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Profile of Alcohol and Drug Indicators t January 2011 t 1

January 2011

Profile of Alcohol and Drug Indicators

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For more information about Pasco County’s Alliance for Substance Abuse Prevention or the Profile of Alcohol and Drug Indicators, please contact:

ASAP

P.O. Box 3007

Land O’Lakes, FL 34639

(727) 597-2284

www.pascoasap.com

[email protected]

ASAP Board of Directors from left to right:

• Treasurer Debbie Antioco, BayCare Behavioral Health

• Chair Tracey Kaly, BayCare Behavioral Health

• Vice Chair Art Rowand, Pasco Sheriff’s Office

• Secretary Paula Green, Youth and Family Alternatives

• Board Member at Large Phil Cohen, Public Defender’s Office

• Coalition Coordinator, Chrissie Parris

Not Pictured: Board Member at Large Chris Wittmann, Trinity Pain Center

Active Members• PascoSheriff’sOffice

• BayCareBehavioralHealth

• PascoSheriff’sChildProtectiveInvestigators

• YouthandFamilyAlternatives

• PascoKidsFirst

• PascoCountyHealthDepartment

• DistrictSchoolBoardofPascoCounty

• PoisonInformationCenter-Tampa

• HealthyStart

• WTOGTV-CW44

• FloridaAlcoholTobaccoandBeverage(ABT)

• PublicDefender’sOffice

• CoxRadio

• SaintLeoUniversity

• PascoHernandoCommunityCollege

• DadeCityPoliceDepartment

• TrinityPainCenter

• DepartmentofChildrenandFamilies

• DepartmentofJuvenileJustice

• DUISchool

• JoyFM

• DependencyCourt

• PremierCommunityHealthCareGroup


Table of Contents

Active Members ................................................................................................................................................2

Letter to Community Stakeholders ...................................................................................................................5

Report Highlights .............................................................................................................................................6

Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................7

2010 Accomplishments/Successes .....................................................................................................................8

Criminal Justice Indicators ...............................................................................................................................9

TableOne.Alcohol-andDrug-RelatedOffenseandArrestData.....................................................................9

FigureOne.ComparisonofPascoCountyDUIandDrug/NarcoticArrests.....................................................9

FigureTwo.PascoCountyLiquorLawViolations............................................................................................9

TableTwo.EconomicCostsofUnderageDrinkinginFloridabyCounty......................................................10

General Population Surveys: Adolescent Prevalence Rates ..............................................................................11

TableThree.StudentsReportingPast30-dayUseofSelectedDrugs...............................................................11

FigureThree.Past30-dayUseofAlcohol,TobaccoandOtherDrugsamongPascoCountyStudents,2010...11

TableFour.PascoCountyStudentsReportingPast30-dayUseofSelectedDrugs..........................................12

FigureFour.Past30-dayAlcoholUsePascoCounty2004-2010andFlorida2010.........................................12

FigureFive.Past30-dayBingeDrinkingPascoCounty2004-2010andFlorida2010....................................13

TableFive.StudentsReportingLifetimeUseofSelectedDrugs......................................................................14

FigureSix.LifetimeUseofAlcohol,Tobacco,andotherDrugsamongPascoCountyStudents,2010...........14

TableSix.PascoCountyStudentsReportingLifetimeUseofSelectedDrugs.................................................15

FigureSeven.AlcoholTrendsSummaryforPascoCounty2004-2010...........................................................16

FigureEight.MarijuanaTrendsSummaryforPascoCounty,2004-2010.......................................................16

TableSeven.PascoCountyandFloridaStatewideHighSchoolStudentsWhoStartedUsingAlcohol,Cigarettes,orMarijuanaatAge13orYounger................................................................17

TableEight.PascoCountyStudentsReportingPast12MonthDrug-RelatedBehavior.................................17

FigureNine.UsualSourceofAlcoholwithinthepast30-daysamongHighSchoolDrinkers,PascoCo.........18

FigureTen.UsualDrinkingLocationwithinthepast30-daysamongHighSchoolDrinkers,PascoCo.........18

FigureEleven.ComparisonsofPast12-monthDelinquentBehaviorforPascoCountyandFLStatewide.....19

FigureTwelve.Bullying-relatedBehaviorsamongPascoCountyMiddleandHighSchoolStudents,2010.....19

4 t Profile of Alcohol and Drug Indicators t January 2011

Mortality Data ..............................................................................................................................................20

TableNine.PascoandPinellasCountiesDrug-RelatedDeathsbyLethal/Non-LethalLevels.........................20

TableTen.PascoandPinellasCountiesDrug-RelatedDeathsbyAgeandLethal/Non-LethalLevels.............20

FigureThirteen.ComparisonofPascoCountyDrug-RelatedDeathsbyNon-LethalLevel............................21

FigureFourteen.ComparisonofPascoCountyDrug-RelatedDeathsbyLethalLevel....................................21

TableEleven.2009PascoandPinellasCountiesDrug-RelatedDeathsbyLethal/Non-LethalLevels..............22

TableTwelve.Substance-exposedNewbornsbyCountyofResidence.............................................................22

TableThirteen.ARCOSPrescriptionDrugDistributionDataforPascoCounty............................................23

TableFourteen.PascoCountySuicideDeathsbyAgeGroup.........................................................................24

TableFifteen.SuicideAttemptsUsingPoisonsorMedicationsinPascoCountybyAgeGroup......................24

TableSixteen.Alcohol-RelatedCrashes,Injuries,andFatalities......................................................................25

FigureFifteen.PascoCountyAlcohol-RelatedCrashesandInjuries...............................................................25

FigureSixteen.PascoCountyAlcohol-RelatedCrashes..................................................................................25

Treatment Data ...............................................................................................................................................26

TableSeventeen.AdmissiontoPascoCountySubstanceAbuseTreatment.....................................................26

FigureSeventeen.AdultAdmissionstoPascoCountySubstanceAbuseProviders..........................................26

TableEighteen.AdmissionDataonDrugofChoiceforAdultsinPascoCounty...........................................27

TableNineteen.AdmissionDataonDrugofChoiceforYouthinPascoCounty...........................................27

Appendices......................................................................................................................................................28

AppendixA:Resultsfrom2010PascoCountyAlcoholPolicyandPrescriptionDrugUseSurvey..................28

AppendixB:PascoCountyLastDrinkAssessment.........................................................................................33

AppendixC:DUICrashes.............................................................................................................................37

Acknowledgements .........................................................................................................................................39


Letter to Community Stakeholders

Dear Community Stakeholder, The Pasco County Alliance for Substance Abuse Prevention (ASAP) Coalition was formed in 2006 with the mission “to develop, motivate, and encourage strategic relationships that reduce countywide risk factors and decrease substance abuse among youth and adults.” ASAP serves Pasco County with a population of over 471,000. ASAP includes representatives from many sectors of the community including law enforcement, faith-based organizations, youth-serving organizations, schools, businesses, civic groups, healthcare, behavioral health service providers, government, media, parents and youth. Each year, ASAP works with researchers from the University of South Florida to gather and report the most prevalent and up-to-date substance abuse related data impacting Pasco County. In this Indicator Report, we provide a balance of both quantitative and qualitative data from a variety of federal, state, regional, and county sources. As you will see, the Indicator report lends compelling information regarding alcohol and drug related trends impacting the families in our community. The most alarming data and trends we have identified on a federal, state and local level are related specifically to the epidemic of prescription drug abuse:

• Prescription painkillers kill about twice as many people as cocaine and five times as many as heroin. Nearly two million Americans are dependent on or abusing opioid pain relievers - nearly twice as many as are addicted to cocaine.

• There has been a 400% increase in the number of people seeking treatment for addictions to painkillers from 1998 to 2008. • Prescription drugs cause the death of seven people a day in Florida. • Florida has become the epicenter for the availability of illegally diverted prescription drugs and is only one of twelve states that currently

does not operate a Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP). • 126 prescription drug-related deaths were reported in Pasco County in 2009. Holiday, Florida is considered "ground zero" for prescription

drug abuse. • 60% of Pasco County child protective investigation cases resulting in a child being removed from a home involve prescription drug abuse. • Pasco County youth outpace Florida Statewide youth who reported having used various drugs in their lifetimes (prescription drugs, over the

counter drugs and alcohol). • In 2008, Pasco County ranked second highest in the State of Florida for infants being born experiencing withdrawal symptoms. This is a

1000% increase in babies born addicted compared to 2005. Pinellas County ranked first with 70 newborns. Although 2009-2010 data is not yet available, we fear the trend has increased.

This report also highlights the activities that ASAP conducts to help combat the negative trends and to make Pasco County a healthy and safe place for families. In 2010, to address the growing number of individuals seeking treatment for prescription drug use and the increased number of unauthorized pain management clinics in Pasco County, ASAP created a Prescription Drug Task Force to review, research and make recommendations on how to address the problems within our community. The Task Force was instrumental with the following key accomplishments:

• Helping the Pasco County Sheriff’s Office and Dade City Police Department collect over 2,158 pounds of pills and sharps during Prescription Drug Take Back Events.

• Supporting the Dade City Police Department to host the first permanent pharmaceutical drug take-back site. • Electing a pain management practitioner to ASAP’s Board of Directors. • Providing training for child welfare workers on prescription drug misuse and impact on families in collaboration with Dependency Court

Judge, Lynn Tepper. • Attending a Prescription Drug panel discussion organized by Judge Lynn Tepper with Representative John Legg, Special Counsel Dave

Aronberg, and local law enforcement, child welfare and treatment provider leaders in Pasco County. • Organizing and participating in community candle light vigils, informational tables at events, public service announcements to continue to

educate the public.

As an inaugural member and current chairperson for ASAP, I have been honored and humbled to work with such dedicated people within Pasco County. Each year, our membership grows substantially with caring individuals supporting our cause. On behalf of our Board of Directors and Executive Committee, I would like to thank the countless hours that our ASAP volunteers provide throughout the year to promote healthy and safe communities within our County. We hope you find this Indicator Report useful. For more information about our Coalition and how to get involved, please visit our website at www.pascoasap.com. We look forward to our continued partnership with key stakeholders, community members, and youth within the Pasco County community. With our collective passion, we will achieve our shared vision for the future.

Tracey Kaly, LMHC Clinical Manager, BayCare Behavioral Health

Sincerely, Tracey Kaly, LMHC Chairperson, Pasco County Alliance for Substance Abuse Prevention (ASAP)


Criminal Justice Indicator Highlights

• DUIarrestsforPascoandFloridastatewideincreasedfrom2006to2008,peakingin2008thendecreasingin2009.

• PascoCounty’sdrug/narcoticarrestspeakedin2009,whereasFloridastatewideexperiencedreductionsfrom2007to2009.

• Pasco’sliquorlawviolationsincreasedfrom30violationsin2007to130in2009.• TheSuncoastandCentralcountieshadthehigheststatewidecostattributedtounderage

drinking.Costsperyouthundertheageof21arehighestintheSuncoastregion,between$679and$2,021peryouth,respectively.PascoCountyisrated13outofthe67countiesintermsofcostsattributedtounderagedrinkingforthestateofFlorida.

Adolescent Prevalence Rate Highlights

Alcohol• SimilartoFlorida’sstatewiderates,PascoCounty’slifetimeandpastmonthuseofany

alcoholdecreasedfrom2004to2010.In2010,PascoCountymiddleandhighschoolstudentsreportedtheirlowestlifetimeratesofalcoholuse.

• Bingedrinkingdeclinedfrom20.3%in2006to13.5%in2010.

• Alcoholusecontinuestodecreaseastheharmassociatedwithuseincreases.

Marijuana• Consistentwithstatewiderates,in2010PascoCounty’spast30-dayuseratesofmarijuana

andanyillicitdrugusewereattheirpeak.Also,lifetimemarijuanauseincreasedfrom2008to2010forbothPascoCountyandFloridastatewide.

• Past30-daymarijuanauseamongmiddleschoolstudentsincreasedfrom4.9%in2004to6.7%in2010.

• Marijuanausehasseenanincreaseastheharmassociatedwithusedecreases.

Inhalant Use• Past30-dayinhalantuseamonghighschoolstudentsdecreasedfrom5.2%in2006to1.7%

in2010.

• In2010,PascoCountyreporteditslowestratesforinhalantuse.

Mortality Data

• In2009oxycodonewasthedrugmostcommonlyfoundinlethallevelsbybothPascoandPinellasCountyMedicalExaminers.

• Alprazolam(Xanax)wasthedrugmostcommonlyfoundinnon-lethallevelsbyPascoandPinellasCountyMedicalExaminersin2009.

• Pascosuicideattemptsusingpoisonsormedicationspeakedin2010.

• PascoCountyhassteadilydecreasedalcohol-relatedinjuriesandcrashesfrom2006–2009.

Treatment Data

• BayCareBehavioralHealthadultoutpatientadmissionsincreasedfrom2006/2007to2009/2010;duringthistimeframeadultresidentialadmissionspeakedin2009/2010.

• Youthresidentialadmissionsnearlydoubledfrom2008/2009to2009/2010.

• Foradults,opiateusewastheprimarydrugofchoicein2009/2010,followedbyalcoholandmarijuana.Foryouth,marijuanawastheprimarydrugofchoicein2009/2010,followedbyopiatesandalcohol.

• Approximately75%ofyouthintreatmentatBayCareBehavioralHealthforopiateusehavedroppedoutofschool.VeryfewareenrolledinGEDprograms.

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Report Highlights


Area Description

PascoCountyislocatedontheGulfofMexico.Pascoiscomprisedof868squaremilesoflandand isapproximately35miles fromTampa.TheCountycontains sixmunicipalities:NewPortRichey,PortRichey,SanAntonio,St.Leo,Zephyrhills,andDadeCity,whichisthecountyseat.Locatedlessthananhour’sdrivenorthofdowntownTampaandSt.Petersburg,PascoCountyisatransitioningsuburbancommunity.Itisthe50thfastestgrowingcountyintheUnitedStates,with105,403newresidentssincetheyear2000(constitutinga30.6%increase).Accordingtothe2006censusestimate, thepopulationwas471,028,with91.0%White,3.6%BlackorAfricanAmerican,1.8%Asian,and3.6%otherraces.Censusfiguresalso indicatethat9.2%ofPasco’spopulation report being of Hispanic or Latino origin, the slight majority (51.6%) are female,medianageis42.1years,and11%livebelowthepovertylevel.Thereare34,169studentsingrades6-12(15,554inmiddleschooland18,615inhighschool).Currently,therearenearly800licensedpremisesthatsellalcoholicbeveragesand35licensedpainclinicsinPascoCounty.

Pasco County Alcohol and Drug Indicator Analysis

Indicatorreportingprogramsareausefulmeansofgagingtheextentoflocalalcoholanddruguseandtheirrelatedproblems.Additionally,collectingindicatordataovertimewillhelptoascertaintheimpactofeffortsdesignedtoreducealcoholanddruguseanditsrelatedproblems.Indicatorscan be used by community leaders in the following ways: (1) to identify the most importantlocalsubstanceuseproblems,(2)totargetcommunitypreventionandtreatmentstrategies,and(3)toevaluatetheresultsofnewpoliciesandprograms.Tothisend,thePascoCountyAlliancefor Substance Abuse Prevention (ASAP) worked with researchers to conduct an evaluation ofadolescentandadultalcoholanddruguseindicatorsavailablethroughoutPascoCounty.Someofthedatawascomparedtostateaverages.

Data Sources

Thisreportdescribesalcoholandotherdrugtrends inPascoCounty,usingthedatasourcessummarizedbelow:

• UniformCrimeReport(UCR)

• FloridaDepartmentofChildrenandFamilies

• FloridaYouthSubstanceAbuseSurvey(FYSAS)

• FloridaDepartmentofLawEnforcement(FDLE)

• DrugEnforcementAgency

• FloridaAgencyforHealthCareAdministration

• FloridaOfficeofVitalStatistics

• FloridaPoisonControl

• FloridaDepartmentofHighwaySafetyandMotorVehicles(FDHSMV)

• BayCareBehavioralHealth

Introduction


January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Completed Pro�le of Alcohol and Drug Indicators Report for Pasco County.Attended the Suncoast Regional Prevention System Meeting.

Established ASAP prescription drug abuse committee.Supported SROs alcohol prevention presentation in Pasco County High Schools.

Provided Responsible Beverage Server Training, Fake ID identi�cation training, Compliance Checks training and Safe Festival Training to PSO and NPRPD.Attended the National Coalition Academy provided by CADCA and RCTA.

Conducted Open House Party Media Campaign. Hosted Town Hall Meeting on the dangers of underage drinking and alcohol abuse.Interviewed on 97X radio show. Created Facebook page.Administered Prescription Drug Abuse Survey to Pasco County residents.

Collected roughly 568.2 pounds of pills and 212

pounds of Sharps at a Prescription Drug Take Back day. Participated in 2 day evidence-based training Communities Mobilizing for Change on Alcohol (CMCA). Mentioned in several articles as Senator Fasano and Representative Legg work to implement a moratorium on pain clinics.

Hosted training for ASAP and community members on methadone maintenance. Surveyed ASAP membership to assess strengths, needs, and opportunities.Attended week 2 of the National Coalition Academy.

Conducted an executive committee strategic planning session utilizing member feedback to review and develop goals.

Participated in Back to School Events at Gulf View Square Mall. Partnered with PSO for Statewide Prescription Drug Tame Back Event.Collected over 800 pounds of pills and sharps.Participated in JoyFM radio interviews regarding Take Back events. Attended week 3 of the National Coalition Academy. Participated in DEA National prescription drug take

back event with PSO, DCPD, ZPD, NPRPD and PRPD.Collected a total of 481.1 pounds of pills and 64.9 pounds of sharps. Attended Florida’s State Prevention Conference.

Participated in NOPE Candle Light Vigil. Supported Red Ribbon Week. Produced 3 ASAP Billboards throughout high tra�c areas in Pasco. Developed ASAP Public Service Announcements which were aired for 3 months on WTOG-TV CW-44. Developed 16 page Back to School Newspaper in Education insert with PSO and PCSB Times and Pasco County Schools.

Sponsored �rst permanent drug collection site at the Dade City Police Department’s lobby.Completed Year 1 Drug Free Community Report. Held second Annual Meeting and released preliminary results from the ASAP Alcohol and Prescription Drug Survey. Accepted nominations for 2011 Board of Directors

Slate (voted in January).Completed requirements for the National Coalition Academy and RCTA �nal products turned in for �nal review before graduation in February 2011 at the National Leadership Institute in Washington D.C.

2010 Accomplishments/Successes


Criminal Justice Indicators

Table One. Alcohol- and Drug-Related Offense and Arrest Data

Pasco County Statewide

Indicator 2006 2007 2008 2009 2006 2007 2008 2009DUI Arrests 1,410 1,997 2,174 1,613 55,278 58,824 61,852 53,004

Drug / Narcotic Arrests 1,720 1,683 1,941 2,094 168,119 169,360 159,916 146,056

Liquor Law Violations1 38 30 69 130 32,137 34,898 33,084 37,715

Note. Uniform Crime Report (UCR) data retrieved through FDLE web site: http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/FSAC/data_statistics.asp.

1LiquorLawViolationsdefinition:Violationoflawsorordinancesprohibitingthemanufacture,sale,purchase,transportation,possessionoruseofintoxicatingalcoholicbeverages.

• DUIarrestsforPascoandFloridastatewideincreasedfrom2006to2008,peakingin2008thendecreasingin2009.

• PascoCounty’sdrug/narcoticarrestspeakedin2009,whereasFloridastatewideexperiencedreductionsinthisareafrom2007to2009.

• In2009Pasco’sliquorlawviolationsincreasedsubstantiallyfrom2007to2009,from30violationsin2007to130in2009.

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Figure One. Comparison of Pasco County DUI and Drug/Narcotic Arrests Figure Two. Pasco County Liquor Law Violations

http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/FSAC/data_statistics.asp


Table Two. Economic Costs of Underage Drinking in Florida by County1

County Total (in millions) % of Total County Total (in

millions) % of Total County Total (in millions) % of Total

Dade 460.6 15 Bay 31.4 1 Desoto 6.6 .2

Broward 258.7 8.4 Okaloosa 23.7 .77 Baker 5.3 .2

Orange 230.9 7.51 Clay 22.3 .7 Levy 5.3 1.26

Palm Beach 223 7.26 Charlotte 20.8 .7 Hardee 4.7 0

Duval 207 6.7 Saint Johns 20.4 .66 Taylor 4.4 .14

Hillsborough 205.1 .5 Putnam 20.2 .66 Bradford 4.3 .1

Pinellas 161 5.24 Hernando 19.8 .3 Gulf 3.3 .1

Lee 93.9 1.1 Santa Rosa 19.2 .63 Madison 3.2 .03

Brevard 88.3 2.9 Martin 17.3 1.46 Dixie 3.1 .1

Polk 86.6 2.82 Indian River 16.8 .1 Franklin 3 .1

Volusia 72.7 2.37 Monroe 15.4 .56 Wakulla 3 .1

Escambia 65.8 2.1 Nassau 15.3 .5 Jefferson 2.9 .3

Pasco 65.6 2.13 Citrus 14.9 .5 Holmes 2.5 6.7

Manatee 61.6 .1 Highlands 14.3 .6 Washington 2.5 .08

Sarasota 54.4 1.77 Columbia 12.1 .4 Calhoun 1.8 .1

Seminole 48.2 1.57 Flagler 10.4 .3 Gilchrist 1.5 0

Marion 45 2.01 Suwannee 9.3 .3 Hamilton 1.4 .1

Osceola 40.4 1.32 Jackson 9.1 .5 Glades 1.3 0

Collier 40.2 1.3 Hendry 8.9 .2 Union 1.3 .04

Leon 38.6 3.05 Sumter 7.6 .25 Liberty .8 .17

Alachua 38.3 1.2 Okeechobee 7.5 .24 Lafayette .3 .1

Saint Lucie 37.4 1.22 Gadsden 7.1 .2

Lake 33.7 .01 Walton 6.8 .22

Note: Data obtained from http://www.dcf.state.fl.us/mentalhealth/sa/prevention.shtml

1Totalestimatesatthecountylevelexcludealcoholdependenceandabusetreatmentcosts.

• CountieslocatedintheSuncoastandCentralregionsofthestategeneratedthelargestshareofthetotalstatewidecostattributedtounderagedrinking.Costsperyouthundertheageof21andperyouthbetweentheagesof14and20arehighestintheSuncoastregion,between$679and$2,021peryouth,respectively.ThecountieslocatedintheSuncoastregionareCharlotte,Collier,Desoto,Glades,Hendry,Hillsborough,Lee,Manatee,Pasco,Pinellas,andSarasota.

• PascoCountyisrated13outofthe67countiesintermsofcostsattributedtounderagedrinkingforthestateofFlorida;totalcostofunderagedrinking65.6million(2.13oftotal).

Criminal Justice Indicators


General Population Surveys: Adolescent Prevalence Rates

Table Three. Students Reporting Past 30-day Use of Selected Drugs

Pasco County Florida StatewideDrug Type 2004 2006 2008 2010 2004 2006 2008 2010

Any Alcohol 34.7% 33.5% 30.0% 29.2% 32.3% 32.0% 29.8% 28.8%

Binge drinking 18.7% 20.3% 15.8% 13.5% 16.0% 16.8% 14.8% 14.1%

Cigarettes 13.4% 12.8% 12.3% 11.8% 11.4% 10.6% 9.1% 8.8%

Smokeless tobacco 3.4% 5.2% --- --- 3.7% 4.6% --- ---

Marijuana 13.0% 13.6% 12.9% 14.8% 11.5% 11.4% 11.1% 13.0%

Inhalants 3.8% 5.2% 2.3% 3.1% 4.2% 3.9% 3.5% 3.2%

Any illicit drug 17.2% 17.4% 16.2% 19.4% 15.8% 15.0% 15.8% 18.0%

Any illicit except marijuana 9.4% 9.4% 8.4% 9.1% 8.0% 7.3% 8.9% 9.3%

Alcohol or any illicit drug 38.1% 37.0% 34.0% 34.6% 36.1% 35.4% 33.9% 34.1%

Prescription Pain Relievers 13.0% 12.0% 10.8% 3.0% 3.3% 3.2% 3.2% 2.9%

Prescription Amphetamines 3.0% 5.3% 2.7% 0.8% 1.3% 1.4% 1.2% 1.1%

Note. Data obtained from FYSAS, http://www.dcf.state.fl.us/mentalhealth/publications/fysas/

• SimilartoFlorida’sstatewiderates,PascoCounty’spastmonthuseofanyalcoholdecreasedfrom2004to2010.

• Consistentwithstatewiderates,in2010PascoCounty’spast30-dayuseratesofmarijuanaandanyillicitdrugusewereattheirpeak.

• Bingedrinkingdeclinedfrom20.3%in2006to13.5%in2010.

Figure Three. Past 30-day Use of Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drugs among Pasco County Students, 2010

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3.1 3 3 1.6 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.40

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http://www.dcf.state.fl.us/mentalhealth/publications/fysas/


Table Four. Pasco County Students Reporting Past 30-day Use of Selected Drugs

Middle School High SchoolDrug Type 2004 2006 2008 2010 2004 2006 2008 2010

Any alcohol 19.3% 16.6% 15.1% 16.2% 47.5% 46.4% 42.0% 39.3%

Binge drinking 8.6% 8.2% 6.0% 7.2% 26.8% 29.4% 23.7% 18.5%

Cigarettes 5.9% 6.8% 5.9% 5.8% 19.7% 17.5% 17.4% 16.6%

Smokeless tobacco 3.1% 3.5% --- --- 3.8% 6.4% 5.5% ---

Marijuana 4.9% 5.5% 4.7% 6.7% 19.4% 19.5% 19.5% 21.1%

Inhalants 5.7% 5.1% 3.8% 4.9% 2.3% 5.2% 1.1% 1.7%

Any illicit drug 11.6% 10.1% 8.6% 12.2% 21.6% 22.8% 22.3% 25.1%



Prescription pain relievers 1.8% 2.4% 3.2% 1.5% 9.5% 6.9% 3.8% 4.1%

Prescription amphetamines 1.4% .8% .6% .8% 1.5% 2.2% .8% .7%


• From2002–2008pastmonthalcoholuseandbingedrinkingdecreasedamongmiddleschoolstudentsthenincreasedin2010.

• Amonghighschoolstudents,2010hadthelowestratesforanyalcoholuse,bingedrinking,cigarettes,anyillicitexceptmarijuana,andprescriptionamphetamines.

• Past30-dayalcoholuseamonghighschoolstudentsdecreasedfrom47.5%in2004to39.3%in2010.

• Past30-daymarijuanauseamongmiddleschoolstudentsincreasedfrom4.9%in2004to6.7%in2010.

• Past30-dayinhalantuseamonghighschoolstudentsdecreasedfrom5.2%in2006to1.7%in2010.

Figure Four. Past 30-day Alcohol Use Pasco County 2004-2010 and Florida 2010

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Middle School High School Overall

County 2004

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County 2008

County 2010

Florida 2010





Figure Five. Past 30-day Binge Drinking Pasco County 2004-2010 and Florida 2010

The Pasco Sheriff’s Office, Dade City Police Department, ASAP, and SADD students from Centennial Middle School invited the community to participate in a Red Ribbon Week Kick Off event decorating the Historic Dade City Court House grounds.

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Table Five. Students Reporting Lifetime Use of Selected Drugs

Pasco County Florida StatewideDrug Type 2004 2006 2008 2010 2004 2006 2008 2010

Any alcohol 61.1% 57.6% 53.9% 53.1% 57.5% 56.1% 53.2% 51.5%

Cigarettes 38.0% 32.1% 30.4% 29.2% 34.0% 30.6% 23.0% 25.9%

Smokeless tobacco 10.5% 12.0% --- --- 9.6% 10.9% --- ---

Marijuana 27.6% 23.9% 23.5% 27.4% 23.5% 22.5% 21.1% 23.8%

Inhalants 12.2% 13.2% 10.4% 10.1% 12.9% 12.2% 11.4% 10.0%

Any illicit drug 34.9% 31.7% 31.3% 35.1% 31.9% 30.3% 30.4% 33.0%



Note. Data obtained from Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey (FYSAS) of middle and high school students, http://www.dcf.state.fl.us/mentalhealth/publications/fysas/

• From2004–2010fewerPascoCountystudentsreportedlifetimeuseofalcohol,andthisdownwardtrendwasalsoseeninFlorida’sstatewidedata.

• In2010,PascoCountyreporteditslowestratesforuseofalcohol,cigarettes,inhalants,andalcoholoranyillicitdrug.

• ConsistentwithFloridastatewide,PascoCountylifetimemarijuanauseincreasedfrom2008to2010.

Figure Six. Lifetime Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, and other Drugs among Pasco County Students, 2010

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10.1 97.1 5.6

3.6 3.3 2.6 2.3 1 1 10

10

20

30

40

50

60





Table Six. Pasco County Students Reporting Lifetime Use of Selected Drugs

Middle School High SchoolDrug Type 2004 2006 2008 2010 2004 2006 2008 2010

Any alcohol 42.1% 37.7% 35.2% 34.3% 77.0% 72.8% 69.1% 67.9%

Cigarettes 25.8% 19.5% 19.9% 18.5% 47.8% 41.7% 38.9% 37.6%

Smokeless tobacco 8.2% 8.3% --- --- 12.4% 14.8% 15.2% ---

Marijuana 12.2% 9.1% 9.3% 11.2% 39.9% 35.1% 34.8% 40.2%

Inhalants 13.4% 13.7% 11.3% 12.3% 10.8% 12.7% 9.8% 8.5%

Any illicit drug 23.1% 20.3% 19.8% 22.2% 44.2% 40.3% 40.6% 45.5%




• In2010PascoCountymiddleandhighschoolreportedtheirlowestlifetimeratesofalcoholuse.

• LifetimeratesofPascomiddleandhighschoolmarijuanaincreasedfrom2008to2010.

• Exceptforinhalants,lifetimeratesforalcoholanddrugusegenerallydoublefrommiddletohighschool.

ASAP sponsored Centennial Middle School’s SADD club in a social norming campaign bringing attention to the fact that 85% of Pasco County middle school students did not drink alcohol in the last 30 days.



Figure Seven. Alcohol Trends Summary for Pasco County 2004-2010

• Alcoholusecontinuestodecreaseastheharmassociatedwithuseincreases.

Figure Eight. Marijuana Trends Summary for Pasco County, 2004-2010

• Marijuanausehasseenanincreaseastheharmassociatedwithusedecreases

• Perceivedriskofharmassociatedwithmarijuanausedecreasedfrom32%in2008to25.3%in2010.

13

13.6 12.9 14.814.1

13.611.8

13.8

26.9

33.932

25.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2004 2006 2008 2010

Past 30-Day Use Use by Age 13 Great Risk of Harm

34.733.5

30 29.2

20.3

37.4

36.3 33.8

27

31

36.639.2 40.4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

2004 2006 2008 2010

Past 30-day UseBinge DrinkingUse by Age 13Great Risk of Harm

18.7 15.8

13.5



Table Seven. Pasco County and Florida Statewide High School Students Who Started Using Alcohol, Cigarettes, or Marijuana at Age 13 or Younger

High School Student MeasurePasco County Florida Statewide

2004 2006 2008 2010 2004 2006 2008 2010More than a sip or two of alcohol 37.4% 36.3% 33.8% 27.0% 36.8% 35.0% 32.3% 27.1%

Drinking at least once a month 5.8% 8.1% 6.2% 5.6% 7.1% 6.7% 5.9% 5.8%

Cigarettes 27.1% 26.6% 24.7% 21.0% 28.7% 23.9% 19.9% 17.1%

Marijuana 14.1% 13.6% 11.8% 13.8% 13.5% 12.5% 10.6% 11.3%


• TheratesofPascoCountyandFloridastatewidehighschoolstudentswhostartedusingalcoholandcigarettesatorbeforeage13generallydecreasedfrom2004-2010.

• Conversely,thosewhostartedusingmarijuanaatage13oryoungerincreasedfrom2008to2010forPascoCountyandFloridastatewide.

Table Eight. Pasco County Students Reporting Past 12 Month Drug-Related Behavior

Drug-Related BehaviorMiddle School High School

2004 2006 2008 2010 2004 2006 2008 2010Selling drugs 2.6% 1.8% 3.4% 3.5% 8.9% 9.8% 7.8% 10.0%

Drunk or high at school 6.1% 8.7% 6.7% 9.7% 20.2% 23.1% 17.1% 18.4%


• From2004–2006therewasasteadydecreaseinthepercentageofPascoCountymiddleschoolstudentswhoreportedsellingdrugs,butthispeakedin2010.Ratesofmiddleschoolstudentswhoreportedbeingdrunkorhighatschooldecreasedin2008thenincreasedin2010.

• Forhighschoolstudents,bothsellingdrugsandbeingdrunkorhighatschoolwerelowestin2008thenincreasedin2010.

ASAP sponsors billboards and conducts presentations to reduce the number of Pasco County high school students who drink in their home or another person’s home (see figure 10).





Figure Nine. Usual Source of Alcohol within the past 30-days among High School Drinkers, Pasco County 2010

Figure Ten. Usual Drinking Location within the past 30-days among High School Drinkers, Pasco County 2010

3.81.9 0.7

24.7

41.1

1

8.6

18.2

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Bought in a store

Bought in a restaurant, bar, or club

Bought at a public event

Someone bought it

for me

Someone gave it to

me

Took it from a store

Took it from a family

member

Some other way

24.4

49.4

1.5 2.6 3.1 2.4 1.3

15.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

My Home Another Person's

Home

Car or Other

Vehicle

Restaurant, Bar, or Club

Public Place Public Event

School Property

Some Other Place



Figure Eleven. Comparisons of Past 12-month Delinquent Behavior for Pasco County and Florida Statewide 2010

Figure Twelve. Bullying-related Behaviors among Pasco County Middle and High School Students, 2010

4.9

7.2

2.6

4.5

0.6

13.1

10.5

14.5

4.96.3

2.2

4.8

1

14.7

10.6

12.9

02

4

6

8

10

12

14

16Middle School High School

31.6

4.7

21.9

41.7

7.9

14.3

23.2

4.8

18.3

6.69.6

21.3

10.58

16

5.6

05

1015202530354045

Middle School High School



Mortality Data

Table Nine. Pasco and Pinellas Counties Drug-Related Deaths by Lethal/Non-Lethal Levels

DrugsLethal Levels: Drug Was Cause of Death Non-Lethal Levels: Drug Was Present

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Alprazolam 34 34 37 62 109 58 84 137 188 158

Diazepam 120 10 11 7 67 59 82 92 138 51

Oxycodone 43 96 131 209 197 41 56 58 99 96

Hydrocodone 25 33 24 43 45 42 66 68 69 70

Methadone 69 101 85 90 117 21 19 30 28 26

Morphine 36 34 48 30 36 15 12 16 19 41

Propoxyphene 16 7 14 6 7 18 42 26 38 23

Cocaine 59 104 94 66 72 79 81 79 88 67

Heroin 12 6 11 3 8 1 1 1 2 1

Note. Lethal levels indicate overdoses in which the drug was the cause of death, whereas non-lethal levels indicate instances in which the drug was merely present. Florida Department of Law Enforcement, 2004 Report of Drugs Identified in Deceased Persons by Florida Medical Examiners, June 2008: http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/publications/Examiners/2008MERDrugReport.pdf

• Thenumberoflocaldeaths(lethallevel)causedbyalprazolam,diazepam,hydrocodone,methadone,morphine,propoxyphene,cocaine,andheroinincreasedfrom2008-2009.

• Thenumberoflocaldeaths(non-lethallevel)associatedwithalprazolam,diazepam,oxycodone,methadone,propoxyphene,cocaine,andheroindecreasedfrom2008-2009.

Table Ten. Pasco and Pinellas Counties Drug-Related Deaths by Age and Lethal/Non-Lethal Levels (2009)

DrugsLethal Levels:

Drug Was Cause of DeathNon-Lethal Levels:Drug Was Present

<25 26-34 35-50 >50 <25 26-34 35-50 >50

Alprazolam 17 28 48 16 28 29 62 39

Oxycodone 29 43 81 44 11 19 40 26

Methadone 18 27 53 19 6 3 13 4

Cocaine 5 17 29 21 7 10 36 14

Note. Lethal levels indicate overdoses in which the drug was the cause of death, whereas non-lethal levels indicate instances in which the drug was merely present. Florida Department of Law Enforcement, 2004 Report of Drugs Identified in Deceased Persons by Florida Medical Examiners, June 2008: http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/publications/Examiners/2008MERDrugReport.pdf.

• Thenumberoflocaldeaths(lethallevel)causedbyalprazolam,oxycodone,methadone,andcocainewashighestforthe35-50agegroup.

• Similartocauseoflocaldeathforlethallevels,thenumberofdeaths(non-lethallevel)associatedwithalprazolam,oxycodone,methadone,andcocainewashighestforthe35-50agegroup.

http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/publications/Examiners/2008MERDrugReport.pdf

http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/publications/Examiners/2008MERDrugReport.pdf.


Figure Thirteen. Comparison of Pasco County Drug-Related Deaths by Non-Lethal Level

Figure Fourteen. Comparison of Pasco County Drug-Related Deaths by Lethal Level

58

84

137

188

158

41 5658

9996

21 1930 28 26

7981

7988

67

0

50

100

150

200

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

# D

eath

sAlprazalom Oxycodone Methadone Cocaine

34 34 3762

109

43

96

131

209

197

69

101

85

90117

59

10494

66 72

0

50

100

150

200

250

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

# D

eath

s

Alprazalom Oxycodone Methadone Cocaine

Mortality Data

www.floridacharts.com


Table Eleven. 2009 Pasco and Pinellas Counties Drug-Related Deaths by Lethal/Non-Lethal Levels

DrugsLethal Levels: Drug was Cause of Death Non-Lethal Levels: Drug was Cause of Death

Pasco Pinellas Pasco PinellasAlprazolam 54 55 57 101Diazepam 24 43 19 32Oxycodone 67 130 41 55Hydrocodone 14 31 30 40Methadone 59 58 12 14Morphine 12 24 16 25Propoxyphene 3 4 7 16Heroin 1 7 0 1

Note. Lethal levels indicate overdoses in which the drug was the cause of death, whereas non-lethal levels indicate instances in which the drug was merely present. Florida Department of Law Enforcement, 2004 Report of Drugs Identified in Deceased Persons by Florida Medical Examiners, June 2008: http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/publications/Examiners/2008MERDrugReport.pdf.

• In2009oxycodonewasthedrugmostcommonlyfoundinlethallevelsbybothPascoandPinellasCountyMedicalExaminers.

• Alprazolam(Xanax)wasthedrugmostcommonlyfoundinnon-lethallevelsbyPascoandPinellasCountyMedicalExaminersin2009.

• PascoCountyishigherinpercapitadrug-relateddeaths.

“My daughter was in her third year at the University of Tampa and became involved with Prescription Drugs. In the early stages, Oxycontin, Soma, and Xanax ; at the end of her addiction, Dilaudid, Morphine, and Methadone—actually anything she could obtain off the streets of New Port Richey. She never had a prescription! We detoxed her on five different occasions and were able to treat the physical effects of addiction, but not the mental effects. She eventually was arrested, jailed and court ordered into a residential program. These events saved her life...she saved her life. She is doing well and has been drug free for 2 years now. My daughter is alive, there are others who are not so fortunate. We need to continue to raise awareness, educate, and prevent this horrible epidemic.”

Table Twelve. Substance-exposed Newborns by County of Residence

Drugs 2005 2006 2007 2008

Pasco 5 20 36 50

Pinellas 22 32 38 70

Note. Data obtained from The Florida Agency for Health Care Administration (AHCA)

• PinellasandPascoCountiesranked1and2respectivelyforthenumberofsubstance-exposednewborns.

• ThenumberofinfantstreatedforwithdrawalsymptomsinFloridahospitalsincreased173%between2006and2009;635caseswerereportedinthefirsthalfof2010.

Mortality Data

http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/publications/Examiners/2008MERDrugReport.pdf.


Mortality Data

Table Thirteen. ARCOS Prescription Drug Distribution Data for Pasco County

Number of grams distributed

Drugs 2004 2005 2006Amphetamines (Total) 62384 58203 75122 DL-Amphetamine Base 9047 8866 11593 D-Amphetamine Base 11543 10831 13970 D-Methamphetamine 7.6 0 14.8 Methylphenidate 41786 38505 49544Opiates/Painkillers (Total) 485007 513599 662572 Buprenorphine 0 369 941 Oxycodone 165755 175119 267898 Hydromorphone 3828 5062 5816 Hydrocodone 126852 151059 173680 Meperidine 21526 17694 16223 Methadone 30438 31512 42172 Morphine 74308 72106 93319 Fentanyl Base 1679 1424 1789 Codeine 60622 59253 60736Other Cocaine 116.6 95.9 92.4

Note. Data obtained from ARCOS retail drug distribution summary report: http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/arcos/retail_drug_summary/index.html

• Numberofgramsdistributedincreasedfrom2004to2006forallfourtypesofamphetamines;methylphenidatebeingthehighestat49544grams.

• Numberofgramsdistributedincreasedfrom2004to2006foreightoftheninetypesofopiates/painkillers;oxycodonebeingthehighestat267898gramsfollowedbyhydrocodoneat173680grams.

Pasco Sheriff’s Office (pictured above) conducted three Pill Drop events from May – September 2010 and collected over 2,000 pounds of medication and sharps.

http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/arcos/retail_drug_summary/index.html


Table Fourteen. Pasco County Suicide Deaths by Age Group

Age Group 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

10-14 0 0 0 0 0 0

15-19 2 1 2 1 1 3

20-24 2 1 8 5 3 3

25-34 7 8 8 4 14 12

35-44 15 13 12 16 18 21

45-54 22 17 17 26 19 24

55-64 8 7 22 14 13 3

65-74 6 7 12 8 10 6

75-84 7 8 3 9 7 5

85+ 2 3 1 2 5 3

Total 71 65 85 85 91 90

Note. Florida Vital Statistics Annual Report 2000-2006, Table D-11, extracted 8-5-08.

• Pascosuicidedeathspeakedin2006,particularlyforthoseaged55-64years.

Table Fifteen. Suicide Attempts Using Poisons or Medications in Pasco County by Age Group (FL Poison Information Center-Tampa)

Age Group 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

10-14 12 15 10 14 17 13 17 5 8 11

15-19 36 56 41 50 55 45 57 69 55 38

20-24 28 37 39 31 32 37 40 44 39 66

25-34 87 66 65 59 66 64 93 85 91 102

35-44 91 90 76 73 61 90 70 91 86 115

45-54 53 57 51 47 52 61 80 86 93 87

55-64 12 21 17 16 16 18 24 29 36 34

65-74 5 7 7 4 3 8 16 9 8 7

75-84 5 5 2 3 4 3 6 4 3 1

85+ 0 1 4 0 0 2 1 2 2 3

Total 329 355 312 297 308 341 404 424 421 464

Notes.

Only 20 of these people who attempted suicide died. Their ages ranged from 31 – 84 years old. Seventeen died by medication overdose, three by chemicals.

Data obtained from Florida Poison Control

• Pascosuicideattemptsusingpoisonsormedicationspeakedin2010.

• From2001to2010Pascosuicideattemptsusingpoisonsormedicationsweremostcommonamongthose25to54yearsofage.

Mortality Data


Table Sixteen. Alcohol-Related Crashes, Injuries, and Fatalities

DHSMV Data1 Pasco County Florida StatewideIndicator 2006 2007 208 2009 2006 2007 2008 2009

Crashes 593 555 544 477 22,858 22,823 22,259 20,085

Injuries 539 496 422 412 16,319 16,208 15,736 14,130

Fatalities 38 40 36 28 1,099 1,244 1,169 1,004

TOTAL 1,170 1,091 1,002 917 40,276 40,275 39,164 35,219

Note. Data obtained from Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles, http://www.hsmv.state.fl.us/

• PascoCountyhassteadilydecreasedalcohol-relatedinjuriesandcrashesfrom2006–2009.

Figure Fifteen. Pasco County Alcohol-Related Crashes and Injuries

Figure Sixteen. Pasco County Alcohol-Related Crashes

593555 544

477539

496422 412

0100200300400500600700800

2006 2007 2008 2009

Indi

cato

rs

CrashesInjuries

38 4036

280

25

50

75

100

125

150

2006 2007 2008 2009

# D

eath

s

Mortality Data

http://www.hsmv.state.fl.us/


Treatment Data

Table Seventeen. Admission to Pasco County Substance Abuse Treatment

Pasco CountyFY 2006/2007 FY 2007/2008 FY 2008/2009 FY 2009/2010

Adults

Residential 53 50 53 85

Outpatient 460 526 749 1092

Detox 446 477 508 734

Youth

Residential 48 45 36 65

Outpatient 112 109 161 97

Note. Data obtained from BayCare Behavioral Health

• BayCareBehavioralHealthadultoutpatientadmissionsincreasedfrom2006/2007to2009/2010;duringthistimeframeadultresidentialadmissionspeakedin2009/2010.

• Youthresidentialadmissionsnearlydoubledfrom2008/2009to2009/2010.

Figure Seventeen. Adult Admissions to Pasco County Substance Abuse Providers

53 50 5385

460526

749

1092

446477

508

0100200300400500600700800900

10001100

FY 06-07 FY 07-08 FY 08-09 FY 09-10

# A

dmis

sion

s

Residential Outpatient Detox

734


Table Eighteen. Admission Data on Drug of Choice for Adults in Pasco County

Drug of Choice

Adult Drug of ChoiceFY 2009/2010

Primary Secondary Tertiary

Opiates 566 173 58

Alcohol 246 67 46

Marijuana 145 141 59

Crack 81 83 42

Methamphetamine 35 5 8

Minor tranquilizers 37 92 67

Other 22 17 20

TOTAL 1132 578 300

Note. Data obtained from the Baycare Behavioral Health Network

• Foradults,opiateswastheprimarydrugofchoicein2009/2010,followedbyalcoholandmarijuana.

Table Nineteen. Admission Data on Drug of Choice for Youth in Pasco County

Drug of Choice

Youth Drug of ChoiceFY 2009/2010

Primary Secondary Tertiary

Marijuana 97 17 6

Opiates 21 29 39

Alcohol 6 47 14

Crack 1 6 4

Methamphetamine 1 1 2

Minor tranquilizers 0 0 0

Other 2 3 9

TOTAL 128 103 74

Note. Data obtained from the Baycare Behavioral Health Network

• Foryouth,marijuanawastheprimarydrugofchoicein2009/2010,followedbyopiatesandalcohol

Treatment Data

BayCareBehavioralHealthYouthOpiateAbuseTreatmentTrends:

• PrimarydrugofchoiceisOxycontin(30mg),followedbyXanax.

• Primaryrouteofdelivery:crushingandinhaling,followedbyanequalamountoforalandthroughneedleuse(shootingup).ThisisforbothOxycontinandXanax.

• Approximately80%obtainfrom“friends”oradultswhoselloffthestreets.

• Approximately20%stealfromaparentorfamilymemberwhoisprescribed.

• Approximately75%ofyouthtakingpillshavedroppedoutofschool.VeryfewareenrolledinGEDprograms.

• Approximately30%ofyouthparticipatingintreatmentareinvolvedwiththechildwelfaresystem.


Appendix A: Results from 2010 Pasco County Alcohol Policy and Prescription Drug Use Survey

In2010ASAPconducteda survey toassess thecommunity’sattitudes towards localalcoholpoliciesandpatternsofprescriptiondruguse.Thesurveywasadministeredbothinhardcopyandonline,andfeedbackwasobtainedfrom457PascoCountyresidents.Resultsarehighlightedbelow:

PERSONALINVOLVEMENT

• Mostrespondents(70%)reportedthatthey,afamilymember,oraclosefriendhadadrinkingproblem.

• Half(50%)ofrespondentsindicatedthatthey,afamilymember,oraclosefriendwereaddictedtoprescriptiondrugs.

• Nearlyhalf(45%)ofrespondentsindicatedthattheyknewsomeonewhodiedofaprescriptiondrugoverdose.

LOCALATTITUDESTOWARDSUNDERAGEDRINKING

• Only15%indicatedthatitisokayforunderagepersonstoconsumealcohol,andonly9%reportedthatitisokayforadultstoprovidealcoholtoindividualsunderage21.

• Mostrespondents(61%)reportedthattheywere“veryconcerned”aboutunderagedrinking,and86%were“veryconcerned”aboutdrunkdriving.

• Mostrespondentsindicatedthatthey“stronglyfavored”thefollowingpolicies:{ 72%stronglyfavoradditionalDUIlawenforcementoperations.

{ 64%stronglyfavorhavingfamilyzonesatpubliceventswherealcoholisnotallowed.

LOCALATTITUDESTOWARDSPRESCRIPTIONDRUGUSE

• Only23%ofrespondentsindicatedthatPascoCountyhassufficientresourcestoaddressprescriptiondrugabuse.

• Mostrespondentsreportedthattheywere“veryconcerned”aboutthefollowingprescriptiondrugproblems:

{ 78%veryconcernedaboutprescriptiondrugabuse

{ 77%veryconcernedaboutphysiciansprescribinglargeramountsofaddictivemedicationsthannecessary

{ 75%veryconcernedaboutprescriptiondrugoverdosedeaths

{ 71%veryconcernedaboutdrivingundertheinfluenceofprescriptiondrugs

• Mostrespondentsindicatedthatthey“stronglyfavored”thefollowingpolicies:

{ 75%stronglyfavoradditionalpainclinicregulations

{ 71%stronglyfavorstricterpenaltiesforpossessionofnarcoticmedicationswithoutaprescription

{ 66%stronglyfavoramoratorium(delayorsuspension)onnewpainclinics


LOCALFACTORSAFFECTINGALCOHOLANDPRESCRIPTIONDRUGABUSE

• RespondentsindicatedthatthefollowingweretheleadingfactorsthatcontributetoalcoholandprescriptiondrugabuseinPascoCounty:

{ Notenougheducationofprescriptiondrugabuseconsequencestoyouthandadults

{ Prescriptionsforalargequantityofpills

{ Toomanypainclinics

{ Nomechanismtotrackmultipleprescriptionstooneperson

{ Lackofsubstanceabusetreatmentoptionsfortheuninsured

{ Lackofalternativetreatmentsforchronicpain

COMMUNITYIMPACTOFALCOHOLANDPRESCRIPTIONDRUGABUSE

• Over65%ofrespondentsindicatedthatunderagedrinkingandprescriptiondrugabusecontribute“alot”tothefollowinglocalproblems:

{ Vandalism

{ Fights

{ Familyviolence

{ Trafficcrashes



Results

Demographics Table 1: Demographics (N = 457) N %

Gender Male 121 28% Female 306 72% Age Group 17 and younger 22 5% 18 to 20 34 8% 21 to 24 19 4% 25 to 34 89 21% 35 to 44 87 20% 45 to 54 109 26% 55 to 64 51 12% 65 or over 17 4% Race/Ethnicity Caucasian/White 350 82% African-American/Black 15 4% Native American 4 1% Pacific Islander/Asian 2 1% Multicultural 10 2% Hispanic/Latino 44 10% Marital Status Single 115 27% Living with partner 32 8% Married 220 52% Separated 12 3% Divorced 40 9% Widowed 7 2% Education Less than high school 26 6% High school diploma or GED 51 12% Some college, but no degree 142 33% Undergraduate college degree 78 18% Graduate college degree 131 31% Age of children living at home No children 187 41% 0 – 10 years old 114 25% 11 – 17 years old 119 26% 18 – 20 years old 51 11% Adult child(ren) living at home 46 10%




Table 2: Demographics (continued) N %

Have you, a family member, or a close friend: Ever had a drinking problem 293 70% Ever been seriously injured in an accident involving a drunk driver 140 33% It is acceptable for those under age 21 to drink (Yes) 61 15% It is okay for parents to provide alcohol to their underage children (Yes) 38 9% You know parents who lock up their alcohol to prevent teens from trying it (Yes) 130 31% You think any drinking is acceptable before driving (Yes) 58 14% Your doctor/pharmacist spends adequate time on prescription safety when prescribing (Yes) 178 43% Taking prescription drugs is acceptable before driving (Yes) 162 39% You or a family member or a close friend were addicted to a prescription medication 210 50% Know someone who died from a prescription overdose (Yes) 190 45% Pasco County is doing enough to address prescription drug abuse (Yes) 68 17% Pasco County has enough resources to address prescription drug abuse (Yes) 91 23% Prescription drugs are much safer than illegal drugs, even if not prescribed (Yes) 20 5% Prescription narcotics (Oxycodone, Vicodin, Percocet, etc.) are addictive (Yes) 407 97% Xanax is addictive (Yes) 390 94% Your doctor talked to you about how medication(s) will interact with each other and alcohol (Yes) 199 48% It is acceptable to take someone else’s prescribed medication (Yes) 23 6% You have spoken to your child about prescription drug abuse (Yes) 196 75%

Concerns about Alcohol and Prescription Drug Problems Table 3: Concerns about Alcohol and Prescription Drug Problems

How concerned are you about the following: Not at all

Concerned A Little

Concerned Somewhat Concerned

Very Concerned

Underage drinking 2% 11% 26% 61% Drunk driving 1% 2% 11% 86% Prescription drug abuse 1% 3% 18% 78% Driving under the influence of prescription drugs 2% 7% 20% 71% Prescription overdoses 2% 6% 19% 74% Prescription overdose deaths 2% 5% 18% 75% Physicians prescribing larger amounts of addictive prescription drugs than necessary 1% 7% 15% 77% People crushing their prescriptions before ingesting them 9% 14% 24% 52% People snorting or injecting prescription drugs 3% 9% 19% 69%

Alcohol and Prescription Drug Policies Table 4: Alcohol and Prescription Drug Policies How strongly would you favor or oppose the following alcohol and prescription drug policies:

Strongly Oppose

Somewhat Oppose

Somewhat Favor

Strongly Favor

Not Sure

At public events, having family zones where alcohol is not allowed 2% 5% 24% 64% 4% Additional DUI law enforcement operations 2% 5% 16% 72% 4% Retail compliance checks (checks of alcohol retailers insuring compliance with alcohol laws) 3% 2% 24% 53% 19% Party patrol operations (social hosting) 5% 8% 27% 39% 21% Additional law enforcement operations (excluding DUI enforcement) 3% 6% 24% 61% 6% Moratorium (delay or suspension) on new pain clinics 3% 6% 17% 66% 8% Additional pain clinic regulations 3% 3% 14% 75% 5% Stricter penalties for possession of narcotic medications without a prescription 4% 6% 14% 71% 4% Family physicians talking about your alcohol use at each visit 5% 9% 28% 51% 7%


The Impact of Alcohol and Prescription Drugs on Pasco County Table 5: Local Impact of Alcohol and/or Prescription Drugs

How much do alcohol and/or prescription drug abuse contribute the following in Pasco County:

Not at All A Little Some A Lot

Not Sure

Negative reputation or image of the community 4% 5% 25% 61% 5% Vandalism or property damage 2% 4% 23% 68% 4% Fights 1% 4% 24% 68% 3% Family violence 1% 2% 18% 76% 2% Traffic crashes 1% 3% 23% 69% 4% Unemployment rates 2% 8% 31% 53% 7%

Local Factors Affecting Alcohol and Prescription Drug Abuse in Pasco County Table 6: Factors Affecting Alcohol and/or Prescription Drug Abuse How much do the following contribute to alcohol and/or prescription drug abuse in Pasco County?

Not at All A Little Some A Lot

Not Sure

Not enough enforcement of illegal sale of alcohol 6% 13% 34% 38% 9% Not enough enforcement of the illegal sale of prescription drugs 3% 8% 26% 59% 5% Not enough education of underage drinking consequences to youth 4% 9% 34% 50% 3% Not enough education of underage drinking consequences to adults 5% 8% 30% 53% 4% Not enough education of prescription drug abuse consequences to youth 3% 5% 23% 67% 2% Not enough education of prescription drug abuse consequences to adults 3% 7% 23% 64% 3% Low public awareness of underage drinking issues 5% 9% 37% 44% 5% Low public awareness of prescription drug issues 3% 7% 27% 59% 4% No oversight of doctors 3% 7% 31% 50% 8% Too many pain clinics 4% 8% 18% 62% 8% Lack of alternative treatments for chronic pain 3% 6% 23% 62% 6% Lack of treatment options for uninsured in need of rehab or other addiction treatment 2% 5% 21% 66% 7% No mechanism to track multiple prescriptions to one person 2% 5% 18% 69% 6% Unsecured medications in the home 3% 7% 32% 52% 6% Unsecured alcohol in the home 3% 11% 30% 49% 7% Prescriptions for a large quantity of pills 3% 8% 20% 63% 6% Lack of awareness on how to dispose unused or expired medications 4% 11% 27% 51% 6% Lack of resources to dispose unused or expired medications 4% 12% 27% 50% 7%



Appendix B: Pasco County Last Drink Assessment

PascoCountyconductstheLastDrinkSurveywithitsDUIoffendersinordertolearnmoreaboutthemandthecircumstancessurroundingthedrinkingincidentthatleadtotheirDUIarrest.Responseswerecollectedfrom113PascoCountyDUIoffenders.Mostrespondentsweremale(73%) and Caucasian (87%). Respondents most commonly indicated that they were betweentheagesof30-39(27%)or40-49(21%),thoughunderagepersons(4%)werealsorepresented.Aslightmajority(51%)indicatedthattheywereinthefirst-timeoffenderprogram,andlessthanhalf(45%)indicatedthattheywererequiredtoparticipateinsubstanceabusetreatment.

DUIarrestsmostcommonlyoccurredonaThursday(23%),Friday(16%),orSaturday(27%).RespondentstypicallyreportedBAClevelsof.15orgreater(36%),with21%refusingtoblowintothebreathalyzer.Respondentstypicallyindicatedthattheyhadonlydrivenonetofivemiles(66%)aftertheir lastdrinkbeforebeingarrested,andtheyweremostoftenstoppedbyPascoCountySheriff’sOffice(48%).Mostrespondentsindicatedthattherewasnopassenger(62%)inthecarwhentheywerepulledover,andmost(82%)didnotinvolveatrafficcrash.

Themostcommonlocationofthelastdrinkwasreportedasaclub,bar,orrestaurant(53%),andmostindividuals(53%)reportedthattheydidnotthinkaboutbeingarrestedforaDUIontheday/nightoftheevent.



Last Drink Assessment Survey Results

Table 1: Demographics (N = 113) N %

Gender Male 82 73% Female 31 27% Age Group 20 and younger 5 4% 21 to 25 10 9% 26 to 29 13 12% 30 to 39 31 27% 40 to 49 24 21% 50 to 59 19 17% 60 or over 11 10% Race/Ethnicity White 98 87% Black 2 2% Hispanic 6 5% Asian/Pacific Islander 4 4% Native American 2 2% Multi-Racial 1 1%

Table 2: Last Drink Survey Information* N %

Are you in the: First time offender program 58 51% Multiple offender program 55 49% Were you required to do substance abuse treatment? (Yes) 46 45% Were you arrested for DUI because of your use of: (check only one answer) Alcohol only 95 86% Illegal and/or prescription drugs only 7 6% Combination of alcohol and drugs 8 7% How many times have you been arrested for DUI, including this arrest? 1-2 101 89% 3-4 12 11% 5 or more 0 0% Day of arrest: Sunday 9 9% Monday 9 9% Tuesday 8 8% Wednesday 9 9% Thursday 23 23% Friday 16 16% Saturday 27 27% For alcohol-related arrests, what was your blood alcohol level (BAC)? .05-.07 9 13% .08-.10 7 11% .11-.12 7 11% .13-.14 6 9% .15 or greater 24 36% Refusal 14 21% On the day of your arrest, what was the total number of alcoholic drinks you had that day? 1-2 18 19% 3-4 29 31% 5 or more 42 45% Drugs only 4 4%



Table 2: Last Drink Survey Information (continued) N %

Approximately how many miles did you drive from the location of your last drink before being stopped by law enforcement?

1-5 59 66% 6-10 11 12% 11-15 5 6% 16 or more 14 16% What law enforcement agency stopped you? Local Police department 24 21% Pasco Sheriff’s Office 54 48% Florida Highway Patrol 17 15% Other 18 16% Did you have any passengers in the vehicle with you when stopped? (Yes) 27 20% Did your DUI arrest involve a traffic crash? (Yes) 20 18% What was the location of your last drink before you were arrested? Your own residence 9 9% At someone else’s residence 9 9% At a club, bar, restaurant 8 8% At a special event 9 9% Other 23 23% If your last drink before you were arrested was at a residence, were there more than 10 people there? (Yes)

9 26%

If your last drink before you were arrested was at a residence, would you consider it a house party? (Yes)

4 13%

Were individuals under the age of 21 served alcohol? (Yes) 3 9% County of last drink Pasco 46 60% Hillsborough 15 20% Hernando 2 3% Pinellas 13 17% Other 1 1% Was proof of age required by bartender/server? (Yes) 24 47% At the location you were drinking right before you were arrested, how many hours were you there?

0-3 46 55% 4-6 25 30% 7 or more 12 15% At the location you were drinking right before you were arrested, what type of drinks did you have?

Beer 50 49% Wine 2 2% Shots of alcohol 24 24% Mixed drinks 23 23% Energy drinks 3 3% Did any of the following occur at the location of your last drink prior to your arrest: (check all that apply)

Someone suggested I take a bus/taxi 2 8% Someone encouraged me to call a friend/family member to pick you up 1 4% Someone tried to take my car keys to prevent me from driving 2 8% Someone offered to call a cab 1 4% Someone offered to give me a ride 5 10% Someone recommended that I wait before driving 6 23% Someone recommended that I not drive 9 35% On the day/night of your arrest, were you drinking at any other location before the location of your last drink? (Yes)

15 14%

On the day/night of your arrest, were you using any drugs, besides alcohol (check all that apply) Prescription drugs 16 17% Marijuana 6 6% Cocaine 3 3% Other 1 1% None 68 72%



Table 2: Last Drink Survey Information (continued) N %

What has been the greatest consequence of your being arrested/convicted for DUI? Impact on job 17 9% Impact on family 33 17% Loss of driver’s license 51 26% Financial costs 50 26% Having the conviction on my record 24 12% Jail time 15 8% Other 4 2% What do you think would help prevent people from getting a DUI? (check all that apply) Fines/arrest for people that host underage drinking parties 28 15% No/fewer drinking games at parties 18 10% No/fewer drinking games at bars/clubs 17 9% No/fewer drink specials at bars/clubs 19 10% More availability of food at bars/clubs 23 12% Training bar/club employees on responsible alcohol service 34 18% Bartenders using only measured amounts of alcohol (shots) so drinkers can accurately know how much they have had to drink

15 8%

Security personnel at bars/clubs that pay attention and deal with intoxicated customers 32 17% *Note: Some responses do not add up to total since there were some missing data.


Appendix C: DUI Crashes


Appendix C: DUI Crashes


For more information about Pasco County’s Alliance for Substance Abuse Prevention or the Profile of Alcohol and Drug Indicators, please contact:

ASAP

P.O. Box 3007

Land O’Lakes, FL 34639

(727) 597-2284

www.pascoasap.com

[email protected]

AcknowledgementsThisresearchprojectwasconductedaspart

of a community substance abuse assessmenton behalf of the Pasco County Alliance forSubstance Abuse Prevention (ASAP). Wewould like to express our appreciation toKathleen A. Moore, Ph.D. and M. ScottYoung, Ph.D., from the Department ofMental Health Law and Policy, Louis de laParteFloridaMentalHealthInstitute,at theUniversity of South Florida for their workto coordinate the assessment and evaluationof the substance abuse indicators for PascoCounty. Several local agencies contributeddata, including the Pasco County DistrictSchoolBoard,PascoCountySheriff’sOffice,and BayCare Behavioral Health. Finally,thanks to Carrie Wagner for her assistancewith the graphic design and layout of thisreport.


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