Europe Takes Africa

Unit Enduring Understandings1. The motives of competition and profit often prompt people and groups to expand into new areas

of opportunity.2. Changes in technology and exchange during the 18th and 19th centuries led to the social and

economic changes around the world that are still relevant today.3. Technology, transportation and communication enabled European nations to become the

dominant world powers in the 19th century.4. Centers of global economic and political power shift over time.5. Technology and industrial advancement can alter existing social and economic systems.

Agenda – Why could the Berlin Conference be the most important event to affect Africa?1. Complete p 20 – make sure to do B on the bottom.2. Watch the videos – answer – identify examples in the chart on p 203. Actively read both selections on p 21 – answer questions 1 and 2 on the bottom.

1. Which causes of imperialism are identified in these selections?2. How does industrialization play a role in imperialism?

4. Get computers 5. Actively read p 22 – answer the following questions:

1. Compare this map to Africa Map on p 343 link in Unit 3. How may Livingstone’s expeditions impacted the Berlin Conference’s division of Africa?

2. Which of Livingstone’s expeditions was the one during which Stanley sought him?6. Actively read both selections on p 23 – answer questions 1 and 2 on the bottom.7. Work on core assessment

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OJe1W_HIWmA&feature=related 4 minute overview of European colonization of african

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=52WgIDa4TUs&feature=related guns germs and steel

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qx2Sj1fhSso&feature=related – berlin and congo

The Forces of Imperialism3 motives behind European race for colonies

1. Country prestige – wanted colonies as a sign of power and wealth2. Need for natural resources to further fuel industrialization3. Desire for more markets for manufactured goods4. Competition between Europeans for resources, prestige and

markets5. Missionary zeal to Christianize and “civilize” the Africans6. Social Darwinism and racism

Technological advantages Europe had over Africa

Guns – the Maxim gunSteam power - boats and railroadsCommunication – telegraph and later radioQuinine – medicine to defeat malaria

Internal factors making Africa vulnerable

Many languages and cultures that inhibited unityLack of technology to compete against EuropeHistorical competition and rivalries amongst tribes and nations that the Europeans could exploit

The Colonization of AfricaBerlin conference outcomes

Agreement amongst 14 powers about how to divide Africa – led by King Leopold II of Belgium who manipulated the conference to help him own the CongoAn arbitrary division of Africa regardless of linguistic, ethnic, geographical or national factorsLong-term consequence - Transformation of African life

Three groups who clashed over South Africa

Boers of Dutch decentBritish settlers and governmentZulus – native Africans

Outcomes of Boer War

British gained control of South Africa – called the Union of South Africa – gaining a major ally in AfricaUse of concentration camps to starve out the Boer soldiers was cruel and deadlyBoers were defeated but some were allowed to return to their lands – but much of the land was unusable due to the scorched earth strategy – so many went to work in the mines.