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Experience of Sendai Microgrid and Next Challenge
November 2014
Keiichi HIROSE
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
1Outline
1. The Great East Japan Earthquake and
Sendai Microgrid
2. Our smart community project by DC power
3. Summary
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
2The Great East Japan Earthquake
The Great East Japan Earthquake
on March 11, 2011
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
3Advanced Power Supply System against “3.11 disaster”
Source: http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/the-smarter-grid/a-microgrid-that-wouldnt-quit/0
The TOHOKU region pacific
coast earthquake,
March 11, 2011
SENDAI microgrid
by NTT FACILITIES
Long duration outage area
caused by the disaster.
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
4SENDAI Microgrid System
Servers
Lightings
Fans
1 mega-watt microgrid system in university campus
PV panels
AC grid power
Gas Gen
Fuel cells
Natural gas
(City gas)Batteries
High quality power supply
for mission critical loads
Renewable energy
(Solar)
PV panels
Fuel cells
Power
converters
& batteries
Gas Gen-sets
Supported by NEDO
FY 2005-08
Power
converte
rs
We constructed micro grid in Sendai city to supply high quality power for
mission critical loads.
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
5Layout of “Sendai micro-grid”
Area of Sendai city
App. 500 m
Coverage area
Power route
Buildings
Road
legend
Hospital【C-Class Load】
Dormitory / Training Center【Normal Quality】
Connecting Point with Utility Grid
Nursing Care Facilities【B3-Class Load】
High school【B2-Class Load】
Nursing Care Facilities【B1-Class Load】
Dormitory【Normal Quality】
University / Laboratory【A-Class Load】
Control Center【DC Power Load】
Area of high school
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
6Condition of Supplying Power during March 11
Date
in 2011March 11 March 12 March 13 March 14
Utility Grid
GasG
DC
AC level A
AC level
B1
AC level
B3
PV
The system continued to supply DC, A, B1without any interruptions
for batteries and PV generation system.
GasG supplied power for 43 hours during outage.
Grid Connection
▼14:47:10 Voltage collapse Grid
OutageOutage
▼8:16:43 Grid Recover
Stop Islanding operation
Supply from GasGOutage
Outage
Outage
▼Disconnect ▼About 12:00 GE started. (Islanding operation)
▼About 14:00 Dispatch Start (for customer needs)
▼02:06 Stopped manually
Supply from
BatterySupply from GasG
Battery
Battery
▼02:06 Stopped manually
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Pow
er q
ualit
y
Supply from GasG
Supply from GasG
Grid Connection
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
7Disaster Recovery by Microgrids
Load Load Load
Grid independent systems are greatly needed!
Cloud
Mega-solar
Grid dependent (<10 MW)
Thermal/nuclear/hydropower plants
Utility grid (Bulk)
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
8Outline
1. After the Great East Japan Earthquake
2. Our smart community project by DC power
3. Summary
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
9New project supported by the MOE*, Japan
DCCluster
DCCluster
Utility grid
Energy exchanging among clustersHigh efficient DC power system for office buildings
Cluster : minimum scale of micro-grid
ACClusterDC
Cluster
EV
Purpose The verification test to realize the distributed autonomous system by the direct-current system which utilized renewable energy
Obihiro site Yamagata site
*Ministry of the Environment
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
10Demonstration sites
Obihiro city,Hokkaido
Obihiro site
High efficient DC power system
for office buildings
Yamagata city
Obihiro Sanitation Center
Yamagata Technical high School
Yamagata site
Energy exchanging among clusters
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
11Smart community project by DC power at Obihiro site
~LED LED
EV
Laptop
Storage battery
DC380 V
EMS
SW
adapter
SWRectifier
DC PCS
A
(A)High efficient converters• Rectifier
• DC PCS
• EV bi-directional charger
(B)DC power feeding system
and its components for office• DC wiring method
• DC adapter for laptop PC
• DC switches
(C)DC power Energy Management System
Development of high efficient DC powering systemfor office buildings
A
C
B B
B
PV
A
Study items
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
12Smart community project by DC power at Yamagata site
(A)Grid topology
(B)Equipment for power exchange (Power exchanger)
(C)Algorithm
(D)Management
Development of energy exchanging system among clusters.
cluster
cluster
clusterA
EMSD
C
Study items
exchanger
B
exchanger
Bexchanger
B
C
exchange
C
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
13Future vision
FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Target
Obihiro
site
Reduction in
50 % CO2
emissions
Yamagata
site
A 40%
reduction in
storage battery
capacities
development of equipment
construction
grand design
development of equipment
construction
grand design
demonstration
demonstration
now
Communitycluster
cluster
cluster
cluster
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
14Outline
1. After the Great East Japan Earthquake
2. Our smart community project by DC power
3. Summary
Copyright 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
15Summary
Sendai Microgrid worked very well during the great east Japan
earthquake. After the major event, the renewable energy and
distributed power system were focused more and NTT-F have
developed and demonstrated new microgrid systems.
One of new distributed power systems includes the mutual
energy exchanging system between (smaller scale) microgrids
called “cluster”. Use of DC power is also focused.
The smart community project is demonstrated in Obihiro and
Yamagata for the purpose of the development of high-efficient
system and the verification test to realize the mutual energy
exchanging system between micro-grids using DC power.
The project is supported by Ministry of the Environment, Japan.
International cooperation for DC power standardsThank you for your attention.