F ISH O I LS • EPA • D H A • G L A • FL A XSEED O I L

The Essential The Essential The Essential ChoiceChoiceChoice

E S S E N T I A L FAT T Y AC I DSE S S E N T I A L FAT T Y AC I DSE S S E N T I A L FAT T Y AC I DSE S S E N T I A L FAT T Y AC I DSE S S E N T I A L FAT T Y AC I DS

*This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Healthy Fats. Essential for Health.Exceptional Quality.In a nutshell, these are the benefits of Solgar’s extensiveselection of essential fatty acid (EFA) supplements. Withformulas tailored to everyone’s preferences, you’ll findthe right supplement to complement your eating habits,health, and lifestyle.

Who Should Consider Taking EFAs?

• Those who want to enhance the health of the heart and overallcardiovascular system*

• Those who want to naturally and positively support immune health*

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Furthermore, trans fats, found inhydrogenated oils, interfere withhow the body normally uses omega-3s and omega-6s. Formetabolic reasons, the omega-3ssuffer the most – and supplemen-tation is often justified.

You can help restore a more optimalbalance of EFAs by regularly eatingcold-water fish or taking fish oilsupplements. Indeed, the AmericanHeart Association recommends dietsrich in omega-3 PUFAs – and thatsupplementation with omega-3 fishoils can be an option for certainindividuals.2

Technically known as fatty acids, theomega-3s and omega-6s have longbeen recognized as the heart-healthypolyunsaturated fats (PUFAs).* Theyplay crucial roles in the entire cardio-vascular system, as well as inimmunity.* They are nutritionallyessential because our bodies cannotmake them and must be obtainedfrom dietary sources.

For a variety of reasons, manypeople do not obtain adequateamounts of high-quality omega-3sor omega-6s. The widespreadconsumption of processed foods –e.g., fast foods and otherconvenience foods – has upsetthe traditional dietary balance ofomega-3s and omega-6s. Someresearchers estimate that low-qualityomega-6s now dominate omega-3sby more than a 16-to-1 ratio in thecontemporary diet.1

What Are Essential Fatty Acids?

EFAs are the healthy dietary fats.

The Omega-3 Family

Scientific and medical research on omega-3s has been exhaustive,with many medical and scientific studies published on them in just the past 15 years.

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

You can think of the omega-3 familyas a series of steppingstones,withone compound serving as theprecursor for the next. The “parent”molecule, alpha-linolenic acid,functions as the fundamental sourceof much more potent omega-3s.Alpha-linolenic acid is found inflaxseed oil.

Most people do not efficientlyconvert alpha-linolenic acid to themore biologically active membersof the omega-3s, while others wanttheir omega-3s to work faster. Forthese people, fish oil supplementsmay be the ideal solution.

Fish oils contain the most biologicallyactive omega-3s, specificallyeicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) anddocosahexaenoic acid (DHA), andcertain species of algae provide arich source of vegetarian DHA.

EPA and DHA leapfrog severalmetabolic steps, so they quickly yieldhealth benefits.* EPA forms thehormone-like prostaglandin 3 seriesof compounds, which havecirculatory and other heart-healthybenefits.* Meanwhile, the bodyconverts DHA to resolvins andprotectins, which also have beneficialproperties.*3

Omega-3s and Cardiovascular HealthIn a scientific position paper, the American Heart Association highlighted severalways omega-3 fish oils may support heart health.* Through their role as precursorsto prostaglandins and thromboxanes, the omega-3s support circulation, help regulate normal heart rhythm, and help maintain triglyceride levels already withina normal range.*2,4,5

Omega-3s and ProstaglandinsEPA serves as a precursor to prostaglandin E3, a natural substance that reducesthe activity of arachidonic acid and prostaglandin E2.*6 In addition, both EPAand DHA are building blocks of protectins and resolvins, two other families of natural modulating compounds.

Omega-3s and AgingIn certain individuals, EPA and DHA may help maintain the length of telomeres, the protective tips of chromosomes.* Scientists believe thattelomere length is a marker of biological aging.7

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Omega-3 Science

With well-documented and multifaceted effects on health,the omega-3s are true nutritional multitaskers.*

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Omega-6 Science

The omega-6 fats serve as the building blocks of prostaglandins.

Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) functions as the arbiter of the omega-6prostaglandin E1. The body converts GLA to dihomogamma-linolenicacid, the key building block of prostaglandin E1.

GLAGLA and its byproducts promote healthy levels of immune factors, such asinterleukin-1 beta and some types of T cells.*8-10 As a building blockof prostaglandin E1, it may help support joints.*11-13

EFA Complementary EffectsNo nutrient functions in isolation, and EPA, DHA, and GLA havecomplementary effects. They help regulate the body’s immune systemand support the activity of prostaglandins E1 and E3.*

Everything we do – from choosing the finest natural raw materials, tostate-of-the-art manufacturing, to the premium product that appears onthe shelf – must meet our Gold Standard™ of excellence.

With Solgar’s extensive selection of EFA supplements, you’re sure to finda formula that complements your eating habits, health, and lifestyle.

This Broad Range Includes:

• Various potencies of EPA- and DHA-rich fish oils, including aneasy-to-swallow/chewable softgel

• Vegetarian DHA derived from algae

• Vegan, organic liquid flaxseed oil processed at cold temperaturesand without solvents

• GLA from evening primrose seed and b orage seed oils

• Combination formulas that supply omega-3s, omega-6s, and GLA

For more information about Solgar® EFA products, please visit www.solgar.com.

What’s So Special about Solgar® EFAs?

For more than 65 years, quality has been Solgar’sguiding principle.

*This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

R E F E R E N C E S :

1. Simopoulos AP. Exp Biol Med. 2008;233(6):674-88.

2. Kris-Etherton PM et al. Circulation. 2002;106(21):2747-57.

3. Serhan CN. Anesthesiol Clin. 2006;24(2):341-64.

4. Leaf A et al. J Membr Biol. 2005;206(2):129-39.

5. Walser B et al. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2006;97(3):347-54.

6. Barham JB et al. J Nutr. 2000;130(8):1925-31.

7. Farzaneh-Far R et al. JAMA. 2010;303(3):250-7.

8. Rossetti RG et al. J Leukoc Biol. 1997;62(4):438-43.

9. DeLuca P et al. J Investig Med. 1999;47(5):246-50.

10. Zurier RB et al. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1999;60(5-6):371-5.

11. Calder PC and RB Zurier. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2001;4(2):115-21.

12. Leventhal L J et al. Ann Intern Med. 1993;119(9):867-73.

13. Zurier RB et al. Arthritis Rheum. 1996;39(11):1808-17.

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