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Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Muneeb Ali, Co-Founder & CTO
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Table of Contents
Brief Intro to Bitcoin and Blockchain Decentralized Identity on the Blockchain Experiences from a Production Network Blockstore: Key-Value Store on BTC Blockchain
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Bitcoin
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Let’s design a new currency…
Ledger Currency
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Ledger Currency
Let’s design a new currency…
Muneeb Ali 10 coins
Brian Kernighan 10 coins
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Ledger Currency
Let’s design a new currency…
Muneeb Ali 10 coins
Brian Kernighan 10 coins
Paul Krugman 0 coins
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Ledger Currency
Let’s design a new currency…
Muneeb Ali 10 coins
Brian Kernighan 10 coins
Paul Krugman 0 coins
Muneeb —> Krugman 2 coins (unconfirmed)
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Ledger Currency
Let’s design a new currency…
Muneeb Ali 8 coins
Brian Kernighan 10 coins
Paul Krugman 2 coins
Muneeb —> Krugman 2 coins (confirmed)
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Congratulations!
You just learned how Bitcoin works.
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Ledger Currency
Muneeb Ali 8 coins
Brian Kernighan 10 coins
Paul Krugman 2 coins
Muneeb —> Krugman 2 coins (confirmed)
Bill Gates 0 coins
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Ledger Currency
Muneeb Ali 8 coins
Brian Kernighan 10 coins
Paul Krugman 2 coins
Muneeb —> Krugman 2 coins (confirmed)
Bill Gates 0 coins
Muneeb —> Bill 2 coins (unconfirmed)
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
We need a distributed ledger (blockchain)
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Distributed Ledger
It’s a file! It grows as you make more transactions
Blockchain
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
How Blockchain Works
• Private-public key pairs
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
How Blockchain Works
• Private-public key pairs • Bitcoin address = deterministic from pubkey
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
How Blockchain Works
• No such thing as a “bitcoin”. Only inputs and outputs
• 21 million total bitcoins (fixed) • 50 BTC minted each block, halved to 25 BTC
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
How Blockchain Works
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
How Blockchain Works
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
How Blockchain Works
1 2 3 …..
3000
Register hash(name) Update name
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Decentralized Identity: Onename
Blockchain
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Decentralized Identity: Onename
Blockchain
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Decentralized Identity: Onename
Blockchain
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Decentralized Identity: Onename
Blockchain
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Lessons from Namecoin
Blockchain
• Reliability and security of the blockchain • Limit on size of data (520 bytes) • Software engineering challenges • Scalability challenges
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Blockstore
Blockchain
name_op, hash name_op, hash name_op, hash name_op, hash
name_op, hash
Bitcoin Blockchain
Virtual Blockchain
Mirror1 Mirror2 DHT
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Blockstore
Blockchain
n0 h0
n1 h1
n2 h2
nm-1 hm-1
nm hm
.
.
.
.
Secure Index (Blockchain)
(name, hash) (hash, value)
DHT Storage (Blockstore)
160-bit space
(h0,v0)
1 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0 0
0
0
0
11..11 00..00
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Blockstore
Blockchain
• Opensource (python), simpler (no blockchain functionality) • Can support multiple data stores (mirrors) • Separates control plane from data plane • Enables to experiment with namespaces / spamming / pricing
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Blockstack: Common Infrastructure for Blockchain Apps
Experiences with Scaling Blockchain-based Data Stores
Onename. Decentralized identity on the bitcoin blockchain Presentation at USENIX ATC 2015
Question?
Thank You! [email protected] @muneeb
More information: Community: blockstack.org Code: github.com/blockstack