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Exploration of Sedimentary Basins using Exploration of Sedimentary Basins using Altimeter DataAltimeter Data
By
Khalid A. Soofi
Exploration Strategy
• Good Old Times– Look for seeps & drill
– Look for bumps & drill
• Minimum Requirements– Find unexplored basin
– Is sedimentary basin thick enough?
– Does it have a source?
– Generation & Migration possible?
– Is there a Trap?
– Is there a seal?
– Economics?
Some specific examples of using Altimeter DataSome specific examples of using Altimeter Data
• Quick ScreeningQuick Screening• Salt, Mini-BasinsSalt, Mini-Basins• Submarine CanyonsSubmarine Canyons• Fracture ZonesFracture Zones• Forward ModelingForward Modeling• Wish List for Future MissionsWish List for Future Missions
Black Sea – Quick Screening
Offshore – free air gravityOnshore - topography
Malay Basin
Tonle Sap - Cambodia
Salt FeaturesSalt FeaturesMini BasinsMini Basins
Salt Features, Mini Basins
Salt Features, Mini Basins
Gulf of Mexico
Seep Association type
SAR – Slick Detection Mechanism
Hydrocarbon Slicks from Space
Gulf of Mexico - Seeps
Satellite Gravity Finds Sediment Fairways
Comparison between satellite gravity, marine, and land gravity
Barbados – Altimeter data
Barbados offshore Multi-beam Image
Multi-beam data with acoustic backscatter
Fracture ZonesFracture Zones
Fracture Zones
Fracture Zones
Fracture Zones
Off shore Niger Delta: Structural Province Map
Stable shelf
Counter-regional growth faults
Regional growth faults
Translational basin
Mobile-shale cored anticlines and diapirs
Shale-cored detachment fold
Basin-verging outer toe thrusts
Hinterland-verging outer toe thrusts
Buried Cretaceous seamounts
LEGEND
Oceanic fracture zone
Outer thrust front
Inner thrust front
Abyssal Plain of Gulf of Guinea
Limit of extension
Counter regional growth faults Fig 4
Submarine CanyonsSubmarine Canyons
Submarine Canyons – West Africa
Submarine Canyons – Indus River
Submarine Canyon – Ganges River
Submarine Canyons – offshore Nigeria
Submarine Canyons – offshore Nigeria
Submarine Canyons
Regional Seismic merged with Altimeter Data
Submarine channels offshore Nigeria
Forward ModelingForward Modeling
Caspian Sea (Model Locations)
Free Air Gravity Modeling(Strike Slip Model)
Free Air Gravity Modeling(Over-thrust Model)
Other Applications…
• Pipeline Routing conceptual design
• Seismic survey design
• Potential Hazard Areas
Ship TracksShip Tracks
Wish List...
• Resolve 10 km features near-shore (less then 1000 meters water depth) both on Free Air Gravity ( & Bathymetry, if possible).
• Get rid of near-shore noise by collecting more reliable altimeter data and merging with available ship data
• Get rid of ship track noise...
LimitationsLimitations(for HC Exploration)(for HC Exploration)
Ship TracksShip Tracks