Experiences of International Institute of Tropical ... · Experiences of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) on Reducing On-Farm Food Los Kerstin Hell, IITA-Benin;

A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org

Experiences of International

Institute of Tropical Agriculture

(IITA) on Reducing On-Farm

Food Los

Kerstin Hell, IITA-Benin; [email protected]



• Mandate crops of IITA

– Plantain

– Maize

– Cowpea

– Soyabean

– Yam

– Cassava

Background

soyabean


Status Quo

• Pre-harvest losses - before harvesting begins -

insects, weeds and pests.

• Harvest losses - beginning and completion of

harvesting - losses due to shattering.

• Important in many developing countries are on-

farm losses during storage for consumption or

while awaiting selling opportunity or a rise in

prices.

• Post-harvest losses - harvest and the moment of

consumption - include on-farm losses i.e.

threshing, winnowing and drying; losses along the

chain during transportation, storage and

processing.


Challenges maize


Striga success


Challenges to maize




Mycotoxin management


– 1. Socioeconomics and policies for maize futures

– 2. Sustainable intensification & income opportunities for poor in

maize systems

– 3. Closing the maize yield gap: Towards smallholder precision

agriculture

– 4. Stress tolerant maize for enhanced food security and poverty

alleviation (especially drought)

– 5. Towards doubling maize production in developing world

– 6. Improving food safety and reducing post harvest losses in

maize

– 7. Nutritional enrichment of maize

– 8. Opening the “black box” of maize genetic diversity

– 9. Novel tools and methods for improving genetic

Maize achievements


Cassava constraints


Cassava pest/diseases



Cassava achievements


Plantain constraints


Constraints and opportunities


Plantain achievements



Yam constraints


Pests of

Yam


Diseases

in Yam


Cowpea constraints


Cowpea

achievement


Cowpea achievement


‚IPM Model‘ for maruca vitrata


Control bean flower

thrips

Host plant resistance in

available germplasm

Improved biological control:

on wild host: Ceranisus

femoratus

on cowpea: Amblyseius

swirskii

Biopesticides:

Entomopathogens

Botanical extracts


Soyabean achievements


Rust resistant lines


What is missing

• Very little research on weed control eg. Imperata etc.

(except Striga)

• Too much emphasis on resistant/higher yielding varieties

as the universal solution

• Too much emphasis on field to improve crop systems

(harvest/post-harvest/market left out)

• Impact of climate change on biotic factors little

consideration

• Land-use changes and/or intensification less studied (eg.

ecological factors)

• Little reseach on positive or negative effects of

mechanization, modern equipment or use of

herbicides/pesticides


Thank you

JJ Bakari, TEMNAR Ltd. Masasi, TZJuma Mfaume ARI Naliendele, Mtwara, TZ

Albert Bell, GTZ

Documents

Experiences of International Institute of Tropical ... · Experiences of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) on Reducing On-Farm Food Los Kerstin Hell, IITA-Benin;