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ETHERNET 202: 10GBASE-T REVAMPED
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG1
Ron Cates
PLX Technology
Valerie Maguire
Siemon
June 26, 2012
TH
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Ron CatesVice President of Marketing, Networking
Valerie Maguire• Vice Chair of the TIA TR-42
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG2
Vice President of Marketing, Networking
Products, at PLX Technology.
Prior to PLX, he was Sr. Vice President
and General Manager of Wide Area
Networking Products at Mindspeed
Technologies. Mr. Cates has over 30
years of experience in the
semiconductor industry and holds BSEE
and MSEE degrees from the University of
California at Los Angeles and an MBA
from San Diego State University.
Telecommunications Cabling
Committee
• Vice Chair of the TIA TR-42.7 Copper
Cabling Subcommittee
• TIA Liaison to IEEE 802.3 Working
Group
• Treasurer of IEEE 802.3 Working Group
DIS
CLA
IME
R
The views WE ARE expressing
in this presentation are our
own personal views and should
not be considered the views or
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG3 WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG
not be considered the views or
positions of the Ethernet
Alliance®.
AG
EN
DA• Introduction to Ethernet Alliance
• An introduction to 10GBASE-T technology
• Appropriate Cabling for 10GBASE-T
• EMI Mitigation and Power Saving Techniques for 10GBASE-T
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG4
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• To promote industry awareness, acceptance and
advancement of technology and products based on, or
dependent upon, both existing and emerging IEEE 802
Ethernet standards and their management.
• To accelerate industry adoption and remove barriers to
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG5
MIS
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• To accelerate industry adoption and remove barriers to
market entry by providing a cohesive, market
responsive, industry voice.
• Provide resources to establish and demonstrate multi-
vendor interoperability.
5WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG © 2012 Ethernet Alliance
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Expand Ethernet
Ecosystem
• Support consensus building
• Host Technology Exploration
Forums (TEFs)
Support Ethernet
Development
• Facilitate interop testing
• Expand the market
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG6 WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG
ST
RA
TE
GIC
VIS
ION
Promote Ethernet
Forums (TEFs)
• Team with other orgs
Marketing Education
• Go global
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
OF
ET
HE
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ET
Productsx30 Series
Applicationsx20 Series
Protocolsx10 Series
Physical Layerx00 Series
Ethernet 101:Introduction to
Ethernet
Ethernet 102:The Physical
Layer Of Ethernet
Ethernet 111:802.1:Protocols
Of Ethernet
Ethernet 121:The Applications
Of Ethernet
Ethernet 131:Ethernet
Products
Completed and available online
Planned
Concept
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG7 WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG
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ULU
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Ethernet 211:Data Center
Convergence
Ethernet 301:40/100GbE Fiber
Cabling and
Migration Practices
Ethernet 202:10GBASE-T
Revamped
Ethernet 311:Congestion
Notification
Ethernet 321:Industrial
Applications
Ethernet 231:Ethernet
Switches
Ethernet 221:Data Center
Applications
Ethernet 331:Ethernet Server
Adapters
Cloud computing
Unified data/storage connectivity
Server virtualization
DR
IVE
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FO
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IEEE Standard Based:
10GBASE-SR optical; 850 nm lasers; multi-mode fiber; up to 300m.
10GBASE-LR optical; 1310 nm lasers; single-mode fiber; up to 10Km.
10GBASE-LRM optical; 1310 nm lasers; multi-mode fiber; up to 260m.
10GBASE-ER optical; 1550 nm lasers; single mode fiber; up to 40Km.
10GBASE-KX4 four copper backplane lanes with distance up to 1 meter.
10GBASE-KR single backplane lane with distance up to 1 meter.
10
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10GBASE-T twisted pair copper cabling with distance up to 100 meters.
SFF Committee Based:
SFP+ Direct Attach
Connectorized twin-ax cable assembly which connects directly into a SFP+
module housing; up to 7m.
SFF is the Small Form Factor committee, an electronics industry group formed
to develop specifications
OP
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• Ratified in June 2006 as IEEE 802.3an
• Hallmarks:
• Uses twisted-pair cable (4-pairs)
• Categories 6 up to 55m; 6A, 7, and 7A up to 100m
• RJ-45 connectors
• Backwards compatible with prior BASE-T generations
10
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AS
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BA
SIC
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• Full duplex transmission (2.5Gbps per twisted-pair)
• 128 DSQ line code limits bandwidth to 400MHz
• DSP based line equalization, cross-talk and echo cancellation
• LDPC FEC (Low-density parity-check forward error correction)
10
Distance Cabling References
Category 6 55m – 100m1 ISO/IEC TR 24750 /
TIA TSB-155
Category 6: unscreened 55mISO/IEC TR 24750 /
TIA TSB-155
Category 6: screened2 100mISO/IEC TR 24750 /
TIA TSB-155
SU
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0G
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Category 6A 100m
Amendment 1 to
ISO/IEC 11801:2002 /
ANSI/TIA-568-B.2-10
Category 7 100m ISO/IEC TR 24750
1 Link segments must meet specified alien crosstalk to insertion loss requirements2 “screened” and “shielded” are terms that are used interchangeably in some geographies
Note: TIA recommends category 6A for greenfield installations
Source: IEEE 802.3-2008
T L
INK
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To
Distribution
SwitchTo
Horizontal Distribution Area Equipment Distribution Area
TIA
-56
8-C
.2 1
00
-M, 4
-CO
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A. Equipment Cord
B. Full Cross-Connect
C. Patch Cord
D. Horizontal cable 90m (295 ft.) max.
E. Consolidation Point (optional)
F. Equipment Outlet
G. Patch Cord
To
Server/
Storage
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Horizontal Cabling between Patching Areas
Patch
Panels
Optical
Fiber
Backbone
Patch
Panels
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Server/Storage cabinets - EDA
(Equipment Distribution Area)
Switches - HDA
(Horizontal Distribution
Area)
Switches
• Backwards Compatibility with older BASE-T standards
• Allows incremental upgrading
• “Future Proof” data center infrastructure
• 100m Structured Wiring Reach
• Allows for data center organization flexibility
• End of Row switching
• “Fat Tree” topology with central switching pods
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• “Fat Tree” topology with central switching pods
• Use of Inexpensive Cables and Connectors
• Category 6 or 6A and RJ-45 vs. Optical Fiber or Twin-Ax with SFP+
connectors
• Uniform Transmission Media
• One type of cable/connector for all situations in data center
EN
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EM
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• Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI)
• Caused by RF emitters (such as radio transmitters) in the
vicinity of the network
• An important subject to discuss in any copper cabling based
network
• Early implementations of 10GBASE-T systems were
susceptible to EMI
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG15 WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG
ITS
IMP
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susceptible to EMI
• EMI mitigation is addressed in more modern
implementations
• Two distinct EMI immunity tests in the industry from kHz to
GHz
• Telcordia GR1089: 8.5V/m (margined up to 10V/m)
• CISPR24: 3V/m
• Immunity performance can be classified into in-band (up to
~500MHz) and out-of-band (>~500MHz) performance
• Out-of-band interferers are rejected using the EMI filter (included
EM
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• Out-of-band interferers are rejected using the EMI filter (included
on-chip)
• In-band interferers require active cancellation using fast and
accurate signal processing
16
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TIN
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• Modern 10GBASE-T products have three distinct methods
of EMI cancellation built-in:
• Differential cancellation
• Transient response to first learn interferer is microseconds.
• No interoperability required.
• Robustness is good with a Ps=99%
• Common Mode sense cancellation (Requires 5 channel
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• Common Mode sense cancellation (Requires 5 channel
magnetics – extra RBOM cost)
• Similar to differential cancellation, but uses & requires 5 channel
magnetics
• Transient response to first learn interferer is microseconds.
• No interoperability required.
• Robustness is better with a Ps=99.9%
17
EC
HN
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• Fast re-train method
• Transient response to first learn interferer is 12ms
• Requires interoperability between PHYs
• Robustness is excellent with a Ps=99.99%
• Is a backup mechanism to differential and common mode cancellation
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(CO
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10
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• Industry advances in chip technology have rapidly brought
down per port power consumption:
• 3.5 watts @100m and 2W @10m today
• New technology allows integration of MAC/PHY to facilitate
LAN-on-Motherboard (LOM)
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2006 2009 2011 2013
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PHY volume production data
• 10GBASE-T transceivers can use these three
strategies:
• Power tuning vs. cable distance
• Wake on LAN (W-O-L)
• Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE)
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• Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE)
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• Automatic measurement of cable length
• Power reductions when less than 100m cable is detected
• Reduction of transmit power
• Reduced number of taps in signal cancellation filters
• Reduced dynamic range in A/D conversion
• Lower power mode FEC
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• Lower power mode FEC
• Example in 40nm:
21
100m 3.5W
30m 2.5W
<10m 2.0W
WA
KE
ON
LAN
(WO
L)
• System-wide power saving by setting controller
and PHY into sleep mode when network traffic
on either direction is idle
• In sleep mode, PHY links at 100Mbps line-rate
• PHY or MAC waits for a “magic” packet from link
partner to initiate wake-up
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG22
LAN
(WO
L)partner to initiate wake-up
San Jose, CA USA
February 2012 22
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FIC
IEN
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• Based on IEEE 802.3az Clause 78
• PHY-level and/or System-level power saving mode when
network traffic is idle
• up to 80%; typically 50% power savings
• Can operate at any supported line-rate (100M/1G/10G)
• Maintains link at same line-rate
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• Maintains link at same line-rate
• When system needs to transmit data, packets can be buffered
at MAC/controller level while the system wakes up and
resume traffic.
23
EE
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• The LPI mode can scale easily from ~0% utilization to 100%
• The Refresh is required to keep receiver parameters current
• Timing lock, equalizer coefficients, canceller coefficients, etc.
• This is critical to enable fast transitions from LPI to active
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CO
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EE
E A
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AN
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EE
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• Where WOL can be better:
• Bursty traffic pattern with long idle time in between
bursts
• Where EEE can be better:
• Random traffic pattern with short idle time in between
bursts
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG26
bursts
• Applications where normal traffic flow is more in one
direction and less in the other
• When security association is required or when the link
connection cannot be broken
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AV
AILA
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EQ
UIP
ME
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• ToR switches
• Modular switches
• Servers
• NIC cards
• Storage arrays
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• Storage arrays
• Network appliances
• More coming out soon
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• 10GBASE-T migration underway!
• Fundamental advantages:
• Backwards compatibility with slower
BASE-T applications
• 100m reach
• Use of inexpensive cables and
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG28
• Use of inexpensive cables and
connectors
• Uniform transmission media for all
data center needs
28
BE
NE
FIT
SO
FE
TH
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TA
LLIAN
CE
• Be part of the Voice of Ethernet!
• Network with Ethernet Thought Leaders
• Participate in the Debate of Ethernet Futures
• Contribute to Ethernet Alliance Social Media
• Visibility Through Participation
• Global Exposure
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG29
LLIAN
CE
ME
MB
ER
SH
IP
• Global Exposure
• Broad Market Exposure
• Prove Your Interoperability
• Plugfest
• Live Demonstrations
• Education
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG 29© 2012 Ethernet Alliance
DIS
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AN
DQ
&A
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG30 WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG
Q&
A
WWW.ETHERNETALLIANCE.ORG31
THANK YOU