Evolution of the Arts

The Evolution of Music

IndexMusician timelineDescribing the musical

periods.Musical instruments-from the

first instrument to the lastTap of the footCoconut shellsBanjo, guitarViolaElectric guitarLooking forwardThe meaning of Evolution

Musicians and Their Time Periods1. Purcell:1659-1695 2. Vivaldi: 1678-17413. Telemann: 1681-

17674. Bach: 1685-17505. Handel: 1685-17596. Haydn: 1732-18097. Mozart: 1756-17918. Beethoven: 1770-

1827

9. Schubert: 1797-182810. Mussorgsky: 1839-188111. Tchaikovsky: 1840-189312. Dvorok: 1841-190413. Grieg: 1843-190714. Debussy: 1862-191815. Gershwin: 1898-193716. Copland: 1900-199017. Coge: 1912- 199218. Bernstein: 1918-1990

These are famous musicians in their time periods. The periods were the Bardque Period (1600-1750), Classical Period (1750-1827), Romantic Period (1827-1903) and lastly the Modern Period (1903-2000)

Musical Instrument TimelineYear Event -4000 Harps and Flutes played in Egypt-3500 Lyres and Double Clarinets played in

Egypt-3000 The Chinese court musician cuts

first bamboo pipe

-2500 Chinese music moves to a five tone scale

-2000 Trumpets are reportedly played in Denmark

-2000 Percussion instruments added to Egyptian orchestral music

-1500 Hittites use guitar, lyre, trumpet, tamborine to make music

-1500 Harps used to accompany dances in Egypt

-1000 Professional musicians provide background for religous ceremonies in Israel

Evolution’s meaning- my definition

I think evolution means that something is changing throughout time, but it is changing naturally. I also think that some things we may need and some we may not need like bombs or T.V.

Wherever people are found, there is music, but how did music evolve? Darwin raised the question, but found no answer. The difficulty was in determining what advantage is offered to the music-maker by the making of music.

Some Darwinian theorists, such as the Harvard psychologist Steven Pinker, have suggested that music is an accident, not an adaptation. It satisfies our ears in the same way that a slice of cake appeals to our taste buds.Steven Mithen of the University of Reading, England, has recently advanced a different view. Drawing on archaeology, fossil evidence, and studies of brains, genes, language and music in many cultures, he suggests that music and language both emerged from a common precursor – a quasi-musical use of sound – which our ancestors used for communicating. These complex calls could have found uses as infant lullabies or as part of group celebration. He also suggests that the groups that developed this use of sound had more offspring and more descendants, which is why music survives today.

Speech and music both involve sound. Which came first – music or language – remains unclear. Scientists can study changes in the vocal tract as early humans developed, but the sounds they made leave no trace. Studies of modern brains show that some regions are involved in both understanding language and interpreting music. Yet there are people who are both tone deaf and non-stop talkers.

Evolution of Drama Can Oskay

What is drama?

Drama is possibly the most common way that stories can be told. In nearly every culture, there is some kind of dramatic expression. Since it began thousands of years ago, drama means many different things.

How did theatre first start? It actually started with dance in the first

societies. People believed that the dancers had powers to stop the supernatural powers that they thought controlled peoples lives.

The dances were done to get rid of disease and to perform if someone died

The dancers wore masks that they thought looked like the spirits and wore costumes of tree bark and animal skins

More history The history of real Drama goes back to some of mankind’s

earliest civilizations. Drama started back in ancient Greece in theatres that were built into the hills. Many plays were written during the period, from 525 BC to 385 BC, and are still performing today.

There were different kinds of drama at different times in history.

For example between 350 BC and 250BC there was lots of comedies performed

In the dark ages there was almost no theatre because the Christians didn’t like it

There was another time after that called the renaissance and this was when Shakespeare wrote plays and there was a big increase in the theatre

Amazing facts about drama… Roman actors were actually slaves who were

owned by managers In 1576 the first real theatre was built in

London and was called the Globe theatre. Women were not in any plays in Spain or

England until the 17th century When more people moved into the city in the

19th century and theatre started to change so it was more fun for working people

And today If we go to the theatre now we can see

all kinds of plays from Shakespeare and old fashioned plays to modern ones with lots of special effects and lighting

Theatre is still very Popular today

The Evolution of Writing

The history of Writing Talk’s not good enough… Sharing ideas The creative mind at work Mobile mayhem Blogs Skype Looking forward Why it changed

Talk’s not good enoughAlong time back our only form of

communication was through talking. As villages turned into towns and towns turned into kingdoms there was one major need. Some sort of communication that didn’t involve talking had to be created. Thus began the written language. Some used pictures instead of letters but this soon ended when people realized how much easier it was to write the letter a than some crazy drawing.

Sharing ideaswriting was once only

used for sharing information and life changing ideas. Can you imagine a world without books?! What would you do in your spare time?

Mobile MayhemWelcome to a world of amazing

technology! Now not only can you write books but now you can also send a message to your friend with the touch of a button. You can also call on the telephone and have an instant reply in less than a second. On your computer then check your email! (electronic mail)

BloggingBlogging is an excellent

way to get your ideas on the internet! Simply copy it from your word and post an idea out to the world.

SkypeSkype… now one of the most

popular forms of technology. Skype is an online website that you can get for free. You can video call people on it. There are many of these sorts of websites.

Looking forwardYour 10 years into the

future. The world of books is beyond us. Instead of pages we have I pads to read on. The reality is that within a few years we will not have any classical books.

Why it changedWriting has changed many times

over the century. This is because the mood of the people changed and when their moods change, their moods in there story’s change to. For example when it was the dark ages very few books were published and fewer still were positive. The answer is simple, evolution is a natural change but it also depends on the mood of the people.

Evolution of art

The EvolutionOfArt

Why is there art?Back in the stone age in 30,000 B.C. when they didn’t really have a way to communicate they started to carve their experiences on a cave wall they have gotten from their lives so they could remember and also communicate with other cavemen and this was called art.Ofcourse they didn’t know what art was but they were carving these really simple pictures on to a cave.In the past centuries when the life got more and more developed and complex they started expressing themselves with art to the world.This idea has came down to our days and is still going on.

. The reason for this is because is that in each generation the life is different and the artists that make these arts usually try to express their feelings so they can actually tell something they have experience in their lives or had imagined of.Art is also needs some imagination because in the stone age they kept the arts really simple when today they build huge sculptures.The reason for this is the technology and evolution of other things that influences the artists thoughts and so they make these huge arts that is hard to understand for people because of its complex structure.Evolution of other things in life actually influences art a lot

The Evolution of Art

What’s going to happen in the next years?I personally don’t know but I’m guessing that art is going to change a lot.The arts of the future might be a picture in a hologram or something technological like that.Art might die and instead the artists might express their feelings in a mini invention because when centuries pass nobody probably will be adapted to art as today because of the growing technology.The more the technology grows the more people will be adapted to it.

What is art like today do they mostly do today?

The usual kind of art that artists do today is mixing styles of art from past years and also modern art to express themselves in a way that is hard to understand sometimes.Artists today do stuff that is way of from known stuff.The artists are thinking outside the box to create something that was never done before.That’s most artists target.The people who see these artworks are really confused but intrested by how the artist is expressing themselves.

For people who want to learn moreTimeline of art periods

Art Periods/Movements Characteristics Chief Artists and

Major Works Historical Events

Stone Age (30,000 b.c.–2500 b.c.)

Cave painting, fertility goddesses, megalithic structures

Lascaux Cave Painting, Woman of Willendorf, Stonehenge

Ice Age ends (10,000 b.c.–8,000 b.c.); New Stone Age and first permanent settlements (8000 b.c.–2500 b.c.)

Mesopotamian (3500 b.c.–539 b.c.)

Warrior art and narration in stone relief

Standard of Ur, Gate of Ishtar, Stele of Hammurabi's Code

Sumerians invent writing (3400 b.c.); Hammurabi writes his law code (1780 b.c.); Abraham founds monotheism

Egyptian (3100 b.c.–30 b.c.)

Art with an afterlife focus: pyramids and tomb painting

Imhotep, Step Pyramid, Great Pyramids, Bust of Nefertiti

Narmer unites Upper/Lower Egypt (3100 b.c.); Rameses II battles the Hittites (1274 b.c.); Cleopatra dies (30 b.c.)

Greek and Hellenistic (850 b.c.–31 b.c.)

Greek idealism: balance, perfect proportions; architectural orders(Doric, Ionic, Corinthian)

Parthenon, Myron, Phidias, Polykleitos, Praxiteles

Athens defeats Persia at Marathon (490 b.c.); Peloponnesian Wars (431 b.c.–404 b.c.); Alexander the Great's conquests (336 b.c.–323 b.c.)

Roman (500 b.c.– a.d. 476)

Roman realism: practical and down to earth; the arch

Augustus of Primaporta, Colosseum, Trajan's Column, Pantheon

Julius Caesar assassinated (44 b.c.); Augustus proclaimed Emperor (27 b.c.); Diocletian splits Empire (a.d. 292); Rome falls (a.d. 476)

Indian, Chinese, and Japanese(653 b.c.–a.d. 1900)

Serene, meditative art, and Arts of the Floating World

Gu Kaizhi, Li Cheng, Guo Xi, Hokusai, Hiroshige

Birth of Buddha (563 b.c.); Silk Road opens (1st century b.c.); Buddhism spreads to China (1st–2nd centuries a.d.) and Japan (5th century a.d.)

Byzantine and Islamic (a.d. 476–a.d.1453)

Heavenly Byzantine mosaics; Islamic architecture and amazing maze-like design

Hagia Sophia, Andrei Rublev, Mosque of Córdoba, the Alhambra

Justinian partly restores Western Roman Empire (a.d. 533–a.d. 562); Iconoclasm Controversy (a.d. 726–a.d. 843); Birth of Islam (a.d. 610) and Muslim Conquests (a.d. 632–a.d. 732)

Middle Ages (500–1400)

Celtic art, Carolingian Renaissance, Romanesque, Gothic

St. Sernin, Durham Cathedral, Notre Dame, Chartres, Cimabue, Duccio, Giotto

Viking Raids (793–1066); Battle of Hastings (1066); Crusades I–IV (1095–1204); Black Death (1347–1351); Hundred Years' War (1337–1453)

Early and High Renaissance (1400–1550)

Rebirth of classical culture

Ghiberti's Doors, Brunelleschi, Donatello, Botticelli, Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael

Gutenberg invents movable type (1447); Turks conquer Constantinople (1453); Columbus lands in New World (1492); Martin Luther starts Reformation (1517)

Venetian and Northern Renaissance (1430–1550)

The Renaissance spreads north- ward to France, the Low Countries, Poland, Germany, and England

Bellini, Giorgione, Titian, Dürer, Bruegel, Bosch, Jan van Eyck, Rogier van der Weyden

Council of Trent and Counter-Reformation (1545–1563); Copernicus proves the Earth revolves around the Sun (1543

Mannerism (1527–1580)

Art that breaks the rules; artifice over nature

Tintoretto, El Greco, Pontormo, Bronzino, Cellini

Magellan circumnavigates the globe (1520–1522)

Baroque (1600–1750)

Splendor and flourish for God; art as a weapon in the religious wars

Reubens, Rembrandt, Caravaggio, Palace of Versailles

Thirty Years' War between Catholics and Protestants (1618–1648)

Neoclassical (1750–1850)

Art that recaptures Greco-Roman grace and grandeur

David, Ingres, Greuze, Canova

Enlightenment (18th century); Industrial Revolution (1760–1850)

Romanticism (1780–1850)

The triumph of imagination and individuality

Caspar Friedrich, Gericault, Delacroix, Turner, Benjamin West

American Revolution (1775–1783); French Revolution (1789–1799); Napoleon crowned emperor of France (1803)

Realism (1848–1900)

Celebrating working class and peasants; en plein airrustic painting

Corot, Courbet, Daumier, Millet

European democratic revolutions of 1848

Impressionism (1865–1885)

Capturing fleeting effects of natural light

Monet, Manet, Renoir, Pissarro, Cassatt, Morisot, Degas

Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871); Unification of Germany (1871)

Post-Impressionism (1885–1910)

A soft revolt against Impressionism

Van Gogh, Gauguin, Cézanne, Seurat

Belle Époque (late-19th-century Golden Age); Japan defeats Russia (1905)

Fauvism and Expressionism (1900–1935)

Harsh colors and flat surfaces (Fauvism); emotion distorting form

Matisse, Kirchner, Kandinsky, Marc

Boxer Rebellion in China (1900); World War (1914–1918)

Cubism, Futurism, Supremativism, Constructivism, De Stijl (1905–1920)

Pre– and Post–World War 1 art experiments: new forms to express modern life

Picasso, Braque, Leger, Boccioni, Severini, Malevich

Russian Revolution (1917); American women franchised (1920)

Dada and Surrealism (1917–1950)

Ridiculous art; painting dreams and exploring the unconscious

Duchamp, Dalí, Ernst, Magritte, de Chirico, Kahlo

Disillusionment after World War I; The Great Depression (1929–1938); World War II (1939–1945) and Nazi horrors; atomic bombs dropped on Japan (1945)

Abstract Expressionism (1940s–1950s) and Pop Art (1960s)

Post–World War II: pure abstraction and expression without form; popular art absorbs consumerism

Gorky, Pollock, de Kooning, Rothko, Warhol, Lichtenstein

Cold War and Vietnam War (U.S. enters 1965); U.S.S.R. suppresses Hungarian revolt (1956) Czechoslovakian revolt (1968)

Postmodernism and Deconstructivism (1970– )

Art without a center and reworking and mixing past styles

Gerhard Richter, Cindy Sherman, Anselm Kiefer, Frank Gehry, Zaha Hadid

Nuclear freeze movement; Cold War fizzles; Communism collapses in Eastern Europe and U.S.S.R. (1989–1991)