallyapproaching a deep, quasi-stationary, uppertropospheric trough over Asia. This troughproduced strong southwesterly flow whichbegan to restrict outflow ahead of Kim Te-sulting in decreasing intensity. At the sametime , a deepening low cell in the TropicalUpper Tropospheric Trough (TUTT) was slowlyapproaching Kim from the east. This low celleventually came in position to enhance upperlevel outflow. A secondary maximum inten-sity, 120 kt [62 m/see), was achieved fromthis interaction.

Kim was soon headed straight for centralLuzon (Fig. 4-29). Landfall occurred on the13th causing extensive damage on the coast-line with winds of 115 kt (59 m/see). Thestorm passed about 35 nm (65 km) north ofManila and 5 nm (9 km) south of Clark AB.

The typhoon exited into the South ChinaSea 7 hours after landfall with an intensityof 65 kt (33 m/see). This amount of weaken-ing is in good agreement with the latestclimatological studies of intense typhoonscrossing Luzon. Even though the South ChinaSea still had warm sea surface temperatures,Kim never reintensified due to strong, coolnortheast monsoon flow entraining into thestorm environment. By this time the mid-latitude westerlies had sufficiently weakenedthe subtropical ridge which separated Kimfrom the westerlies. Rapidly decelerating,Kim turned northward in response to thesteady southwesterly steering flow beingproduced by an approaching upper tropospherictrough. Increased upper level shearing beganthe storm’s extratropical transformation.Turning northward, Kim entered deeper west-erly flow and was accelerated northeastwardthrough the Bashi Channel. Kim became anextratropical system by 00002 on the 17thand merged with a weak frontal system east ofTaiwan.

Kim was a long-lived storm with 44 warn-ings issued during a 12 day period. Guamsustained moderate property damage when Kimcrossed the island as a strong tropicalstorm. Luzon, however, reported 5S drowningsdue to widespread flooding. In Manila, afire in a hotel, caused by a lighted candle,during the height of the storm resulted in 47deaths. Minor damage occurred at Clark ABwith a roof blown from a school building andfalling trees causing other damage. One shipwas reported sunk while another went agroundas Kim exited into the South China Sea.

.. . .

FIGURE 4-2g. ln@#w_d pho.togmzpho~ TyphoonKim utpdz intetitiyo~ 125k.f[64mfhecl,10 Novembti1977,21452. [Omplmugw)

F7GURE4-29. ln&uuwd pho.togmphod TyphoonKim with110 kt [57m/bee)wind about20 how behohe Lund@?.Lon the PhilXpp&e lUandA, 12Nouemb~ 1977,22552.[tXLSPimaguyl

44

.5

Lucy, the 10th typhoon, was in most re-spects a typical winte> season storm. De ve 1-opment was difficult and near the equatorwhile recurvature occurred at a low latitude.An unusual event happened during the devel-opment stage when the system divided intotwo disturbances and then recombined 2 dayslater.

As with the previous typ”:oon(Kim),LUCY’S birth was a “double vortice” develop-ment pattern discussed by many authors. Theearliest accounts of tropical storms Occur-ring simultaneously on both sides of theequator are described in a book “The Law ofStorms” by Reid (1849). In this particularcase the tropical cyclone in the SouthernHemisphere near equatorial trough (NET) de-veloped first and was well on its way tomaturity before Lucy formed in the NorthernHemisphere NET. The expanding circulationabout the Southern Hemisphere TC 24-77(Steve) strengthened the westerly flow alongthe equator increasing the horizontal shearalong the Northern Hemisphere NET aiding thedevelopment of Lucy (Fig. 4-30). On the26th, 33 kt (17 m/see) gradient level windswere observed at TaraWa (WMO 91610), anisland about 75 nm (139 km) north of theequator. Westerlies extended above 500 mband created an extensive horizontal windshear trough north of the equatoi-. Enoughcyclonic spin was imparted over the MarshallIsland area that the nearby preexisting dis-turbance began to develop. All factors forfurther development were present therefore,at 2706002 a Tropical Cyclone FormationAlert was issued.

A large mid-tropospheric anticyclonedominated the subtropical western Pacific andconcentrated strong trade winds north of thedepression. The system soon began acceler-ating westward as it neared the anticyclonefssouthern domain. Synoptic data indicated an~ncrease in circulation size and satelliteImagery showed better organization. Weather

LUCY

reconnaissance aircraft were sent in toinvestigate further. Early on the 28th air-craft found a 997 mb surface pressure centerwith 30 kt (1S m/see) surface winds and 45 kt(23 m/see) flight level winds at 1500 ft (457m). JTWC thus issued their first warning onTD 20 at 280600Z. Six hours later thedepression crossed the southern coast ofPonape (WMO 91348) with only 10 kt (5 m/see)sustained and 25 kt (13 m/see.)gusts re-ported. These unexpectedly weak surfacewinds supported prior aircraft reports whichobserved maximum winds at flight level.,notsurface.

On the 29th TD 20 split into two distur-bances. One went northwestward and the otherwest-southwest around the Truk Islands (Fig.4-31). This split occurred when increasingamplitudes in the mid-latitude long wavepatterns strengthened the subtropical, mid-tropospheric anticyclone which was positionednorth of TD 20. The pressure gradient be-tween TD 20 and the high pressure cell gener-ated 45 kt (23 m/see) easterly flow a-t500mb. The resulting intense, horizontal shearproduced enough vorticity to induce a second-ary circulation system just north of TD 20.AS they separated, both systems weakened astheir energy sources also became divided.

Because the northern system was gener-ated in the mid-troposphere, it was reflectedon the surface only as a weak depression.Infrared satellite imagery identified thenorthern split as having more activity athigher levels. Aircraft and synoptic dataindicated better organization in the southernsplit. The northern system reached a maximumforward speed of 20 kt (37 km/hr) as the pres-sure gradient peaked. This rapid movement

FIGURE 4-30. “DoubleVomX.icti”. lucyiA &een in hendonmuXiue ~tage.Lnthe No&w {([email protected] MajwcowhileTC 24-77[Steve}A neahm- in We Sodhm Htiphwe NET, 25 Nouembti1977,21182. [NOAA-5 .lmgatq)

FIGURE 4-31. Lucydmi.ngan unu.mal@i-t con~igu-tion whileovmthe CtioLi.ne1&2wuiA,29 Novembm1977,21252. (vmPiJnagvLg)

46

placed the secondary disturbance well aheadof TD 20’s primary circulation. As the dualsystem moved westward away from the dominat-ing influence of the subtropical high, hori-zontal shear and induced vorticity diminished.This resulted in the northern system’s decel-eration and dissipation. The southern,primary, system soon caught up to and absorbedthe remnants of the northern system 100 nm(185 km) northwest of Woleai Atoll. ~y 0000Zon the 1st of December, TD 20 was again asingle system with the same intensity as itk~asbefore the split.

TD 20 now began heading northwestwardaround the soutk,westernperiphery of thesteering anticyclone toward a break in thesubtropical rid~e. Deceleration and intensi-fication progressed for the next Z days. TD20 became Tropical Storm Lucy at O1O6OOZ.Aircraft data, however, still indicated thatthe storm was best developed in the middlelayers. This was again evidenced when LUCYpassed 25 nm (46 km) northwest of Yap (WMO91413) which only experienced 15 kt (8 m/see)sustained surface winds and a sea-level pres-sure minimum of 1001 mb.

Continuing northwestward, Lucy appearedto be heading for a recurvature path. An in-tense, short-wave trough was passing north ofLucy, with an apparent weakening in the sub-tropical ridge. But the trough quicklypassed, trailing a migratory anticyclone be-~~a~kand Lucy again took a more westward

Now headed for the Republic of thePhilippines, Lucy attained typhoon intensityat 0206002 and continued to deepen. Synopticand satellite data showed excellent upper

level divergence in all quadrants. Aircraftreconnaissance began reporting maximum windsnearer the surface, indicating better verti-cal development. By this time Lucy attaineda maximum intensification rate of 20 kt (10m/see) per 6 hours and satellite data re-vealed a large, well defined eye (Fig. 4-32).

By the 3rd of December, Lucy was againheading northwestward as a strong westerlytrough began creating another weakness in thesubtropical ridge. In 24 hours the ridgewest of Lucy had completely dissipated.Lucy’s easterly steering currents rapidlyweakened under increasing pressure from theadvancing trough. At 1800Z on the 3rd, a 115kt (59 m/see) maximum intensity was reachedwith a minimum forward speed of 8 kt (15 km/hr). Within the next 12 hours, Lucy recurvedahead of the approaching trough.

The storm soon became completely embed-ded in mid-latitude westerly flow and accel-erated northeastward. Lucy was downgraded totropical storm stage 48 hours after recurva-ture. Upper level vertical shear and lowlevel cool, dry entrainment became the sig-nificant factors for weakening. Lucy waseventually steered into a frontal zone andbecame an extratropical wave within theboundary.

The last warning was issued at 071800Z.Lucy’s extratropical transformation extendedover several days since both polar and trop-ical air flows converged into the system.Lucy traveled eastward as a weak cyclonealong the front and was eventually absorbedinto a large, winter storm system over thecentral Pacificl

FIGURE 4-32. TyphoonLucywith ~5 kl [44M/bCC) &d.5and undckgoingtip.iddupen-ing, 2 Ilecembu 1977, 2215Z.(IMSP lmagtiy)

47

I I t a~-, I , I

—*,

,,

. . .

~ &B 169 170~ ~ ToINTENSITY + +14

23f18Z7

24tOOZ 757

24[062 80 13+

A

+ +135

24112Z 854

2524/182 90

425100Z

12-f-90

24+ 12A

25106Z - 905

25f12Z 758.

11/ + ,;;1

25118Z 65 169

+

~ INTENSITY

720106Z 30

6

3

J. .). .4 4 ...4.. 1.

! TYPHOON MARYf BEST TRACK TC -21

- 20 DEC -03 JAN 1978- MAX SFC WIN. MINIMUM SLP

>“,. .. . .

.q~LAul,*~ “m -1

1

:\\:QJ ~’ “lip-y12p 138

L Q7 , VW, 1 ( 1

.Kk’7- I

+ WoLEfi+

LEGENDM 6 HR BEST TRACK POSITS

A SPEEDB INTENSITYC POSITION AT XX/OOODZ

— TYPHOON--- TRoPICAL STORM● 00 TROPICAL OPPRESSION000 TROPICAL DISTURBANCE+ - + EXTRATROPICAL

++++4$OISSIPATI NG STAGEA FIRST WARNING ISSUEDA LAST WARNING ISSUED

48

MARY

Mary, the llth and final typhoon of theyear moved across the western Pacific for 15days and covered 4002 nm (7445 km), the sec-ond longest storm on record for distancetraveled. On the 19th of December satellitedata detected a tropical disturbance movingslowly east-northeastward near-9N-177E whereweak steering currents existed. Steering wasprimarily influenced by the winter seasonwesterlies, which extended far into the sub-tropics. During the next few hours, satel-lite data indicated slow intensificationwhile a well defined comma shaped cloud ~,asbecoming evident (Fig. 4-33). At 0000Z onthe 20th a formation alert was issued. Upperair data at 500 mb indicated that a strongmid-tropospheric subtropical ridge had formedto the west of the disturbance. At the sametime an intense mid-latitude 500 mb troughwas approaching. The combined effects ofthis trough and a strong anticyclone abovethe storm produced steady upper level diver-gence and created a well defined outflowchannel to the north. Further intensifi-cation appeared likely and the first warningwas issued on TD 21 at 0600Z on the 20th.However, for the next 24 hours, the systembecame quasi-stationary near 1ON-179E as thewesterlies gradually receded northward.During this period the system grew to trop-ical storm strength as GOES imagery indicatedincreased outflow to the north.

Shortly after 1200Z on the 21st, thestorm began to accelerate westward. The 500mb trough to the north had moved eastwardwith a ridge now developing north of Mary.This formation imparted westerly steeringflow south of the ridge axis. Mary respondedand quickly accelerated to 12 kt (22 km/hr).On the 22nd Mary turned toward the west-northwest in response to a shallow mid-lati-tude trough which weakened the subtropical

ridge northwest of the storm. By 00002 onthe 23rd Mary reached typhoon intensity assatellite data indicated continued increasein outflow and formation of an eye. Maryslowed to 8 kt (15 km/hr) and continued mov-ing west-northwest for the next 30 hourswhile intensifying further.

The first aircraft reconnaissance en-tered the storm at 0115Z on the 24th andreported 90 kt (46 m/see) maximum surfacewinds and 75 kt (39 m/see) winds at 700 mb.Satellite data also estimated the stormintensity to be 75 kt (39 m/see). About fivehours later, Mary began to decelerate whileneariug a weakness in the subtropical ridge.Then the storm turned northward and appearedas though recurvature was beginning. How-ever, analysis of 500 mb synoptic data indi-cated the mid-latitude westerlies were againreceding. The subtropical ridge again re-established itself and Mary responded bylooping clockwise and was subsequently in-fluenced by the northerly flow around theeastern edge of a strong, eastward migratinganticyclone. The storm now moved south-southwestward at 5 kt (9 km/hr). Satellitedata (Fig. 4-34) indicated Mary had continuedto intensify and at 0314Z on the 25th air-craft reconnaissance indicated a centralpressure of 947 mb with maximum sustainedsurface winds of 100 kt (51 m/see). Justthree hours later, Utirik Atoll 55 nm (102km) southeast of Mary, recorded winds of 40kt (21 m/see).

Mary soon began to accelerate to 12 kt(22 km/hr) towards the west-southwest alongthe southeastern periphery of the strength-ening subtropical high cell. The resultingsteering flow at mid-levels plus rapid move-ment of the typhoon were expected to weakenMary. By the 26th satellite data indicated

..

FIGURE 4-33.dateu.ne, 19

kkzuj&zing initialdwd.opnentnemthcUecen$wz1977,2110Z. [NOAA-5imagexgl

49

Nary had indeed weakened and Mary was clown-graded to a tropical storm. Aircraft recon-naissance at 03572 on the 26th confirmedcorresponding satellite data when 60 kt (31m/see) surface winds were ‘observed.

As Mary turned westward along the south-ern boundary of the subtropical high cell,the storm accelerated to 19 kt (35 km/hr).By the 28th Mary began moving west-northwest-ward in response to another trough inducedweakness in the subtropical ridge. Maryagain slowed due to the weaker steeringcurrents. Satellite data once again indi-cated intensification (Fig. 4-35). As thetrough moved rapidly eastward, the subtrop-ical ridge again strengthened north of thestorm and Mary turned west-southwestward andbegan to weaken for the second time. Accel-erating steadily Mary attained a 15 kt (28km/hr) forward rsovementan< continued toweaken as development became restricted bythe expanding ridge.

Mary continued her westward movement forthe next several days. Weakening slowly, thestorm was downgraded to a tropical depressionat 00002 on the 1st of January. The systemmaintained 30 kt (15 m/see) winds until mov-ing over the central Philippines near LeyteGulf. Satellite data indicated rapid dis-sipation over land with the final warningissued at 18002 on the 3rd. Mary turnedsharply southward over the Philippines whenthe strong northeast monsoon was encountered,whizh aided rapid dissipation.

Although Mary was not the longest livedstorm on record, the 4002 nm (7445 km) dis-tance traveled was the second longest. Whatis also noteworthy is that no injuries ormajor damage resulted during its long journeyacross the western Pacific. Mary was indeeda fitting end to a most unusual tropicalcyclone year.

F1GU,7E4-35. hkuujat 50 k.t[26mfbecl.intewi.tgandALow&j deepen&g betweenGuamand Thuk,28 Vecembwt1977,21362. [vdsPhagvujl

50

2. NORTH INDIAN OCEAN TROPICAL CYCLONES of Bengal, traversed southern India, regen-erated in the Arabian Sea, looped while reach-

During 1977, there were five tropical ing typhoon strength, then finally dissipatedcyclones in the North Indian Ocean (Table 4- over southwestern India after traveling a6). These occurrences were cIimatologically total of 1387 nm (2570 km).consistent ;

TC 22-77 was thetwo in the spring and three in next and largest cyclone this season. It

the autumn. However, these cyclones persisted became the third and most destructive stormmuch longer and were more intense than normal. to hit India. Because of its strength andTC 21-77, for example, developed in the Bay devastating impact, TC 22-77 is further dis-

cussed in the following individual summary.

TABLE 4-6. FREQUENCY OF NORTH INDIAN OCEAN CYCLONES BY MONTH AND YEAR,

.YEAR* J F M A M J J A s o N o TOTAL

1971 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 2

1972 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 4

1973 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 4

1974 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1

1975 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 6

1976 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 5

1977 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 0 5

AVG 0.1 0 0 0.3 0.4 0.3 0 0 0.4 0.7 1.3 0+3 3.9

*1971-1974 REPRESENT BAY OF BENGAL CYCLONES ONLY

45” =0m 55” 60° 65” 70” ,3.

80° ~ ~.4 90

1 , -,7-, g 5“ ,100°

, ,

NORTH INDIAN OCEAN TROPICAL cycLONEs “ “ “-“”>~ “ ‘1-l-m”

TC 17-77 11 MAY- 13 MAY?

TC 18-77 10JUN - 13 JUN

:;{:? ~’.j :- .>-AL1 ..

+ , TC 19-77 290CT -31 OCT. .. . . . . .. . . . . ..,. TC 21-77 10NOV - 21 NOV

.. . . . .-.. . , . . TC 22-77 15 NOV - 19 NOV

+

“14 --..- -.. . .- -.,

-1

. . .

. . . . .. . . . ,.. . .. . . .

{202

IJ

LEGEND ~

w.“>. . . . . . .7

.(/. . . . . .

7’”’””””

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . .

c---● 00qo~M’**

*

POSITION AT XX/0800 ZTYPHOONTRoPICAL STORMTROPICAL DEPRESSIONTROPICAL 15isTURBANCEEXTRATROPICALDISSIPATING STAGEFIRST WARNING ISSUEDLAST WARNING ISSUED

. . . .. . . .

.i. . .. . . .

A.z<::::-.::::.... .:.. ::::

‘:’‘w’”0°.-.....-............,.,,............,..,,,.,......-.....-.,.........,..,...................

Zu

“(<w “*r&w9 ‘ -

ioi.gJfj-,

‘“l i\31/2oz

, t 21)20Z “y

u.:: J8 .”.’b,<

“% -r. .:

. .

qp + 84 .~7 + ~;.14

:

++ *19● ++

%

,19. +0●

12’+ + + +12’

.214e 00.. o 000,21

+ +00+++o

*17

l%. + ~. + .&

. . . . . . . . ~.

:16;. .

~. .. .. .&-i-. .. .

. .

.I I 1 1 [ , I 1 1

4!+.........,.

< “_~e ●, ~02jQ77

+_<f~- .,— 5°

“15/08z. .. . . . . .

%“’”. . . . ... , . . . .,.. , ,,. \

–+-’+--+-++-++ o“. . . . . . . . .

6.,. . . . . . .,. ,

I I,.. , . . .. . . . ... , ... , 1

.I i , 1 , , , ,~..

45° 5CY 55° 60° 65° 70” 75° 80 85° 95” ’00”

t62 (NEW 2-76)

WILd

w“ 55” 50° 65° 70° ,5080° 85° 90’ 95“1 100”

“\’ “ --“”””- .

. . ..,.

i. . . . ----- . ..P.I

. . . . --,. .

BEST TRACK TC- 22-77’15 NOV -19 NOV 1977. . . . .-.. . .- . .

. . . . .-.. .

. . . . .-,

,.. . . .,. .

. . -.,. . ,,.. .. . . . .

... . .. . . . .

. . ,. . .- . .

w 6 HR BEST TRACK POSITSA SPEEDB INTENSITYC POSITION AT XX/0800 Z

— TYPHOON..-‘-- TROPICAL STORM● 00 TROPICAL DEPRESSION000 TROPICAL DISTURBANCE‘+ + EXTRA TROPICAL

*41..x DISSIPATING STAGE● FIRST WARNING ISSUED~ LAST WARNING IS5UED

1

““-’7”A4r.r’ .

7“”””’”’”’”i , ,

. . . “+””””+””

. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ..,. . ,. .,. . , .,. . . . . . .,. .,, ..!. . - . . . . . . . . . . ,. .,. . ,- ... . ,. -,. . . . -., . . . .,. , . .,, . ,.,

. . .

%:

. . . . .

. . . . . -.. . .- . . . .- .,. . .- -.. . ,- -,, , .- . . . . , . . . . ... . ,.,

,- -.. .

. . . . - .,. . . . . . . . . . . .- ... . ,- -.. , ,- -,. . . . . . ,.. .

,,, . .,. . ,

1 t 1 , , I I I I , I 1 , 1 t , , , , I ,>

50 55” 60° 65” m“ 75° 80’ 8 !5° 90°-5°

95° ‘-00°

ww 7-76)

*

TC

TC 22-77 was the most devastating stormin the Indian Ocean since 1971. It developed115 kt (59 m/see) winds and inundated South-eastern India with heavy rains and high seas.TC 22-77 occurred during the autumn monsoontransition period, when cyclone developmentis most favorable, and became the only stormto attain typhoon strength this season in theBay of Bengal.

Meteorological satellite first locatedTC 22-77 during the morning of the 14th ofNovember as a weak disturbance, approximately150 nm (278 km) southwest of the NicobarIslands. Five hours later new satellite datarevealed better defined banding which indi-cated increased organization. This promptedthe issuance of a formation alert the sameday at 131oz. Heading due west along thesouthern periphery of the mid-troposphericsubtropical ridge, the disturbance quicklyaccelerated to 13 kt (24 km/hr), whilesteadily intensifying. Later satellite andsynoptic data supported a well developedcyclone of about 40 kt (21 m/see). At 0800Zon the 15th the first warning was issued. Apost analysis showed that TC 22-77 was rap-idly developing during this period.

Ever since TC 22-77 was first detected,an upper tropospheric trough was forming overnorthern India. By the 15th this trough wasfirmly established and extended over centralIndia, creating a break in the subtropicalridge. As the cyclone neared India, it beganmoving northwestward toward the trough in-duced break. This break also weakened themid-tropospheric anticyclone and consequentlyreduced the storm’s steering flow, and as aresult, TC 22-77 steadily slowed to a 4 kt

22-77

(7 km/hr) movement. It was now intensifyingat the rate of 30 kt (15 m/see) per 24 hours,primarily in response to the divergent south-westerly flow produced by the upper leveltrough above the approaching cyclone. TC 22-77 attained typhoon strength by the afternoonof the 15th, and by 0629Z on the lfithsatel-lite data revealed an eye.

For the next 2 days, TC 22-77 trackednorth-northwestward at an average speed of 9kt (17 km/hr) while continuing to’strengthen.By the 18th, it began to decelerate and wasintensifying 10 kt (5 m/see) each day.Successive satellite pictures showed tighterbanding features while the eye became moredistinct (Fig. 4-36). Approximately 75 nm(140 km) from the Indian coast, TC 22-77reached a maximum intensity of 115 kt (59 m/see). Just prior to landfall, TC 22-77accelerated to 9 kt (17 km/hr) toward thenorth-northwest. At 11OOZ on the 19th, thestorm struck with sustained winds of 105 kt(54 m/see) and an 18 ft (5.5 m) tidal wavealong the coast of Andhra Pradesh about 40nm (7S km) south of Vijayawada (WMO 43181).TC 22-77 then turned northward over flatfarm lands while weakening slowly, and thefinal warning was issued at 2000Z on the19th.

The combined winds seas and rainsgenerated by TC 22-77 k~lled nearly 10,000people, left hundreds of thousands homelessand devastated lands that produce roughly 40per cent of India’s food grains. The tidalwave was probably the single most destruc-tive force accompanying the storm. It pene-trated 10 nm (19 km) inland and washed awaymore than 21 villages.

FIGURE 4-36. [email protected] photog~h 06 TC 22-77 a.tnttti .&&J&@o{ 115 b (59 m/&c), 18 Novembti1977,161gZ. In the Ah&tan SWTC 21-77mi.th65 U [33m/Aec)mi.ndacompletinga Loop be~ot.eh.l%i~bOIL#lWbtCA.kl hldiA. [NOAA-5inkzgemy&wm FLE(LJEAFACSuixland,Mv)

54

3. CENTRAL NORTH PACIFIC TROPICAL CYCLONES

No tropical cyclones developed over the

central North Pacific during 1977 (Table 4-7).

TABLE 4-7. FREQUENCY OF CENTRAL PACIFIC STORMS BY MONTH ANOYEAR. (NUMBER IN PARENTHESIS INDICATE STORMSREACHING HURRICANE INTENSITY)

JAN- NOV-JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT DEC

1967 0 ! 0 0 0 1 0f

196B 0 0 2 0 0 0

1969 0 0 0 0 0 0

1970 0 0 1 0 0 0

1971 0 1 (1) 1 0 0 0

1972 0 0 3 (1) 1 0 0

1973 0 1 (1) o 0 0 0

1974 0 0 2 (1) o 0 0

1975 0 0 0 0 0 0

1976 0 0 0 1 (1) o 0

1977 0 0 0 0 0 0

AVERAGE o .2(.2) .8(.2) .2(.1) .1 0

55

CHAPTER V - SUMMARY OF FORECAST VERIFICATION DATA

1. ANNUAL FORECAST VERIFICATION previous years. This same information isdepicted graphically in Figure 5-1. A compu-

a. POSITION FORECAST VERIFICATION tation of closest distance to the best track(right angle error) is also calculated.

Forecast positions at initial warn-ing times and those at 24-, 48-, and 72-hourtimes are verified against the best track.Positions for dissipated or extrapolatedstorms are not verified. In addition to theoverall verifications depicted $n Table 5-1,a separate verification for only Pacific Areatyphoons is computed. This information islisted in Table 5-2, for comparison with

Right angie error, -graphically depicted inFigure 5-2, is a measure of ability to fore-cast the path of motion without regard tospeed. In the Indian Ocean Area, no 72-hourforecasts are available for verification,and no attempt is made to segregate stormsby intensity. Error statistics for thisarea are summarized in Tables 5-2 and 5-3and Figure 5-3.

TJJLE 5-1. JTuC AmmAL AvESME msrno?+ ms3m.sr~ORFORTROPICA1. CYCWNS2

195G-58195919601961196219631964196519661967196819691970197119721973197419?519761977

175sTsm~

170●117

177136144127133151136125105111

9899

116102116129117lAO

Nom’sPACIFIC**w-m 12-7m

-— ---●267 ---

354 ---214 ---287 476246 374286 629303 L18280 432276 416229 337237 349181 272203 30826.5 382193 245218 351279 442232 336266 390

—.———-———.—-—--——-——-220193203137145138122

—--—---.-.—.---—-------—--.---410233305238228204292

●FOF.ECASTFOS1TIONS 7/ORTS OF 35% 712W NUI V2R1P12Q.-FOR 2TPHCF3NSOm.Y lmlLE WINDS ~ 35 YflOTS**~971-1974 mzs NOT nicLmm AW.BIAN Sm

TABLE 5-2. 1977 JTUC ERROR SUMMARY FOR THE WESTE82!NORTHPACIFIC

WARNING 24 HOOR 4a HOUR 72 HOUR

POSIT RT ANGLE # FcST RT ANGLE .? FCST RT ANGLE 4 FCST RT ANGLE #

CYCLONE ERRORSRROR UR2/GS m ERROR a U ERROR = a ERROR _

1. TS PATSY 55 36 25 108 77 17 84 56 9 163 127 9

2. 2’0 02 20 10 6 167 13 2

3. ‘2s RIY2H 19 16 14 92 72 10 298 177 6 884 447 2

4. ’20 04 46 31 6 211 70 2

5. R SA8AH 22 12 21 119 70 17 121 83 13 129 94 8

6. TY THSLMA 16 9 21 97 58 17 200 134 13 255 157 9

7. TrVsRA 1.4 8 18 121 72 14 174 123 10 180 162 6

8. TS WANOA 27 17 17 129 84 13 278 163 9 446 235 5

9. TS AMY 38 19 16 201 51 12 446 145 8 755 285 3

10. STY 8ASE 17 11 36 144 95 32 279 192 28 458 324 23

11. m CARLA 53 26 9 112 46 5 274 33 1

12. TY DINAN 19 13 38 159 106 34 396 254 30 613 398 25

13. TS ElOiA 32 16 21 200 105 17 365 146 13 431 185 8

14. TS FREDA 26 lb 9 220 82 5 454 146 1

15. TY GILDA 39 22 30 130 58 26 198 86 22 295 139 18

16. TS WIm 26 13 19 198 121 15 376 197 11 757 375 ?

17. TT IVY 40 22 24 186 ’77 20 330 167 16 408 241 12

18. TX JEAN 27 14 20 239 144 14 489 288 8 1007 775 1

19. TY KIM 16 10 44 111 57 40 239 129 36 327 186 32

20. TY LUCY 33 18 39 178 97 34 330 172 30 543 255 27

21. ‘TY NARY 36 23 59 135 86 55 256 140 47 299 132 33

ALL FORECASTS 29 17 492 148 83 401 283 157 311 407 228 228

TYPHOONS ONLY* 22 14 301 140 80 23’3 266 156 232 390 232 180

*wHILE WINOS OVSR 35 KNOTS

56

450

yy NN

72 nr

150

100

50

19:

20C

150

100

50

i960616263646566 6768697071727374 75767778

FIGURE 5-1. Mean vaZok mo?t hoh .tke Pati&c k?a.

‘4M NM

A L2s6!50

too,94

1s0

,33

00 100

24HRm 71 75

M50 50

01966 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77

0

FIGURE 5-2. Ak?anzi& angtemot hoh the Paci&c AJLeu.

57

INDIAN OCEAN FORECAST ERRORS~.-.-— t,, t

,II

, ,

0, ,

300~

,0

,

t,

,

$2’ (4, ,4’ (,I 16) (5) (s1Arobmn kc no, md.ded ~rmr t. 1975

numbti Od &tQfuo4 ( ).

,TARL2 5-3. 1977 JTWC ERRORSUMMARYFOR TR’SNORTR INDIAN OCEAN

WARNINGS 24 HOUR 48 HOURPOSIT RT ANGLE # FCST RT ANGLE # PCST RT ANGLE #

ERROR EFRDR ~GS ERROR ERROR WRNGS ERROR ESROR WRNGS

TC 17-77 3J 31 4 127 122 2 —. —- —-TC 18-77 21 21 6 92 85 4 270 250 2‘N 19-77 45 44 5 77 73 3 122 68 1TC 21-77 41 29 19 153 108 15 371 250 11TC 22-77 30 29 10 96 74 8 182 161 6

ALL 35 30 44 122 94 32 292 214 20

b. INTENSITY FORECAST VERIFICATION lite analysis techniques have resulted in alow initial position intensity error (4.8 kt)

Intensity verification statisticsfor tropical cyclones attaining typhoon

over the past four seasons. This in turn hascontributed to smaller 24-, 48-, and 72-hour

intensity are depicted in Table 5-4. Adher- intensity forecast deviations from the JTWCence to a standardized pressure-height versus best track.wind speed relationship and improved satel- .

rARu 5-4. .73WCAN30JALAVRIUGS INTRNEIT2 PORRCAST SNNOR

U2S3’ESN NOM’S PACIFIC* 2N03AN ocuw*

wmG I?AP.N2NGPOSITION 24-RR 4S+S 72-n POsrum? 24-RR .4s-ss— . — —.

1971 7 16 21 24 -— —

1972 9 14 20 24 13 15 12

1973 7 16 20 28 a 15 20

197’4 4 11 15 20 0 8 1s1975 4 13 18 20 7 14 1s1976 5 12 19 22 5 10 15

1977 6 13 20 23 5 8 23

AVSSAGS 6 14 19 23 6 12 18

*FOP. rrPEw3!ss ONLY●*1971-1974 DOES NOT IN-E ARASIAN s~

58

2. COMPARISON OF OBJECTIVE TECHNIQUES

a. GENERAL

Objective techniques have beenverified annually since 1967, however, year-to-year modifications and improvementsprevent any long term comparisons of thevarious techniques. The analog techniqueprovides three movement forecasts, one forstraight moving storms, one for recurvingstorms and one combining the tracks ofstraight, recurving and other storms that donot meet the criteria as straight or recurvinganalogs. However, only the combined is listedfor verification. The analog technique alsoprovides an intensity forecast for each warn-ing position. The dynamic objective techniqueemploys the steering concept of a point vortexin a smoothed large-scale flow field. A newtechnique, the tropical cyclone model exe-cutes basic equationi of motion, computesstreamfunctions and displays the location ofminimum streamfunction center every six hoursto 72 hours. An intensity forecast scheme isbased on statistical regression equations ofanalog storms.

b. DESCRIPTION OF OBJECTIVE TECHNIQUES

(1) TYFN75-Analog program which scanshistory tapes for storms similar (within aspecified .acceptance envelope) to the instantstorm. Three 24-, 48-, and 72-hour forecastsare provided. In addition, 24-, 48-, and 72-hour intensity foTecasts are provided.

(2) MOHATT 700/500-Steering pTogramwhich advects a point vortex on a preselectedanalysis or smoothed prognostic fields at thedesignated upper-levels in 6-hour time stepsthrough 72 hours. Utilizing the previous 12-hour history position, MOHATT computes the12-hour forecast error and applies a biascorrection to the forecast position.

(3) TCM-Tropical Cyclone ForecastModel is coarse mesh (220 km), with thedigitized storm warning position bogused at850 mb level of FNWC Global Band Analysisutilizing wind and temperature fields.Boundary conditions permit no mass transferacross north or south walls, and east/westboundaries are cyclical.

[4) FCSTINT-Intensity forecast pro-gram which utilizes statistical regressionequations to provide 24-, 48-, and 72-hourforecast intensities.

(5) 12-HR EXTRAPOLATION-A trackthrough current warning position and 12-hourold preliminary best tTack position islinearly extrapolated to 24 and 48 hours.

(6] HPAC-Mean 24 and 48 hour fore-cast positions are derived by averaging the24 and 48 hour positions from the 12-HREXTRAPOLATION track and a track based onclimatology.

(7) INJAH74-Analog program for NorthIndian Ocean. Similar to TYFN75, excepttracks are not segregated.

c. TESTING AND RESULTS

It is of interest to compare theperformance of the objective techniques toeach otheT and to the official forecast aswell. This information is listed in Table5-5 foT Pacific typhoons only and in Table5-6 for all Pacific forecasts.

In these tables “X-AXIS” refers tothe techniques listed horizontally across thetop, while “Y-AXIS refers to those listedvertically. As a matter of explanation, theexample shown in Table 5-5 compares TYFC toTCM. In the 75 cases available for compari-son, the average 24 houT vector error for TYFCwas 136 nm, while that for TCN was 128 nm.The difference of 8 nm is shown in the lowerTight.

Figure 5-4 compares JTWC intensity fore-cast enors with the objective techniqueforecast errors. Only TYFC (TYFN75 combinedanalog) and FCSTINT intensity forecasts wereverified this season. All forecasts wereverified against JTWC best track intensities.The number of cases verified were:

FORECAST 24HR 48HR 72HR

JTWC 401 311 228FCSTINT 312 246 182TYFC 293 234 172

Statistics are only available for the Pacificarea.

KTS

33 FCSTINT

30 28 <<%’’”,*

.“$Z.* #.0●“/’

20 1?..”,/

,0’16

10

0HRS 24 48 72

FIGURE 5-4. cO&bOn 06htc?tl.bitlj 60fiW.6& W40&4

~otfhe [email protected].

59

24-HOUR

~ =~~= ~~

JTWC 303 164

144 0

XmP 289 163r-------- -------- q

289 149 INUMBER F X-AXISlf19 6 149 0 I OF 1

: f..~~ 1TECHNIQUE I

HPAC 278 1421

ERROR ~278 147 278 141

141 -o:------+ ---------

141 -6 141 0 :I y-~~s I

TCM 88 1381 ERROR

86 137 83 132 38 132 :TECHNIQUE DIFFERENCE;132 -6 132 -5 129 -3 132 0 1 ERROR ; Y-x I

F-*---------*----.--4---------4

=FC 246 145 244 152 240 143 1 751128i 246 147147 2 147 -5 147 4 ~~6~-%~ 147 0- --

i-Di70 222 141 220 lkk 214 136 72 127 197 141 222 162162 21 161 17 160 25 146 19 160 19 162 0

MH50 189 142 187 146 182 136 67 127 168 142 189 159 189 154154 12 154 8 154 18 144 17 158 16 154 -5 154 0

7

48-HOUR

JTWC XTRP RPAC ml.!—— __ TYFC MH70 MR50—.

JTwC 253 275 ,----------------------- --=275 0 IJTWC-OFFICIALJTWC SUBJECTIVE FOF.ECASTI

1XTRP-12-HOUREXTRAPOLATION IXTRP 242 274 242 306 :HPAc-IOL4NOF XTRP AND CLIMATOLOGY I

306 33 306 0 1TTFC-TYPN75 (wRIGHTEDCLIMO) COMEINED :IMX70-MOHATT 700-h71PROG 1

3fPAC 23h 270 234 302 234 265 ~~504f3RA~ 5(30-~ p~oG I

265 -6 265 -38 265 01

ITCM-TROPICALCYCLONE MODEL Ib--------------------------

TCM 6h 304 63 317 62 280 64 255255 -49 257 -60 256 -25 255 0

TYFC 207 277 206 316 204 264 56 245 207 261261 -16 261 -55 258 -6 278 33 261 0

l’!3170 188 274 187 297 182 253 52 236 168 246 188 337337 63 337 40 335 82 321 86 329 82 337 0

M3150 158 276 157 300 152 253 49 235 142 245 158 333 158 322322 46 322 22 321 68 335 100 324 79 322 -11 322 0

72-HOUR

JIwC TCM m MH70 K850—— —— —

JTwc 194 393

393 0

TCM 38 509 38 454

454 -56 454 0

TYFC 161 395 36 462 162 362363 32 445 -16 362 0

MR70 137 402 31429 128 364 142 564561 160 557 128 561 197 564 0

MH50 121 40? 29 443 111 364 124 543 126 520

525 119 594 151 527 163 520-24 520 0

TABLE 5-6. 1977 OBJECTIVS TECHNIQUES FOR ALL WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC FORECASTS

24-HOUR

JTWC XTRF ~~ =.—

.7Wc .401148148 0

XTRF 381 148 381 155155 8 155 0

HPAC .366146 366 154 366 149149 3 149 5 149 0

TCM 99 135 97 136 93 134138 3 139 3 137 3

TYFc 317 152 315 160 310 151157 5 157 2 157 6

nw70 287 145 283 152 277 146167 22 166 15 166 20

hmso 245 146 241 154 236 i46163 17 162 8 163 17

99 138138 0

32 134 317 157138 4 157 0

78 138 252 152148 11 168 16

73 134 217 152144 10 157 15

Im70 MH50—.

287 167167 0

243 167 245 163164 -3 163 0

48-HOUR

JTWC E ~~m ~ ~

JTwC 311 283 ----------------------------- I283 0 :J1.wc.oFF1c~ J~c SUBJEC~l~ Fow~T ,

IXTRP-12-HOUR EXTWIOLATION I

XTRP 297 282 297 318 IHPAC-MEAN OF XTRP AND CLIMATOLOGY I

318 36 318 0 :~FC-~~-~~75 (wsl~T~ ~IMo) coM81N~ :

1IIH70-MOHATT700-K8 PROG I

HPAC 288 278 288 314 288 276 IM3150-MOHATT500-M8 PROC 1

276 -2I

276 -38 276 0 IT~-TROPICAL CYCLONE W3DELL ---------------- J

TCM 70 290 69 307 68 275 70 262262 -27 264 -43 263 -12 262 0

TYFC 251 286 250 326 248 277 60 251 251 28028o -6 280 -46 278 1 274 23 280 0

MH70 231 288 229 318 224 276 55 249 204 275 231 352352 64 352 34 351 76 327 77 348 73 352 0

MH50 196 290 194 323 189 277 58 247 176 276 194 353341 51 340 17

196 341340 63 336 89 342 66 343 -lo 341 0

~

JTWC 228 407407 0

TCM 39 505450-56

TYPc 184 412392 -20

MM70 156 421580 159

mli50 138 424555 131

72-HOUR

39 450450 0

37 451 185 391448 -9 391 0

32 425 146 394 162 583548 123 576 181 583 0

30 439 127 397 142 569 144 551590 151 553 156 551-18 551 0

.

61

3. EVALUATION OF THE TROPICAL CYCLONEMODEL (TCM)

a. BACKGROUND

A primitive equation tropical cycloneforecast model based on original work byHarrison and Elsberry and developed by theNaval Environmental Prediction ResearchFacility and Fleet Numerical Weather Central(FNWC) was introduced for testing during the1976 tropical cyclone season. The model is afour level, coarse mesh (horizontal gridincrement nominally 200 km), limited area(28 grid points east-west, 20 grid pointsnorth-south) , five parameter model with cy-clical boundary conditions on the longitu-dinal boundaries and no-flux conditions onthe latitudinal boundaries. Initial condi-tions are provided by the FNWC Global BandNVA model. No interaction with large scalemodels occurs during the forecast period. InAugust 1977, a “bias input vector” based onJTWC’S 12 hour direction and speed of move-ment forecast was incorporated in an effortto improve initial movement accuracy.

During 1977, the TCM was operable usingthe 0000Z or 1200Z data bases when tropicalcyclone intensity was 50 kts or greater. Theofficial 00002 and 1200Z JTWC warning posi-tions were used in the initialization of theTCM. Final TCM output was received at JTWCapproximately 10 1/2 hours after data basetime.

b. COMPARISON OF TCM TO BEST TRACK

Table 5-7 summarizes the mean vectorerrors of the TCM 24, 48 and 72 hour forecastpositions as compared to corresponding besttrack positions. Sample size was limited byseveral factors including:

1. TCM was run no more than twice dailyand only when tropical cyclone intensity wasgreater than or equal to 50 kt.

2. A low number of storms occurred inWESTF’ACduring 1977.

3. TCM was often unable to track astorm to 72 hours, therefore output was notcomplete. Reasons included model boundarylimitations and loss of clear definition ofcenter location with time.

c. TCM VERSUS JTWC

Analysis of the mean vector errors ofthe 1977 tropical cyclone forecasts revealedthat the TCM forecasts beyond 24 hours sig-nificantly improved upon the official JTWCforecast used in the model initialization,This is depicted in Figure 5-5 (TCM vs. JTWC,same warning time).

The TCM had an advantage over the JTWCforecast for the same warning time. It usedthe JTWC forecast for initialization, thenadded the synoptic data (OOOOZ or 1200Z)analysis which was unavailable to JTWC fore-casters prior to warning issuance.

A similar comparison was made betweenthe TCM forecasts and the official JTWC warn-ing produced after receipt of the TCM outputat JTwC. Both forecasts had access to thesame data base. JTWC also had the TCM out-put, recent fix data and other aids. Figure5-S portrays the JTWC forecast significantlyimproving on the TCM (same data base).

In the latter comparison, a JTWC OOOOZ +24 hour forecast was matched against thecorresponding TCM 1200Z + 36 hour forecast; aJTWC 0000Z + 48 hour forecast was matchedagainst the corresponding TCM 1200Z + 60 hourforecast. A match was not possible for theJTWC 72 hour forecast since the TCM did notprovide output beyond 72 hours.

The sample size was insufficient todetermine how well the TCM forecast erraticmovement or recurvature versus nonrecurvature.

d. CONCLUSION

It appears that use of the TCM as an aidto the official JTWC forecast will improvethe forecast. More stringent testing isplanned for the 1978 tropical cyclone season.

TARLE 5-7. 1977 TCW 24, 48, ANO 72 HOUR FORECAST MEANVECTOR ERRORS

24 RR 48 HR 72 HR

ALL TROPICAL 138 NM 262 NM 450 NWCYCLONES

NO. OF CASES 99 70 39

TYPHOONSONLY 132NM 255NM 454NM

NO. OF CASES 88 64 38

62

60

TCM W JTWC

I ~{f[ft. SAME DATA BASE

~NE SAME WARNING TIME

L.--=-./—,F

,@

,/’/.+ *“

//Z--(;O)27#

4....””””’”0”””’---iiS-- (88)6 -<+

, ~__------------__.G;::” ““JTWC

-20

-40■ “.; . . . . . . . . . . . . . *-----

-60

(88)-46

(#)hdkdesnumber of cases

HOURS 24 48 72

FIGURE 5-5. Compati.bon06 po&L.tLondohecabt em.oti bu’ween the TCM and JTOIC. The TCM h comptied twve XO JTWCwhich A Wphuen.ted bg the zuo nauticalmiletine. Compm&oti me, ~hown~oxtyphooiu (TY) and a.fU tzopicdcydom (ALL). (PotAr.%e Y-ad va.tutu.in&mte TC/.l.i.qmo.u JTUC dokec~ti. 1

. $.

4. PACIFIC AREA TROPICAL STORM AND’ DEPRESSION DATA

TROPICAL STORt4 PATSY

06002 23 MAR TO 00002 31 MAR

msr TiaC~ NARNIN[; 2* HIBIIH k EN2ECA51 4U H(JUH FW4LC&ST (c duud FOUELA5 1

Pusl I uINU3.3N 164.2=5 3U4.1 N 1b4.2E 304.ON lb5. OL 30

3.5N 165.2t 253.2N lb5.2L 203.IN 165.2E 153.ON 165.2E 15

2.9~! lb5.1 E 15

3.*N IbI.2E3.9N 160.6L fi4.4N 160. OE 455.2N 159.4 E- 50

P13s Ir #lrN)Z.RN 164. tEE 253.2N 163*7E 2S3.bN 16209E 25

ERKOkS liduuls EnlaJlt5 ERI?CNISuSI’ IWINU POS11 w lNO usr .IIWU Pu>l I *IWO

47 -5 3.5N 10J. uE -. --

-5

---- ---o-

1:! -5

Usl132as351

144

uINLJ15

1515

10----.-

Posi r uIND---- :---- --

---- ----- ----;- ----- --

Usl wIN, ).- .-23u600Z

231200Z231 BOOZ

~.7N lho. lE5.IN 159. fE

5.2Fi le..+E-

---- --------- --------- -----

---- ---.-

5.lN 15*. YES.lN Iw.$t5.7N 157.3E6.IN 156. lE

7.3N 156. *E1.8N 155. >L13.6N 155. eE9,1N 15+. (3E

8.EIN 153. SE9.IN 152. dE9.9N 151.3E

10.9N 150.’JE

10.7N 150. IE---- --------- ---$----- ---, -

---- ---.-

--.-

.-

. ..- .-.- --

laY 0

------------- -----

6.*N lbU. dt

H.l N iE12.8EH.LN !62.9iH.<r4 lb,?.9k

---- ---m-

7.ZN +35.9L7.1 N 154.4t8.IN !51. MER.*N 151.3:

0.2N !51.0~---- --------- --------- -----

---- --------- --------- --------- -----

---- ---, ---, - --------- --------- -----

---- -----

240UOOL24ubooz241200Z241800Z

3.8N 165:ZE 25

.3.9N 164. $3E 3)3.’W 164.9E 30*.ON 164.9E 32)

4.2N 164.9E 2S

3.5N 161:5E 303.9N 160.5E 31]4.2N 159.8E 304.6P4 159.3E 30

18 048 1051 15b? !5

79 10

19 -5b -10

17 -153b -20

36 018 536 iU,+1 10

6 ZU6 10

117 is1(3+ 15

!+6 151U9 10

82 1572 i5

148 10

---- ----- -.---- ----- -.---- ----- -.--:- ----- -.

.--.. .--

.---.---

-- 2532do -:.??4 -lU

-.-- -. *U

. .

5U5055eu

7(I---.--

-.

25u OOOZ ---- ----- ---- . . -.270000L2? II’5UOL271200Z271800Z

HI796154

6

173867

-10-5

05

b.2N 157,9E 65C.~2N lL!b.5E ●57.1 N 154.4E ●57~4N ~5s.9E 50

6~4N 153. fE 70

11.9N 152. *E 70113i IN i52. EIE i5LU~4N ~5i. lE 65

11596787b

122104

8777

.4!330+U45

55.---.-

-.. .-.--

. .

. .----

--

2BOOOOZZtiubuoz2L1120UZZeltiooz

5.9N 15B. BE 506.+N 15B.3E +56.7$4 157.5E 407.ON 156. IJE 35

5.3N 158.9E 50

6.IN 158?3E 506.6N 158.1 E 507.2N 157!1L +5

7.3N 156.4E 507.7N 155:7E 35

6.4N 15*.3E .S59.2N 153.3E 35

35

●U4530

35152020

2U. ..-

5050bo50

56--. ..-

29 UOOOZ29 U600Z291200L291800Z

7.3N 156.3E 307.6N 155.7E 2513.2N 155.1 E <0E.3N 154. W 20

10:oN !51. OE 65---- ----- ----;- ----- ----;- ----- --

5158

125168

]24

E)u. .. .. .

50. .

---.-.--

300000Z300600Z301200Z301800Z

B.5N 15+.3L ?08.7N 133.7L ?U8.EN 153.15. 15Et.9N 152.5E 15

8.8N 153.4E 359.4N 152. OF. 309.5N 151.9E Jo9.6N 151.5E 311

--:- ----- ------ ----- ----;- ----- ------ ----- --

.---. .. .

--. .-..-

. .---.

.--.-.. .31 UOOOZ 9.ON 151.9E 15 10. ON 149.6E ,?5 -. -- ---- ----- -- . . -. .-

ALL fOHtCASTSUARNING <4-H~ ~13.HR 72-uN

55NM 1U8NH 8*NPI lb3NM36NM 77NM 54NM 127NMIIKT5 213KI> 39KIS 24KIS

5R1S ~isKT~ 39KIS 2]KTS25 17 9 9

AvLHAGE FORECAS1 ERNORAvERAGE RIGHT ANGLE ERR(JRAVERAGE MAGN17uOE OF UINO ERHwlAtiERAGL BIAS OF IIINO EHNOliNUMUER OF FOF(ECAS7S

TROPICAL OPPRESSION 02

00002 26 HAY TO 06002 27 MAY

BES I TRACK EIARNi Nti 2+ WWN ~URECAST 4! HOUR I=ORECASI (< liDUU FoHELASIER140~S ERRORS

US1 9iN0 POS17ERrtIJRS tPW3N5

●INO osr WIND.?3

POS1.7 MINO L)S7 il[Nl) Po>i 1 WINU bsl *I N,>0 21. +N 129..SE .$5 206 5 ‘--- ‘---- -- -- -- --.: ----- -- -- --

42 0 23.7% 130. IE ~526 0 ---- ----- --18 0 ---- ----- --

Pos [ T dINL) POSIT WINO2600002 19. BN 129.3E 30 19.7N 12t3.9E 3026u600Z 21.1 N 129.1 E 30 20.4N 129.OE 30261200Z 22.2N 129.6E 30 ~1.8N 129.4E 30261BOOZ 23.3N 130.2E 30 23.2N 129.9E 30

128 10 ‘-;- ‘---- ‘- ‘- -- ---- ‘---- -- -- ---- -- ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- ---- -- --.”- ----- -- -- -- --$- --. ,. -- -- --

-- -- ---- ---, - -. -- -- --.- ---.- -- -- ---- -- ---- ---+- -- -- -- --.- ----- -. -- --

ALL Fo~ECASIS

wARNING d4-Hq 413-MR 72-Htl,?ONM !Q7?4H UN14 ONM10NM 13NR ONM ONM

OKTS 8kr: 0K7S oKIS

Ohls 8K7~ OKIS oKrs6 2 13 0

27 LIOOOZ 24.6N 130.7E 30 24.5N 130:6E jO

2? U600Z ZS.6N 131.8E 25 25.6N 131.9E 2S8 0 ---- ----- --5 0 ---- ----- --

AVERAGE FORECAST ERRoR

AwERAGE RIGHT ANGLE ERRORAvLRAGE MAGNITUOE OF wINO ERROKAVERAI+E BIAS OF .IND ERRORNuMBER OF FORECASTS

64

TROPICAL ST’ORH RUTH

0600Z 14 JUN TO 1200Z 17 JUN

BEST lRACK wARNING 24 HOUR FORECAST 4? HOUR FOI+ECAST 1( HOUR FUHELASIERHoRS EINAUHS Eiluul?s

Pos11 WINO DsT HIND PLIS1 T dINO US! 91ND POSIT uIW 0S1 wIN(,45 189 ’15 19~oN ~ll. OE SO 471 10 19.7N 1U8.2E 4045 176 ‘1o ~9:7N +il.5E 50 +8+ 10 ~o. bN 109.1C?5 223 -5 ZO:4N +11. OE 50 >52 15 ----

ERRORS

Pos [ 1 wINO POS1 T dlNO14ubOOZ 16. ON 116,9E 40 15.7N 116.4E 30141200Z 16. EN 116.6E 5U 16.6N 116.7E 35141s002 17.7M ]16.4E 55 17.3N 116:1E 35

0S1 “IAiNO3* -io13 -is29 +3

13 026 0

656 !0

B 1012 15

33 1530 15

2+ ~o13 1020 5

17.9N 113. IE16.8N 114.2E19.4N 113.7E

875dY3

-.

i530--

ml--

---.-.

-_+----*----.----.------.--+.---.---- .---- .---- .---- .----.-

15u OOOZ lB.6N15u600Z 19.3N1512002 20.1 N151 BOOZ 21. ON

16.4E 60 18.5N 116.6E 60lb.7E bO 19.5N 117. IE 6iz17. OE 55 20. ZN lk7~oE 6L717.3E 50 21. oN 117.4E 00

22. oN 117.7E22.9N 119. dE23.7U ll.s. [email protected] 119.8E

25. TN 120. fE.?6.9N 122.2E

27. ON 12J.l E---- ---, -

---- ---4---, - ---o---, . ---o-

12653650

425070

10 t5:5N +19.5[ 5010 2>:8N +2Z. OE 45]5 @+9t4 +22.4E +515 --:- ----- --

15 --:- ----- --2U --2- ----- --25 ‘-:- ----- --

-- ---- ----- --

-- --t. ----- ---- ---- -.-, - ---- --;- ----- --

00 20109 20

~~ 25-. --

-- --

-- ---- ---- .-

-- .-

-. ---- --

----------, ----------------------------------

-.. .. .. .

---.-.-.

lbuoooz 22..2* 117.7E ●5 22. IN 117!6E 5516u600Z 23.3N 118.lf. 60 23.2N 118.3E 551612002 24.3N Il(j.7E ●O 24. oN 119.2E 55161uOOZ 25.3P+ 119.5E 35 24. W’4 119.5E 50

1700002 26.4x4 120.6E 3U 26.13N 120.5E 41317 WaOOZ 27.6tA 121.7E 25 27. +N 121.8E 351712002 241.3N 123.2E 20 28.5N 123.5E Z5

--.------..---

--. ..-.-

.----.-.

.----.

.-

.--.

------

ALL FOMf.CASTSwARNING 24-H! +&-HR 72-HH

19hM Y2NM 29EINM t3E14NM16N14 t2NM 177NM 447NM10M7S A4KT: 17KtS 23K7S

4K1S flhl> 17KTS 23KTS

4vERAGE FOQECAsT ERRoHavLRAGE RIGIST ANGLE ERRORavEuAGE MAGNTTUUE OF WINO ERRORauEHAGt BIAS OF #INO EltRoRVUN13f.R OF FORECASTS 14 10-6 2

TROPICAL DEPRESSION 04

0000Z 05 JUL TO 0600Z 06 JUL

BEST TS7ACK wARNING 24 HOUR FURECAST 4: AOUR FoRECAsr

ERRORS

Pos I T uINO

ERRORS EWUNISPOSIT lAINO UST uINO Pos17 blNO OST UINO POS1 T uINO W.r #INti

)500002 17.7N 113.6E 30 17.9N 114*1E 2S 31 ‘5 19.7N 112.zE ●5 181 25 ‘-:- ‘----)50bOOZ 18.7N 112.5E 30 17.7N l12~8E 30 b2 O ltI.3N 109. bE 40 242 20 ‘-:- ‘----)512002 19.7iN 111.8E 30 19.3N 111.5E 30 - 34 0 ---- ----- *- -- -- ---- -----)518002 20.4N 110.5E 25 19. SN 110:9E 25 58 0 ---- ----- ‘- -- -- --;- -----

<Z HOUH FOIW.CAS1

EIWEOITSPo> i T *lNU 0S1 #l N!,-- -: -- ---- -.--.- -- -- --

-- -- -- ---- ----- -- -. ---- -- -- ---- ---m- -- -. --

-- -- -- ---- --..- -- -- --

-- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- --

-- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- --

)bo OOOZ 21.2N 109.4E 20 ?1.1?4 109:9E)606002 22.3N i09.1 E 20 21.6N 109.9E

25 28 5 ---- ‘---- ‘- -- -- --T- ‘----25 61 5 ---- ‘---- ‘- -- -- ‘-:- ‘----

ALL FO~tCAST5

wARNING <4-MM 48-Mu 72-WI4bNM <IINM ONM 0Nf43]NAI 70N14 13NM tjNM

3KT5 .?3KT~ IM rs i7K7slKIS <3KT: OUTS oKrsb 2 0 0

I vtRAGE FORECAS7 ERRoRIwER6GE RIGHT ANGLE ERROR

~vL*AGE MAGNITUOE OF uIND ERROH,vLRAGE BIAS OF wINO ERRoRMISER OF FORECASTS

65

TROPICAL STORM wANDA

06002 31 JUL TO 0600Z 04 AuG

HEST WCK

r.-”””.US1 !ll N,,287 i5320 20483 tt

Jut+ *5553 50

-. ---. --

-- -..- . .-. --.- -.

-. ---- . .-. -.-- -.

-. -.-. --

-Posh UIMJ3106OOL 23. sN 140.9f 303112002 24. oN ]40.9E 3U3113100Z 24.5N 140.8E 30

POSIT #lNo23.2N 140.8E 30

23. tlN 140.5E JO.?5. oN I4102E

05119253?

!il Nu

o00

olo OOOZ 25.1,1 1+0.4E 3501ubO02 25.7N 140.3L 350112001 2b.5N I+u.7E 35011800Z 27. ztI 140. EL 35

24.5N 140.3E26.3N l*O.l EZ6. BN 140:5L27.3N 140.9E

,?6. ON 140.3C?7.5N 14u.5E2n.5N 142.6i?8.8N 142.9E

30.3N 1+3.8E31. ON 144.2E30.6N 143.9EJO.l N 146. OE

31.3N 146.3E31.6N 146. EIE

393721

8

84 20 2m. 7* 1S9.3F155 2> 31:*IY 13?. tt146 2U 31:7N +3 S. LIE170 10 32.3N 139. OE

216 5 3J. 7N ++O. uE

200 -lu 31:?N +*2.2Eo -5 --y- -----

41 , ---- -----

205 ~“ ---- ---.-

do3 10 ---- -----. . -. ---- ------- -- --;- -----

.- -. ---- -.-, -

.- -. ---- -----

65 /3< 20 31. *N !Jd.rt70 3b9 ?5 34. ON 13b.2E

32> .20 ---- -----353 20 ---- -----

40*545

40

40

303030

26.4h 139. OE 55

X.5N i3M. bE bo29,0N 13Y. YE 5529. rN I+o. ue >0

boS5

●S●O

---.

02u OO01 27.7*, 160. +E 3S0?06001 27.7N 141.4E 350212002 ZUJ.4N 142.6E 350218002 29.lN 143.2L 40

5-5-5

-Iv

31. lN 139.5L >029. ON l*U.7L <530.5tu 145. uk .+530.8N l*b.l E %0

351 15 ---- -----?35 IEI ---- ---, -

. . -- ---- ----------- ----- .-

-- -- --.- ------- -- ---- ------- -- --.- ------- -- --, - -----

-- -- ---- --..--- -- --, - -----

.-

0300002 30.ON ]A3.5t ●50311600Z30.aN ]04.2L 450312001 30.5N 145. OE 400318002 30.8N ].5.7E 35

04 UOOOZ 31.2N ]a6.3E 31J0+0600Z 31.5N 1*6.8K 30

2+365745

3+.6M Ieb.et 403+,9N le6. !+E +0---- ----- -.

--- ----- --

3>

:;35

3030

-10-!0

-5fl

-.-.. .------

-.-.-.--.---6

60(3

--.- ----- ---..,. ----- --

ALL Fo~kc31slsdARNIN& ,i4-H~ 4u-l+H 72-HR

27NM !29hM 278NH 6+6NM1 7?+?! *6NM 163NM 235NH

5KTS 10KT: 17K1S 31KrS-IRIS HI(T> 17K1S 31KIS

AvLiFA6E FORECAS1 EFIHOU

&vtRAGE RIGHT ANGLE ERHORAVt)lAGE 14AGNITuOE OF WINO EHI?WAvERAGE BIAS oF WINO EWOHNuMSER OF FORECDSTS 17 !3 9 5

TRoPICAL STORM AMY

0000Z 20 AUG TO 1800Z 23 AUG

us ST TRACK uARNIN(; 2* HOUR FORECAST 4U HOUR FORECAST I.? HOUR FUMECAST..-ERHO14S

POSIT

ERRORS t. RW3HS ERRORS

MINO POSIT UINO OST wi,NO POS1 T wIND OST ●INLI POSIT #lNO uS! WINII

2000002 20.6N 120.6E 25 20.7N 1ZO:6E 30 6

?0s1 T NINlr5 20.8N 117.3E 40 28 10 ;I04N }14.2E 45 339 15 22. WU !I1.7E *O

2006002 20,9tA 119.8E 30 20.7N 120.3E 30 0 21.3N liu.l E *@2012002 21. oN 119. oE 30 21.4N 120.oE

25 10 22:4N ~15.3E ●5 31JIZ 15 23, bN 113,2:115 10 26.9N i17.13E ;61 5 23.3N 119..iE ?5 66 15 +?2N !18.7E ●O

201800Z 20.4N 1113.3E 30 21.3N 119x2E 74 5 22.7N 117. TE ●O 99 10 s’4Y4N ~L6.4E 30 302 0 ---- -----

0S1 wlNr854 10831 -55BI -lo

.- --

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .-- . .

-- . .-- . ..- . ..- --

. . . .-. ---. .--- -.

303535

30303030

3030

-.-..-. .. ..-. ..-.-. ..-.--.

2100002 20.8N 117.8E 30 20.4N 118.3E

2106OOZ 21.7+4 118.2E 30 21.4N 119:5E2112002 22.3N 118.8E 30 22.3* 119:1E2118002 22.8N 119.5E 30 ~2.3N 119zoE

37741741

0000

21.3N 117.6E23.1 N 119. OE24.4N 118.3E23. oN llti.3E

183 05

1:; o250 5

~16.4E 3S b5U 5?19.5E .35 52.? -5+15.16 30 587 -1(I

+17.2E 25 146 ’15

--, -------------

---.----.--------- ,-

2200002 23.5N 119.9E 30 23.3M 119.2E2206002 24.2N 120.4E 30 24.2N 119.8E221200Z 24.9N 120. EIE 30 24.7N 120.4E221@OOZ 25.7N 121.8E 30 25.8N 121.5E

40

3325i7

o000

25.2N lls. !YEz6.9N 120.3E27.2N 121.7E29.4N 12~..3E

+64 O+09 -5+04 ->274 -5

-----:---;----

----- -. -- ------- -- -. ---.-c- -- . . .-

----- -- -- --

----------------

--- ,---- ,----- ----- -

2300002 30.1N 125.3E 30 29.oN 12+.5E2306002 30.7N 126.EE to 30.5N 126!5E2312002 31.7N 127.5E *O 31.7N 127:2E2318002 31.7N 12s.9E +0 32.5N 128:7E

78201549

0-!0-!0-lo

---- -------, - -------, - -------4- ---+-

-.---.--

-- -- --, . -.-*- -- . . -.-- . . . . .. ----- -- -- ---- . . -:- ----- -- . . ---. -. -.;- -..*. -. -. --

--, ---, ---------

-------- .---- .----.-

303030

ALL Fo~ECASTS

wARNING 24-H! +8-NR 72-HR3sNM 201 NM 446NH 75sNM19NM 51NM 145NM 28sNM

3KI s bKT > 9KTS 2.Krs-IKTS 3KT> ZKTS -2KTS

AvEI+AGE FORECAST ERRoRAvERAGE RIGHT ANGLE ERHOR

AvENAGE NAGN ITuDE OF m1NO ERRORAvLRAGE BIAS OF UINO ERHOHNuWER OF FORECASTS 16 12 “’ 8 3

66

BFST THACK WARN I !4G

TROPICAL

0000Z 03 SEP

STORM CARLA

TO 00002 05 SEP

24 HOUR FORECASTERRORS

0s1 “U!NDERRORS

Pos I , Wit@ Us, UrNt)

53 0 lM.lN 111. ZE ?0 74 529 0 18.1 N IIO. ZE ●O 11113 0 le.3N 10 L3.2E ~o 108 1:12 0 16.7N 107.3E ?0 152 20

48 HOW FORECAST f< HOW FOHECAS1

ERIEURS ERUOASPo~ 11 tiIND CI~, .INO POS1, ~ wIND OsT II INI)

lU@A &08.7E SO .?74 30 ---- ‘---- -- -- ----:. ---- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- ------ ----- -- -- -- -.. . ----- -- .- . .--:. ----- -. — -- ---- ---*. .- .- . .

POSIT #l&o Posl~ til Nu030000Z lki.5N 114,3E 30 17.7N ~14:7E 3003u600Z 18. *N 113.3E 30 18. ON 113*6E .40031200Z l&i.2N llz.3E 35 1L3. ON 112:2E 35031800z 17.8N 111.2E 35 lE. oN IlI~2E 35

060000Z 17.6N llo. oE 35 17. ON 110.lE 3504 U6002 17. +N 108.4L 35 17.13N 109:6E 35o+l ZOUZ 17.2N 106.7L 30 17.9N 10E:3E 350+1800Z 17. ON 105.3E 20 A8. ON 107.3E 35

050000z 17. ON 10.+. OE 20 i7. oN 105$oE 25

13 0 17.8N 105. sIE 30 113 1072 0 ---- ----- -- -- --

100 ---- ---+- -- -. -.

129 1: ---- ----- ‘- -- --

--:- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- ------ --.- -. -- -- .-. . . . . .. -. -- ---+ ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- . . -. ------ ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- . . -- -.

57 5 .->. . . . . . -- -- -- ---- ---.- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- -- .

ALL F~CASTS

wARNI!AS 24-NN 6EI-HR 72-HR53N# 112NM 274NAI ONM26NIA ●6NH 33NM ONti

3RiS ~oF.7~ 30K IS oKIS

~S 10JL7~ 30KE. 13nrs

5 1 0

AvEIAAGE FOQLCbSI ERRoRAvEHAGE RIGHT ANGLE ERRORAvCHAGE MAGN17UOE OF WIND ERROR

4~ERAGE 131AS OF HINO ERRoRNUM8ER OF FORECAS7S

TROPICAL STORM EHHA

0600Z 15 SEP TO 06002 20 SEP

6ES1 TRACK wARNINGFmRnR<

24 INWR F AIRECA5T 45 NOINA FORECAST

ERRORS ERIUJ?SPOSIT WIND 0s1 wINIJ POS1,7 *lNo IAS1 WINO

22. @A 140. YE +S 275 -5 2+@ +39.,2E 60 367 026. IN 143.4E 55 51 0 .?ti~+h ?*O. OE 6S 22M Io2b.9N 145.lE 55 43 0 <9~2h ?*2.2E 65 6LI 15

!2 HOI$ FOKECAST

ERRoRSPosl r n’INO 0S1 $IINo

25.3N !Ab.4t 75 369 .?529. bN 135.9! 75 26o 2S

?9. UN !37. ?t 75 152 25

-.....-..-P13SIT dINO P13SI 7 WIrAO OST IAI,NO

15u600Z 21.2N ]43.4E ●O .31.lN 142~7E 30 39 -{01512002 22.4N 143+.3E 40 22.2N 143s8E ●O1518002 23.6N 14~olE 40 23.3N 144*3E 40 x :

lbLIOOOL 24.8N 1+4.3E 4S 24.8N 144.9E 401006002 25.8N 144.3E 50 25.6N 144:oE 45lbl ZOOZ 26.4N 146.3E 55 Z7. ON 144:4E 50161S002 26.9N 1*4.3E 55 27.7N 144D9E 50

33 ‘S 29.7N 1+5. YE20 ‘S 30.9N 1+4. *E36 ‘5 32.3N 145. tJES7 ‘5 31.8N 1+6. *E

50 164 -I(A 36.8!9 ~4?.2E 55-5 35T9N ~4T.lE 50-s 36Z9N 449.2E 50-5 3b:oN ++9.56 40

41047956*547

50

-1:

3~.3N 150.0~

40.2N !51. Ot3%WN ~54. A7E--, - ---, -

36. ON ~+3.2E37. ON ?+3.8~-- ,- --------- ---*-

---- -----

--, - --------- --------- ---, -

---- --------- -- .,---, - --------- -----

..*- ---*----- -----

55511*5

620b14b56

-.

355*16

-.. .

-.-.-.--

-.---.-.

. .-.

10s5

-.

:---.

. .

. .

.-

. .

. .

.--.-.

-.. .

-iii212

211

13 -!0 29. oN 143.9E18 -10 30.4N 1+3. bE26 ‘5 31.2N 143.4E24 0 32.8N lt3.lE

170000Z 27.3N 1*+.4E eO 27. IN 144:3E 5017u600Z 2B.2N 1++.4E 60 27. YN 14+t4E so1712002 29. oN 1+4.3E 55 2LI.6N 144.lE 50171tIOOZ 29.3N 1+3.5E 50 29o5N 143!9E 50

6311815017s

O 3+~4FA 143.9E 45V 3+SN ?+3. OE 45U 3+*4N ?43. OE 450 +.?N +*3.4E 4s

5 31:3N ~36.3E 505 +I:4N 135.5E 50

10 ---- =---- --,0 ---- ---, - --

1(7 ---- ----- --

5 --;- ----- --

-- --;- ----- --. . ---- . . . . . --

. . ---- ----- -.-. --;- -.-6- -.

197124

67

4!3*O-.. .

. .

6U

lwOOOZ 29.1 N ]+2.7E 50 28.8N 142~2E 50180600Z 29.3N 141.7E 50 29. IN 141*7E 50lB1200Z 29.9N 140.9E 50 29.5N 141:oE 501818002 31. oN 141A.3E 50 30.lN ]40:4E 50

32

x54

2:3949

30109

0 30. oN 139.7EO 30.3N 138.9EO 30.6N 13 A!.l EO 33. oN 137. AIE

5 37.4N lQ1.5EO 36.3N 1Q2. !YEs ---- ---o-

5 --, - ---$-

0 ---- -----5 ---- ---.-

146243348394

b8U

Y33-.-.

. .--

19 U0002 32.4N 1*0.2E 45 32.4N 140:2E 501906002 34. IN 140.6E ●S 33.7N ]40:4E 45]912002 35,3N 142.2E 40 35.2N 141.4E 45

1918002 36.9N 144.3E ●O 36.3N 143.6E *5

245398

-.---.--

-.----.-

. .-.-.. .--

--

2000002 39.5v r+6. OE 4U 39. ON 146:OE +o21A13bOOZ +2.6N 1+9.2E 35 41. oN 148. oE ●0

---.

---.

---.

--.-

ALL FoHECASTS

AvER4GE FORECASI ERRORAWtRAGE RIGHT ANGLE EINNJRAtitM4LiE MAGNITUDE Of’ MIND EURUHAWEIAAGE BIAS OF UINO tkRoliNuMLIER OF FORECAsTS

l~s lo~> 146NM lil~NM6!(1s 13K1S

-2KIS IKT> ●KIS 131(1 S

21 17 13 8 .

67

TROPICAL STORf9 FREDA

0000Z 23 SEP TO 0000Z 25 SEP

RFST TR4cK wARNING 2+ HOUR FURE~ASl 4! HOUR FORECASI

ERKORS

IL MOUK FOdELASl

ERNoVS EHUURS ti?uotisPOSIT UINIJ UST ●INO Pos I I mINo 0s, wIND Posl 1 *lNO DST ●IND yo,l. 1 WIND Ds1 #INo1Pos I 1 ,lNO

18.Z’N 124.3E 3018.8N 12204E 3019.2N 120.5E 3019.3N Ii8.5t ●O

230000Z231ZbOOz

231200Z231UOOZ

24 UOOOZ240600Z2+1ZOOZ2418002

2k.uoooz

Avt.RAGEAuf. KAGEAuLMALiE

18. ON 124:oE 3018.7N 122?8E 3019.7N 120.5E 3019.3ri 119:oE 50

2123

%

295?2913

8

000

10

20.4N 120.6E21J.7N 119.3E

21.9N 116. YE21.1 N i15. <E

●O●O+000

239 -5 Z1:9N [18. UE 50 45+25+ ‘IV ‘-~- ‘---- ‘- ‘-220 -15 ---- ----- -- --219 15 ‘--- ‘---- ‘- ‘-

15-.

----------------

-:-.----. .------c-.-

--.-----

-. ---- ---- -.-- ---. -.-. ---. --.- .--. -.

.-

.-

19.7N 116.6E 45

20.2N 1i4.8E 5020.9N 113. IE 5521.6N 111.3E *5

19.6* 117:1E 5519.6N 115.6E 5521.2N 113:5E 55

21.7N 111*5E 50

10

520.3N 112. uE---- ---.---.- -----

---- ---.-

bo-.-.-.

167 25 ‘-:- ‘---- ‘- ‘--- -- ---- ---, - -- ---- -- --;. ----- -- ---- -- ---- ----- -- --

--------- ----- .--. , -

.--.-.-.

-.o -

----

----

----

-.. .-..-0

5

22..?N 101+..3E 35 22. IN 109.9E 35 0 ---- ---.- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- . . ---.- .-

ALL FOMECASIS

dARNING 24-H! +LI-HR 72-HI?::~ .?20NH q5*NM ONM

E12NH I +bNM ONM3hl S 14KT~ 15KTS oKTS

3K1S ?KT> l>KTS oKIS

FOCIECAS1 ERROR

RI GMT ANGLE ERHOIIMAGNITUUE OF MINO ERROR

AvCRAGE BIAS OF MIND EHHoRNUMHER llF FORECASTS 9 5-1 0

TROPICAL STORM HARRIET

0600Z 16 OCT TO 1’800Z 20 OCT

REST TRACti UARNING 24 liOUR tDRECAST 48 HOUR FORECAST l! tiOUH FuME(AS1ERROI?S Ftinons FIAIAUUS F UIJC>MS

R-E,] 1 dlND.. . -.. .-

POSIT d I ND O=T ii~O PoSIT *INO IIs T u]hU POS1, I wINO US I UiNO PO>l, I wINU US I tilNc>8 -S 16.9N 129. (E 50 156 5 l/~9N 124,7E 60 %.2 10 IR. ?N JZO. E.L bk. 965 15

11 ‘5 17.4N 12a. tE 40 i 72 -5 li. bN !24. OE 50 53e O43 -10 16.(iN 12n. uE ~0 26o -10 17:3N !23.6E 50 b5+

lT.5N 1.2u.3t0 17. *h !lY. *~

160600Z 15. LIN 135. IE1612002 16.3N 13+. oE161800Z 17. oN 133.3E

17uOOOZ 17.5N 132.5E

17u600Z 17.7N 131.13F.171200Z 18.2N 131.6E

IJ1800Z 18.5N 132. ZE

ltJuuOOZ 19.2N 132.6E

18u600Z 19.9N ]32.6E1812002 21.lN 132.7E181800Z 23.IN 133.5E

190000Z 25.2N 13+.9E1906002 26.EIN136.2E191200Z 28.2N 137.8E1916002 29.0N 13EI.8E

35 15,7N 135. oE 3035 16.3d 134.2E 30●O 16.3N 133tl E 30

+0 L7.6N L32:5E 3S+5 17.9N ]31:7E +545 18.3N 131.3E +550 18.1 N ]32:2E +5

50 19. ON 132:4E 50

50 29.4N 132.6E 5$50 21.2N 132.8E 5550 23.2N 133.5E 50

50 26.4N ]34.2E 5050 26.8N 136.lE 5055 20.6N 138.7E 505U 29.3N 138.7E 50

55 1154 u5U limn u

b131.s24

-500

-5

20.2N 12Y.6E20.7N 1,?9. IE20. TN 129. LIZ21.7N 13i?.5E

?56060*O

!25).9E!29.3t!.?9.3E13q.9E

55656565

5151.0Is

?7. *N 132. Ot.?8. oN !32.*t2’H.l N !32. St?7. MN !J9. ut

bu6.5.356LI

---.-.-.

-.-.-.. .

-.-.---.

+2s 15*79 .?55s0 .?5+0 r Z5

-- --.- ---- ---- --

-- --

-- ---- -.-- .-

-. --.- . .-- . .-- . .

+(3351432.3

1630

a6

0

550

22.5N 132. bE

2+.5N 13*.3E24.13N 134. tIE27. IN 137.’fE

es05

bo●O

198 15 d5f4N

171 15 <7. BN259 5 Z5i. ON127 ‘1O ~O. oN

!35.7E

!3B.6E!39.3E+*3.6E

b5

S550●o

327

18924514U

20

1510

5

---- --------- --------- --------- -----

61

5:19

119 -5 --:- ----- -- --231 u ‘--- ‘---- ‘- --370 u ---- ----- -- --221 5 --, - ---+- -- --

---- --------- -------+- ---o-

.-, - -----

.-

.-

.--.

20uOOOZ 29.5N 139. F3E20u600Z 29.9N 141.3E201200L 30. oN 1*3.4E20i1300Z 30.2N 146.3E

●5 30. +N 140.4E 504U 30. ON 140.9E 50●O 30. IN 142. EE *535 30.6N 145.2E 45

62223261

--+- ---a-

---- ---+.

---- -----

---- ---.-

-. -. ---- -..+. -- . .-- -. --;. ----- -- ---- -- --;- ----- -- --. . .- --:. ----- -. --

-.. ..--.

---- -----. ..- --------- --------- -----

-.---.

ALL forntcAs7s

wANNING #4-M~ 45)-HR 72-M426NM 19uNM 376N# 757Nu13NM lZINM 197NM 375NM

4K15 7KT~ 10K1S 15KIsORIS 3KT> IOKIS 15KJS

19 15 11 7

AvMAGE FORECAS 1 EURORAvMiAGE RIGHT ANGLE ERRORAvWAGE MAFiNI TuUE OF uINO ERFWUAVEHAGL BIAS oF WINO EINIoRNUMt3ER W_ F(JKEcASIS

5. PACIFIC”AREA TYPHOON DATA

TYPHOON sARAti

12002 16 JUL TO 12002 21 JUL

BEST Tli&cK w.WNIW 24 noun ~URECASTERKOHS

4* Houa FonCCasr {t IWuti Forlt’A!ilI=!-M?OUs EUMUHS

POSIT #IF+D POSIT #lNn 0s1 ●iNoLQli(Mfs

Pos I r hliw)lb120UZ 10.5N 12s.l F.

usr 91N0 PO>l 119 -5 12.4N 123. bE S5

IVINU

le!800z 11..2N 12 fI.4t 54109 -5

‘5 12.9N 122.7E S5

. . .Ds1 wINl) POSLT #lNu

69 -5 1+.3N ?19.2K 4593 -5 1+-TN ~lti.ot 45

#iNl)-5

-A5

-35-45-25-25

30 10.4N 1z6.6E ’2535 kl. ON 127.3E 313

40 12. oN 125.5E 3540 12.3N 124.4E

*O 13.5N 123.1 E ::+0 13.9N 12z,2E 40

au 15.4N 121.5E 40

+5 16. ON 120.5F. +050 16. +N 118. +E +550 16.5N 116.8L +5

5(J 17.3N 115:7E 5055 17.lN 113.7E 6060 17.2N 112.5E 6070 17.3N ]12.4E 60

T5 17.7N 112.lE 7575 18.3N 111.5E 7570 19.7N 11O.6E 7070 19.+N 109~7E 60

65 20.2N 108:7E 6060 20.7N 107*5E 6035 2].l N I0599E 50

16.2N 11+.6+lF.. bN 113.3L130 -5

6n -5100 -5

51 -512b -10

166 -15137 -2019.3 -30178 -3”

9EI ’25+25 -25

96 -10.- -.

. . -.-- .--. ---- .-

-. ---- .-

-- --

1700002 12.2N Iz5.2fi

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TYPHOON THELMA

00002 21 JUL TO 00002 26 JUL

24 HOUR ~OREcAS7 4! MOOR FORECAST f< UOU~ FOHEC,AST

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69

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o 5 19.7N J1+. BE43 10 19. EN 113. uE

13 5 16. oN J13.4E8 5 16.1 N 111.9E6 15 15.7N 110.9E

12 15 15.3N 109. dE

13 !0 ---- -----35 15 ---- -----25 ~0 ---- -----62 10 ---- -----

5-5-5

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17. ON !O1.9E1M:4N !Io. OEiti~4N 1U9.6E18~5N ~OV.5E

60

505U●5

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lLIUUoof 18. ONlMueOOZ 18.4Nld12uoz 1900Nlti1800Z 19.4N

3Z9

150140

111119

17. IE 60 17.2N 117:3E 5517.5E 6U 113.5N 117.2E 5517. JIE 60 19. ON 117.6E 60lH. OE 65 19.5N 117:9E 60

18.4E 65 19.8?4 118:3E bO18.7E 6S 19.9N 118.6E 60

-5-5-5

-Jo

55506050

-20-25-lo-15

111.13t.---.-

111.4k+17. Mt

90 ’15 <4f.3N ~19.5E 50 2+7 ’15 Zf,.5N 119./5.

X5 ’15 Z+*IN 119. sE 50 2*O ’15 26.3N 41M.U?1.?0 0 2*.ZN l.?O.l E 65 .310

785 26. UN A19.ot

5 <3;2N ~20.lE b5 329 10 .?=,. ON 119.5?

19 UL1002 19.6,!19u600Z 19.6NlY12UlIZ 19.6N I 19. OE 05 20.3N 118.,9E bO1911300Z ]9.8N 119.lE 70 19.9N 119. oE bO

2000001 20.1 N 119.3E ’75 20. oN 119:1E 6520u600Z ZO.2N 119.3E 75 20.2N 119:4E 70

2(31200Z 20.2N 119.1 E 70 20.3N 119.4E 70201800Z 20.2N 118.9E 65 20.2N 118:9E 70

110

169175216

262286163209

70

1::13?7

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5

1:15

1010

10lU

b5

656565

374

43947*534

25. oN

24. 7N24.lN23. ~N

210000L 20. ON210000Z 19. EIN2J1200Z 19.7N211800/ 18.9N

22r3000z 18.4W2tu600Z 17.8N221200Z 17.lN2218001 16.3N

17i.4E17.8E17.3E16.~E

15.7E14.8E13.9E13.1 E

65 19.9N65 20. ]NbO 19.7f455 19.6N

118:8E 70118. OE 65

117.3E 65116:2E 65

5555●545

631 15657 2rJ449 25~68 20

----------, -----

-------------- ----0 -

115!6E S5114:9E bsl13t9E 60113*1E 60

50 18.2N50 17.7N45 17.2N+5 16.5N

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--------------------------------

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23uIIOOz 15.5N 112.3E 60 15.7N 112:4E 5023ubOOZ 14.7N 111.4E 35 14.7N I1o. EE 5023120UZ 13.7N 110.4E 20 J4. OIV 11 O.1E 502311300Z 13.1 N 109.1E 25 J3.5N 10e.5E 35

---- ------;- ---, --;- ---.---;- ---.-

---. .--------- ----.-

---.-.. .

-.-.

.-

. .. ..-

TYPtiOONS dHILE dlND OUtR 35KTSwARNING 24-MM +8-HN 72-HR

Avt.wA6E FORECAST EI?RoR 18NM 161NM ~91NM 592NMAvEUA6E RIGM7 ANGLE ERROR 1 lNM 107NM <55NM 609NMAVtUAGE MAGN17UDE OF wIND ERi?lJd 13KTs IIKIS 14K1S lBKrS

AtikRAGE BIAS o,= wIND EFIROH .zKIS 5KT: ]KTS -9UIS

NUMBER UF FORECAS7S 3b 32 2s 23

ALL fO~LCASTSuAF7NIN6 26-H? 48-MN 7Z-MR

19N14 159N14 3Y6NM 613NM13NM LIJ6Nr4 25+NM 39r3NM

9K15 ‘12K7> 15K1S 20K1$

3K7S 6KT? 3K1S -6KTS

38 34 30 25

71

TYPHOON GILOA

00002 03 OCT TO 0600Z 10 OCT

“Fsl IKACK tlARNINt, 24 HOUR CUREC.4S1 4S HOUR FORECAS [ Id liOUli FUUtCAS )Fm”,)k<

POST T MIND POSIT IAINo03u UOOZ 16.5N 155.8t 30 16.7N 155.7E 3003ub00Z lA.8N 156.6E 30 17.5N 15s.5E 30

ENROUS EtIw311s tulv.lus11S1 dlNo258 -15

30 -15

195 -lo-ib7 -10

422 -10

+66 -S●Y7 -,1<2 -5

8 -L5173 ‘1O

37 -1(711* -10

,?95 -15

350 -20303 -10●*I -5

53* .s

614 5-- . ..- -.

-. --. . . .-- ---. --

-. -.. . .--. -.. . . .

-. -.-- --

. .. .. ..-0S1 wIND

13 066 0*7 o25 ‘5

Posl r bltm20.2N 152.2E j520.3N 153.9E 3519.8N 155. uE ?020.2N IS5.8E +0

0s1228122

1;:

WIND-5-5-5

-15

us! WIND260 ‘z5

73 -251*4 -,?0Z6U -20

03 L2U02 17.5N 15 b.6C.0316002 17. BN )56. ZE

0400002 hi. oN 155.5E

0.?u600Z 18.6N 155. lE0*i200Z 19.3N 154.5Eo&l130UZ 20. oN 153.7E

050UOOZ 20.6N 152.9E

05u000Z 21.2N 151.8E051200< 21. BN 151. OL0518002 22.4N 150.3E

060UOOZ 23. oN 1*9.7E

OoubOOZ 23.8N 1*9.2E0612001 ?4.4)4 14 F?.7E

Obl BOOZ 25.2u 146.2E

07u OOOL .2b.2N 1*7.7LolubOOZ 27.4N 147.4L071200Z 28.5N ]47.3EoIIuOOZ 29.7N 1~7.3L

30 17.7N 155t BE .3035 16.2N 156.1 L 30

40 16. (?N 155.8E 3(340 18. lN 155,5E 40

*5 18.2N 155:4E +955 20. IN 153.6E *S

65 20.13N 15z.4E *5

65 21.3N 151:4E b!i6S 22.2N 150.2E 65b5 22.5(v }49.7E 6S

60 23.3N 1513. oE b56U 24. oN 150. oE 5560 24.9N 149. IE >5

bU 25.17N lW.OE 5S

00 25.6N IVA.l E 6065 26.13ti 147.3E bl)65 2B.7N 1+7.2E en05 ,?9.6N ]+b. sE 65

70 30.13N 147.6E 05b5 31.9rA 147.7E b505 33.5N 148.9E 6560 34. BN 150.9E 60

1? -~o

37 083 ‘5

0 -10

19.6N 155.9E +0

19. ON 155.4E 5019.2N 155.lE SO

22.4N 151,1E 50

-25

-1s-15-15

3.? 1 -15358 -5.+89 -s

42 -5

?3. tlN 15*.9L 5U

?2.3N +53. + bu22.6N L53. aL bu27. ?N ~W.dE bU

30 -20 23.9N l*a.dE >0 73 ‘IO 21~5N 147.2E 55 82 -5 3). ON 1$7.6E 55

53 15 27*PN !+8.5E 65 63 0 31.1 N 151.3E 5a11~ 15 .M:QN !46. lE 65 6? o 33.2N !M.6L 55

Q3 0 30:ON !47. OL 55 20 ‘1o 3?.6N ~50. di 5U

23 O 2+.5N 148. oE 1550 0 2S.2N 1~.a. )E {5

O 26.lN l+e.6E 603+

2+45

37lb

.2

36

:;

B35

5 26.7N 1+3. >E !+0

‘5 .?7.3N 151. uE ~5‘5 28.4N l+v. lE ●5‘5 27.9N 1+6.9E 45

0 28.7N l+; .5E bO

‘5 31J.5N 1~7. AE 55‘5 3+.2N 148. IE 55

0 35. oN I+ EI. uE 00

‘S 3t..2N 151r.2E ?5O 3b.8N 151. oE +5O 39.3N 154.5E +5o 3ti.5F+ 159.9t ?0

5 38.6N 158.3E ?S5 39.5N 160..4E +55 --.- ---, - --

5 ---- ----- --

0 ---- ---6- --

10 ---- ----- --

101 0191 -2U

95 -20hio -20

5035+0+0

,?21 -Zll

320 ’30<01 ’25d2’) -20

33.9N !57. OL

34.7N 159.6E33. W !56.9E

33.2N !54. BL

3\. !m !5.3.2!

36. W+ !W4..?k---- ------. .----,-

131 -10

121 -105b ‘1O

12b U

65 -1010+ -5

52 u113 0

226 S32o 15

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/20 -10<66 -5

70 0188 5 --

13duOOOZ 30.9N 1*/.5E0EW600Z 32.3N t413.2E(3U1200Z 33. +N 1*9.3E

(3818002 34.5N 150.5E

0Y13000Z 35.9N 151.5L09u600Z 37.3N 153.1 E0912002 3S.7N 155.3EOY1dOOZ +0. ON 158.4E

Iuu OOOZ 40.9N ]62.4E

lo IJOooz 41.6N 166. EIE

3535. .. .

<17 -535h 5

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. . -.

------------- --------- --------- -----

---.-..-21

27

3660

06S

io2132

55 35.4N 151.9E 6050 36.3N 153.3E 55+5 3t7.7N 155.3E 50●O ●0.2N ]57. oE 45

---- -------i- --------- ---,---;- --- ,-

.-

. .-..-

. . -.

. . . .

. . . .-. --

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+0 41.3U 160.2E +030 +2.6N 164:3E +0

---- ------:- ---.-

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-.-.

-- . .. . . .

.-

. .

ALL Fout.cASTS

wARNING 24-Hrn 48-FNI39Nr4 130NM 198NM2.?N* %8 NM 8bNM

4KIS 10KT~ 1.3KTS-2AIS ‘6F.1~ ‘llKi S30 .?6 22

TYPHOONS dH[LE 91N0 OVER 3SKTSdARN ING 24-HR “48.141r 7z-HR

AVERAGE FORECAST ERHOR 35NM 123NH 191NH 27ZNMAvt14AGE RIGH1 ANGLE ERIN3R 19NM 58NM 87NM 142NMAvER&6E MAGNI lIIDE OF uIND EQRUH 4KTS IoKrs 12KT> 10KTsAvLRAGE BIAS OF til NO ERRoR -2KTS -7U1> ‘12Kl~ -1OKTSNUMdER OF FOUECAS7S 26 25 21 17

72-HR29@4M139NM

lolir>-9KTs

18

TYPHOON IVY

06002 21 OCT TO 0000Z 27 OCT

24 HOUR FORECAST 4! wun FOREC~ST 7< I+(Y3H F13UECASI

ETNIORS mnol?s ERRO*S

OST IIINO PIJS1l u1140 US! 91NIJ P()>l 1 til NU50 .?63 -S 25. iIM &49.2c 5US5 239 -5 26. )N +50.2E 5555 llB ‘IO 2,.6N !W. dL

REST rRACK wARNINGFDnnu<

Post 1 WINL) POSIT WIND

21u600Z 16.6N J47.8t2112001 17.1 N 147.3E2118001 17.5N 1+6.7E

-,.LISI

2126

..----wl,NO

-5

POS1 T wINO19.6N 1.7. dE 4520.2N 14 EI.2E *519.3N 147. dE +5

20.2N 14T. uE ●5IE!.7N 1~3. iE +5It.9N 143. zE 50153.3N 145. iE 55

19.7N 146. +E 3519. EN 147. bE 05

2.3.1 N 149. <E /525.lN 150.uE t5

27.3N 153. EE /S25. IN 156. IE !52Y. oN 155. aE 70

3Z.2N 159./E ?5

29.4N 156. ZE 8S

3u.7N 155. eE us30.8?4 ls6.eE goJ1.2N 159. iE UO

33.7N 159. *E ?0.-. . ----- ------ ----- ------ ----- --

---- ----- -.

VSI wINI)262 -25220 -.?025b -30

297 ->5736 -3>au5 -3>7*O -.?5

30 16. EN 147.3E 253U 17.3N 147.7E 3035 i7.2N 147.3E 30

35 18. oN.247. oE 3040 17.3N 145.3E 35+0 17.5N 144:6E 40*5 17.3N 146~1 E +5

50 17.13N 146.7ES5 17. BN 147. IE ::60 113.8N 147.9E b(lb5 20.2N 1413:4E bO

70 Z1.8N 150.3E 6575 21.6N 151~eE 70?5 23.2N 152:5E 7085 25. oN 15+:4E d17

90 25. +N 154.5E 809iI 26.4N 15+Y4E 9090 27.2N 15s.2E 90M5 27.8N 156.4E 90

85 29.4N 156.3E 135?U 30. ON 157. oE 8555 31.3N 1513.3E 75+5 32.6N 159.6E 70

35 39.3N 164.9E 50

182 5 .?.d. HN i+7.3E249 5 Z3:3N ?4EI.3E138 U Zl~7N ?67.4E

o-539

55

55555s.bo

;;

bIJbO

W.---.-

-.-.--. .

-.--. ..-

.-

22 UUOOZ 17.5N 145.9E22 UbOOZ 17.3N 145.1 E221200Z 17. ON 145.4E221 BOOZ 17. ZN 1*6.2E

2300002 17.9.. 1+6.7Ez3u600Z 18.6N 147.5E

231?002 19.3N lIDR.2E231d00Z 20.4N 1+9. OE

24u OOOZ z1.3N 150.2E,?*0600Z ZZ. OW 151.6t2412002 23.2N 152.4E.?41S002 24.3N 153.5E

2500002 25.3.1 154.3E25u600Z 26.3N 155. oE251.?OOZ 27~N 155.5E2518002 2B.lN 155.9E

2bOOOOZ 273. tTN 156.3E2bu600L 30.2N 157.2E2b12002 32.3N ]58.6E2bi800Z 34.894 Ibo.3E

2700002 37.7N 162.8E

69

;:8

6‘+23436

-5-5

00

138 -5 +3N +47.6E

216 ’10 2U:3N ~*2.6E295 -10 19<6N !W, OE

2+8 -10 19. PN +43.9E

55 187 ’15 27. UN !+9.1 E5S 511 -2o 22.3N 142.2E55 b17 -20 2z.3N 1+1.7~60 595 -25 22.6N ~43.6E

554 -Zu3tJ2114

91

uo0

-5

233 ’15 d2:2N !+o.4E249 ‘lIJ 2df2N !47.5E

176 0 M04N 451.9E196 ‘Iu +O:QN !54.1 E

122 -1S 3Z:QN ~59. OE116 -15 +13:bN !bl. *E10Z -2!2 #+:3N ~b2. lE2’98 10 37:oN ~69. OE

36 0 34~zN 158.6E

$38 15 ---- -----128 25 ‘-t- ‘----217 35 ‘-o- ‘----

290 35 ‘--- ‘-----. -- -.. . --- .-

-- -- ---- ------- -- --i- -----

-- -- ---- -----

co 47U ‘3(J 25. ON !*6.8&70 47b -20 25. ON ~47.9k75 201 ‘;5 34.2N !58.3E75 192 ‘1O 35. SN !bl.7E

7s” d5b -ii) 36. IN 1b7. *k

:Is

t5.-.-.-

.-

.-

-5-5-5-5

2+ o.--.. .

3026

564

12331732

70 ZIEI65 Zl<65 ●*1

75 +35-. .--- ---- .-

-. . .-. ---. -.-. . .

. . --

1:40

40

------------

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36 015$0<5

.-

. .-.--

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---.-.--

1662

139

137 15 --*- -.

TYPHOONS #HILE wINO WtR 35KI swARNING 24-HH 413-H14 12-Hti

AVF-NAGE FOQECF, S I ERHOU 41NH lbbNM 330Ntl +OL!NM

AuEN46E RIGHT tINGLE ERROR Z3NH 77NN 1b7NH 241NuAVt.H4W wAGNITUOE OF wIND EQRON 6K 7s 1JK15 17KTS 23KLs

ALL FuKt CAS75dARNING 24-H! 4&-HN 72-FIN

40NM 1;6N[ 3.SONM +OEINM22NM le7NM 241NM

bhl S i3KT~ 17KIS 2361SiK7S lKT> -6Kl S -1561SAtit. HAGL t+li S OF WINO ERNoR lKTS lK1> ‘6KiS -15Kl S

NUMBER OF FOIKCASTS 22 2U 16 12

72

TYPHOON JEAN

12002 28 OCT TO 1200 03 NOV

HFS1 TRACK wARNIMG 24 HOUR ~URECAST s! tllJUR FORECAsr 1< HOU~ FOHECASTERRORS ER140RS ER16URS ERRORS

POSIT UINO2812002 19.4N 156.9E 302d1800Z 19.8N 156. SE 35

2900002 20.4N 156.2E 402906002 20.13N 156.2E 50291200Z 21 .6N 156.6E 60291 S002 22.1 N 157. oE 65

POSIT NINO19.3N 156~9E 30

20. sN 155s9E 30

USI uitto Pos I r blND 0S1 wIND POSI r wINO OS! #[l’Jo POS 1 T XINO L)S1 iINfI210 -15 313. % :71.3E 30 1007 -5.5?* -lrJ ___

6 “O”*9 -s

13 -5

13 s●l o

16 0

26 023 518 547 5

12 -~529 -~0

5 -5-. . .

-. ---. --. . -.-. -.

80

20 032 032 0

40 050 525 0

23.2N 153.1 E25. oN 152.6E

z3.2N 156.lE24. ON 156. *E22.3N 155.3E24.6N 158.6E

221 -15297 ’20

68 ‘2U

2% 2:

62 30

262 5263 15●98 10S08 5

237 -5. . -.-- -.-- --

-- . .-- ---- -.-- . .

133 10226 10261 5

-- -.

<1.9N ~58.2E<Ij, bl’i !61.2E

i7. sN !bO.15E28. oN 161.3E25~8N ~5T. OE<t)~oN !62. OE

40

*Oso7065

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---- -

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---. -

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---, -

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---, -

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-.-.-.-.-.. .-.-.-.. .-.-.. .. ..-

.- .--. --. . --. . --. . --. . ---- ---. --. . --. . ---- --. . -..- . .-. . ..- . ..- . .-. . .-. ---. --. . ---. -.-. ---. ---. --

20.3N 156!*E 35

20.9N 156~OE 5S20.9N 156s lE 6021.9N 157!2E 65

312

39n+005?9

-5

103535

--------------*-

36uOOOZ 22.9N ]57.3E

3006002 23.5N 158. oE3!41ZOOZ 24.4N 158.6E301800Z 24.3N 157.5E

65 23. oN 157.8E 6523.6N 157s6E b524.7N 158z6E 60

23.6N 157f9E 55

26.7)4 160.3E27. oN 15q. uE27.7N 102. uE25.2N 160.YE

23. oN 15z.5E---- ---#---, - --------- ---.-

2SX3N !66.9E?9s2N !65. +E---- --------- ---o-

Y+zY50

-.

15

15

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----

----

605550

.:-.

--. .

31 UO002 24.2N 156.3E31u600Z 24.6N 154.9E311200Z 2S. ON 1s3.4E3118002 25.5N 151. SE

45●O3s30

24. oN 156:3E 302t.2N IS5S2E 3025. oN 153s5E 30-.. . ---q- --

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. ..---0200002 26.5N 1%. OE 30 26.6N l$6~lE 30

0206002 26.9N 146.2E 30 27.2N 145~eE 300212002 27.1N 1*6.4E 30 27. oN 147~oE 30021800Z 27. *N 146.4E 30 27. ON 14b. eE 30

29.3N 146.3E

30.lN l*t.2E27. ?N 150. uE---- -----

---- ---o-

--;- -----

--;- ---*.

--;- ..--,-

--------------*-

--.----.

---. -.----

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0300002 27.1 N 146.7E 30 27.7N 146.lE 3003u600Z 26.4N 146.3E 25 27.2N 146~6E 300312002 25. BN 145.6E 25 26. oN i46xOE 25

---- --------- ---*----- -----

------

-- . .-- -..- . .

---- ---*---:. --------- ---o-

---.--

-..-.-

------------

--.--.

TYPtiOONS dHILE MINO OV~R 35Kr S ALL Fo~ECASTS

❑ARNING 24-H~ 413.HR 72-HRAvEUALiE FORECAST ERRoR

MARN I NG 24-HK 48-HR 72-N*24NM 219NM ~S9NH 1007NM

AvkITAtiE RIGHT aNGLE ERNOR

2bIAtl 239NM 489NM 1007NM16NM I+lNM 212NH 775NM lANM 14bNM 288NM 775Nu

AVtIL?AGE 14AGNITUOE OF wINO ERRLN4 5KTS l:~;~ 15KTS sKrsAut.RAGE Bit. S OF MINO E14RoR

3KTS 13KT5 113KTS 51(Ts.2KTS 3Ki5 ‘5Kr S -lKTS

NUMBER OF FORECASIS 12 Y-5●K7~ 10KTS -sKT5

1 20 1+ 8 1

73

TYPHOON KIM

0600Z 06 NOV TO 0000Z 17 NOV

L)Fs T TRAcK UA14NING 2+ H(]uH ~URtiCAST h? MLNIR FO14ECAS I I< HOUM FUMECAS1ERRoRS F RMOUS ttiHuAs b 0“,>”<

Pi)st I m

0606002 10. BN 153.2E0012001 11. zN 152. +L

0611300Z 11.6N 151.5E

07 UO130Z 12.lW ,50.7L

07uE.00Z 12.6N 149.8E0712002 12.8N 1413.9L071800Z 13. ON 1*8.2E

oHuOOOZ 13. ZN 1*7.4EOUUtIOOZ 13.3N 146.1 E081200Z 13.6N 144.6L0S18004 13. f3N 143. OE

IIND POSIT U1NF7

25 11. oN 152:9E 2530 11.6N 152:7E 3035 11.8N 151.5E 35

*II 11.9N 15121E 40+0 12.5N 150. oE +0●O i2.9N 149.1 E +0

45 13.1 N 148:6E ●O

50 13.3N 167.2E 5S

55 13.3N ]+6. OE b17b5 13.6N 1**.6E b5MO 13.9N 143. zE 70

95 1+. o,N 141~5E SO

105 ]4.2N I+o$2E 95110 14.6N 13e.5E loo

115 15. oN 137. oE 1135

lr!O 15.3N 135!6E 110120 14.8N 13*.l E 115

125 14..2N 132.9E 120125 1+.7N 132.2E 120

120 14.7N 131.3E 1.30115 14.7t4 130.7E 1201]0 14.7N 130.1 E 120110 14.7N 129.6E 110

110 14.7N 129.1 E 105105 14.6N 128.1 E 1u5i05 i4.6N 127:+E 105110 1*.6N 12b.2E 105

110 la.4N 125.5E ]1O115 Ia.bN ]2*. zE 110

115 1.4.6N 123. IE 120105 14.7N 122. IE 115

90 15.2d 120.7F. 9565 15.6N ]19.6E 9040 15.5N lIU. IE 6535 15.9N 117.7E S5

35 A6.4N 1113. oE *.5

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3000002 10.4N 142. tlE

3006002 10.3N lal.5E3012002 10.2N 140,2E3018002 10.1N 138.9t

3100002 9.9N 137.4E

3106002 9.5N 13s.9E3112002 13.9N 134.6E311 BO02 8.7N 133.2E

55 10.4N ]42:7E50 10.2N 141.BE*5 10.lf4 140.3E●O 10.2N 139. oE

40 10.2N 137.9E

40 9.9N 136*1E35 9.IN 13425E35 8.1 N 133~5E

35 8.lN 131:6E

30 10. oN 130.5f.

30 10. ON 128x8E30 9.9N 127.2E

9.8N lj8.4t.

9.5N 137. *E9.7N 135.7EY.9N lJ-3.9E

10.2N 133.3E9.7N lJO.. E9.lN lZ$. UE7.9N l..?ll. uE

ij4. OE!32.9E!31. lE430. OF.

!.?9.2E

!<5.5EA2~.5k:--- -

*O 13U40 1+240 130+0 153

30 19’J

20 29 -30 38. . --

5101010

0

,100

-.

.?37 5

.?2+ 5Iuz 5106 10

136 0-- -.-- . .-- --

.- .-

.- . .

.- .-

.- .-

-- . .-. . .-- .--. --

. . .-

. . .--. ---- . .

.---. .--. .. .-.. .. .-.. .. .. .--

3s

olo IJOOZ 9.4N 131.9E

01u600Z 10.1N 130.5E011.? 002 10.1N 12H.9EoIIUOOZ 9.9N 127.4E

35●O●545

4s403535

30302520

806n

12

.2

371971

102178155234

U.lN 125. *E

10.8N 125. JElL.3N lz3..iEL1.2N 121. uE

117 -5 ---- ----- -- -- --●O u ---- ----- -- -- --

71 15 i+?N ~113.2E 40 *+b 2013S 15 11.5N ~17. OE 40 *5M 20

---- --------- --------- --------- -----?0

02u OOOZ 10. ON ]25.9E

02(1600Z 10.2N 125. OE0212002 10.4N 124. IE

0218002 10. ON ]23. t3E

30 9.9N 125.8E30 10.4N 125.6E30 lo.7N 1z6.zE25 10.9N lz3. oE

20 11.oN 124. oE

20 1].3N 123~4E20 10. ON 12+..oE20 lo. oN 124. OE

11.2N )20. (Ell.l N 122.lE11. tlN 119. dE11.9N llu. bE

---- --------- ---------- --------- ---.-

3530.35?0

-.-.-.

220196361406

15lU1520

-.. ..--.

-----:---- -----

---.----.--.-.--.-.-

-.--.--.

-------.

---- --------- --------- --------- -----

------. .

0313U002 9.3N 123.9E

030bOOZ 8.*N 124. IE0312002 7.4N 12+. oE031t100Z 6.3N 122.7E

--.--0-

--;-----

---, ----. ----.----.-

-.-----.

----.---

------.-

-. ---- --------- -------, - --------- -----

.-----

TYPHOONS dH lLE @I NO OVER 35K T st8ARNlNlJ 2+-IW 48-MU 72-IIN

AvEHAGE FOPECAST ERROR 2*NM ] 2YNN +67Nti 34 lNM

AWLRAGE RIGHT ANGLE EIWUR 16NN I*&m 146?4)! 159N14AvE14AGE NAGNITUOE OF uINo EKQuN 5KTS 13KT~ 201(TS z~KJsAvLRA6E 814S oF #lNO EHUOR ZKTS lKIS -4KU ‘3KTSNUMdER UF FORECASIS 46 4* 39 2s

ALL FORt-CASrSMARNING <4-H! 48-HR 72-HH

3*NH lj5NM 256NM 299N1423NM U6NM 140NM 132NM

6KTS 12KT~ IBKIS 21Krs3Kls 3K7~ -?KIS oKTS

59 55 47 33

76

6. INDIAN OCEAN AREA CYCLONE DATA

TROPICAL CYCLONE 17-77

2000Z 11 MAY TO 0800Z 13 MAY

HES1 INACK w&u N1.AG 24 M,}”U }OUECAST 40 HUU* FORECAs I Ii H“UN tlJMP L.SI

Posl 1L14WJ~s FRRUMS

dINEJLHNUKS

POSIT #I N,) LISr IIIN[, Pos[ 1kti.lows

IllN,] 11ST MIN”llLULIOZ 17.6N US.9E 55 17. ld 89.5E J+

PLJS1 1 Ill Nil US1 .lNV Pu>l I .[NEJ LIS1 wIN,,4s -do lY.7N 91. *E 30 137 lU ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- --

l,?vMOOI 20.2.j 89.2E 60 2EI. lN f39.2klL.?OOOL ZI. FIN 90.4k *O 21.7N 139.3t.

6> b 5 24. lN HY. YE 35 117 10 ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- --10 61 +0 ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- .- -- --,. ----- -- -- --

13 U800Z 26. irN 91.9t 2S 25. I7N 92. LIE

13ES7 TRACK

POSIT uINU

1020002 1*.ON 66. J3E 35

11 EJ1300Z 19.7r4 65.2E 50lld OOOZ 19.8* b3.5E 55

12u MOOZ 20.2N 61.6E 601.?20002 20.6N 59.8t. 55

13u800Z 20.4N 5u.3E ●U

35 13 10 ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- .- ---- ----- -- -- --

MARNlrvL, 2+ HOUR ~URECAST +? MJUN FOHECAS t i< H13UK flj14E(, ASlElNN3~s

P(J>1 TERtiOQS kRIAUtiS EQUOUS

WIN:J LIST UINU POs I r wIND DSI wINU POSIT wINO UST WINO Po>l I19. ON 66. ML 40 0 5 21. oN 0$. >E 45

dlNII EISI wIN1>91 -lEJ .?3~4N 62.2E. 50 <14 -5 --. = ----- -- -- --

213.4N 65. OE19.13N 64. OE

20.1 N 61.2EZO.4N 59.8E

2u.9ri 58.3E

IJFSI TRACK

55 43 5 23. IN b2.’4E b5 lUZ 5 2>. TN 59.7E 65 3,M 25 ---- ‘---- -- -- --60 28 5 19.9N bU. /E >5 66 u ‘-~- ‘---- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -. --

6’1 13 0 20. *N 57. bE 45 28 5 ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- --00 12 5 ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- -- --, - ---, - -- -. --

POS11 Wlho PVS17 81NI)29?0002 13. oN s.5.2E 35 13.2N n5. IE 35

45 30 5 ---- ----- -- -- -- --:- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- --

301saooz 13.9*’ U3.4E 3530tOOOZ 14.7N E2.8E 3S

3108002 15.6N 80.3E +03120002 16.3N 79. oE 30

ALL kulfk CA>TS

@HN#Nb <Q-HE 68-MR 72-W*31N,4 idldM (JNM o NM31rw4 lC’ZNH ONU n NM

16KIS 11,Kla 0<7S flhlsF,hls l!2K7~ UKIS (3Klsa z o 0


2000Z 10 J(IN TO 0800 13 JUli

AvtIAAGE FORECAST EFAUORAVt. RA@. HIGUT bNGLE E15WRAVCHAGE MAGNITUL)t OF wIND ER+v3HAVLHAGL EEIAS oF .INU ERMO14N@ldER OF FORKCAS 1S

wARNIN(, 2* HouI+ k URECAS I .! ““UQ FORECAS1 ri Moue Fu*EcASlLRROKS FRUOHS

DS1 81NL)EHIAUHS t MUONS

POSI r mlND 13sT WINU13

Pos11 mINO 13Sr 91N0 Posl I *INU 0s1 *I N,}O 13.9N EM. bE +5 5b lU 14.5N EIU. LIE 55 122 25 ---- ----- -- -- --

1+.7N EW:3E 3515. oN W?. OE 40

15.2N 80.4E *O15.8N 7M:oE 30

AWLRAGE FORECASI EiN?oUAvkltAGE RIGH1 ,aNGLE ERlfURAvtIIAGE MAGNITUDE OF #IND ERUE3HAut.liACiE FIIAS OF NINO ERRORNUP03ER OF FOR,FCASrS

ALL FOHECA$, rs

wARNING &-H~ ●!J-HR 72-li1421NM 92NM 2 7UMM ONM21NM 85NM ,?50Nu ONM

+hrs 5t.T~ 15K1S 061>

4hrs OKT~ 10KIS 061sb~

~0


2000Z 29 OCT TO 20002 31 OC1

71 0 17.3N B2. >E 45 162 5 ‘-o- ‘---- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -. ---50 5 lb.5N 79. uE +0 12 u ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- --

25 0 ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- .- --05 0 ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- -- ---- ----- -- -- --

ALL FOMt.CASIS

wA*NING Z4-HK ●U-HR 7i!-HU45NM 77NM i22NM (mmJ04NN 7:jNM btENM oNtl

IRIS 5K1> 25KIS 13KlslMIS 51(T? 25KIS OKIS

5 3 1 0

*

.,

77


20002 10 NOV TO 2000z 21 NOV

BEST TRACK wARN IN(. 2+ HOUW FUREChST 40 HI>13R FORtCA.S I (< H(NJH kOHkLAS1.-,.-...FF!HW!S tl+rlcius tQl?oli>t..nwl>

OST●iNv POSI 1 “1*O23 ‘5 lt. ON 80. fE ●O

6 5 11.2N 71i. rIE *O6 !0 ---- ----- =-

17 -10 ---- ----- --

51 -10 13. ?N oo. bt >0

13 ‘5 15.5N 8z. iE >0}S 10 14.3N b4. cE bO

6* O 1*.3N 05. IE bOno O 15.5N 00. zE 05

4s O 1-4.9N 07. dE b539 0 12.9N 06. <E go

53 -5 ll.l N 6B. uE bO13 ‘5 lr?. zN 71.1 L >5

●1 -5 11.4N 73. uE 5053 0 11.2)4 11.lIE 50

59 5 13.2N 72.*E >572 0 14. o& i5. YE J(J

b+ ---- ----- --53 : ---- ----- --

POSI r dltw P051 T #lNO10<OOOZ 11.4N B3.9E ~0 11.&N S*:3E 35

051 WIND P051 I dIND LIST wIMI Pu>i I R’[Nb WI ,lNI).- --67 -5

33 0-- .-

-- --

116 U

2Q2 -ivle4 -5

175 -Ill232 -5

171 15227 1>

148 >146 >

93 513H 5

158 lU125 -5

-- --.- .-

---- --------- ------;- --------- . . . ..1+. FIN bl.2k

10.1N 58.5k1*.7N bl..i L

10:6N b2.3t16.8N bQ. -/L

14:9N 05. >E

13. lN 05.3f

13.3N bf5.7f1’+:3N b9. *F

13:HN 73. ”t13:+N 09.2F

--:- --------- -----

---- --------- ---.-

. . -- :- -.: ---.- .--.---.---..----.-.---..---. .-..--.

11u600Z 11.3,.)8?.oE 60 11.3N s2.1E 45llZOOOZ 11.ON 80.2E 45 11.ON 80.lE 55

. .--

.- -.-- --

--------

---- ----.-

.- ---- -.

12UM00Z 10.w, 78.6E 40 11. oN 78.2E 31J .- -- .- ---- ---- - -. --14i.?OOOZ 13.6!. 6E.2k *5 12.7N 68.5E 35 so

5550

50

---- --- .- -- --150~OoZ 14.5N 66.6E 50 14.*N 6b.6t 451520002 13.8+4 66.4E 5U 1+.~N 66.6L t,:,

--------

---o-

--- .-

-. --.- --

lbO~ooz 13.3N 66. EIE 60 14.2N 66.2E bO1LW2000Z 12.7N 66.9E 65 i+. ON 67.2E 65

399 -,?(7 ---- -.-+- -. .-.- --60 456 -5 ---- -----

40 ---- -----*I3 ---- -----

25 ---- -----20 ---- -----

15 ---- -----25 ---- -----

-- ---- ---.--- ---- -----

..- ---- ------- --*- -----

17uaOOZ 12.2., b7.2L 70 13. GN 67.2E 70lTdOOOZ 11, f3N 67.6E 70 12. Iw 66. BE 70

95 . . --.- --90

18ueOOZ 11.2* bEf.2E 70 11.6N 67.4E 6>1620002 10.6N 69.3E 65 10.5N 69*5E bo

7065

-. ---- -.

1908002 10. ]., 70.3E 55 lIJ.lN 71. oE 50

19 L000z 9. FII. T1.3E 5U 9.W 70.4E 50

6060

-- . .-- . .

201J800Z10.OF+ 72.3k 45 10. I3N 71*7E So202000Z 10.4N T3.2E ●5 11.5N 73.7E 45

.-

.---. .

-- ---- --

21U800Z 11.tTN 74.?E +5 10.9N 74.1E. 45ZIZOOOZ 16.5N 73.8E 35 15.3N 74.2E 60

. . -.--

.- .-

.- ----

&LL FOKt C4Sl S

wARNING” .?4-IW +b-dk 72-IW+lhM 1 >3NM 371N?I o NMAVkt?AGE FORECAST ERIAOH

AUtIfAGE RIGHT ANGLE EINIOR

AvEaAGE MAGNITUDE OF dIN13 ERRUKAVCHA6E B14S OF dlNl) EwCORNUMdER OF FOI?ECASIS

-Il$rs lKr} Ukrs OKIS

19 15 11 0


08002 15 NOV TO 20002 19 NOV

fl. sr 7kACK wARNING i% HOUR ~URECAST .? W)un f C)HECAS r (d II(WH ktAKELA51

t ftfw+s

posrl

ERNOPS E)NWN5 tueutis

dlNO PoS17 WIND iJSr #l Nil Pos I r .INO 13sT RINLI Pr3s1 I @IND OS I wIND PEM r UINU US I *I N,,

151J800Z6.ON L17.OE 50 6.lN 87:OE 501520002 6.5N M5.7E b5 6.2N 84.8E 60

bo56 ‘5

21 -!019 -5

60

32 0

19 518 -5

3’9 -5

92 0

6.6N7.7N

d~.etMI..3E

0510

107.?06

16210I3

12L15

-15-?0

6.tN E$CI.7EM.sN 78.4E

bs --------

--. *--- .,-

-. -. --.-55 -- -.

16u800Z 7.2:J 85.3E EIll T.oM 85. oE 71316 ZOOOZ 8.8N 8*.6L W 13.5N L34.5E 85

7 .9N

10. oN

d3. lE

L13. uEMO

14)0

100

?0

-150

90 <69 -15157 -10

--, -----

--- .----.-

-.. .

-----

.-

. .100

17u800Z )0.5N 133.9F. 95 10.4N 83.9E 95

1720002 11. GN L13.lE lUO 12.3N 82*9E 10u

l.i. ON12..5N

u.?. *EMI. *E

-5

-20

1>.JN M1.5E.1&:3N UI. BE

90*O

20 -&oMu -?.0

. ..-----

---. .---- .

. . .-.-

.-

. .. .

llludooz 13.0,4 8.?.2E 1u5 13.3N S2.lE 11018<0002 1*.\N EI1.7EI1O 14.2* 81.4E 10S

15.9N18.6N

UO.YEt3u. cE

lUOUo

-.

275’6

--

-10-lLI

---- ---------- ---+-

. . ---- -.

--------

---- ---- .-

. . .---

.--. --

190 LIOOZ 15.5N E1l. lE 110 L5.5N 81.fIE 1L1519<0002 17.2N EI1. OE 9U 16.3N 79. TE *O

.-o -

----

---- ----0 -

.--.

---- --------- -----

-.--

-- ---. -.

--------

---- ----- -

.- ----

----

6LL Ftvwcasrs

uAl?NINfJ L&-Hn &B-HU 72-HH30NM Y6NM 162NU oN14

2QNM i4NM lbl NM olvd

*MIS i2kr~ 28hfs OKl>-3h Is -i7K7~ -28xrs 06)s

10 8 6 0

AdL#t.GE F13RECAS1 ERRoUAVt.MA6E NIGHT ANGLE ERHORAV5-RAGC MAGNITuUE OF wIN?) EHQfJRAUtMAtiE BIAS OF NINU EHH13RMUMMER OF FORECASTS

78

CHAPTER VI - TROPICAL CYCLONE CENTER FIX DATA

1. INTRODUCTION totals. A discussion of the various recon-

During the 1977 storm season, 2373 fixeson the 21 northwest Pacific area tropical cyc-lones and 180 fixes on the North Indian Oceanarea tropical cyclones were collected at FleetWeather Central/Joint Typhoon Warning Center,Guam. Table 6-1, Fix Platform Summary, deli-neates the number of fixes by platform foreach tropical cyclone as well as season

naissance platforms is presented in Chapter.-,11.

Fix totals as listed in Table 6-1 inc-lude all fixes received from primary and sec-ondary sources whether real-time or after-the-fact of which all were used for post-storm analyses. Therefore, totals are insome instances, larger than those listed andevaluated in previous chapters of this report.

TABLE 6-1. FIX PLATFORM SUMMARY

FIX PLATFORM

WESTERN PACIFIC

TS PATSYm 02TS RUTHTD 04TY SARAHTY THELMATY VEsfiTS WANDATS AMYTY BABETS CARLATY DINASTS RMMATS FREDATY GILDATS RARR2ETTY IVYTY JRANTY KIMTY LUCYTY MARY

TOTAL

% OF TOTALNO. OF FIXES

TROPICAL CYCLONE

17-7718-7719-7721-7722-77

TOTAL

% OF TOTALNO. OF FIXES

AIRCRAFT

74.22

13101383

191

1482

121193311920—

211

8.9%

DMSP

18223821527454395014144

123713247365759716486

1199

50.5%

1313274626—

125

69.42

NOAA

39521624222626

: [3]10[1]’43[4]25[1]8[1]36[5]21[4]13[1]12[1]51[3]43 [1]54[7]

542[32]

22.8%

88

2:[3]11[2]

55[5]

30.6%

SMs—

5

2

~

30

1.26%

LRDR

8

12067

3988

411411

70

26—

385

16.2%

SHIPRADAR

4

1

ACR—

1

5

.2%

1

.04%

ToTAL NO.OF FIXES

693170319012616073

110287552251185495687974

223126209

2373

100%

2121356637—

180

100%

[ ] - FIXES RECEIVED FROM FNF SUITLAND IN END-OF-STORM SUMMARY PACKST AFTSR BEST-TIUiCKCOMPLSTRD AND ARE LISTED AT TSE END OF SECTIONS 3 AND 4 IUISPECTIVELY.

79

2. FORMAT

The fix data are divided into two groupsby geographical area and sequentially orderedwithin each group. For all types of fixes,the first four columns tabulate informationin the following format:

FIX No. - Fixes are numbered sequen-tially.

TIME - Day, hour and minutes (GMT) offix.

POSIT - Position of storm center in de-grees and tenths.

FIXCAT - Type of fix used (SAT - satel-lite, P - aircraft penetration, LRDR - landradar, ACR - aircraft radar, SRDR - shipradar).

The format of the remainder of theprint-out varies with the type of fix.

a. SATELLITE - Intensity estimates andtrends from visual data (when available) arelisted as derived from the Dvorak technique(NOAA TM; NESS - 45). Fix data from NO&l-4and NOAA-5 satellites are appropriately la-beled and indicate confidence numbers (CONF)if the U. S. Navy Fleet Weather Facility,Suitland, MD provided the data (see Table6-2), or Position Code Number (PCN) if USAFDMSP sites provided the data. Fixes based onIR data are appropriately annotated with IRDATA . Geosynchronous Meteorological Satel-lite (SMS-2) data are noted as such and maycontain occasional narrative comments andaccuracy estimates.

b. RADAR - The latitude and longitudeof the radar sites are given in the POSIT OFRADAR COIUmll, If available, plain languageremarks regarding the size, accuracy, andecho characteristics of the fix appear asreceived. Radar data sites using the stan-dard World Meteorological Organization (wMO)

Code include a five-digit code group for re-porting tropical cyclone characteristics ofsize, appearance and accuracy of location ofthe center or eye.

c. AIRCRAFT PENETRATIOli- Complete eyejcenter fix reports are obtained at levied fixtimes. Supplemental fixes are sometimes madeduring peripheral data gathering legs betweenscheduled fixes. These normally providedate, time and location only.

The categories of aircraft reconnais-sance information are as follows:

(1) ACCRY (Accuracy): The esti-mated navigation (first number) and meteo-rological (second number) accuracies areexpressed in nautical miles.

(2) FIX LVL (Fix level): A con-

stant-pressure-surface flight level (listedin mb) is normally maintained during a trop-ical cyclone fix mission. Low-level missionsare usually flown at 1500 feet (457 m). Thisaltitude, however, is not normally constantdue to maneuvers to avoid turbulence and tomaintain visual contact of the ocean surface.

(3) MAX OBS FLT LVL WIND: Windspeed (knots) at flight level is measured bythe AN/APN 147 doppler radar system aboardthe WC-130 aircraft. Values entered in thiscategory represent the maximum wind measuredprior to obtaining a scheduled fix. Thismeasurement may not represent the maximumflight level wind associated with the trop-ical cyclone because the aircraft only sam-ples those portions of the tropical cyclonealong the flight path. In many instances theflight path may be through the weak sector ofthe cyclone. In areas of heavy rainfall, thedoppler radar may track energy reflected fromprecipitation rather than from the sea sur-face; thus preventing accurate wind speedmeasurement. In obvious cases such erroneouswind data will not be reported. In addition,the doppler radar system on the wC-130 re-

TAELE 6-2. CONFIDENCE (CONF) WUNBERS AS A PUNCTION OF DVORAK TNUNSER AND lWYIIJSOF 90% PRORARILITY ARRA (NM).

TROPICAL CYCLONEINTSNSITY

T1.5T2.OT2.5T3.OT3.5T4.OT4.5T5.OT5.5T6.OT6.5T7.OT7.5T8.O

Q!Kw

6060605045454540404030303030

CONF (2)

12012012010090909090808070706060

CONF (3)

170170170150140140140130130130120120100100

80

stricts wind measurements to drift anglesless than or equal to 27 degrees if the windis normal to the aircraft heading.

(4) MAX OBS SFC WIND: The maximumsurface wind (knots) is an estimate made bythe Airborne Weather Reconnaissance Officer(ARWO) based on sea state. This observationis limited to the region of the flight path,and may not be representative of the entirestorm. Availability of data is also depen-dent upon the absence of undercast conditionsand the presence of adequate illumination.The positions of the maximum flight levelwind and the maximum observed surface wind donot necessarily coincide.

(5) OBS MIN SLP: The minimum ob-served sea level pressure on a 700 mb fixmission is obtained by applying the minimum700 mb height.to the following regressionequation:

SLP (MB)=.115 (700 mb HGT [M]) + 64s

This relationship is accuratewithin +3 mb in most cases. However, if the700 mb Fenter and the surface center are notvertically alligned, the minimum sea levelpressure will be erroneously high. If thesurface center can be visually detected (e.g.

in the eye), the minimum sea level pressureis obtained by a dropsonde released above thesuTface vortex center.

If the fix is made at the 1500 footlevel. the sea level Dressure is extrapolatedfrom that

height ofcenter is

level. ‘

(6) MIN 700 MB HGT: The minimumthe 700 mb surface in the vortexrecorded in decimeters.

(7) FLT LVL TI/TO: This categorydenotes the maximum temperature measured inthe center [TI) and the ambient temperatureoutside the center (TO). The outside temper-ature is measured just prior to entering thewall cloud. Both temperature observationsare in degrees Celsius and are made at flightlevel. Reconnaissance aircraft seldom pene-trate on the same azimuth from one fix toanother; thus, the position of TO normallyvaries both in bearing and range from thecenter.

(8) EYE FORM/ORIENT’ATION/DIA: Theshape and diameter (rim)of the eye is deter-mined by visual observation or by radar pr.S-sentation analysis. This is reported only ifthe center is 50% or more surrounded by wallcloud. For elliptical eyes, the size of bothmajor and minor axes are given in nm.

81

3. WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC FIX DATA

MAX 055 M$lx 06s 0)ssbIA F+r LvL wIND St g !llN,j mkw

LVL Oln VEL twrb HNti VCL dH6 #Nb SI.+

MIN FL I7uo% LVL EVE

?lG~ rlfro bwrv

fix

NO.

1t3II5brdY

Iu11

Id1314

151017

I IMEFl& ACCRVCA I NAV-Mk. ?PoSIT

1 .1.4 16b. +E1.5N lbt..3El.b.i lbb.,)E1.9N lb..l~d.9d Ib*. zE

*.ON ltl J.8t.?.64 ltA.2E2.6w 16>. lE3.ON ]63. SE3.5+ 16J.lE3.oN 16Z.lE3.5N 163.(,E3.4N 163.5E2.7N [email protected] 16<.2E3.13N16?.sE3.6N 165.4 F-3.SN Ib5. oE3.7N 164.8t3.VN 16.+.2L3.8,X 165. IE3,?v 165.1 E3.5N 163. ITE4.1.A lb5..3t+.l N 165.5Ee.lw lb5.5E*.l N 165. +E4.1 N lb5.3E2.3w 16$. oE2.ON 163. oE2.ON 163.2El.?m IbJ.2E2.1 N 162.5E2.ON 16Z.3E2.2N lb2.3E2.4!4 1*1. flt3.5N 161.6L3.3N i61.5E?.9N lbl.7E3.7* lbl.l L*.l N 160.6E

*.ON ]6(3.2E4.2t4 161J.13E+.15N 159. OE5.6v 159.2E5.5N 159.3ES.3W 159.2E5.7N 159. lE6.3ti 15 LI. *Lb.6N 156.4E

6.2N 15M.4E

6.3N 158.2ti6.9w 157.2E7.1 N 151J.6E7.5ti ]50.5E7.IN IS6.6EU.IN 15*.6En.3r4 154. FJE9.or4 154. oE8.6N 15*.6E8.8N ]53.8E8.2N 15+. ]EtI.6N 15+t5E9.9N 15*.5E8.13N 155. oEB.2N 155so E

10. ON 15*.3E8.OV I~YtoE9.6N 151. oE

21212+721212.372F21130=,?2210067.2Zz!]sl<222233/2.?224?22302371Z3V753L2309?1 z23092?2

Sk r

m rSA fSa Iw rSA ISA i

+5A 1SA 1SA 1SA 1SA 1SA I% ISA tSA rSA 1

<12.0/2. ” / / HMS)<rl.lz/l. v / / HKS)(IR uAr,5 }(Ii? VAT. )(12.0 /2.” / / Hus)112.5/2.5 /Od.5/Z5tiU5)

llR 13ACA15 5 15LIU <au 42 1:0

(IR DAr A 1(IR u4r& 1(IH UA14 JtlR D4rA 1(IR DAf)i{11.5 /?.,1 / / HITS;(T2013/2. ” /s /?4tiHS)(11.5/2.0 /M1. u/24MMs1

NOAA-5Vet.5 !ir7AA-5

NOA4-5NOAA-5

PCN b UMSP

NOAA-5NOPA-5

.s0 .$S. 2JUPCN b u*SPPCN 6 NOP-4-5PC?. 6 NOAA-S

NOAA-S96-2

PCP, 6 lZF4SV

(CONF 011

(CONF 02)

(CONF 02)

15 -

(cONF 02)

(CONF 01)

10 100<

(CONF 01)

1--

.-

2309241232,,10223203+723203v[<32156?232158223215qI24 U+06Z

PCN 6 UMSP

NOPA-5PCN 3 NOPA-5PCN 6 NOAA-535 ●U 29u

PCN 6 UMSPPCN 6 XOP#.-5PCN 6 !IOPA-5

NOAA-5PCN b UPISP

PCru 6 UMSPPCN b NOAA-5PCt, 6 NOAA-5PCN 6 NOAA-5vCh 6 NOAA-5

NOAA-5PC* 5 NOAA-5

Sns-zIJCN t. QMSPPCN 6 UAISPPCrU 6 N~tI1:

NOAA-5

PCN 5 NOAA-5PC* 6 NOAA-5

S!!S-2PCN 6 UMSP

PCN 6 0rs5PPCW 5 NOAA-5

SNS-2NOAA-5

PC& 6 NOAA-5VCN 5 NOAA-5

5 05 120

10 55 250

(IR oArb )(T1.5/,2. (, / / HHS)

20 15 7013 L*U +5 2.20(IR DArfi )(1R DAla )(1R OATb ){lR DArn )(IR 0AT6 >(1 N/1. U /M1.5/2.MNs)[T o/]. u /H2. o /217 HNS)(IW IJAT4 }(IR UAIA )Ilk C)AIA I(TZ. O/2. O /UL1.5/24HR5)

172.0/2.0 /DL. !J/2wiHS)iT1. u/2. LI / / HNS)(IR 17A1A )(]U UArA )IIR OATA )112.5/Z.5 / / I’Nrsl{13.0/3.0 /oi. u/2*lNrs)473. !3/3.0 /ol.lA/24Mlr5](12.5/2.3 / 1 tins )113.0/ 3.0 /02.0 /24HRS)(In DATA ){IR OArA

%:%:5 ;:, s/x:::[

ijR DAIA 1(13:5/3.5 /012. LW25MMSl

7 70U 32U 60 240lU 4 700 30 30 250

fill DAra 1

P

Sh tSA iSA rs,a rSA rSA r5A rsATSATSA 1sAT

24rl 76172w83qz2*1(1347201035Z2%027z2+2027z

2b2114z2421 Lh.z25u95,, z25u95nz252226L2522262

(CONF 02)3U313233.4*3536313LI39+0

5ArSA rSA iSA rSA ISA ISA rSd rSA ISA rSA iSA ISA r

260115<2601?5R726085qz26090rIZ26201Qz26 Z)42Z262142/2b2147/270115/27084hz

(CONF 01)

27084722T1(11137272019z27225L727225+72?22552272311z

28041572806342

2808351

SA r<AISA rSA 1

P

(CONF 02)

10 981

10 99 r

999

(CONF 01)

30 1003

(CONF 02)

1003

(CONF 01)

(cONF-02)

(cONF-02)

29d 19 9 ELIP9 CIIAC

1-

*-

N-S 15XAU15

45P 300 11

15

11 ,

Sir

SA IPCtu b UMSP

PCN b Ur4SP

PCN 6 NOAA-5lo --PCN 5 UMSP

NOAA-5PCh 5 NOAA-5

do 70i% 6 U14SP

NOAA-5PCN 6 NOAA-515--Pck 6 UMSPIJct. 5 LJMSP

NOAA-5

PCN 5 NOAA-5PCi% 6 NOAA-S

NOA4-5

VCN 6 UM>PNOAA-5

(Iii L)ATA >

280934z28143$228212nz282207228221 1,?29 U40n72Y0822Z29 U853Z.29i047z2914b.Iz2921 (J7Z292117uz29231ez2923232301 OO3Z3010062302056230223*Z

5A TP

sAr5A TSAT

D

(IR 13AIA i10 4 70U <3U 50 150

ill? OArA ){71.5/2.5 /,14. u/z+HRS)(T3.5/3. b /S /24HU$)

4 2s 70U <Uo 28 90{Ill UArA )(IH OATA )(In LrAT& )

1 20 700 Y9U 15 360

--

--

. .

.

.

6

7SA 1SA ISA 1

PSA rSA iSATSA rSA rSA rSA rSA I

11 10 -111. o/l. Ll / / tins)lT1. O/2. 0t/U2. S/23rlHS)(12.0/2.5 /[email protected]/25HRs)(174 OAIA )tIR OAr& )(1R OAIA 141 0/1.0 /ul. u/z4trns)(11.0/1.5 /ul.o/23rrKs)

82

FIXNO.

1

23

1+15lb1718192(J21

z2*252b272829.s031

TIME

2323487

Z402013224232~/25005422501OOZ

251025z2510?5225114nz251145z2514+tl Z2523119Z25231rIz26 OO1OZ2600172260030z2603202260322Z

260322Z

261056Z2611552261155226125’?z2b1606Z2616,14Z261811 Z2622587262258?2623337.2703047270305z27u*157

POSIT

18.3X] 8.3N15.2Nlb.5M]6.5t4]6.6N15.9Nlb.3N16.5N17. ON1L4.7NlB.5N18.1 N19.13N19.8N20.4N

20.6N20.’SN21.8N21.2N22. ON20. ON21 .EN22. BN23.3Nz3. BN?l.5N24.5tA?4.6Nz6.7N2+.. 3?4

124.8E

125. oE12B.2E1213.5E12 LI$4E1213.3E127.7E12s.2E12B:OE12B.3E127. +E127z4E127t5E129s2E12B.7E12920E129:oE129.1 E129.5E

129f4E12Y.3E12b.9E129.*E129.8E130.2L130.5E130.3E130:6E131. oE

13u.8E131.6E

TRO~I~AL OEPRESSI ON ,?FIX POSI!IONS FOB CYCLUNL ND. z

0000Z 26 MAY TO 060UZ 2? ISAYMAX OBS ?@x OLZS

FIX ACCRY Flx FLT LVL #lNO SFC WINDCA I NAV-MLT LVL Ulij vEL erNi FING VE~-BRG RNG

5A 1

SA 1w 1sATSA 1SA 15A tSA1S.AIsA1Sk ISAr2A rSA I

P

s;1SA 1sATSA rSATSA1SAT

SAIP

SA rsArSATSA rSA r

P

<To/0/ / nRS1

[IR ;ilh[T1. O/l. o/ / HISS;(11.0/1.0/ / HRS)(11.0/1. O /01. U/25tlRSl(IR I)AIA )([R LAAT,5 )(1R OArA )

(IR OhfA >lT2. o/2, u-/Dl. U/24MRS)( IR OATA )

(T2. O/2. 0-/01, O/23HKSl

6 5 1500 !BO 30 10055 7oo ---

(lR OArA 1( IR DATA 1(IR OATA )~ II? OAT# 1(IR DA7A )(IR DAl& )(IR Ohfb 1(1R OAT& )

5 15 700 210 2s 110(1R DATA 1(72.0/2.0 /S /24HKS ){11.0/2.0 /wl. u/2+ Htis){11.0/1.0- / / HRS)(IR DAtA )

s 2 1500 50 25 290

PCN s ric.AA-5PCN 5 UMSPPCN 5 OMSP

NOM-SPCN 5 OMSPPCN S UISSPPCN S UMSPPCN 6 13MSP

NOPA-5PCN 6 QMSPPcti 5 UMSPPCN S IZMSP

N~-5

PCN 3 ~MSP40 35 130. 10 270PCN 3 LN4SPPCN 3 ~MSPPCN 5 UMSP

PCN 5 UMSPPCN 5 ~;~~~

PCN 5 ~SPPCN 5 UMSP30--PCN 5 UMSPPCN 5 WSPPCN 5 P61SPPct4 5 U*SPPCN 5 ~MSP40 25 300

OBSMINSLp

(cONF 01)

(C4NF 02)

(CONF 02)

60 100120 100!

[CONF 02)

. loo?

25 100-r

S@ FLT700W LvL EYE

tscj~ TI/ro FO~M

23 24 -31U 13 13 -

31A 11 11 -

. 23 23 -

UR[E*!AllLtN

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POSITEY: UF MSNOIA R&DAR NMLm7

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OIJOIAZ 05 JUL TO ubouZ Ub .NJLMAX OBS M~x 08.$

FIxOHS

Fi& ACCRV FIX TLT LML WIND s~C. dlNnNo. TIME POSI r

NINCA I NAY-MET LvL oIk VEL ERG RNG VEL BHG HNCi SLY

1 0212562 15.3N ],?o.6E SAI (IR DAIA I PC. 6 NOAA-5

Ws I 1w I t3v- Eic Uk qSN!firluM 013 RALIAN NNd@

0223572030131203060520312107031647z03234’+2032365z

0+ OO+7Z0403472

04034720411272041 230?

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116.sE

116. oE116.1 E115.9E116.1 E

113.oE113.5E

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))1

PCN s UMSPIJCN 5 NOAA-5PC* 5 U*SPPCN 5 NOAA-5PCN 6 UMSPPCh 6 UMSPPcN 5 ur6SPpCN 5 NOPA-5

PCN 5 UMSP

PCN 5 UMSPPCr. 6 NOAA-5PCN S UMSPPCN 5 U14SPPCW 6 L14SPPct$ 5 U14SP

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SA rSA ISAT

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1+.6N18. *Q17.6N

04162070*162QZ16 (IR C2A7A

25 2s -

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---

---

0422227042333704?333205033070s033020s034s205121*Z05121MZ0512397

17.8Nin.lNin.4N18.1 NIM.5N17.5N20.1 N

11+.2E11*. oE112.7E113:0!113.1 E133.1 E111.9E11u!5E111s3E111t5E111.5Ellu.5E109.6EI1O.2F.

10904E

s;rSA ISA rSA 1

D

10 30 15no 15U 28 90(T1.O/l J /5 /20rols)

/24tiRS).u/28H14s)

oATb700 17U 3U +0

IIR)OAIA )(IR DATA i(IR OATA )

100

PCNPCNPcrlPCN

150PCNPer.PCN

,?5 906 ~HSP5 UMSP3 UHSP5 LN4SP

so 705 ~MsP5 IAMSP5 NOAA-5

sin-26 UMSP6 IAMSP5 UMSP5 UMSP

sin-2

50 991 :4

4

lT1. O/l J3 /S(T2. o/2. o /DL(IR

Iu lU 15U

(CCNF

99>

01)

silSAISA r

20. ON20.3N]9. utv20.4N19.5N22.0.422.5N20.94

2b2?2U2Y3031

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SA 1SATSA 1SA 1SA rSA r

(1R OAT6 t(IR Dart, )(IR l)ATA )(1 0/1. O /M1. U/24 f0iS)11 0/] .0/ / tins)[11.0/ 1.0 / / tins)

PCNPcl.Pcr4PCN

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14LOVPOSIT CA I NAV-MCT LVL OiM vEL FmlG 14MG VllL f3RG HNG sty

M]N FLT7001W LvL E“k

IIG! TI, T13 F“NMUU I EN-!AIIUN

13.OV13.7N13.6N]J.8N13.5N13.2N]4.5rA1>.ONi4.4N14. ?N1*.9*16.6tA1*.8N15. *N15.3N15.6v

15.5N15.6N15.7N15.6.N15.5N15.2N]5.7t915.3N15.5N15.9N15.9N1 b.JrNlb.l IAlb.4NI 7.2Nlb.5M1(. ON17.5M17.1 N17.3N17. IZNI ?.3N) 7.(3V17.3-A17.7NI 1.5-4

129.5t1?9.5E

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127.7E12UXOE127.7E12 f.7E12b.7E121. IE120.9E125.7E125.9E125.4E1?5.1 L125. oE1211.9E12+.8E124.3E124. IE12*.2E

SA 15A iSAT‘3ArS/i ISA rSA rsAlSA ISA ISA 1561S&I5A rm T

P$A TSA ISA I

P5Ar

[T U/ 0/ / lilts]IT 0/ 0/ / HHS){11.0/ 1.0 1 / MMS)1117 UATA )(IR OATA I(1R DATA 1

PC* 5 II*SP

PCN 6 UMSPPC* 5 LNASPPCh 5 UMSPPC* 5 i2MsPPC* 6 UNSPPC. 5 rN3PA.5

NOAA-SPCL 5 LN4SPPC* 5 ufssPPC,, 5 UMSPPCk 5 NOAA-5

WC* 5 LN4SPPC* 5 U*SPPC* 5 UMSP

150 5’3 130Pcw 5 UMSPPCfu 6 VMSPPC* 5 U*SP---

PCN 6 NOAA-5NOAA-5

PCN 6 ~MSPWCN 6 UMSP.jO-.

PCN 3 U*SPPch 5 UMSPPC* 3 LIMPPCN 3 NOAA-5

.?20 >U lIAUPck 5 U*SP

PCN 5 UMSPPCN S UMSPPCN + UMSPPCN 6 UMSPPCN 5 NoAA-5PCN 6 IN4SPPCN s UUSP

i)o --Al --

Pen 3 LN4SPPCN 5 U*SPPCI” 4 UMSPPC* b UMSPPC. 3 NOAA-5

NOAA-5

PCN 1 uisPPet” 1 UAFSPPCN 1 lJJ~PCN 1

PC* 1 LN4SP

15 lUU 50

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li~ oArfl illH 04Tfi )~TZ. O/Z. u /OZ. U/24HHS)[T2.13/z. ” /02. u/24HHs)(T2. o/2. o /01. u/24HHS)[In oArblIFl 13ATA

(CONF 01)

30 993

997

(CONF 01)

983

20 98 f

. 9739bb

(cONF 02)

Ill111<l.i

(1R OATA(IH LIATA

15 700lIR OAT&(IR OATA(JR DATA

3 10 700IIR LIATA

30+

300

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daa27?

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270

27!

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3 10 lull <90 33 210113.5/ 3.5 /01. !J/24M14S)(13.0/3.0 /131 .O/24MRS){13.0/3.0 /1)1 .lJ/24MRSiLIR 0A14 )

55 700 190 40 1s0

SA rSAT‘iA r=,A 1

PSA ISA (sa rSA ISA ISA rSA ISA r

PP

SA rSA I

17 12 CINC bu

221z335/2210117.2.zlflll/221!,33?.?2115, Z22143572214362221546/2220507222253122225ht

(IR OATA I(II?UIITA )

([R O&Tb )IIR OATA )(IR L3AT0 >(1R L)ATA )

35 7UU .+Uu 55 11033 7UU *U 60 3b0

(T4.13/4. O /01. U/25tiRS)(T4. o/4, u /01. U/251ilAS)(7*. o/6. u / / rots)(IR OArA 1(ra.sth.b / / MMs)

N-S

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17.5N1 7.6N17.71AI 7.6rA17.5N18.lrJ16.2N17.9V18.2N

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124.2E123.8E123.8E12z.5EIZ3.4E123.5E123. $E123.5E123.5E123.4E

123.4E123.3E

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SA rP

LW3R

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LIAURLHUWLHURLUURSA rSb ISAISA ISA ISA ISAT

- 21640- 21610-20611- 20451

(IR L)ArA )(1U OATA )(In oArA ){II+ 0A7A )(1R OArA )tlR 13ATA )(IR L3ArA )

22 70U Ilsv 60 1*O([R oAr A )IIR 0A7b )

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- 51ffl- 511f/

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PCN 3 NOAA-S

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PC* 4 NOAA-5PC* 2 UMSP

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Pch 1 y14sPPCN 3 ubrSP

15 16 ELIP

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!YWOON VEI?A

FIX P051!IONS FOR CYCLONE NO. 70000,? 28 JUL TO 060UZ O! AUG

❑AX 00SFIX

*AX GAjs OnsACCRY FIA FLT LVL MINO $FC dIt+rr mjri

CA r NAv-mtT LVL ot~ VEL 9RG RNG VtL-ERG RNG SLPlIwE

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281613z2B1613Z28211122821117213215’$z2f32355z282357zZ9031672903142290314z29031572903*IzZ90932Z29095322909s32Z91035Z291223z291Z31Z29143.)z291S5S229155.522920*3z29 Z2362292236z29233.2

300058?3OO1O7Z300237Z3u0256Z300256z300847Z30103773U1037Z3oll17z30111723011472301154230120073olz14z3012187301260z3U13007301300Z301+002301400Z301+002301500Z301500230150!3230153823o153az301600Z

3u1600z3016013Z30170073017002301700Z301 EIO13Z301800Z3011300?3019007301900?301900Z3020007

MIN FL T700W LvL

POSITlJl.!l EN- :Vp UF MSN!AIIuN Dla RAuAR NMbR

FIxNo.

1

i3e56789

101112

L.rI*

1516

II1s19,?llzl22232*,?5

EYLFORM

-

.

.

-

CIUC

Cll?c

EL I,?

ELiP

ELIP

CIRC

P13S(7

Zb.SN 13u.6E

?6.9v 131*7EZ5.4N 131.7E25.6?4 131.6,E?S.SN 131.5E25.5N 130.7E25.5N 131t4E?b.4Fv 131.1 E25. I3N 13u. !3E25.6tv 131*1E75.6!4 129:6E25.5* 129*6E25.5N 13u~4E25.2N 129.8E

25.5N 129~6E25.4N 13u.3E

HG!

z9g

29 r

29!

241~

28>

.?6>

,?5 f

24!

24?

25U

11/10

25 2613 13

15 i4

14 12

15 11

16 10

18 14

19 15

17 1+

18 12

lr 13

SA r

sATSATSA [w IsATSA r

SA 1SAT5A TS4 rSA rSA 1SA rSAT

PP

SA rP

SAT5A TSA 1SA 1SA 1SA r

PSATSA 1SA rSA r

PSA ISA rSA 1SA rSA r

PSA r

PSh rSAISA ISA~

SA rP

SA 7SAT

s: 1SATSAT

SkrSA I

PSA ISA r

s:1SA ?SA I

SA r5A rSATLRORSA 1SA rSATLROFfLRVRLRLNFLRORLIILN7LIUFRL17LN?LRL)RSATSA rL?IORLUORLHc)RLWRLI?ORLRURLRORLRLIRLI?ORLUURL14UULi4URLHUR

tr 0/ 0

(IR OAT.(T1. O/l+O[ IR OATA(IR DAIA(IR DATA[IR OATA(IR OATbIIR DATA[IR OATA112,0/2.0(Tz.5/z.5lT3. o/3.0(12.0/2.0

/ / 14Rs) PCN 5 I@AA-s

PCN 6 NOAA-5PCN S UNSPPcti 5 NQAh-5PC* S NOAA-5Pcfv s UMSPPcw 4 UMSPPCN 5 NO.U-5Pch 5 pMsPPck s qMsPPCN 3 ~MSPIJCN 5 UMSPPm 3 UMSP

NOAA-S?CN S ti08Jt-5

●U”350- ?0 330

PCN 4 VMSP70 50 270PCN 4 LNSSPPCN 3 VNSPPC* 3 NOAA-5PCN 4 NOA4-5

)+/ 01.0/22 NNs)

1)))

/ / HRS ;/01.5 /24 FIRS)/ / HRS)/ / NNs) (mF 01)

25 988

35 w I

30 98 t

986

971

(CONF 01)

25 9 1!?

10 95U

. 9+0

. 93L

(CWF 01)

. 92>

32 933

(CC+IF 02)

(IR E)ATA3 5 1s00S5 700

IIR DA7A25 700

(1R DATA(1R OATA(1R OATA{IR OATAIIR OArA

--. .--

-.

-.

E-u

SE-NW

>u-Nt

11

2

.?S.5N i30.2E?5.4N 129.3E25.1 N IZ9:4E?5.4t4 12Y.6E25.4N 129. SE2S.3N 12Ys5E26. ON 130.2E25.5N 12b.9E

25.3N 129!zE25.3P4 129.1 E25. ZN 129. IE25.3N 128.9E24.9+ 128~5E25.2N 128.3E?4.8N 128.4E2$.13N IZI). IE2’5.0$4 128. oE?4. IIN 127. EE2+.8N 127.8E26.9N 126!4E24.8N 127.9E:4.8N 127. tIE2*.3N 126.8E?4.4N 12b.7E24.5N 126:8E24.4N 12b..9Ez+. ON 1Z6:7E

23.5N 12b.7E23.6F4 126*1E23.ZN 126*2E23. ON 126*IE23.3N 125.7:23.4N lZS.6E23.5N 125*5E23.3N 125.9E

.

)11I PCN 3 titasP

trR OAIA

Z5 700 +V so 3:0(IR D41A 1{IR OArA )lT3.5/3.5-/Ol .V/24HNS)113.5/ 3.5 /013.5 /2WRS)

23 700 llfJ 5s 100tIR DATA 1(13.5/3.5 /01.5 /24HRS)I IR OATA )

PCN8

F’CvPCNPCNPCNS5

4 UNSP-.

272U29.3(I3132

;:

3$ml373e394U● 1●2+344456647●8+95051

3 U14SP5 LiNSP3 U*SP

3 IN4SP--

3 NOM-5NOPA-5

1 OMSP1 VMs?1 II*SP

60 3001 ~NSP

to 2s01 UMSP1 IM5P+ NOSA-54 NOAA-51 NOAA-s

3PCN

PCN414. s/4.5 /tT4. o/4. o /

23 700trR DArA

43 700tlR OATAIIR OATA(IR OATA$lR OATAIIR OA7A

/ *S)/ FINS)

10 65 300

I*O 90 04)51

;)

360 100 2:0I1

---

PCNPCN10Pcti

15PCNPCNPCN

3

4

PCNPCNMlPCNPch.

33 700 ----1 UNSP4 urns?

-.

IIR OATi -(IR 0A7A

2115:0/s:: 0/01 .5/24NRSl115. s/s.5 /oi. o/2onmIIR DAI& )

{TS. O/S. O /U1.5/25NRS)t7s.5/s.5 / 02.0/28 W4SI

25 7oo ---CIR OAIA 1tIR OAla 1

24 700 +40 100 170(IR OATA )IIff OATA 1(1R O&T& 1(1R 0AT4 }I IR OATA 1(1R OATa )

PC* 1 WISPPCN 1 UMSPPet. 1 urns?

NOAA-5

Pcf! 1 WISP..-

23. SN 126. oE23.3N 125.6E23.3N 125.5E73.3N ;25.6E23.2N 125es~23.6N 125.2E23.7* 124:9E23.7N 125:4E?3.8N 126.9E23. SN 124. sE23.4N 124.9E22.9N 12s.l E23.7N 125*oE23.6N 124*7E23.6N IZ4:6E23.7N 124..SE23.8N 120.9E23.7N 124:9E23.8N 124.8E?3. L3N lZ*. aE23.8N 124.13E23.9+4 124s6E23. S!N 124.6E23.9N 12+.6Ez+. oN 124:2E3+.l N 124.1 E2+. ON 124:SE23.9N 124.5E23.9N 124.5E2+. Oti 12+.4E23.9N 124.3~23.9N 12*.3E?*.l N 12*.2E

?*. ON 12+:3E?*. ON 12~:3E24.1 N 12$.2E2+. oM IZ+. IE24.04 12+.2E7+.2N 124.2E

535+S5565158*9606102b36+

s

6

PCN 1 l@5PPC* 1 EN4SP

12 OS ]60

PC* 4 UMSPPCN 6 ~NSPPCN 2 E!MSPPC?+ ? L!NSP

PCN 1 pow:

- 10312(IR OATAIIR OA7AIIR 12ArA

- 10433- 11412- 10413- 11311- 11311- 10472- 11411- 11411

(1R OAIA( IR OATb

- 10742- 12411- 10313- 10791- Z2631- 11563- 10582- 12511- 11733- 11472- 10511- 11713- 10572

)11

. --- 24.3N 124.2EPC*) b U*SPPcw 4 ENASPPC*. 4 Nor64-4

be61em69707172;37+7576t7rn79

--- 2+. ON lZ1. bE--- 24.3N 124. ZE

. --- 24. ON 121. bE

. .-. 2*.3N 124.2L- --- 24. +N 12s.3E

--- 2%. UN l.?l. bE. --- 2*.3N 144.2t- --- 2+.UN 125.3E

.

.

.

.) Pck 1 UNSP

) PCN 1 sNrsP.<’

- ------

- ---. .-.. ---

---- ---

---- -..- -..

-..---

- -..

24. UN24.3N2+.8N24,0N2*.3N26.!4NZ*. UN2+.3?4Z4.6U24. UN24.3N2*. 8N24. ON

lZI.61.1<*. zEJts.3E121. bEld*.2E145.3E121. bE12+.2E125.3Eltl. bL

12*. ZL1.z5.3klr?l.6E

.

...

aYvu

89

9J 302000/ 2+.l N 124.1 E LMILQ - 116319? 30 ZOOOZ ?+.14 IZ*.2E LdUR - 1161393 3CI21OOZ ?4.3M lZ*.lE LRlN4 - 10575W 3021OOZ ?+.2N 12..1[ LINJR - 10511

.

.

.

.243 20 12 CI14C

.

.

-..--.. .-..-.--.

-..-. .---.

-.--. ..--..-

---.-.--. .. .. .. .. .-.--. .--.------.E-u----

---.

----

.-

.-

.-

15.-.

.

.

.

.

.

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.

.

.

.

.

.-..

-

-.

95 3U21OOZ ~+.lM i20. oE LRUR - 1161396 3021+?z .2*.2N 12*. oE P 3 5+7 3u2200z 24. *N 12.. oE LROR

7u0 .?OU 105 lbLI- 10382

9LI 3022007 ?4.3N 1.211. oE L1413R - 1251199 302ZOOZ 2+.3N 12*:o E LlC13R - 10511

IOU 3022192 ?4,2N 124. oE 5A1 (16.5/6. > -/D1. O /211iW)

<u -- qib

(CONF 01)

PCN 1 UMW

PCN1 u14sP(r0.0/6. a-/ol. u/24Hns]

- 10492- 10512- 10612

1 OdItJ.+1 U4

105106107108109lIU11111/11311+115110IllIlu119120121

30237Joz 7a.4N 123. RE3U23UOZ ?+. *N I?3. FIE3027007 74.3N 123. YE

LkOR

LWRLHIJNSA rLULIHLHUR5A TSA 1

.

.

{ IR DAT,! 1- 10s12. 10512

tT6.O/6.U /D1.U/23HUS]IIR DAIA 1

PCN 1 UMSP

NOP.4-5

PC& 1 NOAA-5

.

.

- 12512 2*.3N 124.2L24.6N l<s.3E2+. ON 121. eE2*. UN lZ1. eE.2+.3N 126.2E2+. uN 12s.3E

.

.

.

.-

31 OIOOZ 24.5r4 ]23.6E31014oz ?+.5N 123. fE31020rIz 2+.6N 123.5E3102002 ?4.664 123:5E3102002 ?4.6N 123.5E31(3238z 2+.8N 123t4E31023r7z 2+. EN 123.5E310300z 2*.8N 123.3g3103OOZ W.7N 12s.3E3103ooz 2$.7N 1.23.4E31 O+OOZ Z+.13N 123.1 E310t0nz 2G.8N 123. ]E310500< 24.9tA 122. QE31u500< ?+.9N 122:9E311Z500Z ?4.8N 12.?.9E31u6007 ?5.0.4 12<. HE31 UbO07 ?4.9N 122.7E

L14URL14UUL14URLHUI?L14URSAIS4 IL14L3R

- 10513- 11s33- 11512- 10413- 11513

(16.5/0.5 /01.13/2wiHSI(1$?I)ATA

PC,,, 1 UNSPIJCN 1 UHS.P)

- 11513 ..........-.-

24? 20 15 ELIP

.

2+. ON 121.6E2*.3N 1.?*.,?EZ4. $IW IZ5..3E2*.3N lA.<E?+. MN 125.3L24. UN ldl,6E2*. sN 1Z4.2E24. BN lt5.3t24.3N 124.2L24. BN 125.3E.24. ON 121.6E24.3N 124.2L2+. W9 lz5.3t24. ON 121.6E2+.3* 124.2L2*.8N 125.3L2+. ON ldl.6E

LIWRLWRL IWRL$EURLIA13RLI?IJRLIWRLFNZRLWU

11511105331051110s121157311s121051210512

1.221.23124125126121 - 11634

25.IN 12.f.6E LIWFI - 1048225.ON 12.?.5E LIWR - 12612

25. oN 122.5E LHUR - 12634

25.2N 122.3E LRUR - 10412

75. Z34 12?.3E LRUR - 25142

?5.1 N 12<.2E Ll+LIR - 20643

25.2N 122. oE LWR - 25761

25.2N 12J.9E P 3 3 7U075. ON 12 L’. oE LWR - 71t152!J.2N 121.6E LWR25.23 121.3E S&i

12U1291301311321-431.)6135130137138

31 U700731070073107001310800231 OYOOZ3108007311JR20z31 W350Z3113900Z31100973111007

15U 78 60 15 --- 9.31

Pck 2 UMSPPCN 1 U*SP

PCN 2 UMSPIJCN 1 UMSPPCN 1 LWSPPCN 4 NOA4.5

NOAA-5 (CONF 02)

PCN 3 UMSIJPCN 3 UMSP

PCN 1 UMSPPCN I Lh4sP

NOAA-5 (COW 01)

Pch 3 i40&l-s

- 20711III?OATJI(IR lhAl&

- s5//l- VIII

(IR uATa(IllDAT@(IR OATnIII? OATaIIR OATA

- S!lll- 41111

-

.

.

.

.

1)139

1●II1+11*21+314414514614714511*.3150

3111OOZ31110073112msz3112067.3112117z3112n77311259z311307231141)02311s007311520731152nz

25. ON 121.5E25.3FA121.4E?5.3N 121.6Ez5.IN 12202:i?4.9N121.1E24.8w 121.6E74.4?4121.5E24.ON 121.oE25.1N 121.oE

S4 rLIE13RLRURSATS4 I5A TSA 1SA 1LHURLWRSAT5A r

. 24.3N 124.2F..22.*N 120.3E

22. ~N 1’30.3E22.QN MO.3E

22.6N MO.3L

22.6N 1<0.3L

.2+. E3N 120.7E25.3N 120.4E25.3N 120.7E

2*.8N 12u.4E

24.9+J 119.sE?5. otA 119.5E?4.9N 119.lE24.8e+ 119. IE25.lN 119. oEi?5. ON llB.5E25. ON llb.3E23.6N 115.8E25.2N 113. oC

(xl? OATAIIR OATfi

- 2081/

)I

1>11a.+153154155lMllsflMI15916!3

31170023122mz312201z0101002010124201013470102007O11O43Zol122-jz0200522

LIUJR

SA r5A TLHL2RSh ISATW:R

C.Ar

.{T4. o/5. o-/u2.5/24HRS)lT+.5/S.5-/ wl.5/24HMS)

- 11412 .lT5. o/5.5 /Ml, U/25rlW)11P OATA )

- 50/\r(In OATA )[Ill 0AT6 ){Ill OArA )

PCN 6 N;;:;[CCMF01)

Pm 5 rloPA-55A T

90

SF..NO.

1

.2J4

50r

8Y

lU1112i-i

1*15lblr1019

<0.212223202s262(.?6293031323334.353b373n3940

48.9so51525.+5*55505758596(I616263b+6566b?66W?U?17273

TIME

291414z

292311730093AZ31001473100237310239Z3109IRZ31091973111:!37311103Z31111.2311330231133223120207312326?31233. ?312333zOloooezO1O3OZZ010’90120109027O11O13ZOI1O1Q7O11O*3Z0115032ol1503f011626701200370120+-320121+470121447oli?245zO1225S.Z02005270202032020203202095570210262021026Z02113220211322

021445z0214452022120702212720221272022200203000,9Z030146203014.5203100QZ031009203104RZO31O56Z0312132031*2RZ031+2AIZ03211flzO3211OZ0323132032324L0*012MZ0401211Z040952z0410142o*zo3W0+2053z042?2’42

042239205003520509192U6103?Z052352Z

POSI r

19.9N 1+6.3E

23,17N 139.5E?2.6N 139.5E23.7* 141.9E23.0.4 1*1. oE23.2,4 14u.3E?3.7N 14i3.5E25.8N 1*[).3E24.1 N 161:5E.?3.6N 140. oE?3.6N 141.5E

25. ON 141.9E26.3w 1+2.3E

24. EIN 141:oE26.5N 160.3E?b.4N 141.4E25.2N 141.2E25.8N l+o:sE26. Ow 14u. IE?5.14 161.13E25.8N 141.6E?5.9N 141.5E?6.1 N 142. oE?6.5N 139.8E26. aN 1*1.8E76.7.4 1*0.4E27.2N 1+1. IE27.4w 14u.7Ez7.6w l+003E27.8m 14u,4E?l.SN 1+13.5E?7.2N 14u04E27.13N ]60.4E21.7.4 140.4E?7.5rA 14tlf5E27.6N l+ LI.5E2LI.2N 14?.4E2EI.2.Y 142.5E26.++ 142.5E27.8N 142!2E

2u.2rA 143. oE2B.6N 14,?.7EZ8.3N 143. oE30. oN 143.5E29.7,4 14.s.4E29.3N 1*3.4Ez9.8N 143.7E30. ON 143.3E30.21A 143T5E30.3N 14315E3005N 143.9E30.8N 14+c3E29.5N 143.4E?9.4N 144.3E30.6N 145?8E29.9N 145~3EW.ON 145.4E31. ON 146.1 E31. ON Iob.l E31.7N l+b.5E31.lw 146.2E31.2N 16b.5E31. ON 1+6.6E31.4N 146?9E32. ON 147. oE32. IN I*U. IE31. eY l+&.3t32.2N 1+9soE?l.7N 14 LI.5E31.6N lW.6E31.4N 148.8L34.2N 153. OE

F18

CA 1

SA 1

%1Sd [5A 1SA ISk 1

SA IS&1Sk I5A ISAIsAT5A 1Sk I

PSA rSA r

PP

Sn 1SA rSATSA rSh rSA 1S4 I

v5AT

P5A 1SA rS41SA ISA rSA rSA r

PSA rSA rSA 1SA rS&rSA r

PSA ISls rSA 1SA 1SA 1SA ISA r

SATSA rSA r

PsATSA rsArSATSA rSArSA rsATSk rSATSA 1SA 1SA 1W 1SA rS4 TSAT

33.7N i50.4L SA r

IWPICAL SIIJRH .ANuA

FIX PO>11113NS FOR CVCLONL NO. s0600Z 31 JLJL TO U613UZ U+ AUG

MAX OHS MAX Ofls OH sACCRY FIX FLT LVL wIND SF! dmfl WIN

NAV-MkT LVL QI14 VEL 13HG RNG VEI. ERG RN(j SLP

(r O/o/ / HRS )tIR DATA )(T1.5/I.5 / / H14S)

~12. O/2. O /Dal. O/25HNS)IIR OArA )iIR 0Ar4 )

(IR L3A7& J([R DAT4 1(IR oAr A 1(IR 13bT& )(IR VAlb 1tlti OATA 1

5 1s 7ou ---lT2.5/z.5 /01. U/23MKS)113.0/3.0 /ul. u/z3HIrsI

10 10 700 ‘- - -5 10 700 t3U 43 360

(IR oArA(1R UArA(1R DATA{lR OArA{XR DATA(1R DATA

8 10 700 <10 40(IR LIAIA

25 7r3u 16V 20

LT3.0~3-o / 1 H14S I(T3. (Ii,?. !IIR I(1N I(IR IIIR I

JO 5IIH bAIA(IR DATb{JR DAIA

))))I

1!0)60

.. ----0/3.0 f > tiHii

5/2.5 IS /23HW)D4 r4DA r4 ;DATA )DA rA )

700 <9U 35 200---

IIR DATA ){IR DArA ){JR OAIA I

22 7U0 29U 30 190473. o/3. Ll /s /2+lNzsl!T2.5/2.5 / / IO?s)(13.0/3.0 /DO. W23HRS1(1R DA7A 1<lR C3&TA 1\:&:<:Ao /bo.5/zEWs]

)(IR DATA ){lR OATA )(JH UArA )

46 700 350 30 270(IR LIATA }(1R DATA )(71 .0/2.0 /MZ. O/24WS)(11.0/2.0 /wl. b/zoHRs)411.5/z. o /.l. ~/25HRs)(IR DA7b )(IR DAT4 )(1lR OAr& )(IR L3AT4 )IIR OATA 1IT 0/1.5 /M1. u/2+ Hlr5][IR OATA 1(T1. o/l.5 /wu.5/23HMsj(1R okr4 )(IR 0A7A )(IR OATA )(IR OAT& 1(T 0/ o /s / 27H16S)

PCN s UMSP

Pcw 5 NOAA-5PC* 6 LNSSP

NOAP_SPCN 5 NOW-5PCN 5 UMSPPCN 6 U*SPPCN 6 UHSPPCN 5 NOAA-5PCN 6 NOAA-5

NOAA-5PCF. 6 U’HSPPCN b UMSPPCiu 6 UMSP

. 45 513b5 .?5 .2?0PCN 6 UHSPPC?+ 6 UMSPPCb 6 UMSPVCN 6 NOA4-5PCN 6 IN4SPPch 5 U*SP

PCN + U*SP12--PC* 5 LN4SP

i5 3U 60

pcN 3 UMSPPC?. 3 ~ou;::

PCN 3 NOAA-SPCN 3 NO~SPCN 3 ~r4SPPCN 3 UMSP

10 ●5 1s0PCN 5 ~MSPPer”. 3 IA14SPPCN S NCWI-5PCN 6 NOAA-5

PC* 5 ~MsPPCN 4 UMSPlm --

iiNs ur4sPPC* 3 U*SP

NOAA-5PCN 3 rrohrl-sPCN 3 W@PCN 3 LN4SPPCN S UMSPPCN 6 UMSPPCN 5 NOAA-S

NOAA-515--;CN 5 LNrsPPCN 6 ~t4SPPCN 3 U14SPPCN 3 UMSP

NOA4.:PCh 3 NO~.5PCN 3 UMSPPcb 3 UMSPPCN 6 UMSV

NOM-5PCN 3 UMSPPCN 3 UMSP

NOAA-5VCN 3 NOA4.5PC*, 3 NOAA.5PCh 6 NoAA6PCN 6 NM-S

PC* 3 DMSP

ICONF 02)

(CONF 02)

90 996(CDNF 01)

RO 99640 994

Y+

2s 99<

(CCINF 01)

10 990

. 986

(CMF 01)

@NF 02)- 991

(cONF 01}

(CONF 02]

(cONF 01)

MIN FLr700W LvL

HG: T1/10

30s

3Ll~30+

30:

30!

30+

29!

30+

13 -

1.3 -13 13

13 13

1* 13

16 15

14 11

16 16

EYtF LltiM

Clue

ClticCIHC

-

CINC

PUSJ r(sR[EN- EYF OF MSNlAIIUN L)IA RAUAti NM13ti

. .--

. .

--

15

lU12

.

-

12

.

t

11

●

5

.

91

lRUPICAL sTORM &M1

FIX PO$I!IONS FoR CYCLUNL No, g00002 2: A: U:B:0 ]a~”z + AIAG

M*K OLES of+FIX ACCRY FIX F,L1 LVL WINO SFC WINO MINCAr MAW-MET ‘vL 01~ “EL LSRG RNG vE~ fjRG RNG SLP

NIN FLT7;CI~ LvL EY~

n/TO FOIV4

Pus 1 iUHIHA. F.YL UF!ATIVM IJli RAUAH

FIXNO. 1 Iw

17.?390?180050219 U15]Z190250z19104oz19113.7~

19123921921*2z192200z19230022OO1OQL2UO1O7Z20 U1l=, Z2002007200300z200333z2U0333L200500720u7007200QOOZ20100022010247201O24Z201030z20110072011272201155z201200720120222012052201300?201+002201500220161522016.152202230z202300z202306220 Z30hZ2023062.2100312210100221 OZOOZ2103oo?21031572103152210315z210315z

21031sz2I1OOOZ2111UOZ

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20.2N?I. ON22. ON7L!.9N

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10 5 7005 10 700

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2040

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3;.9;

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5 UMSP

20 99b

??cmr%!

(CCNF 02)

10 980

(CC4/F 01)

(CQNF 01)

(CONF 01)

. 27 25 -30~ 13 ,4 -

m rSArSA rSA r

S4 r5A iLWRLHL3RLIEURSATs.4 rLHIJRLWRsATSA 1LNDRLIN3RLN!3RL*ORw rSA I

P

PCNPCNPcwpcNPCN

br 20.6N

?O.6N20.7N2U.7N20.7N21. SN20.6tA?O.7N20.7N20.7v20.8N20.7N21.3N?l.3N21.3N?O. ON

(IR OAT.<T1. O/l. o /

- 402741?LI:9E120. aE12 LI.6E

121. oE120.6E120.6E120.6E120. oElk9.9E120:5E1213.5E

12u.2E120.1 Ellr3.6E

.

.2/.6N 120.3E.?2. ?N 120.3E22. ON lZO.3E

- 45151- 1011I.. --,

lT1.5/l.5 /S /arrlrs) NOAA-5IIR OATA ) PCN 5 lfOPd-5

- 1022/- 25fII

(11.0/1.0/(T1. o/l. o/

- Vfll

- /lff/

- 1111[

- 1///1(1R oArA

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. 22. bN 120.3E22. ON IZO.3E/ MISS] PCN 6 UMSP

/ MIESJ PCN 5 UMSP17lL!19

20,?1222.426,?5

22. ON 120.3E22. bN l/Ll.3E2Z.~N 120.3E22.6tA 120.3k

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.) *CN 6 ur4sP) PCin 6 LN4SP

*U *O 310 ,El 35 31021.13N21.2N?l.3N20 .2N?l. ON?l. W-J21.5N21. ON21.3N

21.3N?O.7N20.4N

119.3E120.1 E119.9E

116.7EllY.6E119.6E119. nEllY.2E119.3E119. OE

l19*otlltr.6Ellu. IEllT.7EIIU?3E117.3E

117. s.E118?oE117*9EllLI.3EII LI:3E119. oE119.3E119. zE119.3E119.4E

119.1 EllY.4EllY. IE

(IR DATA2 2 1500

- Ifllr(IR oArA(IR DATA

- Ililf

- 25 26 -LIEUR

SA rSA 1LRUR5A rsATLRL)RLih7ULIWRSA rSA rsATLNURSA 1SA rSA rsATLWRL14URLHORSAISA rsArsATSA 1LR13RLRLIRSA rSA tSA rSA r5A 1LRDRLRI)RLIN)RSATsii rLRbRLRURLRORLRLIRLRURSA rsA1SA rSA rLRDRSA rSAlLRORSA 1sA1L14URLRURLHORLROHLRDRSA rSArSAT5A 1L1313RSA r5A ISA 1

22.bN lZO.3EPCh 5 LINSPPCN 5 NOAA-S

NOAA-SPCh 6 UMSP

20.?7282930313233

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22.6N l/O.3t.IIR OATA

- If/n- Illff- VIII

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22.9N li10..7E22.9N iZO.3E22.6N 120.3E

PCN s LrMsPPCN 5 WSPPCN b UMSP

?0.0.-420.8N20 .3N20.7t420 .4ti19. OW20.7?420. +N?O. +N20.9N20.7N20. ON20.5N20.3N21. ON2Z.6N22.6N

.sb373639●U414243+4454b● ?4U

69

(IR 13ATA

- 4111/(IR OAIA(1R DArA(T2. S/2.5 /01 .O/20titES]{T2. o/z. o / / IAlssl

22. I+N 120..6E.PCN

PCN5545

LN4SPUMSPVMSP

NOAA-5

PCN

PC*

22.6N 1.?o.3E22.6N 120.3E22. oN 1.?o.3E

.

.

.....- /111/

(1R OAT, )/ / r’ors)

(T2.5/2,5-/OL .S/24HHS)lT1. O/1.n /S /24HRS)

PCNPCNPCNPC6!

PCN

53453

UMSPrM6sPWSPtN4sPUMSP

li2.13/2.11

(IR OATA.. 22. bN 140.3E

22. bN l<O. JE52

;:555b57585960616263

211111221111 =,721111522111WZ21114RZ2112002211300221140022115572211S572211601sz2117002

21. aN2z. orA22.5N21 .ZN22.4ti2.? . 5N22.3N22. ?N21.3N?2.3N22.2N22.2N

11u:9ElIU.9E

II U.$E119.1 E11 E129E111+9E118.7EllB.6EllB.8E

PCN 5PCN 6PCN 4PCN 5Pcw 5

NOP4+5UMSPUMSPUMSPUMSP

.

.22. bN lZO.3E22. bN 1,?13.3E22. bN 1.+0.3E

PC* 6 ~NSPPCN 5 UMSP119:3E

118.8Ellsr.srElILI.9E

119s5E119:SE118*9EllLi., OE119s6E119.9E12000E120?IE120.2E12u.3E119. BE

119:6E120s3E121J.2E121).3E119.8E121.1 E120:3E12 fJ.l E1’+6E11*.5E121.lE120.6E119.9E

121. IE121.3E

(1R OATA

- 4/lif- 41ji/- hlfll

.

.

.

.

.

22. ON 120.3E22.6N I,?o.3E22.6N ldo.3E.?2. bN 120.3E.?2. ON ltO.3k

6*b5

2118002212000Z21220nz21221HZ212244 Z212249221224922201002220136222014322202013Z221J25R7

21.9N22.2N22. ON23.2N22.lN22.6N?3. ON22.3N24. ON23.5N22.4N

bbb?W36970717273

R

--.-,[12.0/2.0 / / I’ms)(12.0/2.5 /UO.5/24HW){ T2.5f 2.5-f 01.S/ 24 HRS)lT2. o/2. o-/ol. o/2oHRs)

- 1/1//

r’T2. o/2.0 / / HRS ){ lR DAIA )

PCN SPcw ●

PCN SPCN 5

IN4SPu14sPLiHsPUMSP

. 22. bN lto.3ENOAA-5

PCN ● t@AA-5- 11/11 22.6N 140.3E

23.7N?3.9N22.3N22.1 N?2. IN23.5N?4.2N?4.5N25. SN25. ON23.9N?4.7?4

(IR DA7A ).{ T2,5/z.5-/D0.5/Z6 HUS)

PCN 3 ~HsPPCN 3 LN4SP7b

77ru79eo81dr?6364M5Utl67enW90

22 L125Rz22030022205002220600z22070022Z11OO7221103222 I103z221131222113122212[)07221223222123~Z~2154,1Z221s402

22. bN 1.?o.3E22. bN 121s.3L22. ON L20.3L22. ON 12u.3E22. bN 1.?O.3E

PC* s Dlrs PPCN 6 UAISPPCN 6 UMSPPC* 5 U14SP

PCh S NOA.4-5NCAA-5

PCN 5 ur4sPPCN 5 UNSP

41R OAT& 1- VIII

CIR VATA 1!1!4 oAT& JIIR OArA 1(IR oArA I

t?2. bN120..iE24.7tA&$4.6N2S.3N25. ON

92

22221)62 2LI.6N123.9C79.5N 12s.’, Ez8.5N ]2e.3E?6.3N 123. uE26.4N 12 Q.ll Ez7.6N 123.4E30.4N 125.5L?606N 12*. YE3u.384 12b. r3k31. ON 1,34.4E31.2* 121.71.

7’2.3N 12 LI.lE3?.5N 129.02-‘/1.5N 127. IE

31.8N 127.5E71.8N 1213.2E33.6N 130. Ot32.8N 127.5E31. lN 129.9E

SA 1m rSA 1LHUR

LtOJRSATSb. I

LH13RS,S rSalSA r

(IU UAIA )11.2. (j/2. u-/s /2+ Hl+S)1114 Oar& )

Pc. 6 LIMSPPCN 5 UMSP

PCN 6 LJMW22223]Z2d.?23?l.22Z30nl230000223u0*9Z23U059Z2313200ZZ302413Z23U?*IIZ23105oz

--- &?. bN lZO.3k ---- 22.6,4ldr.3L -

--- 22.bN lLU.3t -

- 51/11- 20212

(12.(r/d.Ll/5 /z2J+’rs)(12.o/?.u /s /2rtius)

- 201/1lzH OATA 1(T2. o/z.5 /R IZ.3/24HIiS)

T3,0/3.o-/O1.O/lO HRS

NOPA-5PCN 5 NOM-5

(CONF 01)

PC. b UMSf’PCr+ 5 LJMSP

VCN 6 L)MSP

Pck 5 L)M5PPC. b UMSPPCP! 5 ;:O):;

23111472311167231130ZZ3114QZ-?315272231522ZZ31W7Z2400152

[IH UATA )(IR UAT4 )1111 ,>Ar* )[lM oATA )(IR OATA )(IR u4Tb )<[R L)ATA )!13.5/3.5 /ol. =./23 rlKsl(IR 13A1A 1

(CONF 02)

(cONFOII

ihioblot1081(39llrr 2*11OHZ W.ON 12604E SA r

~1WK3UN UA13k

FIX POSI!ILSXSFOH CYCLUNk NO. IrTLIUOUL 02 StP TO lrNIuZ 10 SEP

n.tt oLrs Mnx Otis UL4>Fl& A$CKY FIA FLT LUL #lNU S+! UINO MIN

POSI T CAT NAV-MET LVL Ulri vEL UW RNG ViL r3r3G NNG SLP

MIN kLT7tJOnB LvL

HG1 11/10

WSI rvMIEN- LYC lJF *SN!AIIIJN IJIA r?AoA* NMd.1“T1ME

3010247

30201573102017310857Z3109107311301Z311959731221A/01 U14310108407O1O9OIZ01105.?70114252

EYt.FOHM

CIHC

.

3.9N 15tr. ot SAI

5.74 150.1 E SATe.2N 153.36 SA 17.9N 153. oE SAI&r.oN 153. oE s~rb.hf 152.4t SAi6.7M 1+9. YE SAr7.13 15rI.13E SA18.2N 149. IE SAT!J.l N l+ f.5~ SA1&I.3N 147.5E SAT8.9N 167.8E SAr9.7N I+b.8E SATJ3.lN14b.4E SAr9.3N 1411. RE SAr9.1A 14s. IE SAr9.1 N 1e5.13E SAIe.7N 14*.4E S419.1 N 1*+.6E SAI8.1?4 i**.3k P

Q.bw 1+3.3E SAI8.3N 143*6E8.9N 14z.FIE S:r9.+N 142.5E SAT

(1R UAr,4

iTi.0/1,0/tlR UArA(II? UATA(IR DATAI]* OATAlT1. o/I. O /SIIM OATA(IH IzATA(1R OA1b(IR OATA(IH OArAlIR OATA

f HIIS;1

PCh 6 NOAA-5

VCN 6 UMSPPCh 6 U*SP

Pc& 5 UMS7JPCN 6 ,N(3AA-5PcN 6 UMSPPCN 3 uMsrJIJCW 6 NoM-SPCN 3 L3MSPPC& 6 LJMSPPCN 6, I)MSPIJCh 6 NOAA-5PCN S UMSP

)1

14

15lb17

1:213

,?)Zd.23.?4

2520zr28,?9303132333*

01142570121.2370121232012146Z0123252012329z0200527020125Z020334?OZ1OO5Z0210057O21OO*ZO21O31ZO21O3IZ0.?14072021407Z02155520221067OZ21OA7022133Z02213t70222452030010703 U330Z03 UU337030949203094s7O31O17ZU3101RZ03112120313502IJ3Z12?Z032230203223r3t032230203?30*Z0323262

PCru 6 WISPPC* 6 UUSPPCN 6 UUSPPCN 6 UMSP

NOAA-5Pc h 5 NOM-520 ●U 90PCN S lAMsP15 55 11(3PCN 6 UMSPIJCN6 UMSPlJCh6 fIJW.&!jPCN 6 UMSPIJCI.6 UM5PPer. 5 UUSPPCN 6 ur45P

l?u --PCN 5 UMSPPCN 5 Lrr4sPPCN s L3MSPPCN 6 UMSPWh 6 NOAA-5

NOAA-5●O W 90

35 50 +0PCN S UNSPPck -6 ur4sPPCN 6 LAUSPPCN 6 ur4SPPCN S NOPJ1-5PCN S UMSPPCN s UMSPPCN s UMSPPCN 6 UMSPPCN 5 UAISPPCN 5 IAMSP

NOAA-5

(r2. O/2. O /01. U/26 HlLS]lr2. o/z.0 / / HIK, )(]R OAl&411.5/1.5 / / M*S;(]R OATfi 1

5 2 13u0 ~3v 46 100(1R UArA )

5 1 1500 i9u 48 110IIS OArA )

---(CO+IF 02)

20 99>

15 990

26 24

26 23

- 12

“6 134 12

6

[IR OArA )IZII OArA )lIR OATA )IItr oArA )llR 0A7A J(1!? OATA

10 - 700 1*U 55 10(T3.13/3. Lr /ol.lJ/z4tirEs](T3. o/3. u /ol. u/2*HW1(IU OATA )11!4 OAfA }

t3.9NV.ONEI.7N9.4N9.3N8.9N9.9!49.6N9.8X9.6ti9*9N9.5V

10. ONIO.*N10.2N10. IN10.3N11. oN10.9N11.3$411.5N]0.5N11.3N10. MN10.5N10. ON

i62.3E14z.4E161t7E141.7E141.7E14u.3E139.2E139. I3E139:1E139.7E

SA rSArSATSA rSAT

PSA IsArSA r-m rSA rSAT

PP

SA rSA I

SA ISATSA rSA ISA rSA rSAT5A 1SArSA;

3.- ---

139:IE137.5E13rr:lE137.2E13b.9E136.3E13b.13E136.9E136:3E13cI.3E134.9E134.6E133.13E13*.6E13*.5E

IIR DArA )lT3. o/3. O /01.5 /25riNS)

5 z 7U0 3U 55 270

10 1 700 L3U 55 40IIR OAr A 1I(R OAr A 1tlR DArA )(1R oArA I(]R OATA ){IH LIATA )IIR OATA )(T+. O/4. U /01. U/25WSIlT+. o/4. u /01. U/25HRSIlT3. o/3. Ll / / lilts]

.’(CONF mj1020 99(

-..---

(IR oAr A 1(74.0/&. U /DJ .O/23HlWl (C13!F 01)

93

51

52>35455

5657

10.lN

lo.9~11.3.910.7WIU.7NlU.6V10.8NIU,7NIU.6N10.5NIU.5N10.4N10.8Nll.l N10. +N]O. +N10.5N10. +N

10. +N10.2NIO05N10.3NIO. *N11.1-410.7N10.4N10.8Nll.l N10.8*11.2N10.6N12. INI,?. ON13. or412.3N13.1 N13.3N13.3N13.2N13.7N]*.13N]5.1?416. ON14.9N

15. ON

13*.5E13*. OE133.4E13402E13*.3E

13 Z.ETE13i?..9E132.6E13z.5E13z. oE13.2.2E131:4E131. FIE131:9E131s4E131.3E131.8E131*5E131:1E131.3E132. oE130.9E

1312.7E

SAT

SATSATSA 1

PSA 15A I

(IR DATA )lIR OATA 1CIR OATA 11T3.5/3.5 / / INEs]

6 2 700 120 61 350Iln DATA I(IR OATA 1[IR OATA )tl$l UATA 1IIR OATA 1(IR OAIA 1I]R L3AT& 1(IR DAl&

55 700 2U 55 2;0(T5.0/5. O /01. U/Z4HNS)(15.0/s.0 /01. U/24tlRS)

tT4. O/4. U /OU.5/21H+lS){if? OATA )III? 0AT4 )IIR DATAtT*. o/+. u /S /25HMS ;(IR DAl& )

PCN 5 NOAA-5

PCN 5 I@PPC* 5 UMSPPCN 3 U14SP38 95 ]20

PCN 5 UNSPPc* 6 uMSPPCN 6 WSPPCN 6 NOM-5PC* 6 NO~-5PCN 5 UMSPPCN 5 UMSPPCh 6 WSP18 MU 60PCN 5 DMSPPCh 6 UMSP

PCN 3 OMSPPCN 5 UMSPPCN b UMSPPCN 6 NOAA-5

NOAA-5PCN 5 UMSPPclu 5 UMSP

50 65 150PCN 5 UMSPPCN 6 WSPPCN 5 iN4SPPCh 5 NoAA.5

NOAA-5PCN 5 ti16sPPCN 6 UMSPPCN 5 UA!SPPCN 5 UMSP

20 967

12 98b

(CONF 01)

50 988

(CONF 03)

30 Ydt

80 YBO

960

(CDNF 01)

10 941

(CONF 01)

10 vu!

(cONF 01)

6 9Ub

17 13

19 lb

1( 13

.-

.-

--

. .

.-

N-s

5B5960

0410062

WI037Z0+1233Z

0+151320415142041514204215070422132

SA1SATSA ISATsATSAT

PSh T5A 1SA rSATSA 1SA1SATS&lS.A 1

PSATSATSA 1SA ISA rSA 1SATSA rSA rSA rSA r

SITSATSAT

PSATSA rsATSA r!jA TW ISA 1SA rSA ISA 1SA rsAT

PsATSA rSA 1SATSA rSa ISA rSA r

PSATSATSA rSATSA ISA tSAT

S4 rSA rSA 1SA r

vSA rSA rSA 1SATS4 rSA fSA rSA 1

PSATSA 7

S.A 1<A r

bl02636465bb67Oa6970rl

tz73

042213?0422132U42251 Z04 Z25]Z0423]32050038205021420502142 IIR DA117

52 ?00 z(IR OATA(1R 13ATA(1R OATn!lR OATA(1R OATA(IR OATA([R DA7A614.5/6.5 /(7s. o/5. u /s{lR OATA

‘17+757671

7879Mu$18.?113W85Ire87em899U91Y29394*S969798W

100101102103

106

0508322U51055Z0SI055Z05113+Z051149Z0s115220514S6T05145rlz052155205Z156Z05Z23QZ05223Qz052243Z06002=,2

1313.9E13u.6E130. IE13u.6E130.5E130.9E1313.3E130.3E130:5Ei29.6E13u.7E130:2E130.2E130.2E13U.2E130:2E129.9E129.4E129.9E12Y:7E129.oE121A.9E

7

i))I}I

/ HIM)/2+HKS)

) PCNPCN

50PCNPCNPCN●OPC*PCNPCN

5 UMSPs UM5P

7U 24U

5 “NOAA-55 IA*SP6 LN4sv

till 1505 UMSP5 U*SP4 LN!SP

(IR OArA )25 700 3** 45 2*O

(IR OATtI )(IR OAIA1T5. o/5. O /S {27uUS:

25 7U0 .?3U S5 1*O(IR OATA )IIR OATA J

17 13

16 11

Y

Y

06015720bO157z06 U335z

06103RZO61O38Z06103820611052

0611242obl12-4z

IIR OATb IIIR OArA 1~lR OATA 1

PCNPCNPCNPCNPckPCN

6 NOA4-Ss U14SP6 UNSP5 LN4SP? UMSPz UMSP1 UMSPI LNSSP

2 UMSP

15. ON15.6N15.4N16.2N16.3Nt6.3N16.3N16.2N1 b.3N

12!J.3E129. oE129:4E128.6E128.6E12tI.7E129. oE128.13E1Z8.6E

(1R OAIA 1(I$I 0A7c, )IIR OATA )lT5. O/5. O / / IIRS){lR OATA(T5.5/5.5 /00. S/24 HltS;(76.0/6.0 /D1. U/20HK5)

55 70U 360 57 270(IR DATA )

0614302061439Z0621382062139206 Z13QZ062 139z062zzfjz062227Z

PCNVCNPCN

20. 18 11

21 12

---] UMSP3 I)*SP

4PCN

105 0b2.227z062336Z062341 Z0703202070321Z

07032120703Z1Z0703442O71O2IZO71O2IZ0710212

]6.4N16.8N16.5N17.4N17.5N17.1 N17.9N17.3N18.2N18.5NlEi.2N

12M?8E1213.9E128.6E121J:5ElZI$.6E12 L+$7E1.38.5E128:4E127.8E127.96128. oE128*oE128. SE128. oE127.6E

127.5F127:9E

12b.9E127:2E]27.4E126.9E127.4E127. OE121.2E127. oE12r.2E127.3E121. oE127. oE

12e.7t

iT5.5/5.5 /01. U/24HUSlIT5.0/5. O / / IOAsliIR OATA )(IR OATA )[1!7 OATA )(1R UAT4 )(IR LIA7A

31 7UU W 95 3:0(IR DATA )lIR OATA )IJR DATA )(IR 0AT4 ){lR OAIA )[IR 0A7A )(IR OATA )(IR OAIA )(IR OATA IlT7. o/7. u /Di.5/24HUS)iT6.5/6. t, fOV. >124tiHS)

55 70U 7L! 100 360III? OAIA )lT6. o/6. o /DO. !I/24HHSl(76.0/6.0 /01. U/2 SPUM}[IR OAT4 ){lR OATA )(IR OAr4 )i IR OATA )CTb.5/6.5 / / H14S )

35 700 WU 9S 260{In OATA ){Ill 0A7A )

PCNNOM-5

1 NOAA-51 wlsP? UNSP2 UH5.P1 UMSP

6!3 3s01 UMSP2 IAMSP2 UHSP

iof1urn109110111Ilz113116115

Pc&PCNPCNPchPC*,

1530PCN

10

PcluPchPCNPCNPch

llEI117lln11912012112.?123124125126127

0711122

071112Z07121uz071220z

07160320716032072122207212220722042

07221 =,207221s7

i8.3NIEI.lN111.6N]8. ON19.1 N18.8?419.9N]9.9N20.1 N

1 @rsP1 OMSP

1 NOAZI-5NOAA-5

2 UMSP1 UM5p1 I)*SP2 Lv4sPI.iu 1502 UMSP

PctuPC*

Per.PCN1,? Iu 11

1’+.9V19.7N20. s+4?O.6N

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Mlrj FL T7:;;s ivL

- 11/10

POSITEY~ URIEN- E’rk OF MSNForm lATIUN OIA RAI)AR NMOiI

POSI r

18.3X 151J. OE]5.5N 151.9E18.6N 151. oE15.2N 15u.5E)9.4N 14b.3t19.9t4 147. oL

20. ON 145.5E?l.5w 142.3E21.5N 142.1E?l.2N 141.4E

21.8N 141.2E21.51N 139~6E

21.7N 139.2E20.3N 139.1 E22.1 P-4 137.1 E22.6N 138X2E22.4N 136. oE

SATSA I5ArsATsATSA rSA ISa ISA r

SA 15A r

(IR DATA )(To/o/ / HRS)(T1. o/l. O/ / HRSI(IR OATA )IIR OAIA[T 0/ o /s /24 H16S;(IR OATb )IIR 0A7A 1(s!4 OATA )

NO&A-5UMSP

190AA-5L)MSP

NO#A-5UNSPLNSP

pMsPut4sP

NOA4-5

(c41NF02)

(CONF 02)

(CONF 02)

PCN s

PCN 5

PCNPCN

IJcwPCN

5555

(1U OATA 1(IR OArA )tIR DATA 1

11.0/14 /Oi. U/25HkS)ro/o/ / tiRslIR OATA 1[R OATA )

PCN 5 UHSPPCN 6 ~MSPPCN 5 UHSPPCN S IN4SPPCN 5 NOAA-5PCN 5 U)ISP

sATSA ISA 1SATSA~SAt IR OATA )

IR OAIA )IR U&TA )IR UATA 1lR OArA 1IR DArA 1[R12,r2. o/2:o / / trRs)ri<.“

PCN 6 ~MSpPCN b UMSPPCN 5 UMSP

PCN 6 UHSPPCN 6. luMSPPCN 5 NOA71.5PCN 5 UMSPPCN 5 UMSPPCN S DMSPPCN 5 U14SPPCtA 5 NOPA-5PCN 3 yMsPPCN 5 UMSPPCN 5 ~MSPPCN 6 IN4SP

;3.1 N 135*9Ez2. IN 135.8E

23.lt4 135. BE23. ON 136. flE22.3N 135.5E22.5N 135!IsE21.7N 131.5:21.7N 131.6E21.84 132.2E21.6N 131.,3f?2.3N 129.9E21.6N 130~5F22.2N 130Z8E

21.7N 130?7E21.7N 128s6E21.4N t28. oE?l.3N 128.7E21.5t4 121.9E21.6N 128!2E

21.7N 127:9E21.6N 128.1.5?l.5N 127:*E21.5N 127. HE20.8N 127?1E?O. EN 127?oE19.4N 124.5E19.4N 124.7E19.9N 124~3E

19.3f4 12+.9E18.7N 124. oE19.1 N 12501E19.2N 124R+E19.0t4 124. oEltl.9N 123.6E19. ON 124. oEIB.9N 123.9LIB.9N 1z3.9E18.4x 123.1 E18.3N 122.7EIB.3N 122.5ElB.6N 120.7E17.7N 122.4Llf5. ON 122.5E18. ON 122s4E18.3N 122.13L]7.8N 121.8E]7.8N 121.7E17.3N 12u.3E17.4N 120.1 E17.3N 12u.4E17.9N 119. HC]6.3’4 119. qE17&ON 119.2E17.4N 119.7E17.lW IIY. OE17.2N llu.7E16.9N llIA.4E17.1 N 111s:5E17. OM n&. oE16.9.4 llb.3Elb.9N 1113.1 E17. oN 1113.5E17.2N 117.8E17.2N 117.6E17.4N 117.8E17.1 N 117.6E16.7N 116.2E16.9N 116. IElb. BN 116.2E16.5N 117.8E17. EN llb.3E17.3N llt..6E

SA 1SA 1SA rSA 1SATSA rSA rSA rSA rsA1SA rSA rSATSA rSA rSA rSATsATSA r5A T5A 1SATSATSATSATsh TSATSA rSATSA tSA rSA rSA rSAT

OA rA ).0/2.0 /01 .O/24HRS)

.O/ii O~/Oi. O/241+tlSi,= OATAr2.5/2.5 / /- HRS![R OATA

[R 0A7A !

L “/282930313233

[R OATA )[R lZATfl ) PC* 5 OMSP[R OATA )[R OATA )

PCN 6 ~MSPPCN 6 ~MSP

PCN 4_ L!llS.p_PCN 5 NOAA-5PCN 5 qMsPPCN 5 UMSP

343536373839404142

itr 0ATA i[R OATA )[R OAATtI )[R OArA I[R OATA I[R OATA )

PCN 4 iN4SPPCN 2 NOAA-4PCN 3 ~MSPPCN 3 ~HSPPCN 6 UM5PPCN 5 UMSPPCN S Lh4SPPCN 3 ~14SPPCN S N&S;.

PCN 5 NOPd-5SWN ? LMASP

[R OAr,s 1[R OAr A[R OATAr4. o/4. o

CT4. O/4. O

(13.5/3.5(T3. S/3,5tT+. o/4,0(IR OATA

i43 i44 /02. O/25HRSi

/D~. O/2510iS)/ / H12S)/Ot. ~/21HRS)/ / HfiS )

I

4546474849

5051

525.r5+555b5751i596061b263

(CONF 02)

CIR OATb(13.5/3.5 / / w’ PCN 5 U*SP

5 U14SP3 U14SP

b> 10015 330

5 NOM-45 +M4sP5 I)14SP5 L94SP5 UMSP

1S02412150241215.04502150935715110s21511167151116215112821511282151215Z15122121S1523215152321522282152228 Z15222FI,21522282160045216022421603462160405216u935Z1611n4z1611042161104Z16111121611112161203716125721615n6Z16151167161647216221121622112162349216?3492170157217045021709452

SAISA r

PP

(IR OAT;(1R 0A7AI

Ss 7U0S5 TIAQ

([R oArAtIR OATti{lR OATAiIt4 04r,t(IR OATAt IR 0A7A(IR 13ATA

1

1:040)11

PctiPC*

15I&u12U

6576

15 968

10 96 t2.s1213U

298

29?

29!29?

16 13 crHc19 15 ELIP SE NM %X13.

33+5

PCNPchPCN

it rSA fSA fs~rSA ISA rSA 1

11

*CNPC*,

I1

AJCN 5 NOAA-5NOAA-5

PCN 5 U*SPPCN 5 UM5PPch 3 UMSPPch 3 LWSPPer. 3 UMSPPCN 3 UMSP

NOPP.-5PCN 3 UMSP

6ti *U 150PCN 3 UMSP

(CCNF 02)SA ISA 15A tSA15A ISA I?A 15A r

0

(IR OArfi 1tIR OArA IlT~. O/4. O /S /26ro’rs)tr+. ot4. o./s /7414Hs\[14.5/4.5

6566676869707172737475

. .. . /D10u/;41iMi. i1+4.5/4.5 /D1 .U/2+HNS)[T4. O/4. U /5 /231411S)[IR OATb 1

25 700 lnu 45 1s0

(CONF 01)

60 985

98?

4

*

13 10

14 12

12 912 li?

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.-

.-

.-

.

s; IP

SA rSA rSA 15A 1SA rS6 ISArSA tSATSA rSA fsr!rSA iSA rSA 1

P

(1R OArn 125 70U dEru 50 2s0 25

PCMPcluPCNPCNPCNVCN

VchPCNPC*PcluPckPCNPCN

-.5 UMSP5 UMSP4 IN4SP5 WASPs LA*SP

6 NOAh-4NOA4-5

s UMSPs UMSP5 UMSP5 UMSP3 LN4SPb tiMSPS UMSP

NOAA-5*!J 20

(1R OAr A 1tlR OATA I(IR OArA 1(1R OArA 1(1R OA7A 141R OArA )4 IR OA7b )(IR OATA )IIR 0.4rA )(1R DArA ){ T5. O/5. O /01 .O/24HHSl(15.0/5.0 I / trl?sl(1+.0/4.0+/s /2S HUS)( r*. o/+., /,u. b/25Hns)(1+.0/4.0 /S /25 H14S}

55 700 IOU 45 350

7*7r18?9WIwLiz83LA*d5tie878sWA

(cONF 01)

5590 17.3N 116. OE P 55 700 23U 58 1*O au 140

98

171053Z1710542171i35&z17123*Z

171234z171243z1712+Rz17163+2171630z17.2336717233+z

180]1271801ZOZlMo331Tf18033021805002180707214J1036Zlmlo3fiz1811592IE1205Zi13121f!z1B161?Z181617ZIuzzolz1t1231gzll$231qz1M2318z190001219u028z191J05r.z190200219020021’W300Z1906002190.200219111.3z191,2002191201Z191,?o IZ19130!721913172191400Z1915s6719155421916002191700219180021919002192000z1921OOZlq2200z1922052192301z19231?7200000220014QZ200200Z2003ooz200332Z200500z201 OOOZ2011OOZ2011447

2011462

2011s722011572201.?OOZ2o122nz201234220130022014011Z20150022015372201600220170022oleor3z20190072020002

202150Z20226bz202264Z2022+4z

9142939495%979899

1001011 W?10-s106

105

1 Oe10710810911011111?113II*

115llb11?11s119

1201211.221231/+125Itb1211Za1Z9

13*13113213313*1351361371361391*U1+114,?

1431**145146I*7148I*9I 50151

i 5215315*

155156157lSH159

1601611 bz163

1 I.ONle.9N]6.9N17.3?4]7. ON17.2N17.5!416.7N17.4N17.9NI 7.2v

18.6N

115.4E115.5E115.4E116:?E115.7E115.5Ell?.llc115.3E115..9E117.2E117.3E

117.2E117.lE

SATSATSA 1SATSA tSA rsATSk rSA rSA rSATC,AT

SATSA rSa rSRORSRORSA fSATSA rSA rSA rSA rSA r

IIR OAIA112? DATA[ IR OATA(IR OAT.(IR OATa{In OATA(If? OATb.{It? OATA(IR OATAcT6.5/4.5tT4. O/6. O

114.0/4.0(1H OarA

PC* 4 ~ArsPPC* 5 w~PCN 5 ~r45PPCN 6 UM5PPet. 5 iNrsPPCN 5 N@4A-5

W-5PCI.J 6 Li?sSPPcm 5 ur4sPPck s LNrsf’PCN S UMSP

NOM-S

PC* 5 NOAA-5

PCS 3 ENS5P

(CONF 01]

(~F 01)

/00.5 /241itLS;/s /241+RS)/s /i?3HNS)

)18.8N18.3N18.2N18.6?I18.6NlU.8N18.9*ILI.9N

117.6Ell?.4E117.5E117,9E117.6E117.6E117.8E117.8E117.4Elln.2E117.6EIIu.2E119.2E119. oE119.2E118. OE119.1 Ella.l Elltr:8E117.9E

(IR DA7A(IR OATA

- lfELl- EYE

(la oArA[lAr 0A7A{yR OATA

iEYE ) TRA%D3FO~% UIN -OEFINED

‘POSITUSS OKLAHONA CITY (CG-5JuSS OKLAHOMA CITY (CG-5)

I PCN 3 iM4SP1 PC* 3 u?rsP1 PCN 3 N8AA.S

lM.5N19.1*19. ON1’3.3N19.6N15’.4?419.5N19.5N19.3N19.5Nlq. ]N19.5N

19.4N

(1R OAIA. 1IIR DATA 1 ;;: : ‘“%~ ‘m’ ‘1){IR OAIA )

lR DAIA2

Pck 5 UMSP700 Z2U 62 1;0 37 bO 3.20 15 972

r4. o/4.5 -/uu.5/2+rins) PCN 6 ~MSPr*.5/6.5 /OU.5/2411US1 PCN 3 lN4sPr4. o/4. u I / 1411s) PCN S iAlk5P

- APPARENT RAOAR EYE - CEEOER BANOS OISTINCTr4.5/4.5 /00. b/23 HtlS) NLLk4-5r4.5/5. o I / NArs) pcN 5 r!rJY1-5

tLIP

-

.-

.

.

.

.-....

Clue

.

C]HC...

.

.

.

.

.

.

t~lP

N-S *OX3U

USS OKLAHOMA

---

USS OKLAHOMA.-.

b-P 2sAT -SATSA iSRORSATSA rLNDR

SROR

CITY (CG-5)

22. bN 120.3E- 4511t- RAOAR STORM CENTER

- 45//{- 45111

.-

.

--.....

7

.

.

7

.

.

.

.

“

CITY (CG-5)2?. bN 12rl.3EZ2.6N 1<0.3E22. ON L20.3E

19.6!4]9. aN]9.6N]9.8W20. ON19.2Nr9.7N?O. ON20.2N20. ON

118s6E118.6E118.7E118.5E

118.8E119.3Eiiq. aElle.9EIItii7Eila. qE

L15URLRI)RLIWRSATLUURSATSA rLHURSA 1LMLZRSA rSA rLUVRLIEI)RLUIJRLRL)RLti13RLIELNELUVR

.-

.---

. .

. .

.-

. .---.--. .-.

--------. .. .

--

. .

.---

.----.--.-+.9

...,,- 1290/

IIR DATA ) PCN S NOAA-5- 1291/

(II?DATA ) PCN 5 UMSP{rR OArh 1 PcN 1 UPC5P

- 1291/([H OArA ) NOAA-s

22.bN 120.JE

22.6N 1.20.3E

22. oN lZO.3t(CLTNF02)

- 1291/IIR DATA ) PCN 5 LIMSP(IR OATA I PCN I UHSP

- 1291/- 1097/

~9.7N]9. ?N20. ON?0.1.4

20.lN20.lN

?O.2N?0 .2N20.3N

119; nE11o.vE118.9ElIe.9E119. oE119*oE119.lE119:1E119.lE119. IE119.6E

119.*E

119.4E

119*3E119. IE119.lE119.3ElJu.9E119. OE1113.9E119.3E

119. *E

22. ON lZO. JE22.6N IZO.3E22. ON 1.?LI.3E22?.6N lZO.3Ei!2.bN- ldo. JE2Z.6N lto.3E2z.6N 120.3E

- Irwll-.--,- 1091/- 1097/- 1097/- 1097/3 700 140 T4 60

IRS)- 96*

(CONF 01)

965

20. ON?O. ON20. IN20 .2N]9.9N?O.2N20.2N20.1 N70.4N20.3N‘?O.4N20.1 N

.20.3N

20.5NzO.2N20.2N20.2N?O.3N?O.l N?O.l N?O.lN

PsA7SA 1LROR

36pchPCN

. .1 I)MSP1 UMSP

lT6. O/6. O /01.5/24)0lT*.5/4. S / / NMsl

- 10971(15.0/5.0 /00.5 /25HRS)

- 25/61- 21972

2a 700

2Z. ON lZO.3LNOAA-55A T

LRDRL130R

P

22.6N l/O.3E22. eN lZO.3E

70 75 340 40 - -LROR - - 25712LI?UR - 2063(LRUR - 25792SAT 11P OArASAT I IR DATA

22.6N 120.3E22. bN 120..iE22. bN i?o.3E

) PCN S LNISP1 Peru 1 LWSP

) Pch 2 UMSP1 PCN 4 u#sP

) PCN 3 ~:;

)

IIV.lE119*1E119.1 E11921EII Q.l Ellq. oE11n$9E

t 116.9EI 118.9E

SA rSATLRORSA r5A r

(1R OATA<IR OATA

- 2171/(1R DArA(IR OArA

- 2081/- 26111

22.6N 120.3 t-

(CONF 02)iHDRLRDRLROR

SATLRURLHURLRU$lLHURLHUR

P

- 25111IR OArA ) PCNi LNrsP164 20 .4N

I?2.bN L20.3E22. ON lZO.3L22. bN 1.fo.3E22.6N itO. JEZZ.bN 1/0.35-

1051661671 btl169170171172173174175

176111118

?O.lN 11808E20. IN 118.7E20.2N IIU.6E?O.lN llLi.5t.20.lN I1515E?o.l N 118.8E20. ON IIu.5E20. oN 1113.2E20.3N llu.6E20.3N I1d.2E19.9N II EI.4E?0.0?’4 116.36?O. ON I181sE19.5N li8.5E20.2N 118. sE19.9N II LI.5E

- 551r/- 65frL- 5s1/1- Wtl- fflll

f;

.....i 10 7UIJ 140 60 401T4.5/4.> / / rSRSI(IR OAT. 1{T4.O

.

91*

(CONF 01)

40PCNPchPCNPchPCNPCN

.-5 UMSP3 UMSP5 ilNSP1 UMSP1 UMSP3 U*SP

SA rSATSATSATSA r

.-. .1/4.0 / / MNsi

1/6.0 /S /24tlNS))ATA 1i/4.5 -/w L. O/24 ISHS)

202264220230012023002210000221 OO57ZZlolooz2101O4Z

1T6. I(IR I[T3.!SA r

LRURSAT

. --- ?2.9N lto.3E -

. ..- 22.6N lZO.3E -

- 51111<T5.015.O Is /231SHS)

- 45flf(IR 0A7A I

MOM-5i19180 3 NOAA-5SA 1 PCN

99

*,,

II

I*II

,1..

1*10*10,1

Pllltllll

,81918818

!8*

III

III

*I

#I

It

o#

.c1

.Nm

..

o01+

1lW

1208562121011Z1.?14352122114212213821.?23112130135Z132120z132121213222621W117Z14011?7i40947z141OO3Z1*1OOIZ1410132l+llo~z1+135’4Z1*13592142050z1+ Z1O*Z1+21O*Z1+2:0$21+2332z14233921501O7JZ15030021503562150934Z150946215094671510192151342z151342215.?046z152247215225S21600+22160224Zt60353z16092.?Z1609292160929Z16092vzI61OO8Z161104216110421612022161506Z161506Z162029Z162145Z162207z162356Z170007Z170206Z170206Z170240Z170911Z170912zI71052Z171104Z171118Z171448217i44az172012Z172012Z1723032180102Z180108Z1801482lAb0237Z181003Z181012Z181036Z181036Z18104oz181430Z181430Z181533Zla2000z18Z1OOZ1821372182137Z182137Z1821372182200z1b42228Z182300z1900002

I ROPTCAL sTORM t14MA

FIX PO~ll IONS FoR CTCLU19t NO. 130600Z 1S SEP TO 060UZ 21Z 5EP

MAX 09s NAX 0ss 0ssFIX ACCRY FIX F>T LVL W1740 S~~ tiINo MINcAT NAV-HET LVL UIK vEL BRG RNG vtL SRG RNG SLP

Mlp FLT700NH LvL

POSITEYE ORIEN- EYt. OF MSNFORM IATIIJN OIi R~OAH NMIAU

FIxNO.

1

z345678

1:11

;:1+15

H18192021.?223.?42s2627.?829

%’323336353637383940●14243+4454647+849sow5253545556575a596061626344656667686970717273747s

E78?98081828384

,::87888990

Po

7.2N

7.3N7.6vB.+NB.*NB.3N7.8NB.3NlJ.lN8.2NB.2N9.3Nil.5NH.7N9.lNB.74B.6N9.]NB.2N3.5rA

P.ON).luD.lwI.l ND.ON9.9N0.8N1.3N1.8N1.9N1.7Ni!.ONZ.8N2.lN

*.2*6.1 Nb.6v5.4N5.3N5.1 N7.1?4r.lblb.3t4i.8Nb.7N7.1 N5.2N5.7N7.2N5.9N1.5N

7.ONb.3N

7.lNb.9N7.3NB.ON7.7NB.8NB.4N9.6N9.ONB.8N9.2N9.lN9.lt4D.ON9.INB.ON9.6N

9.5NB.8N9.3N9.5N9.3NO.ON9.9N9.8NO*8N0.6N1.7N2*ON1.7N1.4N1.4N1.5N2.2N1.8N2.3N2.5N

SIT

145.5E

145:2EI+5s7E145.3E145:6E145.7E14606~14b.6E144.3E144.3E144X4E

145.3E14z.2E141.9E141*[email protected]

I*1$7E142.3E142.7E142.4t162.4EI*6:IE142.8E143.3E14?.9E143. oE143f6E143.5E143.8E143?2i14*tnE143?7E144.7E144.9E14*xnE143?8E143*6E14+. oE144*3E14*.4E144*3E143~7E146.4E14kt7E144t4E

143!OE144.9E144ZIE146toE

144.6E146.4E144. OE146*6E14+~6E145s3E144.4E14*!OE14*01El*4<ot144!3E143:5E144. oE143t6E143s6f

;+%~:

141s8E142.7E142~6E142?oE141.2E140soE141*oE141~oE141.4e141. oE140~9E14002E14013E140. zE140:4E139*BE139..sE139,8E140$3E140:5E140.2E140.3E

rI/lo

SAT

5A r5A TSAT5A 1sATSA ISATSATS&tSA f5A 1SAT

(1R OATA )~IR OATA )(IR OATA )(1R OATA )[10/0/ / l’N4s)(IR OATA )(1R OATA[To/o/ / H12S;[T1. O/-l. O /D1. O/24HRSlLlfl 0A7A 1(1R OATA 1

PCN 5 ONSPPCN 5 U*SPPC* 5 IN4SPPCh 6 UMSPPC* 5 U*SPPCN 5 N@4-5PCN S UMSPPC* 5 U*SPPcu 3 UMSPPCN 3 NOAA-SPch 5 LWSP

PCh 6 IzNSPPCN 6 UMSPPCN 5 UMSPPCh 6 VMSPPCN 5 NOAA-4PCN 5 NOW-SPCN 5 UMSPPCN 5 UNSP

(71.0/1.0 f / NRSI(1R DAIA 1

5A T5A TsATSATSAT

SA 7SATsATSA t5A TSATSA tSAT

D

IIR OATA i(IR OAl& 1(IR OAIA(1R DATA :IIR DArA )(1R OArA 1

.( lR OATA I(12.0/2.0 /01. U/24NNS)( IR OATA(T2.5/2.5 / / HUS](T2. o/.2. o / / INbs](IR OhlA )(IR OATA 1

10 15 700 21U 4s 130

13 7 700 30 24 300(1R OATA 1(1R OATA )[IR OATA 1

PCN 4 UM$PPCN 5 UMSPPCN 3 IAM5PPC* 3 UMSP

NOAA-5 (CONF 02)

4s 98330 986

(CONF 02)

90 979

(CONF 01)

PCNPCN4s30PCN

. .3 NOAA-553597::

?0 300b ut4sP5 DMSPs UMSP5 NOAA-5

Z4 2514 1+

--. .

.

. 33P

SATSATS4 TSAT

PCIAPCNPCN

SAisATSAT5479A TSATsAT

PsATS* r5A r5A TSA 1SA 15A T5A TSATSA rSA 1

IIR DATA )llR OATA 1[T3. o/3. o /01 .U/24tbRSJ(13.0/3.0 /01 .O/23H12S)I lR OATA 1(IR 06TA[13.0/3.0 / / ISRS]

10 15 70!2 26U 60 1904 IR OATA 1

PChPCAIPCN

PCN

PCNPcb45

5 qMsP6 UNSP5 i)MsP

NOM-55 NO@l-55 UMSP3 UMSP

55”1906 ~MSP5 UHSP3 UMSP3 UMSP

5 NO-AA-45 UMSP3 UM5P

5 %%5 UNSP3 LN45P

529! 13 12 . . . .

[IR OATA )(IR OATA )I IR OATA 1(IR OATA 1(IR OATA 1{ IR OATA 1IIR OAIA 1(IR OATA )lIR OATA112.0/3.0 /M1. O/24HRS;

5 1s 700 #lo so 200113.0/3.0 /s /21HRs)(73.0/3.0 /s /25H@S)IIR OATA )CIR OATA- )(13.0/3.0 / / MRS)

s Is 700 90 60 50(IR OATA )(IR OATA )(114 OATA )(IR OATA )(IR OATA )(IR OATA )lIR OATA )lT3. O/3. O-/O1. O/Z4NRS)

1T2. o/2. o / / 14RS)llR OATAiT3. o/3. o /S /2sH@:[IR OATAtT2. O/3. O-/MI .O/24HRS!

5s 700 ?lU 45 130(IR OATA )IIR OATA )IIR OATA I(IR OATA ){IR OATA )

PCNPCNPCNPCNPCN

PCNPCNPch

t.PsATSATSATSATSAT

S; TSAT5A tSATSATSA tSAtSATSA ~SATsAT5A ~5A 1

PsATSATsATSATSATSATsAr

P

120PCN

35”2005 -Nc))~

3 NOM-$5 QAI*s50yM:;

6 ~MSP5 yMsP6 L)NS@

5 NO.?%4NOM-5

s Ulssl$3 O*SP5 6MSP6 OMSP5 NOAA4

NO#A-53 ij14sP3 U14SP

50 +0s to3M-5

NOA4-Ss DMSP3 U14$P3 iA14sP

120 96Q

(C(SAF01)

120 972

.

.

13 14

14 14

.

.

-.

.-

PCNPCNPCN

160PCNPCN

b

PCNPCN

(CUAF 01)PCNPcwPCNPCNPCN

PCNPCN90PCN

(CL31F 01)

80 98 ~

(CONF 01)

14 13

14 14

-- . 7

PCNc

PCNPCNPCN

100

(1R OATA IIIR OATA I

2s 700 ?1O 72 180- 611/3

S ljMSPs UIYSP

-. . 97? ------

.

. 35.3N 13 EI.7E -8

. 35. ~N 138.7E -

LIEOR~

SATSATSATLRORSA rLRORLROR

tT4:O%~3/Oi.0/25HRS,(13.5/3. S /01.5/251bRSIlT4. O/4. O / / NRSJlT3.5/3.5 /01.5 /2014#IS)

tT3;o{~{/s

- 61116

PCN S ~MSPPCN 6 IN4SPPCN 3 OMSPPCN 3 @SP . 35.3N 1.S8.7E -

. 35.4N 138.7E -

. 35.3N 13bl.7E -

/21 NTAsl ..

-----.

NOM-S (CIMF 01)

101

PCN s NOM-5

PCN 5 IN16PPCN 3 WSP

90--

9192v>

1900311z190100Z19013121901312190300z190345Z]90400Z1905002190700Z190800z19D900Z1911311clz19101qz191019Z191019Z191019Z1911OOZ191115219141321914132191413219Z121?Z19Z120Z19.2129219212(?z1Y2337z192352z201032z

31.9N32.3N32.7!432.4!432.8N33.3N32.9N33.2N33.7N3+.24

140;7E140.3E140t6EI+O:ZEl+u.2E140T6E140. oE140toE

1+0.4E1+0.6E

140.9E141z3E

141*1E141.oE161.2E140:6E142.1E141$7E1*2.EE143.oE14z..2E145.2E145:4E145.5E]6**6E146:oE145..2E151.3E

SA 1LRDRSA rSAT

(IR OATA

- 6///6IIR OAVA(IR OATA

- 6//165 10 700

- 61!16- 61//5

- If Ill- 61111

I

I)

35 320

.

.

.

.

.

.

-

35.3N 136.7E--

. .

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919899

100

10110<

10310*1!351061071081091101111lZ113114115116117

Iin

i1313RP

35.3N 1313.7Eso 9dl

(CONF 01)

29<

MIN

I.ROR!-WARLRDRLRDR

35.3N 138. 7L35.3r4 13S.7E35.3N 1313.7E35.3N 138.7E

35.3N 138. 7E35.3N 136.7E

34.5N34.6N

3+.7N34. 7N35.5W34. ON34.7N

LRORLR12R

SA 1SATSA rSA iLR13RsA1sATsATSA tsATSA 7SA rSATsA1

SAT‘5A T

- 6flll- 6tlll

(IR OATb(1R OATA(IR OATA

PCN 5 L3NSPPC* s uwsrJPCN 4 OMSPPCN S UMSPIIR OAlb

- 61[1/I1@ DATA(IR OATA{IR OAIA(IR OATA I{K? . 0/3. O-hf. U/24H4ZSIiT2. o/3. LI-/wl. >/24HMs)tTZ.5/2.5 /wO.5/2+NRSI

35.3N 13u.7EPCN S -5Pck! 5 *SPPCM 6 **PCN 3 UMSPPCP s i)NSPPCN 6 IIMSPPCN 5 UISSPPCN 5 ~fi~

PCN 5 NOM-5PCN 6 NOM-5

34.9N

35.7N3S.9N36. ON38.2N38.lN38. *N38.8N39. ON

lT2.5/3.5-/Mi .U/Z4tNASI

112.5/3 .0 /mO.S/2514RS)39. ON

43.5NllR DAli )tIR DATA )

lRt3pIcAL S70RM FRED4

FIX POiI!IoNS FoR CYCLUNE” NO. I*00002 23 SIIP TO 000LIZ25 SEP

MAX 02S MAX 13t3sFIX ACCRY FIX FL7 LVL .IND SF! ● INoCA 1 NAV-ME7 LVL C31n VEL BuG tiNG VEL 13RG RNG

FLI?Oo?kl LvL Ev~

11/10 FORN

Oms*INSLP

1001

Pvsl 1L!F USN

RAUAU Nr4tl*

FIA..!J. TIME

1AZ1377191019719212h Z201OO2Z20210122109457211 OO3Z21114’4721151.47212227?21224!37220204Z22111.32221133222221*Z2222362

UIZIEN-IAIIUN

-.

PoSIT

15.2* 139.2E14.5r4 137.5E13.4N 136.lt13. ON 13*.2E13.5N 134.2E13. BM 133.1 E13.7N 133. oE14.1 N 132.9E14.3)4 132.lri17.1.4 130.3E

17. Oti 13us2E15.2N 129.9E17. OW 129.5E16.9N 12t!.5E18. ON 126~3ElSI.2N 126.2E

123

sAT

SA Isd rSkrSA rSA rSA r5A 7shr5ArSArPSATSATsATSA1SA1SATSA 1SATSATSA rSATS&r

PSAT5A rSA ISRORSA IS6 rLHURSA ILRURSA 1SA IL14URLllURLKURLRINtLRDRSA r

SA ILUURL14URLRURSA rSA rLRURSA ISA 1

Sa rSATSA t

170/o/ / IsRs} PCN S UMSP

(1R OAIA17 0/ o /s Z24HMS:IIR OAIA )

Pet. s vrssPPck s UMSPPCN s WISPPC* s tN4sPPCN S WASPPCN S bNSP

PCIU S NOAA-5PCN 6 UNSPPCN S LJNSPPcri s ur4sP

100 .?5 120 100PCN 5 UNSPPCN 5 U*SPPcri s LN6SPPCN 5 UNSPPC* S NOAA-5

NOAA-5PCN S UMSPPC* 3 UMSP

●

5b7B

1:11Iz

131415

IT1. o/ii O /D1. u/24H4ES){IR 0A7A 1IIR DfiTA 1(IR OATA )IIR DATA I{11.0/ 1.0 /s /25NNS1tIFI OATA

5 25 700 490 35 1:0IIR LIAIA 1

23 23

15 12

-

.

.

.

.

.

( IR OArAI rR DATA(11.0/1.0(1R OATA(T1.5/l.5I]R OAr@(11.0/ 1.0lT1. o/l. o(IR DArA(IR oArA

i1

/24t4iiS1lb121*

z21.22232*25

;?

/s222336Z230125Z23020222303b4z2303442231052z2311212231121223144%z231625223162622321532231940Z2321s3z23222*z2323uo[23233s72+ OOOo724v04?z2+00**12406107i140b4nz2413800z2411n07241200724121772412172241300~Z*1+(,17724150!312+16,>1724160ez2+1700724231nz24231#z

;9.4N 126g~E18.0F4 123. bE18.8N 122.9E18. v+ 123.3E] 7.9N 123,2E]9.SN 120~@]9.7N 1211.6E19.9N 12u.5E

3E

1/ NNSJ/ (CONF 01)

/ NW;/ MM.]

// PC* 5 ~NSP

PCN 5 IN4SPPCN 5 UMSPPCN 5 UMSP15--

“(IR 0A7A )55 700 <3U 60 120(IR lIArA )(IR 0A7A )IIFIOATA )

- STORH CENTER(IR lZAr& 1tIR C)ArA )

- 71fll41R DATA 1

- 7f/11t13.5/3. !! /O~. IJ/24NNS}41*. o/4.0 / / IOISI

- 1091Z- 20912

19. lN 119;316.7N lla.3E18.6N 119.4E19.5N 117.7E19. ZN 117.4E!9.5?4 117.5E19.4N 117:4E19.9N 117.4L)9.3r4 117.3E19.8N 11/. IE19.6N 116. IE19.7N 115.1 E?O.4N 11*.8E20.3N 115. I3E?n.6N 114. sE21.1 N 113.*E71.1N 113.6E

953*

(cONFou

-- ?Ixrd5 UMSPPCN 6 u41SPPCN 5 UMSP2s

,?9303132333+3!sM!3r3839

USS OKLAHOMA CITY (CG-7)PCN 5 UMSPPCN 5 LJNSP

lb.3N 1.?O.6E

lb.3N 120. bE

22.3N 114.25.22..3N 114.2L22.3N 11+.2E22.3N 114.2E22.SN A14. ZE

22.3N 11*.2E22.3N 114.2L22..3N 114.2E

22.3N 11*.2E

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NOAA-5PCN 3 --5

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40414.?●3**+54b47+84*50

51iii53

54

50.4.4

21.2N21. ON21.2N?l.3N?1 .3N22. ON21.6N2?. OW22.1 N

21.7~

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ii3.9E11$.2E113.2E112. *EII Z.5EIIz.2E111*6E111.7EIOR.9EIlutoE

109.8E

107.5E105.13E

PCN s ur4sPPC* 5 13MSP

PCN S tkNSPPCN 5 yrsy

- Illff(1R oArA 1 PCN b WASP

PCN 5 U14SP

NOM-SPCN b NW-5PC* 5 NOAA-5

tlR OArA ilT3.5/3.5 /S /25 H14S)IIR UAIA )tIR OATA I

(CL?UF 02)2501532

‘3512+n7260117?

102

IIME

1 VPHOON GILDA

FI.3 POS1 I IoNS FOU CVCLUNL NO. 1SUOOUZ 03 0$1 T13 06011L lU t3CT

nrlz 0!3s ❑AX t3*~ LIB>FIX ACCPY FIA fLT LVL WIND Sbr. dINrl .JINCA1 NAV-MET LVL OIM VEL WIti RNG ULL LIHG RN6 SLP

MIN FLi Post r700fW LvL E’ft l)tilkN. LYL UF USN

HGJ 11/10 FOU.-I i&liUN Utl+ RAI),IM NdMIJ

FL&NU. P13S1 1

12.6N 15M.3E

13.14 1s7.9E!4. O,i 15b.9E

13.6N 157.1 L15.9N 155.4E16.5N 155.6Elb.7N 15b.7E

93 T

5A!w IS4 I5A 197 ISA ISk I

P5A i

P=,A 1SA 1

PS&TSk rsn T5A 1SAT

P

!lR ihira )(11.0/ 1.0 / / *MS)(IR OAro ){IR obrh )(IR<12

O11OI7Z

012240/0201 05/0.? U92UZ02 U931/U2200QZ02 Z1U1ZU2220SZoi2234z03 UO07Z030205z0301SOIZ031391Q7!3315557032043/032.? 571

PC?.5 NOAA-5PCN s NDA4-5PCP 6 U*SPPCt. 5 NOA4-5

? OAifi

!. 0/2.0/ / HUS;(IR okrb )

pm b LWSPN~~~; (CONF 01)

+’Cix 6PC. 5 NOAA-5

0/89

16.6N 155. f)Elb.5N 155.13LI 7.4N 15b. nElb.5N 1S6.3E17.8N 15b.3E17.2N 155. OE17.9N 15b.6ElM.6N 156.75.lb. IJN 155.l)L17.8N 155.6ElH.l M 15k..7E17.13N 155.7ElS1. ON 155.5E19.8! IS6.3E18. YN ]55. OLlLi. ON 155. oE?U.4V L54.9E19.8X 15*:uk2U. EW 153.2E?l.l N 152.7EmJ.5N 156.4E21.ON 151.*E20,7v 152.5E71.9N 151. nE?l.9N 151.5L?l.9N lSU.6k

(12.0/2.0 /D1. u/24tn4S)

10 5 7UU ~8U 3.5130112.0/2.0 / / HNS}

13 30 70U 10U 2U 340(1H(IR

25

iso*U ]3U 150 loudPCN 4 VU!+

LOU d> 360 160 999

PCh 6 U14SPPck 5 UMSP

2b 2*

12 12

lb 13

27 23

19 16

14 14

14 14

17 15

14 13

10 12

1? 14

14 12

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lU111/131*

uA7b?13u bu 27 3]0

11215/2. > /UU.5/2j HKSI172. O/2. U /S /25HRS}(TZ.5/2.5 /0 0.5 f27rlMSl(1U UATA )(TR II AT. )

99*

(CONF 01)

25 Yud

(CONF 02)

- ‘+89

3u --PC& 6 W6SPPch 6 NOM-4

NOM-5PCk 6 N0,43-5Pc& 4 U*SP

25 *U 17UvCh 6 UMSPIJCN 5 NOP.A-5

NOAA-5PCM 6 UMSP

032310/03231870400211[0402407040’+2hz04095X7u410u3/0413117U4145UZ0+20?6704?152?04.223+70Y30177050230/lr5u.4557050VO*705091420511107051116/!J5125b,’05143 /,?0515257052009205200*705213,120521397USZ247?05 L346Z060136106062?7.

10 - 5- ’700 2bu 6U 17UlIR 0AT4 )[IR 0416 )(In oar,! )

3SA r5A I

5A T5A 1 (IP OAIA )

5 7UIJ Zlu 40 13Ur3.5/3.3 /01. U/?*HMS)13.0/3.0 /01. uf23MHS)In Oilrb )lR l),ar A )

2 700 lUU 80 36UIR 0AT4 )IR l)A1b )IR uAr& )IN OAlb )

30 --4 UMS.P6 N04A-46 N04A-56 LAMSP

4SA rSA rSA iS4 r

PSA r5A]SA !SA ISA ISk ISAT

PSfl I5A TSA 15A 1SA I5A rSA 7

-WI 120● UMSP+ LZMSPb NOAA-S5 NOA4-5

NOAA-S6 lh4sP5 L)MSP

5U 97*

22. ON 1511.7t?l.6N 15u.5E21.9N 151J.9E71. ov 15u. QE.=2. lN lWJ.4b22.9N 151J.3E22.77 15U.lk23.5N 15u.6E72.8,$ 15t.3E73. ON 150. IE7.3.2N Ibo. IE23. 7.< 150. oE23.8N 149.1 E

(CCOiF 01]

Y /e

IK l)Ar& )IR OATA ) PC.

VCN5 5 70u 35U 50 240

(14. o/*.13 -/ol. o /22 HHs){13.5/3.5 /s{IR OArA 1tlR OArA 1IIia uAr A 1

*13--PCN 3 UMSPPCN 4 LV4SPPCN 6 U*SPPCN b UMSPPCti b NOA4-4PCN 5 NOA4-SPet” 5 UW5P5U +5 20UPck 0 UMSPPC* 6 u*SPPCh b tN4SPPCN 5 L)MSPPC!” b NOA4-5

NOA4-S

{In oArA 1DArA 1

5 700 .?7U 60 200iln

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?5.2N 1413.8E25.1 N 14M.9E?-.9I4 169.1[?b.6N 169. fiE74.5w 14M.6t

24.5w 14Y.2E?+.8N I+U. HE75.3N 14t.. flt2+.6N 14tl. ULzb.2.4 ]4d.3t25.6.v i4b.l5-?5.6N leL1.l E25.3N 14a.2E?b.4N 147f6t76.5.A 147.7E?6.85 167.6E76. tlN 1+(.5E28.1 N l*r.4E27.64 147.5t28.2)4 1+7.5Ez8.2N 14(.3E?9. o.I 1*7.1 E79.9* l+b.9E3U.2N 147. nE10.l N 147.9E30.2V 14b. OL3u.74 147.6k-+1.4N 147.5L31.5W 147.3L31.3N 167.7L32.9N l+B.7E33. ON 149.2L3?.9?4 14F. *L33. ON 14M.8E

.33. IN 149.3L13.2N 14Y. IE.33.6N 15u.4E.35. ON 151.1 F.35. OV 151. Ot35.3N 15U.9E35.5N 151 .85-3b.3N 15105t38.9N 15>.9E

SA ! (IH OArA 1(1R UAr A )(1R OAT& )(1R OATh )(Ill OnTfi )lIH oArb )llH OATA )(IH uArA )

10U ZIU S7 130OArA0/4.0-/0

~T3.5/4. u /

m rM 1SA 1SA r

5A I5A 7s.4 r

PSA 1S41SA I5A 1SA rSA 15A T

P5A rSA r$/l ISA I5A I

PSA I5A rSA rSklSA ISA r

v5A rSA [S4 rSA rSA r5A 1Sfi t5A ISA rS4 r5A iSa ISA iSA r

(cONF 01)

Y 19

PC& 6 UMSPPctu 5 UMSIJ

*5--Pch b LhrsPPcl” ● UMSPVCt” 1 NOAA-5PCh 5 NOAA-4PCN .? Urns@Pc& 1 U.ISPPC). 3 UM5P

lU k.u 21UPCI. 1 NOAA-5

NOA4-5PCh: 1 NOAA-4vc& 1 UMSP

54(la(r..

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/ HHS)(IH 041AIT5.O /S.0- /01.5 /27 HRS;lIR O#ITA[T+. o/4. u / / HNS;

52 70U 2Yu 613 210I]&! OATA )(1H url TA ){Ill OAIA )[In l)Arb )&lR 13AT0

32 70u 2bU 65 l:Utr*.5/6.5-fll. S /22 I+H51(1R mrfi I

15 97b

(CONF01)

0710162071*o P(07153<Z072117/072.21H7080015/OmoloozOfsololz0801017UB032<7080.95s1U5IO91OZ0809142U809S9Z0Li095q Zo1310561U81343?ULI21OO7ub21u13i0s2.31!+/(382331 7090043209!394?1

Pch 1 UMSJdu --Pcb 1 UMSPPC6’ 3 N04A-5PCN 1 NOPJVSPC(42 UMSPPc& 1 U*SPPch 3 U*SP13U - -

973

(IR oAr A )<r5. o/5. u / / lilts](IR OAT& I{75. O/5. LI-/L31. U/2+tilSS1

35 7UU L6U 65 210(IR OAla )(Ill oAr. )(IU 13ATA 1tlR obr~ 1(It? oAr A )(IH 04rb )(IR UAr4 I(13. >/+. u /ul.0/2eHRS)

‘ibu

(cONF01)PCN 5 NoA4-5

NOAA-SPCI’W6 NOAA-4PC* 5 LJnlwPCA 5 uf’lsPPC$.5 NOA4-5Pt.,6 w45PVch 3 UMSPPL.k5 lhlsP

NOAA-5PCt.5 NOAA-SIJCN5 UMSPPCN 5 VmsvPCN 5 NoAA-S

(CONF 01)

9U 09101,7 W.2N I.l+. HE

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FixNU. POSI r

13. TN 14b.l E

13.84 14b. oE15. OV lW.5L16.1 N 1+8. oE15.1 N I+b..iE15.. SN 146.6E17.8N 1+7.5E17. ON 1+7.5E11.7N 1+7.7E)U.8N 14 b.flE] /.7N 146:2E18.5U 161.17.]7. IN 16G. OE18.5N [email protected] 147.2E16.24 147.4E17. oq 1+7.8E16.4N 147.7E17.4N 147.5E

16.7N 1+7.6617. oti 147. oE17,13N 14b.8E17.6N Ie6. L!E17..2.’4 14b.9k17. IN 145.7E17.9N ]46.4E] 7.3* 145.5E]b.6q 1++.9E]7.2N 14+.8E16.8$4 1+510E17.1 N 14*.9E17. O.A 16b.l L17.21u 146*3E17.7w 14b.4EI 7.5N 140s5E1 7.9v 147*6EI 7.s3.9 ]4b.5E18.6N 147.8E18.6t4 147.9El&.6N 147.8Ela.6w ]48.4E?l,lrA1+9?6E?o. @A 150. OE21.2rA 151J. oE21.5N IS1.2E22.9N ]52.1 E22.6N 15?.0~23. ON 152.4E23.014 15’2.5E24.2N 153.7t24.8$4 153. fLE

?+. bti 153.6E?5.2?4 15+.5E25.4P+ 15+.5EZ5. IN 15+?4E26. ON 15+.6E

25.3N 15+.6E25.13N 15+.4E77.5N 15+.9E

2b.7N 155?O~27. ON 155.5E?6.6N 15505E

F OHM

.

-

-

-

.

CIKC

C]uc

CIUC

1Y1OI4Z

191036119211<71923067

19<312/200053z20095272009571LOOY577

Sfl rSA. I

Sfl rSA1SA 1SA 1S&fSA ISA1SATSA 1SAT

SA rSAT

P

(IR lA&l A }{Il.’ L)ArA )tT2. o/z. LI / / HRS){11 .5/1.5 / / HRS)(Ill 13A1A )tll? DMrA )(In DAIA )(IR UAT& )(IR DATA )(1R OATA )IIR DATA(12.0/2.0 /S /24HKS:(;2.0/2.0 /OU. !a/23HRSl(IR oArA

5 5 1500 110 32 JO3 15 712u ---

tIR OAf A IIIN OATA )

PC* 5 WISP

PC* S LIMSPVCN 5 UMSP

NOAA-5PCN 5 UMSPPch s LN4SPPCN 5 LU6SP

NOAA-SPCk 5 IN4SPPC* 6 UMSPPCk 6 I)MSPVet. 5 UM5P

NOAA-SPch 5 UMSP90 <5 JO

(cONFOI)

(CONF 01)

(cONF OIJ

90 9tWz99b

(CDNF 03)

20133+z20133472020snz20222]z2022282210219ZZ1032RZ210940221096o7.2111051

25 2s30> 12 13

--11

---PCN 5 UMSPPC6. 6 UM>PPCN 5 ur4sP

NOAA-S

-.

--

. .

. .

-.

(IR OArA 1I IR 04TA I

?0 7nLl l&U 38 .021111nz2115e5Z212’7417212134172122,)7721233+z212341/220250722092272209237Z<10167221021Z221s5?z

222023?222926 z22204 =,2222248?222257z23090s72309062230937z

3 -. ---(12.0/2.0/s /2ih4si{12.0/2.0/ / WK.]{lR P.,. ,

55 --: 99bPC,” 5 UMSP

PC* 6 UM5PPCN 6 ##~

(cONF 01)Vcw 5 U*SP20 *U ]50 120 989PC& 6 UPASPPCN s WSP

NOAA-S (CDNFO1)IJCNb ~MSPlwJ--- 9L!.i

PCN b UMSPPCh 6 LN4SP

15--NoPd-5 lCONFfi~

PCN 5 UMSPVCN 4 UMSP

PCN b UAISPPCh 6 IN4SP

N\~~; (cONFOl)PCN 2Pcl’. 6 UMSP

2SA 191SArSA rSA 1

P5A rSA 1sA7SA r

P

--, .5/2.5 /DO.5/25HRSi(T2.

(In oArA

5 20 700 2U 20 :0IIR DArA 1IIR UAIA )(1R OAIA J(IR OATA )

25 700 290 45 220[13.5/3.5/01.W24HHSl113.5/3,5/01.5/24HHS)

S5 -IOU Iu be 280(1+.0/4.0/01.5/23HW}(IR OAIA I[IQ OArA I

30~ 11 12

29+ 12 12

,?9$ Is 15

3

b

4

SATSti t

PSATSA rSA rSATSAT

{In OATA )IIH OATA I4U

4142434645●66748495051

52533*555657585960616Z

230942223,?006?23200672322132240341z240u4Rz240849z2410497241056zZ+1508Z24194QZ

24t949Z2+22577

24231522+2325%2501O6Z2501o6z250233z2S0831 z2508322251005z2511Ji3z251327z25134822519322251932Z252i57z25223nz252241 Z26004 LIZ2bO048Z260814Z260030726092172bU93172609S672b1330Z

salSA r5* rsar

P

llH L3ATA )(74.5/4. > /D1. u/24HKS)

>A rA );Cl 7jArA )

700 -A2U 75 2+0

(1R D

Il. -0 2U

(IR UArA )II

P:!’. b LJMSPbLl .35 220 100 ‘ib I

PCN b ublSPPCN A UMSPPm ● UMSP

NOA4-S

1 28 u 16 12

276 20 12

7

u

Si ISA rSA rSA r

17? DATA )Ii? OATA )11

IIR OArA )52 700 Zau 93 200

115.0/5.0 /OL1.5/24HNSl

(CONF 01)96.4

(CONF 01)

15 943

(CONF 01)

PSA rSA 1SA rSA 1SA rSA 1SA 1

PSA 1SA 1SA ISA ISA rSA 1SA [SA ISA 1SA tSA iSA tSA rSA rSA r5A rsA 1SA rSA iSA IsAr

Oo --PCN 3 L)*SP

(IU DArA(IR 13Ala

(15.0/5.0 f(IR t3AlA(IR UArA(T4. S14.5 /

3’2 71)V(1R 041A(IR DA7AtIR OAIA{IR OAr,r

))

I+KS I

1)

H14S)90 180

I)1)

Pc* 2 uMSPPCN 1 N:J::

PCN 1 LN45P

PclY 1’ UMSPIJck 2 U*SP

10 6U 90PCN 2 ~14SPPCN 2 LN4SPPCN 1 N:fl:g

/

290’ .?6! .21 11

b36+b5b667bs69ro71?d7314r5rbi?

27. *N IS5.8E?7.2N 15s. FIE?L4. bN 1s5.9E2E. ON 15b.2E?13.7N IS6. ?E?8.7N 156. IE2LI.7N 150~4E29.2N 1S6.5Ez9.4N lSb?6E?I. SN 157.4E30. ON 157.2E31. ON 1513.2E31.0-4 1s9. oE30.9N 155. IE~Z.ON 161. IE37.2N 164.5E3L1.7N 164~4E

(IR 0Ar4 )(IR OArA 1(1R oArb )(1R OArA )(1R 0A7A )(15.0/5. ” /S />314Ks )(76.515 .,) /

PC. 2 LM4SPPCN 2 l)MsPPC* .3 UMSPPCN z U!4SPPC* 2 UMSP

NOM-S (CDNF 01)

. ..- /--Hl(SjtlR DArA ){14.0 /+.5 -/UU.5/24HRS)ttR oArA )tIR OArA )(IR UATA }

PCN 1 fiMSPPcfJ 2 UAWPcm 2 Lh6sPPCN 2 UMSPPCF. 6 LN6SPPCN 5 UMSP

N$3.4-5PCN 5 UMSPPCN 6 UMSP

(CONF 01)

.2b2157Z (13.0/3.5 /W1.5/231AHS)

iIR DATA )PC:4 5 WISPPCN 6 LhlSP79 2b2253Z

105

F 1ANo.

1 YPHOON JLANFIA P41>1110NS FOk CYcLONk No. ]8

1200Z 28 UC1 10 l,2no Z U+ NOVH&x 08s M&X Ods

F 1A ACCI?Y FiA F’LT LVL mlNLl S!$ d] NilPost 1 C4r NAV-MEI L*L DI~ VEL ljllti RNG VtL Bt?G RN6

w? Mlrn FL[ Pus] I“J(* 7~~:d LvL LYE OH IkN- LYC Uk WSNSLP - 11/10 Foul! !AIIUN Iila f4AuAH NMB.iII*L

7.3N 171.9E

]~..2N lb5.9L13.6N 163.7E15.8N 16u.3E)1.8N 15Y. IE17. !lN ]59.5L]9.1 N ]57.4E?O. ON 15e.3El.A. lN 15r.l?t]a.e~ i57. nE19. t,N 156.9E

70. Ofl 15b.3E20. IN 150.6E

?O. IN 15b:l E?I). ON 156.3E?O, lN 156. ?E20.13N 156. lt

?13. w 15b.5E7u.9N 150.3E?o.7r4 15t.. ?E

5A i

5A r5A ISb r5A T5A ISA iSATSA ISAT

Pcr 5 u14sP

PC1, b UMW’PCN 5 UMSPPCN b LWSP

NOAA-5Vcw 5 U*SP

PCN 5 ilMSPPCP. b UM>P

211212RZ

25 L157[262157Z270031z2723[!7227231?2.?80921228092122809502?ao95672&125.+z2821322L

(7 0/ 0(T 0/ u(T 0/ ulIR DA7b[T1.5/l.5lT1. o/I. o11S! OATA(19 DATfiIIU OAIAIll? 0A7&

//s/s

/ HRS)/z4tlHS )/24HMS)

)

//01.

/ HHSI,u/25HHSl

1I1)

(cONF 011

PC* 5 UMSP

NOAA-5PC!, 5 UMSPPch + LIMSP

Peel 3 U*SPNOAA-5

PCN 6 UMSPPCN 6 UMSP

25 05 300Pcv 6 WASPPCN 5 UMSP

VCN 6 UMSPNOAA-S

PCN 6 UM>PPer. 6 udsP15--PC*J 5 UMSPPC* * UMSPVch 5 UMSP

NOAA-5VC+, 6 U*SP

5U b5 220

PC* 6 UMSVPC* 5 U*SPPC*. b UMSP

NOAA-5Per” 5 UMSFPCN 6 UMSP

PC!, 3 UPISPVch 4 U*SP

Pch + UHSP

NOAA-5PC* 3 u@rsPPCN + UMSPPer. 4 LWSPPch ● lhrsPPCN 6 UMSP

NOAA-SPC!. 6 UMSPPCN 3 UMSPPCN 3 UMSP

NOAA-5

(cONF 01)<A i5A rSA 1SA tSAIsla I

u

(IR DAr& 1{13.0/3. U f / I’ws]ir3. o/3. u / / Ii+/s)I r3. O/3. U /01. S/23HkS)41P DATA )(IR LIAr&

2 5 150U Juu 70 2;0{[R OAT,a IttR lz4rfi )iIl? OAT& )

Z&12023Z2c1221137282226228224137290513/29 U904Z2909052

29u90hz

(CONF 01)

71Z 9*IZ - 25 2* CI*C 30SA iw 1Sk r

(CCNF 01)

Y It 2a+ 16 1-3 CINC 3U

29 U917Z.?91237729i237?2914517292005729?OO%Z292142229232Hz

30011923003077

zO.7N 15e. oE?l.5N 15b.7E21.4N 150.4E?l.7N 15b.9E22.7N 15r.5E22. aw 157.4E22.9* ]57.65.?4.1 N 157.3E23.2N 15 H.2i-?3.2N 157.3E24.5w 158. +Ez+.3v 1513:5E24.2w 15b. *E?4.5+ 159. (,E23.5+ 157.8E?5.54 159.2E24. oN 157.1 E

23.8N 157.2E2.4. oN 156.5E

23.8N 156.5E24.2N 15b. IE26.2N 155.9E?+. aN 156.3E2+. t3N 15*?+E?4.9r4 15+. oE2b.3N 153*7E25. IN 153. I)E25. *N 14 Y.!rEz5. aN 151z.4E26.1 N 149.3E

25.5N 141. ot2b.3N 14b.3Ez’6.6N 14s.9E2b.5N 14e.l E2b.9N 146.1 E,?7.3N l*b.6E26.9N 14b. gE27. ON 14b.4E2b. oN IA7. OE?7.0”4 lAb.6E26.4N 14b.9E27. SV 146.2E27.lfA 146.1 E27.8N 14e.4E?7.3N 14b.6t27. ON 14/.0E2b.9N 166.5E2t..l N 1*0. IE?b.lw 165.6E2b.l M lAb.l E24.6N 143.5t2*.1!, 161.3E73.6N 139.2E?3.2N 13*.5E

S13r5AI54 I

?

(1R OArb )(IR DArA )([k DATfi )

5 10 7UU d*u 72 150lT.).5/l.5 /flu. >l>&HNSl[T3. [IIR [{14. (lIH [

25

?

3

SA rSA ISA r5A rSA r

P

-. .. . . . -- —....—0/3.0 /s /24HMS1OArA 1o/*. o fol. u/25HKslOA rA

700 .?*.J 70 2;0

(cO+iF 01)

45 978 29 Ule 10----293U31 3ooa477

300*4137301 OIM73010267301401?3014017301948Z3u19413z30225&z302345z3IO1O2Z31 I31O?Z31083023ioa3n7310934731094323113447312112z312113Z3123572

oloAr59z

SA tw fsk rs.3 r5A ISA ISA rSA ISA r5A rS4 I

(1R oArA 1(IR OArA )(1R OATA )11P OAl,a )lrP oArb )(IR warn )(11.0/2.0 /b2.5/24HtiS){ rz. o/3. u-/ b;. u/24utis)(1R OAr& )(72.0/3.0 /M2. U/24rlltS)(1R DATA(12.5 /2.5-/ / Hns;(1R 0AT4 )(1R OATA >(IR DAr A )(1R DArp )(IR OArb )(T2.5/Z. > / / !iHs)IT 0/1.0 /n’l. u/251+ns)lT2. o/2. u /s /24 MtiS)IIR w4r4 )

(NO CO?iF)

(CONF 01)

SA ISA 1SA rshr5A ISA ISA rSA rSA 1

2..4r

(CONF 02)

iiSi

(CONF 01)(cONF01)NOM-S

U*SPUMSP

5r?535+55se5?58590061*#fb36+656b67mu

13:3y6;

(J12323Z0Z020R7020937702093JIz0210022O21O12Z021450702145r3Z02203Qz022039202.?239Z0,?233.32030025Z

sArSA1

S41SA rSA 1SA IS.A ISA rS4 rSAISk rSA i

(IR DArA )(r3.5/3.5 /ol. u/2+HRs1(T2. o/2.0 / / HIWII{It? oAr4 )(1R OATA 1fIR DATa 1(IR 0Ar4 1tlR DA7& 1(Ill oAr,q 1(Ill DATA )111.0/2.0 /wl. u/.2ltNls)i lR UA [A )(IH OATA )

@4sPVMSPI)*SIJUMSPLN4SP

NOAA-SuMsrJ

(CONF 02)

Pcl,PC. u91srJPC!.VcflPctu

UMSPs.a rSA IsArSA 1S&ISA fSA IS4 rSA rSA rSA r

33

tiMsPlR oAr A i

IR OAIA )IN OArA )IR 0A7A )IR DAra 1lR uArA )IR 0A14 )II? oAr& )[K Oar,a 1

NOA,i:SUMSPUMSPUMSPUMSPU*SPUMSPUMSP

(cONF 01)f331315iz03091*Z

03092020309.21 z0323517O41O3IZ062307Z060019?

W(.PC!.PckPc NPc t“

33

69?0

ri12737.

b333PC?!

IJct”3*CN 3 U*SV

106

I

18

11

11

18

11

1s

*11

11

11

11

89

11

88

11

8

,88

11

81

01

18

11

11

11

6

lllllllll~ltle

*#n

lBlll

##9

11

19

*1

81

80

I1

:1

,1

1,1

8II 1

1

Illl

llll

hll

l

I@llst

#lllll

*I,

llll

oe

llll

.--...)-..

..

IJwwwuwuuuw

u::

...........

OUo:evu,

eu

um

e>:

2ZZ

ZZ

Z2Z

ZZ

222

-..

I-...

..

..

**+8

9***

***

;:+*

8**.

**+*

*.

..

..

..

..

..

**G

s*’G

ee*a

a~

:P

lrn

rl.

mm

f.lm

mm

mm

w0

11

11

1*1

11

11

11

88

1Il

llle

llll

a=l

I.

u-m

91W’439*95

0909191090920Z0910447O91O4RZ0914zf7z

16.2bJ 139. qE14.44 135Y7Ei4.6N \3M.13E1 3.7N 13u.9E16.8N 131. Hf16.8N 137.9E13. MN 143:9F15.2N 136.0 E15.1 N 13il. E7E15. ON 135.7E1+.9N 135.4L14.5N 135.2E14.9N 135.4E15.2N 134.7E14. RN i3*.5E1*. BN 133. *E14.9ru 133.6t14. WA 133.6E1*.9N 133Z1E14.8N 13t.9E

15.0!4 13-i-7E14.5N 132.7E14.7?4 131.7E]4.7N 131.5E14..SN 131~6E1+.9* 131.5E14. EIN 131.-5E14.8N 131.2E]4.8N 131YoE

14.7r4 131.1 E14.7N 130~3E14. EN 130.3E

SA r=.A TSA [SA I5A 7Sk r

*

(In nArb ) w-h 6 U*W(in iiii ;(1W orl TA )IIR oAT, ? 1(IR 13ATA )(1A! oATc, )

2s

700 Iu 54 ‘2)30[T6. o/6. o /D1. u/.25 tiRS)

.PC*Pc$+

i 6U;P1 NOAA-5

NOAA-51 UMSP1 U*SP

.-

1 WASP1 UMSF

1 NOAA-51 N@d-4

NOM- 5I U*SP

(cONF 02)

972

PCN969?

989V100101102103

09142flZ091635Z0Y2202Z0%2202Z0923202100013ZIoolloz

PCN16 11

la 15

17 15

16 13

lb 13

17 12

17 1517 15

16 1319 lb

18 15

18 15

15 11

Cfnc

Clnc

ELi P

ELIP

ELiP

ELIP

CIHC.

CI14CClirc

-

.

.

CIHC..

.

-

Cllrc-

.

.

.

.

.-

C[NC

.

.

.

2328 uSATsAT5A TSd r5A rSA rSA I

P5A 1SA rSA 1SA 1SA 1SA ~

0

PCNLTb.0/6. o fDi.u/2otiws>LIB OAIA )(1.NOATA 1(16. O/6. u /01. k./25HNS) (CONF 02)

25 929

IOO]2QZ10031OZ10032UZ101044Z101O+4ZIOI044Z101156Z1012OOZ101*IOZ101s202102145z

<Iii L7ATt, 1(1R OATA )

23 100 SW }10 290tIR OATA 1(IR OATA )(Ill OATA )[IR OAIA 1(1R OATA 1(IR OATA )

55 700 320 95 290{Tt..5/6.5 /00. b/2+HHS){T6.5/6.5-/OU .5/24W4S)

1O*L05lob10710M109lio111112113

PCIU 1 UMSP2* i2U 290PCIU 1 UMSPPCN 1 UMSPPck 1 LWSPPCN 1 NOAA-5

NOW-5PCN 1 V*SP

30 11

(cONF 01)

- 919 N-S

N-S

L-w

~ti-Nt

.-

. .

.-

.-

.-

. .--. .

. .

.-

--

-.. .. ..-.--.

. .-.-.

. .

. .

. .--

4ox~u

39X4U

35X13

25X<0

20--PCN 1 LhlslJPch I LIMSPPCN 1 NoAA.4

NO~-5PCN 1 NOM.5PCN 1 UWSPPCN 1 UMSP

40 ●5 320

PCN 1 UMSPPch 1 ubrsPPCN 1 NOAA-5

NO#A-5-.

~gN 1 UNSPPCN 1 ~MsP30--Pcr4 1 rrt4sPPCN 1 014SPPC). 3 L)*SP

NOAA-5PCN 3 NOAA-5

NOAA-4PCN 1 OMSPPCN 3 UMSPIJCN 1 UMSP40 110 20

9V 40~:N 3 IZMSPPCN 3 NOAA-5

NOPA-5PCN 3 ~MSPPCN 3 UNSP93--

-.

gtu 1 U*SPPC* 1 U*SP

NOAA-5

SirSATSA rsATSA [sATSA f

u

114115llb117llM119120121122

I02145Z102313211u026Z11 OO32Z11 OZ53Z110253Z110345Z

1110272

iIR OAlrI{16.5/6.5 /OU.5/23Hf4S:4 lR OAT& )(IR DArA I(1R OArA

55 700 50 105 31041R OATA )(IR OATA )(IR OAIA )tlR OArA )

22 70u 350 93 260IIR OArA IIIR OATA

22 700 20 92 2j0(IR OATA )115.5/6.5 /ul. i3/24HRS)[T5. O/6. O /bI1. k./25HRS)

1T5.5/6. o /nl. O/23 Nbrs){15.0/6.0 / / Iorsl

(CONF 02)

1s0 925 13SA rsAr1I1027Z

11111221111162111510Z111534211153421120S32112128Z112128211231oz

123124125126127126129130131132

i4.7N1+.8N1+.6N1+.7N14.5N1*.6P414.7N14.9N14.4N

i3e.lt129.13E130. oE129.8E129.7E129:4E128. FIE121r*ElE128.9E129.2E12911E12n@12 LI.5E128:4E12u.6E1213~5t127.9E127.4E

127:1E127$oE12b.7E126.7E126!6E126!oE125.6E125.7E

125:6E125.SE

12*.l E

SA rSA i

PSATSA r

P 940SATSA tSAt

sATSATSA rSA tS6 rSAI

P

(cONF 01)112342Z112349Z120008Z12023’52120235212023s21203002120f531z12101OZ121224Z

14.8N14.7N]4.8N14.7N]4.8N14.6N14i6N14.5NIh.eri14.7N14. +N14.6N1*.5N]4.4N14.3N1+.6N14.5N14.8N14.9N14.8N

]4.5?’414.7Nr4.7N)4.7N14.7N14.7N14.7N14.6t4

13313413513613713Li159140141

tYR fzA7iI lR DAiA(T5. o/5. o /

I lR OATA5 700

:5 70Ut lR OATA(1R OATA(IR OATA

)I

?rIrs)

)90 32095 50

)1)

/1515

12 9+U+0 9*O

(CONF 01)

20.

1315

.

.

.

ltr..--

.

.

14.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

6

.

.

.

Sir5A rsA7sATSAT

1+21+314&1451461471481+9150151

12123fIz1215162121517Z121542z122030z122252Z122252?1223002130054Z1301OOZ

(IR OATA )(1R OArA )

-PP

SA rSATLRURsAr

LROR

5 70U 110 100 340:5 700 70 35 3*O

[15.0/5.0 / / HRSItT5. o/5. O /S /23MRS)

1616

1?

.

17

.

Ill

14. IN li3. oE

14.3N 1.?7.7E

lA. ~N 1z7.7t.

]+. jN 1z7.7E1+. SN 1,?7.7E1*. IN 1.?3.17E14. lN I?3. oE

1*.1* 123. OE16.6N 120.3E

14.lN 123. uE

- 2070/tT5. o/5.5 fwJ.5/25HRSl

- EYE 100SCONCENTRIC INNER 022/CU7ER 028(IR obr~ PCN 1 NOAA-5

~ EYE 100S CONCENTR[; INNER 014/OUTER 0202 7011. 2U 88 290 50 05 29U 75

- EYE 100S CONCENTRIC INNER 012/0U7ER 028- EYE SC% CIRC OPEN NNE INNER 10/OUTER 30- 10s22

(CONF 01)

152153154155156157158159

1301O1Z130300Z1303062130400Z1305002130600z130700Z130800Z

125.1 E12*.7E124.6E124x5Z12*f3E124.3E124:1E123.8E

SA rLHUR

P 930L~ORLRORLWJRLRURLROR

- 10522- 10522

16016116216J16+1651bb1b716EI169171Z17117217317*175

1308002130.s342131OOOZ131134Z13114.2131200?131200z13130i7Z131300.2131400Z131430Z131459Z131459Z131500Z

14.7N14.5N14.6N1*.6N14.6N1+.7Nr4.8N14.6N1*.7N1+.7N14.5N14.7N14.7W14.7N14.7N1*.6N14. EIN14.7N14.7N14.8N14.9N

12+:nE123.7E123.6E123.4E123.4E123.1 E123.4E122.9E::::;3

122.8E122.6E122*7E122.6E

13208E122.8E

122.6E122*4E122.6E121.9E122. oE

LI?URP

- EYE 100% CIRC 010 ~VG INN+ 11 KTS22 700 Ilu 9* .20 10 1<0 *o 30

- 10s22{lR OArA ) Pch 1 U*5P[lR OArA ) PCN 1 NO~-5

- 10311- 1078/- 10311

924LRURshrSA rLROULRORLHORLRORLRURLIEI)RSA rSATLUUR

1+.lN 123.ot16.JN lzo.6E16*1N it3. uE

16.3N 1.4u.6Elb. >N ldO. bE15..?N 120.6E

- 10382- 1D373- PS8L 15° SPRL 8ND OVRLAY

(IR OATA ) PCN 1IIR OArA ) PCN 1

- 10321- 10372- PS8L 15° OVRLAY

22 ?00 360 90 270 30 -- 11321- 10312- PS13L EYE FAIR FIX 60% ELIP AXIS

UUSPII*SP

14. ]N lr!3. OE16.3N lLO.6L15. im li13.6E

14. iN 123. Ot

16. -iN lLO.6E15. LN ldu.6k16.-M ldo.6E

1315002131500Z131522213160071316002131!33-21319007

LHLIQLIACJR

P176171178179180

939

1010

-.

10/5 Now-r

LiEIARLIN)R~RtMlL RL)R - 1231/

108

P o co

11

11

11

8

Illl

tll

11

:11

18

IIII

IBI

~ll

lllt

r’*.

! I w+uUN LUCYF14 POSII1ONS FOR CYCLLWt N(3. /[)

IJbouz ill !AUv 10 Ltiou.z u{ txcMAX OBS MAX OdS

FIX 4LCRY F17. FLT LVL wINO W$ tiINI)CAT NAV-AIET LVL UIA VEL BuG ICNG VLL BRG flNG

UustAINSW

9.) 1

MIN FL1700n6 LVL

HG~ 11/10

Publ TLvr. (3F IASNDIA RAL)AU NMd.1

Evt.F clue!

-

.

-

C115C

ELIP

CIKC

Clnri

C]uc

CIIFC

ELIP

CIMC

uHt Hu-!AIILJN

-.

.-

. .

-.

--

. .

N-s

SE-NW

IIMFC

2508427

2521 18/2bUOl I1726 U’+5472b22317270910/2r12347,27,?017/

272i I+712d011A7.?606002i8!3e5Q/2UOP.S91zni!lz3728135722813587282000?iadoooiZLlZ,?5f,2A3z259f

29005s72Y0327/29!)8+, /290t3+?7.?9093QZ29094772913407.29212<729221??29221572923.?613uu725/

301006[3010067301051?301054730132773013232302107/!3021+073023247302327z01(3205701 U2307010949701094q7011204Z0112067011+3Q?0114467012120701 Z23?Z0122322012319202003620200402020147Z0201472020243202111420211142021120?021121702142QZ021+2020221392022215Z02.?215Z0i!2351 Z0,2 Z356ZU30254.?U30311Z030311ZO31O57ZI331057Z0312322

031235Z03141120314112031443Z03155320320382032158Z0323062OauloezU40239z

040253204025320400313z

0411482

Prss

6.7w

7.1 N7.1*M.3N7.7N6.9*6.7.N6.9N6..8,47.2r4b.7N6.*N7.*V6.8N7.2N7.1,47.5Nb.4N7.17V6.6N6.5N7.6Nti.6N8.3!4M.5N7.0*V.o,’i$3.7N1.548.6*8.6N7.3.48.347.7N8.SW9.2.*7.4*7.OVti.lti7.6NY.ar4U.3*8.1 Ntl.11’i

10.6N8.9N

Io. mi10.0’410.4N10.3N11.3N

11.SN11.4N11.6N11.7N11.8N11.2*11 .2N11.4N11.lN

;11

176.5E

10 II.9E168.5E167.3E1b5~9Elb>. OE

163.8EIbl.9Elb?. lE161.3E159.9E158.8E157.7E151+.2L15b.6E157.4E154.6E15b.6E154.5E

155.1 E15b.7E156.1 L

151.7!!151.7E151.6ElSQ.OElsl.ltl*H. $E15”.9E14?.*EIal. IE1+8.7E1+7.’?E145.9EItl.tEl+b.b~l+b.6E1*5.6E1+*.5E1*5. ZL143.3E

l++.l E16i.6E1+1.5E139.8E13 L+.6E138. fIE13M.5E137.6E137.3E136. +E

Sfi r

SA1SATSA rSA [SA rsAT<a rS.a r5A 1

vSA IS,a rSA 1Sk rSA 1SA 1SA f5A ISA I5A [

+SA r5A FSa ISA rSA ISA ISA iSA rSA 1

PSk 1SA 15A 1S&r5A IS4 r5A 1

PSA rSA ISA I

PSA ISk 1SA [SA 1

5: r?

SA rSAISA I541SA 12A 1SA 1

PSA I5A 15A IsAISA 1SA I

PSh 1SA 1SA 1SA r

PSA 1SA IsATSA ISA 1SA1SA 1SA I

PSA 1

PSA ISA 1SA 1

P

SA 1SA 1

PSA I

iIR OATA

(11.0/1.5 /(Ill OATh(IR OATb(71.0/1.0 /s(In DATA([R DATA

(T2. o/2. o j([n OATA(1R L3ArA

z 20 70U

)

/ HRS)

*CU

IJCNPcl”PchPc%PCNPCP.PC*

b NOAA-5

b NOAA-5b L7MSP

b NOAA-S5 NOAA-5b NOAA-5b LWSPb UMSP

5 NOPA-53 UMSP

*O 3106 U14SP6 UMSP

2 NOAA-S6 UMSP6 UiSSF5 LN4SP6 IA14SP

NOAA-55 NOA4-5

t/25HRS:

I)

/ I’Orsl

)

3U 45 3;0

I))I)

/2WoW }/ FIRS)/ HRS)

)

PC)..20 20 Zb 26 1

<IR OAIA(IR O&TA(1R OArA{[R 13&TACIR OATt,(12.0/2.0 /s(12.0/2.0 /

lTZ. O/2. O /(IR OATA

Pc NPeruPCNPCNPCNPCNPc N

PCN(CONF 021

10 99?

(CDNF 03)

(CONF 011

90 100+

faNF 011

(1R U47A )44 700 IIu 45 30

IIR UATA )CIR 041A )Ill? OAT& b

4 UAISP3U 180

6 IN!SP6 IN4SP6 NOAA-5

NOAA-56 ~MSP5 lMrsP

NOAA-S5 NOAA-55 NOAA-4

25’200b LIM5P5 UMSP6 NOAA-5

NOAA-5

60*CN*CNPCN

Per’.PCN

PCNPCN90PCNPCN

9 2

lil(IR OATA I(Tz. o/2. u /s /25HRS)i12. !j/2.5 /DLI.’a/25MHS)

41

R DATA i

!R OATA )([N 13ATb )

5 15 lSUU 36U 27 280<[R OATfi I(1R OArh )<[R OAtA )(1R OATn )

25 25

25 26

25 .?S

15 13

16 11

.

PCN

4iR DATA i PCN 6 ljMSP(IR OArA ) PCtI 6 UMSP473. o/3. u /01. u/24HRS) PCN 6 LN4SP

5 20 700 5U 45 350 2*O 25 36o 105 lUIJO(13.0/3.0 /OU.S/251NiS) NOAA-5 (C23NF 01)(1R OA7A ) PCru 6 NOAA-5([l? OAlh I PCN s WSP

5

.

.

● o

s 5 1500(IR DArh(IR DATbIIR L)AIA(IR Oil?b

22 700(IP OAIA

25 700

13U 4s 95PCNPCNPcw

40 605 IAMSP6 OMSP

5 NOAA-5NOAA-5

. .

95 1001

50 100PCN

b

6

5 L314sP-.5 u14sP3 Ei14sP

6 NOAA-4

NOAA-56 NOAA-Ss U14SP3 yMsP

60S“UU14SP5 U61SP

Yti9

13b.l E13b. oE13b.l E136.2E]35.6E135. ot.134.8E

13*. r3E133.5E133.3E133.4E133.4E

133. oE133.1 E131. IJE131.9E131.7E

131.5~131.3E13 LI.9E130.9E131. oE130.1 E1313.2E129.8E12Y.9E129.4E12v.8E129.5E12’4. FJE

129~0E12&.’+E12 LI.9E12 EI.8E

12 LJ.5E1z8. sE128.7E126.6E128.4E

113.5/3.5 /OU. S./25 tlRS)(IR OATA 1IIR OArA 1{7+. O/4. U /D1. O/25HRSl(IR 13A7A 1llR OAIA{14.0/+.0 / / HRS;

46 700 130 75 60(1R OArA ){lR UArA 1(IR OATA 1

PmPCNFcr.

(CONF 01)Pc&PCNPCN

28PC*PCNPch

M 14

e 12

.20xi> 7

blbz636465be676869roII7/7374?5{b777879

11.6N11.3N12.3N]1.7.+11.6UlZ.7N12..SN12.6N13. ON)2.9N12.9N13. ON13. IN13.3M13.4N

5 NOAA-5

NOPA-55 U74SPS UMSPluO 2701 WSP3 13WP

NOAA-51 NOAA-5lIU 501 LN4SP1 i)6rsP1 UMSP

1 DMSP1 NOAA-5

NOAA-51 UMSP1 UMSP

-.

IIR OAra 1IIR DAIA )(IN oArA 1

53 700 17U 100 60lTS. O/S.0 /01.5 /24ttRS){T*.5/4.5 /D13.5/20MlSS)(15.5/5.5 /01. >/25HRS)IIR OArA

52 700 140 105 :0lIR OATA )tIR I)ATA )(lIF OATA )(1R OATA )IIR OATA )

(CO#F 02)

7 9*b

(CONF 01)

e 931

PCNPCN10PCNPCN

12

12

*

*PC*

30PckPchPchPCN

23 12

13.4N13.3N13. *N13.6N13.7N13. SN]4.3N14.4N]4. S?A14.7N]4.8N15.0+4lS. ON15. WA16. SN

Pcrl(CONF U.,

PCNPCN

13Pch

25Pch

52 700 1+0 120 10[IR OArA

S3 70U 40 90 3:0iT5.5/s.5-/0 l.0/z4HRs I

CT6. O/b. O /OIA. b/23HRS)(15.0/5.0 / / WAS)

45 700 3.40 90 250lIR OATA )

91V

. 920

(coNF 01)

8 931

26 12

21 12

17 11

16 11

16

25

28X<+

20

9

u1 UMSP

. .

1 lNrsPNOW-S

1 NOAA-5YU”240

1 UMSP1 UMSP

+u” 290

1 NOP$W5

PCNZLIPchPCN13Pet!

10

lUtIR OArA

45 700 lU 70 2;0LIR 047A )

120 93!

110

0*11S3Z9192

15. SN17.8V17. tN18.3N18,6N]8.2ri19.3N18.8N19.3N19.3N19. +N

12M.5E126.5E1213.9E129.6E129.7E129.4E129.9E129.9E

130.3E130.3E13u.2E

131.9E132-IE

SA rP

(1U DA7A )25 700 26u 125 180

(lR 04TA ){IR OArA )(16.5/4.5 / / HIES)

55 700 9U 60 350~T5. O/5.5 /bit.O/25HRS){14.5/5 .0 /NO.5/23HiiS)

NOM-545--PCN 1 U*SPPCM 3 UMSPPCN 3 UMSP15 100 250

NOPA-5PCN 3 NOAA-5

041+48Z04153s20421*OZ042] 40204214410500172050024Z050236205023fIz05024520510222O51O22Z

O511O4ZO5I11OZ

26! 16 16 ELIP

25: 17 j~ CIRC

26? 17 14 CIRC

N-s +Oxyl

40

40

11

11

12

939*9596‘+798

1::101

102103

10*

1U51 De1071051U9

110111112113

114115

sArSA rSA I

Ps~rsATSA rsar

P

(1R DATA IOATA

700 .?*U 135 140>(IR DATA 1

PC* 1 UMSPPclu 3 @P35 130 1+0PCN 5 UMSPSCtl

<A rSAT

SA rSA rSArsATSATSA r

PsATSAT

SA r5A 1SATSA iSATSA rSA rSA r

PSA r5A TsA7Sa r

21.2N21.7N

71. *N71.2N

?l.9N21.9N22.8N22.8N22. ON

22.1 N22.2N21.8N

(1R 0A7A )IIR DATA )IIR OATA ){lR oArA )IIR OATA

tT2.5/2.5 / / Hr4s;IIR 0AT4 )[II? OATA )

4 10 700 3+0 50 270tIR I)AT4 >(IR DArA 1(IR DAT4 1(1R OATA 1tIR OATA )(IR DATA )(11.0/ 2,0 /M1.5/24HRS)

PCN 5 LJMSPPCN S NOAA-5

NOAA-5PCN 5 $WSpPCN S ~MSPPC* 5 UMSPPCN 6 tiMSP

PCN 5 NO.m-590 140 270PCN 5 UMSPPCN 5 oPrsP

PCN 5 NOAA-5NOW-5

PCN 6 UMSPPC* 5 UMSPPCN 5 UMSPPch 5 ~ouum:g

PC& 5 NO,M-5

10 50 280PCh 6 UMSPPO’+ 5 t@rsPPC* s lhrsPPCN 5 NO.W-5

132.4E

13<.3E

133. oE133.15.135.5E135.5L135.6E

136.13E139.5E139.3E

139Z7E139. OC14125E141 .sE1+3.7E143.8E14*. oE14+14E146. *E14901E150.2E

15*:9~155.4E

0515172051518205212320521232052340z

06u25=,7061005zO61OO5Z

0610202O61O27Z0615002

so 986 29$ 15 16 - 13---

22.4N23. ON22 .6N22.6r42Z .7N

22.7N22.5N

(cONF olI116117 0615002

06ii106ZO621O6Z0622413Z06 Z2S6Z0704507070948707144.?707204Q707221?7

lle119120121

{T2. O/2. O / / H15SI(Ti. o/l. O / / nwsl

(IR OAIA5 2 1500 10 70 2;0

(1R DArA 1[IR OArA )IT 0/1.0 /wl. O/24HRS![IR OATA )

(CONF 01)

25 99723.1 N?2.4N22. ON

21 .9M21. ON20.9N

. 2* 19 - 14..-122123124125126

●

111

! rPtlCIUN 14AN’F

FIA POSII1ONS FOR CYcLEWC FN3. 21

0600,! 20 LltC TO ItI{IUZ 42< JANMAA 08S FIAX ONs us>

F IX ACCRY FIA FLI LVL w1190 ~~ .Uucl MINcAr NA#-F4kr LIAL Oj~ uEL BtFG i?r.AG VtL BA7G HNG SLP

Prlw FL I

i’oomu LVL EYtHG~ T1/IIZ F(JHM

PUsl IUF MbN

HAUAR UAW .7

FlxNu. TIME Po: SIT

177. OE

l?7. nL177.5E179. IFE]76.6E177. aE17tI:5E17S.3E

1908347

19111.7191315719156521919292192046?192106z19211>,2

SA r

SA ISA rsATSA rSA rSA r

S4 TSA 1SlilSATSA rSA rSA rSA rSATSA rSA rSATSAT-5A rSA rSA r.3A rSArSA 1sArsATSA IsATSA tSATsA1sArSATSATsATSATSA 1SA 1SA 1SA1SATSA rSA rSA ISA 1SA rsArSA rSA I

SATSATSATSA rSArSA rSA r

PSA IsATSA rsAISA rSA ISA rSA rsATsATsATSA rSA r

PSA rsAISA isATSA 1SA rSA r

o

(IR OATa

[In oars!tIH DATalIR OATA(IR O&TA(T1.O/l. O / flT2.5/2.5 / /(11 .0/1.0 / /llR lZ&lA{IR oaraIIR D&T,a(1R 0A7A(IR OAIA(IR OAIA(1R OATA

)))))

HRS)H14S)H14S )

)1)))

:11)

Pet”

Pcr4

6 #oAn-sb WSP

srrs-2SK-zSK-Z

Li.9N

8.6?J9.13N9.5N9.ON9.6NY.2N9.1 N

1].6N9.8N9.6N9.?N

10. ON10.2N

23A (CCNF 01)

(cONF 01)

(cONF 01)

[60 NN)

(60 N14)(CONF 01)

(60 NM)

(60 NM)

(CONF 02)

(60 NH)

(CONF 2)

(60 NH)(CONF 01)

(30 NH)

(CONF 01]

(40 NH)

3fiONF ;X

(60 NM)C30 NM)(cONF 01)

(60 NM)25 Y*/

(CONF oIl

(60 N\)e4

(40 NH)(cONF 01)

5PCN

PCNPCNPch

PCM

b VNSP-5

s FA04A-561r9F5P6FM5P

546-26 0?45P

N#A-5

a‘i 19235??

192352z.2QO+15Z2007672200 753Z2010522

iEF1l.4E17e.9E179. nL178.9E179. oE179. bE

179.lE179.1 El?9~3E17ii.9ElIFO. OE179. oE17u.7E179:7E179.2E17us7zE179.2E176. zE179. oE179:o E17 LIt OE176.7E177.6E

177.1 E177. IE17b.2E175!1E174.9E17e.9E17+?2E173.5E174~oE173.4E113. sE173.3E173.3E173.3E173.3E172.1 E17z~oE171.7E17i~6E

171.4E

171.3E173.2E171r.3E169.13E170.5E170.2E170.2E169. A3E169s1E16Y.3Elb9:5E169. IE169.2E169.4E

169?4E16il.21E169.1 E169.4E169.3E169. IE169.1 E169.4E169$OE1613.9E168.7E16 LI.7Elb9. oE16B.7E168?5E168.4E168.9E16M.6E168.6E161AsoElb8. oE165~6E167.5E167.3E16S. OE

lU111213

1*15

PCNPcti

?CN

66

6

201 O53Z20111s2201848220194922020.222210215Z210315z210729721073oz21090?)

10.1N9.sr4Io.ow9.5N9 .ON9.5M9.lN10.3W

(1$? OATbllR OATA{IR uAT41T3. o/3. o

I ru OATA{1!4 OArA

112.0/3.0tlR DATA{rR obrh(IR OArA

/00.5 /23 HF(S;

))

/ / tiirs ))))

PCNPCN

PCN

66

6

]0.lri]O.ov10.2V10. ow

9.13N10.5N

9.arA10.4?410. OV

9.6N10.2N10.9N10.2N

*.9N10.2N10. S*10.6N11. ON11.1*ll.lW11.\N1106Nll.lN

24252e272a29303132333435

2109027211215Z2112162211217221151522L1831z212133721213+Iz21231722123172220713Z2207452

(IR o,sra )\:~O~A;: /161.0/12 NRS ~

(IR OATA ){T3. o/3. o / / HRS)(T3. s/3.5 /OIJ. !J/25HRS)473.0/3.0 / / H14S)(T3. O/3. O / / HRS)[T3. o/3. O / / RNSJ(IR OATA 1IIR OArA I

PCN 4 *PPCF+ b WASP

SWs-zPCN b iWISP

NOM-SPC* 5 FN3FT.45Pck 4 OAISPPCP. 6 WISPPCN 6 OMSP

9ss-2PCh 6 N@S-5

srr3-2PCF+ 6 U14~

S76-2PCN 1 LM5PPCN 2 wr5P

sr62r#FL4-5

PCN 2 NOAA-5PC F., 2 NOA4-SPer. 4 IM15P

Slss-zPCN 6 UWiPPCN 6 WFSP

PCN 6 NCIAP.-5

NOM-5PC* 6 UMSPPCN 6 LNISP

Sin-z

3?38394rl4142+344454647●

+9

22081iz221115Z22115Qz22184s222195522219S5222201SZ222051z2220542222054z22225*Z2302192

(IR OArAI IR ObTA

~:io;;:!

(T4.5/4.5(T+.5/4.5{T b. O/*.0(15.0/s.0~IR DATbtT4. o/6. OlT5. o/s. O

))

I NRS)

/ / FIRS!/ol. iD/21FNrs)/ / HRS 1/01.5/23WFSi

)/ol. u/22 HFls)/0/. 14/24HF4S )

11.4V11.2M11.5U11.6rA12.4N

[email protected]. IJN12.6N12.9N12.8*]2.5113. ON12.9ri12.9N12.9N12.7N12.9N12.7N13. ON12.6NlZ. +N12. *N12.2’912.3N

1 1.9N11 .8-A11.9N11. bri11.8N12. ON

11. BN]1.3.4ll.l Nll.lN11.Z’N10.V410.9N10.4N10.4N]0.7+41O.SN10.5N

{lR O&rA )(IR OAIA ){ ]R OATA )[IIF OArA 1

230837223083722309312

2309342231141z23193822319452232207?240023?26002322401152240815Z24082022+082022408472240867224130s2241305224131sz

5051

5253

{In LIATA )IIR OhrA 1

5455>b57ad596061bd63

lT+. o/4.5 /UI).5/24!FHSltT3.0/4. O-/Ul. U/2+ HlFS)t74.0/4.5 / / WFs)(1R DArA )( rR OAT,a

42 700 .53U4 IR DATA(IR 0Ar4(IR OAT&(IR OArA

PCNPCNPCN

iS 2;0 30)) Pck> PCN) PCF”} Pc).I Pch

s r@wi4s lNFsP6 UMSP

*U 2*V

NOAA-54 U145P● 13WAP4 FroAh-52 ro3Azl-51 L3MSP

ila 13

17 10

13 11

Clnc 30 I

6+b5

(IR OArAIIR OATA[IR OATA(IR OATA ) Sn3-2(1R Dar A )[T5. O/S. O / / WFs) rroAh-5[15.0/5.0 /01 .O/23W4S) Peru 1 NOM.5[In OATA ) pck 2 WASP(IR OATA ) SatS-z

55 700 300 115 210 2s IUu 210(IR OATA 1 PCN 2 UMSP(IR DATA 1 Pch 4 ~PlrR OATA ) PCN 6 ~.$(IR OATA 1 Pc.k 4 ~{lR OATA ) NOM-5t lR ObTA ) PCFi 6 U14SP(IR DATA

24 loo 3*II ‘ - =2LRLZR - 15 SPRL- 0VRLf?Si~!YE4~OOR FIXLRUR - ~~0 Sp~ ovRLy pSBL EyE p~R F]x

LROR ~~0 spRL ov~y psBL EyE p@R FIx

, RUR : ~50 SpRL ovRLy pSBL EYE pooR F1x

6b6768b91071721374757677

242049z24212nz242123125000622502492250314Z250803225080322SO1303Z2509592251 OOZZ2s124s2251+1s22515S9Z25162sZ251725Z

251825725202s?2S2039Z252045725204SZ25205022522312

CINC 15 ?

7U79808182

~LIP.

E-u 351<>--- 6.7N lbr.7E -3

8.7N 107. IE -M.7N 167. rE -U.?N le7.7E -

838*858687WW90

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112

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9.6N

9.5N9.4N

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10.l N10.2N11. *N

167.8E16?.6E161.1 E167.2E

16750E1650T4E166.13E166.6E166.lE16e.l E

165. IE

165~1 Elb+.5E16*. OE16*.l Elbz.6E

162.4E1b2x2.Elbz.2E161.3E

16U.2E15S.3E

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tTS.13/5. o /S /25Ht4SI PCN 6 NOAA-5- 15°SPILL ““”’ “ ‘“”’ ““” ““’” ‘“”

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iwuLI?W3S4 rLRUR

(60NN)

20 9?(

(60NM)98[

(CONF 02)

60 991

(CDNF 01)

V*Y

(COflF 02)

999

(CONF 01)

9YU

15 991

SNS-2SPRL OVRLY PSB: EYE POORFIX

P 5 15 700 2U .9227o ,S 8> 360LROR - ~50 s~RL ovRLy psBL EyE PDfJR FIx

LFN3R - pjo ~pR~ ov~y p~EjL ~y~ p~R F~~

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260915226u915z2612313Z2b1415Z26143?7z6217211z266~;

26215122T011?Z270331227091oz27091oz271o.27z27103oz271354227135&z27144n727201122720112272259z

SA 1

SA I5A rSA J

PSk rsa rSA 1S.A15A r

PSA rSATSATSk rSATSA1

PSATsA1Sfil=.Ar

{IR DAIP. )lIR DATh )(1R DATA ){Ii? DATA

5 15 700 lU 5s 2;0(13.5/4.5 / / HKSI(14.0/5.0 / / MNSI(13.5/4.5 /M O.>/? 3HMS)(IR 0A7A 1(1R ohrh

53 700 151J 56 :U(IR DATa )

PC?, 6 NOAA-5NOAA-S

10+ .10510610?108109110111112113

25--PCN 6 UW5PPCN 6 Nou~::

PCN 5 NOAA-SPCN 6 UMSP

50 bo 50PCN 6 UHSP

PCN 6 UMSPPCN 5 NOAA-5

NOAA-5

15Bs4E157.9E15S.2E15b.6E156. IE156.5E150.3E15*:oE1s3.7E1S3.6E1s3.5E152.’4E150.7E150!7E150f6E150. oE150.1 E16915E1+8.*E

(IR LIATa )(IR DAla )(1R I)ATA )IIR DATA )(IR OAIA

S5 700 7U 57 3;0lT3. o/3.5 /bIJ. b/24 HItS)(73.0/3.5 /ul. u/24?rlis)(73. s/3.5 /s /25HHS)

114

11511611711s

1191.2U

PCN b lkPPCN 6 UMSP

1?0 - -PCN 5 UMSPPCt. 6 NoU~:~

PCN S NOAA-51211221.2312*1251 .?e127126129130131

272ii6i2000542

2B0232Zi2eoe53z280e53z28094322811*2Z2S1336226152!2282135228213622e2136z2822o4z28222?7290037229021822902397290810z2908352299910z29u935z29093Qz29101oz29101Rz291018229103sZ2911ooz29111,, z291135z

291,?lnz

:Al 4iR DA1:P 15

sAr ( IR DATASA: (IR DATASA 1 <Ill DATfiSA r (IR DA7hsAr (1R DATA

PI03 700 1*U 50

i PCN 5 UMSPzo --PCN 6 UMSPPCF 6 IZMSPPCN 5 NOAA-5

noA4-5PCN 6 wSP

8- ‘;00 15J 30 130)I))120 2s7.1>20--

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39

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11. ON SAT (13.0/3.0 /s /24HRS)SA r (13.5/3. S /DIZ.5/25HNS)qA r 413. s/3.5 / / HRSI

700 70 61 320DAIA 1

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14014714814*150151

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ll.l N11.5N11. SN11.4N11.4N11.2N11.4N11.3N11.2*11.3N11.2N11.2N11.2N

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i48.6E14a.3E148.7E14rs.5E147~eE147:6E147.6E146:5E146Y5E14b. zE146:2E1*5.9E14s:9E145.9E14S.7L145.7E145:6E145. s.E145*6E14s.5E

PCN 3 WISP-P 20 “-5-SA I tlR OSA I (IR DATA

_sAi (1R DA7A

P102 700LRUR - PSBL EYELROR - PSBL EYELR13R - EYE 60’30LROR - EYE GOOO

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.

15 13-PLNDRSA rSA 1LRDRSA rLRORL16!JR

53 700 3U 77 330 8U tO 320

- EYE GOOOFIX ELIP AXIS 25/15 60% wALL(IR 0AT6 ) PCN 2 UMSPIIR OATA Per. 3 U*SP

- FYF GOl10 FIX ELIP ,iXIS 25/15 60% HALL

PCN 4 NOAA-5O FIX CIRC ;25 70% HALL CLDO F] X CIRC 020 60% MALL CLO

O FIX ELIP AXIS

9!36c!;

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CLO

982

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21 984

(CONF ::)

(CCNF 01)

- 998

1003

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13.6* 1*..9EII

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- EYE GOOD- EYE GOOO- EYE WOO- EYE POOR FIX CIRC 025S5 700 29U 70 200- PSBL CENT PCd3R FIX 30%

13.6N13. oN

13. bN

13. *N

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LIN3R

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i3. bN13. bN11.2N

11. ON -Prz 700 33U 65 240 10 - -159

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10.4N 143.3E SA r (12.0/ 3.0 /wl.5/24HRS1 6CN 4 UMSPio:3N10.4N]0.4N10.3N10.2N10.2N

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30 7 700(IR DATA(IR OAr&

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4. NORTH INDIAN OCEAN FIX DATA

FIX POS1 I1ONS FOR T* OP1C4L CYCLUNE NO. 17-77

ZIIOUZ 11 MAY 10 0s002 l+ MAYWAX 0!3s M! x 08s

F1l.Otrs M]N FLT

FIA ACCHY FIXP13s Ir

No. 11.!kFLT LVL MIND ?+L #lNLI WIN 7oons LVL

POS1 TEyt LW]EN- EvE OF

CA I NAV-MET LVL UIU VEL BRG RNG VtL-GRG RNGMSN

$LP HG~ 11/10 FOIWI !ATIUN tAIh R60AR NMLAR

1

23.36f

&

1:1112l-i1+15lb1718192021

0805157

0ML1657{09!3307/IOU41OZ100440710145CJ711 OO2AZ111J324Z111303<11141521117047.111711521’2001FIZ12020071202402120547Z1213037121333212182RZ130006213014.7?

7. 1.1

7.5N9.ON

14. ON11. SW1+.5N]4. a.q15.8M17. ON16.7r415.4N16.4?418.5N]8.4N18.8N20.3N2LI.13N21. +N22.2t423.8N23.6N

EU.2E

7).6E77.5?Li7. oE86:3E87.3E88.5E81r. ]E89.3E89.7E8tJ.5E89.5EF19toE88.2E89.iYEe9.3Ea9.2E89.4E91J.9E90 .9E91. TE

SA rSt!rSA ISA r5A TS4 r5A rSA rSATSATSA rSATSATSA rSATSA rSA rSA rSA rSATSAT

II .5/0.5 / / HRS}(IR OATA )(1R OArA111 .5/1.5 / t tins;

b6

L)*SP

L)USP

NOAA-5NOAA-5

UMSP

NOAASLW5P

NOAA-5UM$P

NO~.SunsPU14SPUHSPurksP

NOM-5NOP.4-S

LhrsP

NO~-5unsPUMSPUIVSP

tCONF oI)

(CCUF 02)

(CONF 01]

(COtiF 03)

(CONF 01)

(COfiF 02]

PCN

PCN

Pcw

Pch

6IIR OATA )IIR OATA IlT3. O/3. LI / / Iil?s)lT2.5/2.5 /01. U/23HRSl(1H

s

s? IJATA IllR OAl& ){1$1 L3ATA )

.4546

[IR L3ATA }(14.0/4.0 /ol. o/24HRs)lT4. o/4. O / f HKS)lT3.5/3. s /01 .13/23 H14SJ{T+. o/+. o / / HRSI(ZR OATA 1(1R OATA(14.0/4.0 /s /24 HtiS;lT3. s/4,11 -/vlO.5/2+Hl+S)17*. o/4. o /s /24HRS1

PchPch

PCN 3

PCNPCNPCN

234

FIX PosITIONS FOR ~ROPICAL CVCLONE NO. 18-77

20002 10 JUN 10 01300Z l? .JUNMAX OBS m~x 08s Oms Mrm FLr

FIX ACCRY FIXPOS1 T

FLr LVL wINO S~~ WIND Mlti 700$rn LVL EYL URIEtA- EYEcAT FAAV-MET LVL UIE vEL BRG RNG IAEL eRO RNG

OFSLP

MSNMG~ 11/10 FOhH ~ATICIN C31n RAOAR NMUR

F 1ANO. rIAIE

090329z091617210044OZ10044821015WZ102OO8ZI10242Z11035721104O4Z1107o9Z111528211195.IZ1202342120251212050qz121515Z1216027121933z130219z13042521405342

POSIT

16. ON16.91v17.9N18.7Nlti.3N19.2N19.5N19.7N?O.2N19.6N19.7N19.6N20. IN20.1 N?O.2N?l. IN20.3N?O.6N20. BN?U.5N2u,l\

69?oE69?+E68.3E6EI.6E66.8E66. IE66.6E66*OE6S:6E6+.13E65.9E61~eE

6216E61.4E62.3E60.5E59..9ES9t9E59. IE5825E54. 9E

SAT

SA rSA rSA rSA rSATSATSA tSATsArSAr

S4 rSArSA rSA 1SATSA rSA 1SA rsArSA r

(11.0/1.0 / / FIRS) NOM-SNOAA-5NIMA-5

PCN 4 DMSPPCN 6 ~sPPCN 6 ~16SPPCN 3 OHSP

NOAA-SPCN 4 ~M5PPCN 3 IJMSPPCN 6 @PPCN 5 yMsPPCN 3 ~MSPPet” 1 lhrsP

NOAA-SPCN 6 LhtSP

NOAA-5PCN 2 W4SPPCN 6 WSSP

NOM-5Nop-5

(CLMF 01)[C& w{

(CONF 01)

(CONF 01)

(CGtiF 02)

w; :;1

1

23●

56

:

1:111213i+151017Iu

221

( IR OATA112. s/2.5(13.5/ 1.5(IR oArA{13.5/3.5(14.5/3.5{T3.5/3.5(3R OArAI IR DATA(1R oArb(1R 0AT4

(13. s/3.5tT4. o/4. o(75.0/5.0(IR oArh(1R OAr&

/01.5 /2sH+VSi/ / tiRs)

/ / HRS:/01. O/24HRS)/oi. u/z3H17s)

)

i)\

/s /24 MliS;/OLI.5/24HlVS)/0~.5/25HRS)

))I(1R DATA

41R oArA(13.0/4.0trl. o/l. o

i/Mi3. U/23HRS)/w+. o/2sMasl

r,

115

FIxNO.

1

z3*56tL1Y

1011121314

151617181920212223,?*

25Zb2728.49303132

rlwF.

270020z270Lz27z27U53572713,,zz271429227181772wl]44~2802542280s17728124qz28124=, Z281345Z2Li1800z290127z29060922Y0500Z29 J409z291500Z29i742z3OOI1OZ300326Z300626Z3013522301415Z3U1724Z301’+06Z31 U053Z3102+2Z3106o6z3113352030)+32030655Z0314252o+030az0+06372

FIX P0s1110N5 FOR !R(,?Oouz 29 Ocr

MAX OtFIX ACCRV

)PICFIL Ct’CLONE NO. 19-77

TU 20(, ”2 i! uCIIS MAI 0SS Uu s 141w FLr

FIAPubi r

F$T LVL wINO SF! #IrAn MIN 7#LW:tt LVLPosh

EYt. 13HlEN- trcCAT NAV-HE7 LVL ulH VEL LW6 l?Nb VLL BRG RNG

0$ MSNSL* - T1/TLl FOHM !AIIUN oli RAuAti NIAMM

12. orv 91. oE SAT

lZ.4fA 92.4E SAI11. +v 9z. IIi .jAr11.4N 92.3E SA r

10.8N 9uz4E SA111.8N 92.6E SAr11.5N 13H.2E S8 r11. ON 9u. oE 5Ar

13. ON s9. IE 5Ar12. IN E9. zE S4 r

lZ.2N w3. IE SAr

13. OIV 89.8E SAr11.34 B15. oE SAr11.3N tTM.l E S?+r11.8N 87.8E SAr13.5tv 87.9E SAT12.1 N 85.9E SAI12.2N 85.lE SAI13.2N 8S$+E 5A i14.2N 85. oE sAr14.3N 8+.l E SA r

13.64 E606C SAT14.6N 83.2E SAt

1*. ON 83.oE s4r14.7q 8,?. +E sAr14.9N 82.2E SAr15. ON 82:IE SAI1*.5N 131:sE SAT15. ON 81J~6E sA7IS.6N 79.2E SArlb. SN 65. oE sATlb.3N 63. oE -5ArIb.6N 61.2E SAr16.7w s6.2E sAr15.7.A SM.&E SA r

{IR DArbt7z.13/2. ”

tr2. o/z. uIIR OATA(IR l)&Tb(IR OArfi(IR 0414tT2. o/2. olT2. o/2. o(IR OATAIIR OATA(IR uATb(IR OAIA[IQ OATA(12.0/2.0(12.0/2.0(IR OArA(IR DATA(1H DArA(IR DArA(12.0/2.0(IR UA14IIR OArA(IR OATA(IR OATA(IR OATA(IR l)Arb

//

f/s

/s/s

/s

lT3. o/3. u-/D1

lT3. O/3. O ./tIR OATA(IR OATAlT1.5/l.5 /(1R l) Al&IIR DAIA(1R OATA

}/ HHS)/ HliS)

)))1

/ HRS)/2+toAs)

)I)1

/25 HlSSi/24HNs)

)1)

/23HRSj))))))

.O/23HlAS)/ HRSI

))

/ MIAS)1))

PCN 6 UMSPPC)4 5 LN4SPPC!w 6 UMSPPC* b U*SP

NOAA-5PCF. 6 UMSIJPCN 6 Nou;:g

Pcl” 5 LIMSPPC* 5 W4SPPch s LN4SP

NOAA-5Pch 5 WASPPC& 6 UMSP

NOAA-5Per. 4 UMSPPCrn 6 UMSP

NOAA-5PC(+ 3 LNISPiJCN 3 UMSP

NO~-5PCN 5 UMSPPCN 4 U14SP

NOAA-5PCN 6 tiMSPPCN 6 lZMSP

Per. s UMSPPCN 6 UMSPPCN 6 UMSPPCN 6 UMSPPCk b UMSPPCN 6 LN6SPPCN 6 UMSP

(cONF OZ)

(CONF 02)

(CONF 02)

(CONF 01)

(cONF 01)

116

Ftx Pd51 II13NS FOH IRoPicAL LyLLONf NO. 21-772QOUL 10 NW 10 200!)2 21 r40v

MAX 08S WAX LNss Otis MIN FL IFIX ACCW

POSITFIX FLT LUL nlNIz S>L MINO FIIN 7Elo9kJ LVL EYE 13u1Eh- EYt

CA[ FAAV-MLT LVL 01~ vtL UH* RNG ~t-i-oftli HNG **OF

UG! 11/10 Fo1474 iallUN 01. HALIAH

F1& 14SNNMdQNW. I]ML

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1*0704Z1+16412

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150141Z150320/lbU64fIZ

1514237lS16q7Z151921171603051100633Z

lbb629Zlb1521Zlb1911Z17024821703492170611217143?71715302171 M537180,? 3171130502ZIU0735Z1815142

la15*’7z181B36Z19021421904113719071721916562

19181s2200157220033s22007002t?o1439z201600221 OI4OZ2106*?Z21142222115542211924Z220123z220+0122206262

Pf351 1

1.5N 9u. oE

1.3N 8M.3E0.8q sb.3E1.64 B4. sE1.5N 135$zE1.7N 84.7Ei.+N 82:7Eo.5tA IW.5L

0.W4 EU.3E1.ON 81.1 E1.ON 130. oE1.2N 81J.7E1.ON 79.5E

Sk rSk I5A rSA rSA r5A rSATSATSA r5A r$ArSA rSA rSA r

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( C5NF 01)

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(CTNiF 01)

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LATE FIXES-LISTED AS [ ] 1S TABLE 6-1.

TYPHOON BABE - OOOOZ 02 SEP TO 1800z 10 SEP

01 0600202 13. ON 130. OE SAT (T4. O/4. O IS /24HRS )02 O611O9Z 14. ON 129.2E sAT ( IR OATA )03 081141Z 22,0N 127,0E SAT ( lR OATA )

TROPICAL STORM CARLA - OOOOZ 03 SEP TO 0000Z 05 SEP

01 020118Z 18.3N 118. OE SAT (T1.5/l.5 /01. O/24HRS)

TYPHOON OINAH - 1200Z 14 SFP TO 1800Z 23 SEP

NOAA-5 (CONF 02)

01 122303z (SEE cOMMENT) SAT (T2. O/2. O /S /24HRS)02 131157Z 22.7N 134.3E SAT (IR OATA03 140015Z 22. ON 131.5E SAT04 I41I1OZ 21.6N 128. OE SAT

[~:.;jwio ,01.0,25HF+

NOAA-5 (CONF 01) - 02 DEG EITHER SLOE OF A LINE FM 22ti-135ENOAA-5 (CONF 01) TO 22 N-142E

[:;1:; [;:1; :;]

TROPICAL STORM EMMA - 0600Z 15 SEP TO 0600Z 20 SEP

01 I41108Z 19. ON 144.5E SAT (1R OPTA )

TROPICAL STORM FREOA - OOOOZ 23 SEP TO 0000Z 25 SEP

01 2413302 20.4N 111. OE SAT [ lR OATA )

NOAA-5 (CONF 02)

NOAA-5 (CONF 02)

TYPHOON GILOA - 0000Z 03 OCT TO 0600Z 10 OCT

NOAA- 5 (CONF 02)NOAA-5 (CONF 01)NOAA-5 (CONF 01)

1:;;:: [::!; :1]

01 042227Z 19.2N 152.7E SAT (T3.5/3.5 /01. O/23HRS)02 052315Z 23.5N 150. OE SAT (T4.014. O /00.5 /25HRS)03 070027Z 26.5N 147.8E SAT (T4.5/4.5 /00.5 /24HRS)04 080004Z 30. ON 147.7E SAT05 O91O24Z 41.2N 165.4E SAT

[T5. O/5. O /00.5 /24HRS)([R OATA )

TROPICAL STORM HARRIET - 0600Z 16 OCT TO 1800Z 20 OCT

01 160006Z 15.1 N 136. IE SAT (T2. O/2. O /02. O/24HRS)02 170117Z 17.1 N 131.9E SAT (T3. O/3. O /01. O/25HRS)03 180034Z 18.9N 132.5E SAT (T3.5/3.5 /00.5 /23HRS)04 181126Z 19.5N 133.3E SAT ( IR OATA )

NOAA-5 (CONF 01NOAA-5 (CONF 01 1NOAA-5 (CONF 02)NOAA-5 (CONF 02)

TYPHOON IVY - 0600Z 21 OCT TO 0000Z 27 OCT

01 240000Z 21.2N 151.3E SAT (T4.5/4.5 /00.5 /25HRS)

TYPHOON JEAN - 1200Z 28 OCT TO 1200Z 03 NOV

01 O12313Z 26.7N 146.1 E SAT (T3. O/3. O /01. O/23HRS)

TYPHOON KIM - 0600Z 06 NOV TO 0000Z 17 NOV

NOAA-5 (CONF 01)

NOAA-5 (cONF 01)

NOAA-5 [CONF 01)NOAA-5 (cONF 01)NOAA-5 (cONF 01)

01 O71O18Z 12.3N 149. OE SAT ([R OATA )02 131145Z 14.3N 123.2E SAT ( lR OATA03 150122Z 16.9N 118.8E SAT (T3.5/3.5 /h’l.5/25HRS~

TYPHOON LUCY

01 281025Z

TYPHOON MARY

- 0600Z 28 NOV TO 1800Z 07 OEC

([R OATA ) NOAA- 5 (cONF 02)06.9N 157. OE SAT

- 0600Z 20 OEC TO 1800Z 03 JAN

01 232159Z02 260918Z03 290011Z04 291059Z05 292328Z06 311127207 030025Z

12.6N 170.5E SAT09.5N 165. OE SAT11.4N 149.5E SATll.lN 145.5E SATll.lN 143.OE SAT09.4N 134.6E SAT09.9N 122.3E SAT

(T3.5/4.5 /U1. O/25HRS)( I R OATA(T3.5/3.5 /S /25HRS]( I R OATA )[y:soj~~A )

(T1.5/l.5 /ul. O/24HRS]

119

Lfi.TE FIXES LISTED AS [ 1 IN TABLE 6-1.

TROPICAL CYCLONE NO. 21-77 - 2000Z 10 NOV TO 2000Z 21 NOV

01 191505Z 09.4N 070. OE SAT ( 1R OATA ) NOAA-5 (CONF 01)02 2016182 10. OW 072.9E SAT ( lR OATA NOAA- 503 210445Z 11.2N 074.8E SAT (T2.5/3. o /wl. O/25HRS]

(cONF 02)NOAA- 5 (CONF 02)

TROPICAL CYCLONE NO. 22-77 - 0800Z 15 NOV TO 2000Z 19 NOV

01 191507Z 15.9N 080.9E SAT ( IR DATA ) NOAA- 5 (CONF 01)02 200331Z 19.6N 082.2E SAT (VIS DATA ) NOAA- 5 (CONF 02)

120

1. CONTRACTIONS

ACG?4

ACCRY

ACFT

ACR

AIREP

ANT

ARWO

ATT

AVG

AWN

BRG

CAT

CIRC

CLD

CLSD

CNTR

CONC

CONF

DEG

D/DIA

DIR

rmP

ELEV

ELIP

FLT

GOES

HATRACK

HGT

HPAC

HUR

HR(S)

HVY

IR

Aircraft Control and Warn-ing System

Accuracy

Aircraft

Aircraft Radar

Aircraft Weather Report(s)(Commercial and Military)

Antenna

Airborne Weather Reconnais-sance Officer

Attenuation

Average

Automated Weather Network

Bearing

Category

Circular

Cloud

Closed

Center

Concentric

Confidence (number)

Degree(s)

Diameter

Direction

Defense MeteorologicalSatellite Program

Elevation

Elliptical

Flight

Goestationary OperationalEnvironmental Satellite

Hurricane and Typhoon Track-ing (numerical forecast)

Height

Mean of XTRP and Climatology

Hurricane

Hour (s)

Heavy

Infrared

KM

KT

LRDR

LVL

M/SEC

MAX

MB

MET

MHSO

MH70

MIN

MOHATT

MSN

NAV

NEDN

NEDS

NET

NM

OBS

P

Pc

PCN

PSBL

PTLY

QUAD

RECON

RNG

RPD

SAT

SFC

SLP (MSLP)

SMS

SPOL

SRDR

Kilometer(s)

Knot(s)

Land Radar

Level

Meters per Second

Maximum

Millibar(s)

Meteorological

MOHATT 500 mb Prog

MOHATT 700 mb Prog

Minimum

Modified Hatrack

Mission

Navigational

Naval Environmental Data Network

Naval Environmental DisplayStation

Near Equatorial Trough

Nautical Mile(s)

Observation

Penetration (by aircraft)

Percent (%)

Position Code Number

Possible

Partly

Quadrant

Reconnaissance

Range

Rapid

Satellite

Surface

Sea Level Pressure (MinimumSea Level Pressure)

Synchronous MeteorologicalSatellite

Spiral Overlay

Ship Radar

.

121

.SRP

STNRY

STY

TC

TCARC

TChi

TD

TI

TO

TS

TY

TUTT

VEL

VIS

VSBL

WESTPAC

WMo

WRS

XTRP

z

Selective Reconnaissance Program

Stationary

Super Typhoon

Tropical Cyclone

Tropical Cyclone AircraftReconnaissance Coordinator

Tropical Cyclone Niodel

Tropical Depression

Temperature Inside Eye

Temperature Outside Eye

Tropical Storm

Typhoon

Tropical Upper TroposphericTrough

Velocity

Visual

Visible

Western Pacific

World Meteorological Organi-zation

Weather ReconnaissanceSquadron

Extrapolation

Zulu Time (Greenwich meantime) ‘

2. DEFINITIONS

BEST TRACK-A subjectively smoothed path,versus a prec~se and very erratic fix-to-fixpath, used to represent tropical cyclonemovement.

CYCLONE-A closed atmospheric circulationrotating about an area of low pressure(counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere).

EPHEMERIS-Position of a body (satellite)in space as a function of time. When nogeographical reference is available for grid-Ging satellite imagery, then only ephemerisgridding is possible which is solely based onthe theoretical satellite position and issusceptible to errors from satellite pitch,orbit eccentricity and the non-sphericalearth.

EXTRATROPICAL-A term used in warnings andtropical summaries to indicate that a cyclonehas lost its “tropical characteristics”. Theterm implies both poleward displacement fromthe tropics and the conversion of the cy-clone’s primary energy sources from releaseof latent heat of condensation to baroclinicprocesses. The term carries nc implicationsas to strength or size.

EYE/CENTER-Refers to the roughly circularcentTal area of a well developed tropical

cyclone usually characterized by comparativelylight winds and fair weather. If more thanhalf surrounded by wall cloud, the word “eye”is used, otherwise the area is referred to asa center.

MAXIMUhiSUSTAINED WIND-Maximum surfacewind speed averaged over a l-minute periodof time. Peak gfistsover water average 20to 25 percent higher than sustained wind.

RECURVATURE-The turning of a tropicalstorm from an Initial path toward the west ornorthwest to the north or northeast.

SIGNIFICANT TROPICAL CYCLONE-A tropicalcvclone becomes “slmlflcant” with the issu-ance of the first n;mbered warning by theresponsible warning agency.

SUPER TYPHOON/HURRICANE-A typhoon/hurri-cane In which the max~mum sustained surfacewind (l-minute mean) is 130 kt or greater.

TROPICAL CYCLONE-A nonfrontal low pres-sure system of svnoptic scale develoDinP overtropical or subtropical waters and h>vi;g adefinite organized circulation.

TROPICAL CYCLONE AIRCRAFT RECONNAISSANCECOOR~OR-A ~entatlve deslg-~ evy tropical cyclone aircraftweather reconnaissance requirements on recon-naissance units within a designated area ofthe PACOM and to function as coordinatorbetween CINCPACAF, aircraft weather recon-naissance units, and the appropriate typhoon/hurricane warning center.

TROPICAL DEPRESSION-A tropical cyclone inwhich the maximum sustained surface wind(l-minute mean) is 33 kt or less.

TROPICAL DISTURBANCE-A discrete systemof apparently organized convection--generally100 to 300 miles in diameter--originating inthe tropics or subtropics, having a non-frontal migratory character, and having main-tained its identity for 24 hours or more. Itmay or may not be associated with a detect-able perturbation of the wind field. Assuch, it is the basic generic designationwhich, in successive stages of intensifi-cation, may be classified as a tropicaldepression, tropical storm or typhoon.

TROPICAL STORM-A tropical cyclone withmaximum sustained surface winds (l-minutemean) in the range of 34 to 63 kt, inclusive.

TROPICAL UPPER TROPOSPHERIC TROUGH (TUTT)-“A dominant climatological system, and adaily synoptic feature, of the summer seasonover the tropical North Atlantic, NorthPacific and South Pacific Oceans,” fromSadler, James C., Feb. 1976: Tropical CycloneInitiation by the Tropical Upper TroposphericTrough. (NAVENVPREDRSCHFAC Technical PaperNo. 2-76)

TYPHOON/HURRICANE-A tropical cyclone inwhich the maximum sustained surface wind(l-minute mean) is 64 kt or greater.

WALL CLOUD-An organized band of cumuli-form clouds immediately surrounding thecentral area of tropical cyclone. Wallclouds may entirely enclose the eye or onlypartially surround the center.

122

AFGWC (2)AFGL/LYU (2)AMER EMBASSY. BANGKOK (7)ANDREWS UNIV” (l) ‘ ‘ARIZONA STATE UNIV (1)./ARRS/CC (4)AWS/DNT/DOR (5)BUR OF MET, BRISB}\NE (2)BUR OF NET. MELBOURNE (1)BUR OF MET; PERTH (1) ‘CATH UNIL’OF AMER (2)CENWEABUR TAIWAN (3)CHIEF, MAAG TAIWAN (1)CHINESE AF WEACEN TAIiVAN [3)CINCPAC f21CINCPACAi/DOW (1)CINCPACFLT (5)CIVIL DEFENSE (GUAM) (4)CNO (2)COLORADO STATE UNIV (2)coLoRADo STATE UNIV [LiBR) (1)COMATKCARSTKFORSEVENTHFLT (2)COMFAIRECONRON ONE (VQ-1) (3)COMLOGSUPFORSEVENTHFLT (1)COMNAVAIRSYSCOM (2)COMNAVFACENGCOMPACDIV (1)COMNAVFORJAPAN (11. . .COMNAVMARIANAS (1]COMNAVSURFPAC (2)COMPATRECONFORSEVENTHFLT (1)COMPATWING (1)COMPHIBGRU (ljCOMSC (1)COMSEVENTHFLT (2)COMSUBGRU SEVEN (2)COMSUBPAC (1)COMTHIRDFLT (1)COMUSNAVPIL (3)COMUSTDC (l)’ -DDC (12)DEPT AIR FORCE (1)DET 2, lWW (2)DET 4, HQ AWS (MAC) (5)DET 5. lWW f31DET 8; 30WS’(i)DET 10, 30WS (1)DET 15, 30WS (1)DET 17, 30WS (1)DET 18, 30WS (1)DIRNAVOCEANMET (10)DISTAD MARSHALL: (:)DMA (1)ENVSCISUPGRU (5)ESCAP (2)FAA (GUAM) (5)FLENUMWEACEN (2)FLEWEACEN NORFOLK (1)FLEWEACEN PEARL HARBOR (2)FLEWEACEN ROTA (1) ‘FLEWEAFAC SUITLAND (2)FLORIDA STATE UNIV (2)GEN MET DEPT ‘THAILAND (2)GOVERNOR OF GUAM (2)GUAM PUBLIC LIBRARY (1)HEDSUPPACT (2)ICY AWS/DOR (5)INDIA MET DEPT (2)JAPAN MET AGENCY (3)LIBR OF CONGRESS (1)LIBR OF CONGRESS (EXCHANGE & GIFT DIV) (4)LOS ANGELES PUBLIC LIBR (1)MAC/HO (2)MCAS FUTEMA [1)

MET RESEARCH INSTITUTE LIBR (3)NASA GREENBELT (3)NASA WALLOPS ISLAND (1)NAT CLIM CNTR (1).—,NATWEASERV FOROFF HONOLULU (1)NATWEASERV PACREG (2)NAVAL ACADEMY [1)NAVWEASERVFAC AL~lMEDA (1)NAVWEASERFAC JACKSONVILLE (1)NAVWEASERVFAC YOKOSUKA (1)NAVENVPREDRESFAC (5)NESS/SFSS (2)NHC, NOAA (1)NOAA/EDS CORAL GABLES (41NOAA;EDS WASHINGTON, Di ~2)NOAA/ERL BOULDER (2)NOAA/ERL MIAMI (1)NOAA/HYDROLOGY BR (1)NOAA/LIBRARY {1)NOAA/NESS (2)’ ‘NOAA/PMEL (1>NPGS’DEPT OF’MET (3)NPGS LIBR (1)NWESA (1)NWSD ASHEVILLE [2)NWSED AGANA (2)’ “NWSED ATSUGI (1)NWSED BARBERS’POINT (1)NWSED CUBI POINT (1)NWSED KADENA (4)NWSED MISAWA (1)OCEANOGRAPHER-OF THE NAVY (3)ODDR G E (2)OKINAWA MET’OBS (1)OLG/HQ AWS (1)PAGASA (6)ROYAL OBSERVATORY HONG KONG (3)TAIWAN UNIV (3).–.TEXAS A&M UNIV (1)TTPI (8)TYPHOON COMM SECR (1)uNIv oF CHICAGO (lj -UNIV OF GUAM [2>UNIV OF HAWAIi DEPT OF MET (3)UNIV OF HAWAII LIBR (1)UNIV OF MEXICO (1)UNIV OF RP [2)UNIV OF WASHINGTON (1)USAFSAAS/TMWF (2)USDOC/NOAA (1)USS BLUE RIDGE (LCC 19) (1)USS CONSTELLATION (CV 64) (2)USS CORAL SEA (CV 43) (1)USS ENTERPRISE (CVN 6S) (1)USS KITTY HAWK (CV 63) [1)uss LoNG BEACH iCGN 91 ~2jUSS MIDWAY (CV 41) (2j ‘ ‘USS NEW ORLEANS (LPH 11) (2)USS OKINAWA (LPH 3) (1)USS OKLAHOMA CITY (CG 5) (1)USS RANGER (CV 61) (2)uss TARAwA {LHA lj (ljUSS TRIPOLI (LPH 10) (1)WEA SERV MET OBS (2)lWW/DON (6)3AD/DOX (lj3ww/DNc (1)5wwjDNc tlj30WSQ (6)41RWRW (2)43SW/01 (2)53WRS [1)54WRS (sj3350TTW (1)3360TCHTG (1)

MCAS IWAKUNI -(i)MCAS KANEOHE BAY (1)MET DEPT BANGKOK (2)

123

Uncla5 sifiedSECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE {When ZJata Entered)

,

REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE READ INSTRUCTIONSBEFORE COhlPLETING FOIW

1. REPORT NUMBER 2. GOVT ACCESSION NO. 3. RECIPIENT’S CATALOG NUMBER

Annual Tyrshoon Re~ort 1977

4. TITLE (.%md Subti Ne) I ~. TYPE OF REPORT& PEl?lOIJ COVERED

ANNUAL TYPHOON REPORT 1977

w

6. PER FORMING C)RG. REPORT NuMSER

7. AuTHOR(S) 8. CONTRACTOR GRANT NUMBER(.S)

1

9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT,PROJECT, TASK

FLEET WEATHER CENTRAL/JOINT TYPHOONAREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS

WARNING CENTER [FLEWEACEN/JTWC), GUAM IFPO SAN FRANCISCO 96630

11. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME ANOAODRESS 12. REPoRT OATE

FLEET WEATHER CENTRAL/JOINT TYPHOON 1977WARNING CENTER [FLEWEACEN/JTWC), GUAM 13. Nut,lBEROF PAGES

FPO SAN FRANCISCO 96630 12314. MONITORING AGENCY NAME & ADD RESS(if dfffemnf from Controlling office) 1S. SECURITY CLASS. (ofthisrepxt)

UNCLASSIFIEDlSa, DECLASSIFICATION/DOWNGRADING

SCHEDULE

I16. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (offhfs Report)

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

!7. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of the abstract entered in Block 20, if dtfferent from Report)

18. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

9. KEY WOROS(Continueo” reverse side ifnece.ssary and identify by block number]

Tropical cyclones Tropical storms

Tropical cyclone forecasting Tropical depressions

Tropical cyclone research Typhoons

Tropical cyclone steering model Meteorological satellite

Tropical cyclone fix data Aircraft reconnaissance

!0. ABSTRACT (Con flnue orI reverse side ffneceeaary and fdentffyby block number)

Annual publication summarizing the tropical cyclone seasonin the western North Pacific, Bay of Bengal, and the centralNorth Pacific. A brief narrative is given on each typhoon in thewestern North Pacific including the best track. Pertinent recon-naissance data used to construct the best tracks are provided.Forecast verification data and statistics for the JTWC are summa-rized. Research efforts at the JTWC is discussed briefly.

DD ,T:fi:s lfln EOITION OF 1NOV6S ISOBSOLETEUnclassified

SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THlSPAGE(~enDaf8Enfefed)

124

Unclassified;CURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE(W’hem Deta Enteredj

19. Naval environmental display station

UnclassifiedSECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE@henlJata .%tered)

.

125

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Documents

· ern North Pacific, central North Pacific and North Indian Oceans. The Annual Typhoon Report is prepared by the staff of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC). JTWC is a combined