Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

ESONET (European Sea-Floor Observatories Network)

5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

LIDO will operate a first nucleus of seafloor observatory network at Mediterranean scale in two ESONET sites by aligning to the same performances SN1 cabled observatory (Eastern Sicily) and GEOSTAR observatory (Iberian Margin).

The network performs activities on

• tsunami signal detection (early warning system prototype)

• marine mammals detection, classification and tracking.

• noise pollution

LIDO Objectives: LIDO Objectives: geohazard and bio-geohazard and bio-

acousticsacoustics

5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories

Marine Operations and Ship Movements

Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors

RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management

Public outreach

WP1

WP2

WP4

WP3

INGV, INFN, TEC, ISMAR, CSIC, TFH, UPC

UB, dBSCALE, UPC

UPC, CIBRA

FFCUL, UPC

Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis

Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and

anthropogenic noiseGEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS

WP5

Technical Assessment INFN, UPC

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories

Marine Operations and Ship Movements

WP1

WP2

WP4

WP3

INGV, INFN, TEC, ISMAR, CSIC, TFH, UPC

Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis

Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and

anthropogenic noiseGEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS

WP5

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories

Marine Operations and Ship Movements

WP1

INGV, INFN, TEC, ISMAR, CSIC, TFH, UPC

TASKS/ACTIVITIES:Developments and enhancements of NEMO-SN1 and GEOSTAR observatories and infrastructures to open the nodes of a first nucleus of regional network to other disciplines (bioacoustics) and homogenization of geophysical equipments by integration of additional sensor, devices, and software.

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

SN1 (Eastern ) is cabled: all data available in real time at the shore station.

GEOSTAR (Iberian Margin) is acoustically and satellite linked to shore: only relevant data and event notification available in almost real time, all data at the recovery of the station.

GEOSTAR (acoustic + satellite link) and

SN-1 (cabled): main features/functions

Technical aspects

Both observatory will perform real time analysis at seafloor of water pressure and seismic data with a tsunami early warning system prototype (already tested during NEAREST EC project 2007/2008 mission) as well as bioacoustics analysis (marine mammals and noise pollution).

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

LIDO East-Sicily infrastructure

LNS Test Site Laboratoryat the port of Catania:shore data acquisition system; local storage unit

LNS-INFN Catania

Radio Link (30 Mbps)

NEMO JBTest Site South

Test Site North

5 km

5 km

Installation at 2000 m depth

20 km

TS NorthLIDO onSN1

New ! CREEPof UCL

TS SouthLIDO (GPS)

Technical aspects

5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

GEOSTAR – Cadiz set up

Acoustictransmission

Satellite Link

GEOSTAR

MODUS

Buoy

Technical aspects

LIDO Iberian Margin: GEOSTAR setup

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Status of the LIDO Status of the LIDO ObservatoriesObservatories

LIDO East Sicily - TS North onboard SN1LIDO East Sicily - TS North onboard SN1Integration of new sensors (including tsunameter and Integration of new sensors (including tsunameter and hydrophones) under completionhydrophones) under completion

LIDO East Sicily – TS SouthLIDO East Sicily – TS SouthHydrophones, front-end and data transmission electronics Hydrophones, front-end and data transmission electronics under test. Mechanics under completionunder test. Mechanics under completion

Data management system under tests, Data management system under tests, Overall test phase starting.Overall test phase starting.Deployment operations in early 2010.Deployment operations in early 2010.

LIDO Iberian Margin onboard GEOSTARLIDO Iberian Margin onboard GEOSTARReady for deploymentReady for deployment

New deployment of the whole system (GEOSTAR and the buoy) New deployment of the whole system (GEOSTAR and the buoy) scheduled for the end of October 2009, in the Gulf of Cadiz scheduled for the end of October 2009, in the Gulf of Cadiz where the NEAREST experiment was conducted (2007-2008); where the NEAREST experiment was conducted (2007-2008); support of the Spanish vessel “Sarmiento de Gamboa” (CSIC)support of the Spanish vessel “Sarmiento de Gamboa” (CSIC)

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories

Marine Operations and Ship Movements

Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors

RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management

Public outreach

WP1

WP2

WP4

WP3

INGV, INFN, TEC, CSIC, TFH, UPC

UB, dBSCALE, UPC

UPC, CIBRA

FFCUL, UPC

Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis

Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and

anthropogenic noiseGEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS

WP5

Technical Assessment INFN, UPC

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors UB, dBSCALE, UPC

WP2

TASKS/ACTIVITIES:Standardisation of ocean observatory measurements by implementing international accepted standard methods in data acquisition and management; Establishment of a sensor inventory; Long- term seismometric measurements and analysis.

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

• At ESONET level and more– SDI compliance with the GEOSS guidelines

for interoperability– Standard sensor registration and

discoverability of acoustic sensors

– Real-Time Acoustic Data Management

5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Objectives and framework

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

• Sensors and standardization– Activity 2.4

Implementation of a data collection and dissemination service based on the Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) and Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) concepts and compliant to the GEOSS guidelines allowing interoperability (DOI: 10.1109/PASSIVE.2008.4786995) based on OGC SWE and IEEE 1451 smart sensors

– Activity 2.5:Currently updating ESONET sensor registration interface in

agreement with OSIRIS SML discovery profile for hydrophone instances

Technical aspects

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

First results

• Eventually– Science– Technical aspects

• Agreement on a progressive implementation of Sensor Web Enablement, starting with sensor metadata encodings in SML

– Etc…

Technical aspects

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories

Marine Operations and Ship Movements

Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors

Public outreach

WP1

WP2

WP4

WP3

INGV, INFN, TEC, ISMAR, CSIC, TFH, UPC

UB, dBSCALE, UPC

UPC, CIBRA

FFCUL, UPC

Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis

Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and

anthropogenic noiseGEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS

WP5

INFN, UPCTechnical Assessment

RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

WP5

INFN, UPCTechnical Assessment

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

TASKS/ACTIVITIES:Test and validation of low cost acoustic arrays and recording systems to be implemented in additional locations to extend the monitoring network and possibly evaluate new European sites for long term monitoring.

5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Selected hydrophone (SMID):

3500 m operational depth

Tested and pressure calibrated at NATO-URC:

no change of sensitivity vs. P requested

Moulded and cabled by Seacon

Relative Hydrophone sensitivity variation with hydrostatic pressure at 20 kHz

Measured variations ≤ ±1 dB

300 Bar 400 Bar

Hydrophone sensitivity calibrated at NURC (40 hydrophones)

Measured differences ≤ ±2 dB

Technical aspects

LIDO East-Sicily hydrophones

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Power supply, Data acquisition and transmission system realised.

All mechanichal parts available.

Now under test . Final integration: October 20094 channel ADC96 kHz – 24 bits

13’’ Glass Housingfor DAQ and DAT

PS

D d

BV

rms

Frequency kHz

Equivalent noise :Total Power -90 dB VRMS

Plateau: -135 dB VRMS /sqrt(Hz)

Test and calibration.Measured:Equivalent noise of the whole systemFront-end electronics calibration

4 hydrophones+preamps

Technical aspects

LIDO East-Sicily: Acoustics at TSN

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Power supply, Data acquisition and transmission system realised and tested.

Mechanichal parts acquired. Final integration December 2009

2x2 channel custom ADC board192 kHz – 24 bits

Custom data transmission board (embeds GPS time in the data flow)

Test and calibration.Measured:Equivalent noise of the whole systemFront-end electronics calibrationTime resolution: <1 µs wrt GPS time

4 hydrophones+preamps

Technical aspects

LIDO East-Sicily: Acoustics at TSS

PS

D d

BV

rms

Frequency kHz

Plateau: -140 dB VRMS /sqrt(Hz)

Equivalent noise :Total Power -90 dB VRMS

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

SensorSensor raterate ModelModel

3-C broad-band seismometer * 100 Hz Guralp CMG-1T (0.0027-50 Hz)

Differential Pressure Gauge (DPG) 10 Hz Prototype Univ. of California-St. Diego

Hydrophone (Geophysics) 200 Hz OAS E-2PD

Hydrophone (Geophysics) 2000 Hz SMID (0.05-1000 Hz)

Hydrophone (Bio-acoustics) 96 kHz SMID (100-70000 Hz)

Absolute Pressure Gauge * 15 s Paroscientific 8CB4000-I

3-C Accelerometer + 3-C Gyro (IMU) 100 Hz Gladiator Technologies Landmark 10

Gravity meter 1 Hz Prototype IFSI-INAF

CTD + Turbidity meter 1 s/h SeaBird SBE-37SM-24835 + Wet Lab

ADCP 1 profile/h RDI Workhorse Monitor (600 kHz)

Vectorial magnetometer 1 Hz Prototype INGV

Scalar magnetometer 1 Hz Marine Magnetics Sentinel (3000 m)

3-C single point currentmeter 2 Hz Nobska MAVS-3

(*) tsunami early warning system

LIDO East-Sicily: SN1 payloadTechnical aspects

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

LIDO East-SicilyTechnical aspects

5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

SETUP

Pre-Processing Server•Segments & tags data•Encodes 1 channel into mp3•No data storage – we rely on the MADS

Analysis Server•Source identification•Localisation and tracking of sources

Transmission analysis results and mp3 channel

4-channel multi-cast data stream

Transmission of analysis results and mp3 data to Web ServerADS

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

LIDO East-SicilyTechnical aspects

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

sensor sampl. rate model

Triaxial broad band seismometer *

100Hz Guralp CMG-40

Triaxial accelerometer 100Hz Guralp CMG5-T

Hydrophone 100Hz OAS E-2PD

Absolute Pressure Gauge * 15sec Paroscientific 8CB4000-1

Accelerometer+Gyros (IMU) 100Hz Gladiator Technologies Landmark 10

Gravity meter 1Hz IFSI (INAF) Prototype #2

CTD + Transmissometer 1smp/hour SeaBird SBE 16 plus Wet Labs ECO-BBRTD 6000m

ADCP 1profile/hour RDI Workhorse 300 Khz

Currentmeter 5Hz Nobska MAVS-3

(*) tsunami early warning system

Technical aspects

LIDO Iberian Margin: GEOSTAR payload

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Technical aspects

LIDO Iberian Margin: GEOSTAR payload

BIOACOUSTIC ANTENNA

- SMID Digital Hydrophones (same characteristics as for

LIDO East-Sicily)

- Autonomous power supply

- Real-Time analysis and storage of acoustic events

- 2,5x0,30m sealed cylindrical casing

- Will be tested before December 2009 at the OBSEA

(Vilanova i la Geltrú, Barcelona) cabled site.

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Acoustic link

Main station (INGV-Roma)

Service station (backUp)Buoy

Satellite link

LAN - Internet link

data distribution (mailboxes, web server)LIDO Iberian Margin:

Communications and data distribution

Technical aspects – Data Management

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories

Marine Operations and Ship Movements

Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors

RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management

Public outreach

WP1

WP2

WP4

WP3

INGV, INFN, TEC, ISMAR, CSIC, TFH, UPC

UB, dBSCALE, UPC

UPC, CIBRA

FFCUL, UPC

Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis

Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and

anthropogenic noiseGEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS

WP5

Technical Assessment INFN, UPC

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management

WP4

UPC, CIBRA

FFCUL, UPC

TASKS/ACTIVITIES:Development of RT and automatic analysis softwares: Long-term recording and analysis of natural, artificial and biological sound sources; Identification and tracking of cetaceans; Long-term noise interactions and masking.

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

Marine soundscape

* Cetacean whistles and calls* Cetacean clicks, bursts, creaks, buzzes ...* Tonal, impulsive and broadband ship noise* Explosions* Sonar, echosounder, * Waves, rain, bubbles, etc.* Etc.

Challenging for automated classification mehtods

Diversity of acoustic events and many sources of background noise

5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

audio data stream

Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 Segment 4 Segment 6Segment 5 ......

LocalisationTracking

Classifier 1Classifier 2...

Stage 2Stage 2

Discard sea noise

Assign broad categories

Stage 1Stage 1

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

FM-tonalsImpulses (1-20 KHz)Impulses (all) ...

Sperm whalesBeaked whalesPilot whalesDolphinsShipsSonar...

Bearing, PositionTrajectory, …

Stage 3Stage 3

Real-Time Mitigation Long term assessment and Control of the effects of anthropogenic sources on marine organisms (i.e. whales) ...

Public outreachEducationEnd users

Administration

5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

Results

The system modules allow to automatically extract a subset of acoustic events only contaminated with a very small proportion of sounds from shipping.

The modules can be adapted to any frequency bands and classes of impulses, tonal sounds or other acoustic signals.

Possible applications of the system are the real time: (1) Discard of undesired data before transmission or storage; (2) Selection of a specific subset of a long recording to estimate abundance, daily or seasonal activity patterns of cetacean or shipping; (3) Mitigation of potentially harmful anthropogenic activities.

5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

Public outreach

WP1

WP2

WP4

WP3

INGV, INFN, TEC, CSIC, TFH, UPC

UB, dBSCALE

UPC, CIBRA

FFCUL, UPC

Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis

Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and

anthropogenic noiseGEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS

WP5

INFN, UPC

Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories

Marine Operations and Ship Movements

Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors

RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management

Technical Assessment

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

Public outreach

WP3

FFCUL, UPC

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

TASKS/ACTIVITIES: Real-time transmission of marine mammal acoustic signals and acoustic images from seafloor cabled observatory to public institutions (e.g., Scientific Museums, Aquaria) where the whole ESONET network will be presented together with the “sonic imagery” of the LIDO stations. 

5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment

Modeling sound source interactions from optimised data

5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean EnvironmentListening to the Deep-Ocean Environment5-7 Oct. 2009 All Regions Workshop #2

EURONEWSFUTURIS: NOISE POLLUTION IN LIDO

8mn Programme

8 Languages

134 Countries

10-17 September, 4 times/day