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COMPONENTSCOMPONENTS
• Identification of sick animals.
• Distant & close physical examination.
• Examination:
1.Management & Environment of the group.
2. Risk factors
DISTANT EXAMINATIONDISTANT EXAMINATION
• Diseases of nervous system and musculo skeletal system.
• Abnormality in behaviour e .g. grazing behaviour, flocking behaviour.
• Determine prevalence of the problem.
• Estimation of morbidity.
• Observation of animal while walking.
• Observation in confinement.
CLOSE PHYSICAL CLOSE PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONEXAMINATION
• Examination of individual animal
• Vital signs like (rectal temp, pulse ,etc.)
• Age.
• Body condition score
muscular tissue, spinous and transverse processes
Examination of fleece & skinExamination of fleece & skin
• Presence of break point
• Clinical site of parasitic infestation
irritation, head shaking, stumping, dermatitis, fleece damage, sheep ked ,myiasis, suckling lice ,scab,
mycotic dermatitis, wool loss in scrapie.
HEAD & NECKHEAD & NECK
• Mycotic dermatitis-grey crusty scabs.
• Staphylo-periorbital eczema.
• Mandible swelling –dentigerous cyst
conditions like bottle jaw, big head,
blue tounge, photosensitivity.
EYES & CONJUNCTIVAEEYES & CONJUNCTIVAE
• Examination conjunctiva and sclera for anaemia and jaundice.
• Pink eye.
• Indications of eye abnormality.
ORAL CAVITYORAL CAVITY
• Actinobacillosis
• Blue tongue
• FMD
• PPR
• Salivation with wetting of hair around lips-hypothermic & hypoglycemic
• Smell the breath for ketone and saliva for azotemia
ABDOMENABDOMEN
• Abdomen palpation with both hands on either side.
• Succussion in lambs and kids to detect fluid and gas in stomach and intestines.
URINARY TRACTURINARY TRACT
• Evidence of urolithiasis
• Examintion of vulva for vulvitis, distortion, squamous cell carcinoma
REPRODUCTIVE TRACTREPRODUCTIVE TRACT
• Examination of scrotum
-Dermatophilus congolensis
• Congenital abnormality
• Atrophy for any reason
• Presence of inflammatory disease
EXAMINATION OF LIMBS & EXAMINATION OF LIMBS & UDDERUDDER
• By palpation of limbs detect swelling , heat in joints, tendons, bursae.
• Examine the claws & interdigital skin.
• Palpate the udder & examine the udder for mastitis.
• Hard bag – lentivirus infection