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4.1 © 2007 by Prentice Hall 4 4 Chapter Chapter Ethical and Social Issues in Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems Information Systems Ethical and Social Issues in Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems Information Systems

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Page 1: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems - …dinus.ac.id/.../ajar/Chapter_4_Ethical_and_Social_Issues_in_IS.pdf · Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

4.1 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

44ChapterChapter

Ethical and Social Issues in Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsInformation Systems

Ethical and Social Issues in Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsInformation Systems

Page 2: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems - …dinus.ac.id/.../ajar/Chapter_4_Ethical_and_Social_Issues_in_IS.pdf · Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

4.2 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

• Menganalisis hubungan antara, sosial, dan politik etis yang dibangkitkan oleh sistem informasi.

• Mengidentifikasi dimensi utama moral masyarakat informasi dan prinsip-prinsip spesifik untuk melakukan yang dapat digunakan untuk memandu keputusan yang etis.

• Mengevaluasi dampak sistem informasi kontemporer dan Internet tentang perlindungan privasi individu dan kekayaan intelektual.

• Menilai bagaimana sistem informasi telah mempengaruhi kehidupan sehari-hari.• Mengidentifikasi tantangan utama manajemen yang ditimbulkan oleh dampak

sosial dan etika sistem informasi dan solusi manajemen.

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4.3 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

APAKAH PELACAKAN LOKASI Mengancam PRIVASI?

• Masalah: Peluang baru dari teknologi baru dan perlu untuk keamanan yang lebih besar.

• Solusi: Mendesain ulang proses bisnis dan produk untuk mendukung peningkatan penjualan pemantauan lokasi dan keamanan.

• Menggelar GPS dan RFID pelacakan perangkat dengan database pelacakan lokasi memungkinkan pemantauan lokasi.

• TI menunjukkan peran dalam menciptakan peluang baru untuk meningkatkan kinerja bisnis

• Menggambarkan bagaimana teknologi bisa menjadi pedang bermata dua dengan menyediakan manfaat seperti penjualan meningkat dan keamanan sementara mengorbankan privasi.

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Page 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems - …dinus.ac.id/.../ajar/Chapter_4_Ethical_and_Social_Issues_in_IS.pdf · Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

4.4 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

Memahami Isu-isu etis dan Sosial yang Terkait dengan Sistem

• Model Untuk Berpikir Tentang Etis, Sosial, dan Political Issues

• Lima dimensi moral era informasi

• Informasi hak dan kewajiban

• Properti hak dan kewajiban

• Akuntabilitas dan kontrol

• Sistem mutu

• Kualitas hidup

• Teknologi kunci tren yang mengangkat isu-isu etis

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Page 5: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems - …dinus.ac.id/.../ajar/Chapter_4_Ethical_and_Social_Issues_in_IS.pdf · Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

4.5 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

Model Untuk Berpikir Tentang Etis, Sosial, dan Political Issues• Banyak dari isu-isu ini tidak hanya menyentuh masyarakat kita secara

keseluruhan, tetapi juga menimbulkan banyak pertanyaan bagi organisasi, perusahaan, dan tempat kerja pada umumnya.

• Sementara, Anda mungkin harus bertindak Anda mungkin dipaksa untuk bertindak dalam hukum 'wilayah abu-abu. "

• Bagaimana Anda bertindak, secara individu maupun sebagai kelompok, di daerah abu-abu mungkin menentukan masa depan masyarakat kita.

• Meskipun yang mungkin terdengar sedikit dramatis, Anda harus memahami bahwa Anda adalah bagian dari perkembangan "penggunaan yang dapat diterima" media baru ini dan akan membantu menentukan arah di mana tujuan yang diinginkan.

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4.6 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

The Relationship Between Ethical, Social, and Political Issues The Relationship Between Ethical, Social, and Political Issues in an Information Societyin an Information Society

Figure 4-1

The introduction of new information technology has a ripple effect, raising new ethical, social, and political issues that must be dealt with on the individual, social, and political levels. These issues have five moral dimensions: information rights and obligations, property rights and obligations, system quality, quality of life, and accountability and control.

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems

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4.7 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

Isu utama etika, sosial, dan politik dibesarkan oleh sistem informasi mencakup dimensi-dimensi moral sebagai berikut: 1.Informasi hak dan kewajiban (Information rights and obligations.). Hak-hak apa Informasi apakah individu dan organisasi memiliki berkenaan dengan diri mereka sendiri? Apa yang bisa mereka lindungi? kewajiban melakukan individu dan organisasi telah mengenai informasi ini?2.Properti hak dan kewajiban(Property rights and obligations). Bagaimana hak kekayaan intelektual tradisional dilindungi dalam masyarakat digital di mana pelacakan dan akuntansi untuk kepemilikan sulit dan mengabaikan hak milik tersebut begitu mudah?

Lima dimensi moral era informasi

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4.8 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

3. Akuntabilitas dan kontrol (Accountability and control.). Siapa yang bisa dan akan bertanggung jawab dan bertanggung jawab untuk kerugian dilakukan untuk informasi individual dan kolektif dan hak properti?

4. Sistem mutu (System quality). Apa standar kualitas data dan sistem harus kita permintaan melindungi hak-hak individu dan keselamatan masyarakat?

5. Kualitas hidup(Quality of life). Apa yang nilainya harus disimpan dalam sebuah informasi dan berbasis pengetahuan masyarakat? Yang lembaga yang harus kita melindungi dari pelanggaran? Yang nilai-nilai budaya dan praktek-praktek yang didukung oleh teknologi informasi baru ?

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4.9 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

TREN TEKNOLOGI YANG Menekan ISU ETIS•Ada empat tren teknologi kunci yang bertanggung jawab etika ini menekankan dan mereka dirangkum dalam Tabel 4-2•Tabel 4-2. TREN TEKNOLOGI YANG Menekan ISU ETIS

Trend DampakKomputasi daya dua kali lipat setiap 18 bulan

Lebih banyak organisasi tergantung pada sistem komputer untuk operasi kritis.

Biaya penyimpanan data dengan cepat menurun

Organisasi dengan mudah dapat mempertahankan database rinci pada individu.

Analisis data kemajuan Perusahaan dapat menganalisis sejumlah besar data yang dikumpulkan pada individu untuk mengembangkan profil rinci dari perilaku individu.

Jaringan kemajuan dan Internet Menyalin data dari satu lokasi ke lokasi lain dan mengakses data pribadi dari lokasi terpencil jauh lebih mudah.

Page 10: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems - …dinus.ac.id/.../ajar/Chapter_4_Ethical_and_Social_Issues_in_IS.pdf · Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

4.10 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems

Baca Sesi Interaktif: Manajemen, dan kemudian mendiskusikan pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut:•Apakah data broker akan menimbulkan dilema etis? Jelaskan jawaban Anda.•Apakah masalah disebabkan oleh proliferasi broker data? •Apa manajemen, organisasi, dan faktor teknologi bertanggung jawab untuk masalah ini?•Seberapa efektif ada solusi untuk masalah ini?•Haruskah pemerintah federal AS mengatur broker data pribadi? Mengapa atau mengapa tidak? Apa kelebihan dan kekurangan?

Data for Sale

Page 11: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems - …dinus.ac.id/.../ajar/Chapter_4_Ethical_and_Social_Issues_in_IS.pdf · Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

4.11 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

• Basic concepts: responsibility, accountability, reliability

• Ethical analysis

• Candidate ethical principles

• Professional codes of conduct

• Some real-world ethical dilemmas

Etika dalam Masyarakat Informasi

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Page 12: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems - …dinus.ac.id/.../ajar/Chapter_4_Ethical_and_Social_Issues_in_IS.pdf · Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

4.12 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

• Information rights: Privacy and freedom in the Internet Age• The European directive on data protection

• Internet challenges to privacy

• Technical solutions

• Property rights: Intellectual property

• Trade secrets

• Copyright

• Patents

• Challenges to intellectual property rights

The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Page 13: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems - …dinus.ac.id/.../ajar/Chapter_4_Ethical_and_Social_Issues_in_IS.pdf · Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

4.13 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

How Cookies Identify Web VisitorsHow Cookies Identify Web Visitors

Figure 4-3

Cookies are written by a Web site on a visitor’s hard drive. When the visitor returns to that Web site, the Web server requests the ID number from the cookie and uses it to access the data stored by that server on that visitor. The Web site can then use these data to display personalized information.

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4.14 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

• Accountability, liability, and control• Computer-related liability problems

• System quality: Data quality and system errors

• Quality of life: Equity, access, and boundaries

• Balancing power: Center versus periphery

• Rapidity of change: Reduced response time to competition

• Maintaining boundaries: Family, work, and leisure

• Dependence and vulnerability

The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

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4.15 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

• Quality of life: Equity, access, and boundaries (cont’d)

• Computer crime and abuse

• Employment: Trickle-down technology and reengineering job

loss

• Equity and access: Increasing racial and social class cleavages

• Health risks: RSI, CVS, and Technostress

The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Page 16: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems - …dinus.ac.id/.../ajar/Chapter_4_Ethical_and_Social_Issues_in_IS.pdf · Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

4.16 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

The Spamming ProblemThe Spamming Problem

Figure 4-5

This figure shows the major types of products and services hawked through spam e-mail messages and the industries that receive the most spam.

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4.17 © 2007 by Prentice Hall

• Read the Interactive Session: Organizations, and then discuss the following questions:

• Does use of the Internet by children and teenagers pose an ethical dilemma? Why or why not?

• Should parents restrict use of the Internet by children or teenagers? Why or why not?

The Internet: Friend or Foe to Children?

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information SystemsChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems