Extend Authentication Using Sensor Technique

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 8/2/2019 Extend Authentication Using Sensor Technique

    1/4

    Oazyqojy $ Rvrmzf m` yglz fzfojg rorf lz ym lifhyl`| o rfzmh

    ygmvcg slyyfh gohislylhc ovygfhyljoylmh yglz ygfzlz `mjvzfz

    mh ygf slyyfh gohislylhc ovygfhyljoylmh( Almdfy| m``fz

    rmyfhylok `m ovymdoylj rfzmhok pfl`ljoylmh ohi il``ffhyk|

    `md mygf dfohz `m rfzmhok pfl`ljoylmh5 almdfylj dfohz

    of hmy aozfi mh ygf rmzzfzzlmh m` oh|yglhc m ygf ehmskficf m`

    zmdf lh`mdoylmh( M` ygf polmvz almdfyljz+ gohislylhc$

    aozfi pfl`ljoylmh goz ygf oipohyocf ygoy gohislylhc ohok|zlz

    fqvlfz hm lhpozlpf dfozvfdfhy ohi lz slifk| ojjfryfi zlhjf

    gohislylhc goz kmhc affh fzyoaklzgfi oz ygf dmzy il``vzf dfoh

    `m rfzmhok pfl`ljoylmh lh mv iolk| kl`f+ lhjkvilhc jmddfjforrkljoylmhz+ aohelhc yohzojylmhz+ ovymdoylj `vhi yohz`fz+

    fyj(

    Ef|smizZfhzm+ Almdfyljz+ ZPI+ Ioyo Ckmpfz+ GohislylhcL( LHYQMIVJYLMH

    Lh fok| io|z+ gvdoh aflhcz sff jmddmhk| lifhyl`lfia| ygfl hodfz( Oz ygf gvdoh rmrvkoylmh lhjfozfi+dfygmi m` lifhyl`|lhc o rfzmh afjodf dmf zmrglzyl$joyfi( Rfmrkf hffifi ym af ozzmjloyfi slyg dmf lh`m$doylmh zvjg oz `odlk|z aojecmvhi+ hoylmhokly|+ cfh$

    if+ ocf ohi akmmi cmvr ym koafk fojg ohi fpf| gv$doh aflhc oz ygf vhlqvf rfzmh lh ygf smki( Ygf rma$kfd m` rfzmhok lifhyl`ljoylmh lz dvkylrklfi sgfh jmd$rvyf jmdfz lhym ygf jmddvhljoylmh jgohhfk m` ysmroylfz( @m yglz fozmh+ dmf fkloakf ovygfhyljoylmhzjgfdf lz hffifi ym avlki vr ygf fqvlfi yvzy m` jmd$dvhljoylmh klhe( Rozzsmi+ RLHz ohi ymefh of fwod$rkfz m` yoilylmhok ovygfhyljoylmh yfjghmkmc|(

    Almdfy| m``fz rmyfhylok `m ovymdoylj rfzmhok pfl`l$joylmh ohi il``ffhyk| `md mygf dfohz `m rfzmhokpfl`ljoylmh5 almdfylj dfohz of hmy aozfi mh ygf rmz$

    zfzzlmh m` oh|yglhc m ygf ehmskficf m` zmdf lh`m$doylmh( M` ygf polmvz almdfyljz+ gohislylhc$aozfipfl`ljoylmh goz ygf oipohyocf ygoy gohislylhc ohok|zlzfqvlfz hm lhpozlpf dfozvfdfhy ohi lz slifk| oj$jfryfi zlhjf gohislylhc goz kmhc affh fzyoaklzgfi ozygf dmzy il``vzf dfoh `m rfzmhok pfl`ljoylmh lh mviolk| kl`f+ lhjkvilhc jmddfjf orrkljoylmhz+ aohelhcyohzojylmhz+ ovymdoylj `vhi yohz`fz+ fyj( O slif pol$fy| m` `foyvf fwyojylmh ohi jkozzl`ljoylmh dfygmizgopf affh orrklfi ym ygf gohislylhc fjmchlylmh( Ysmjoyfcmlfz m` pfl`ljoylmh z|zyfdz of vzvokk| ilzylh$cvlzgfi> m``$klhf ohi mhklhf z|zyfdz `m gohi slyyfh

    gohislylhc ovygfhyljoylmh ohi pfl`ljoylmh(

    LL( RQFZFHY OVYGFHYLJOYLM Z\ZYFDYgf rmakfd m` rfzmhok lifhyl`ljoylmh lz dvkylrklfisgfh jmdrvyf jmdfz lhym ygf jmddvhljoylmh jgohhfkm` ysm roylfz( @m yglz fozmh+ dmf fkloakf ovygfhyl$joylmh zjgfdf lz hffifi ym avlki vr ygf fqvlfi yvzym` jmddvhljoylmh klhe( Rozzsmi+ RLHz ohi ymefh offwodrkfz m` yoilylmhok ovygfhyljoylmh yfjghmkmc|(

    @lc( ? Fwodrkf m` rfzfhy ovygfhyljoylmh z|zyfd

    Gmsfpf+ ygfzf dfygmiz gopf donm iosaojez ozrozzsmiz ohi RLHz yfhi ym af `mcmyyfh m zgofi mvysgffoz ymefh joh af fozlk| kmzy m zymkfh( Mh ygf sfavzf Polmvz JORYJGO+ Gohislyyfh JORYJGO+ hygf jmhyfwy m` oh gyyr yohzojylmh+ ygf aozlj ojjfzz ov$ygfhyljoylmh lz o dfygmi ifzlchfi ym okkms o sfaamszf+ m mygf jklfhy rmcod+ ym rmplif jfifhylokzlh ygf `md m` o vzf hodf ohi rozzsmi sgfh doe$lhc o fqvfzy(

    @lc( 1 Fwodrkf m` rfzfhy ovygfhyljoylmh z|zyfd

    Lhyfqhoylmhok Nmvqhok m`Z|zyfdz + Okcmqlygdz &

    OrrkljoylmhzLLLLNNNNZZZZOOOO OOOOFwyfhi Ovygfhyljoylmh Vzlhc Zfhzm Yfjghlqvf

    ZvqfzgEvdoqEozg|or?+PleozJgohiqoRohif|1+RmmnoOcqosok:+DlhoezglOcqosok9

    ?+1+:+9Kfjy(m`LYIfroqydfhy+Iq(J(P(QodohVhlpfqjly|EoqclqmoiEmyo+Alkozrvq'J(C(,

    f$dolk>?Zvqfzg(e?3?7Bcdolk(jmd+1pljeljgrBcdolk(jmd+:rmmno]ocqosok?97B|ogmm(jmd+9dlhoezgl(12Bcdolk(jmd

    Pmkvdf 1+ Lzzvf ?+ Nohvoq| 12?1+ LZZH Mhklhf> 1133$1033 ?3

  • 8/2/2019 Extend Authentication Using Sensor Technique

    2/4

    Yglz lz pf| hmdok `md m` ovygfhyljoyf vzf mhklhf mm``klhf vzlhc vzfhodf ohi rozzsmi( Avy yglz lz hmy ozfjvf so| ym ovygfhyljoyf o fok vzf( Almdfyljz vzfgvdoh afgoplm ym ovygfhyljoyf o fok vzf(

    LLL( RQMRQMZFI OVYGFHYLJOYLMH

    YFJGHL_VFGohislylhc fjmchlylmh ovygfhyljoyfz lifhyly| a| dfoz$vlhc gohislyyfh gohislylhcz( Ygf gohislylhc lzyfoyfi oz o zflfz m` dmpfdfhyz ygoy jmhyolh vhlqvf alm$dfylj ioyo+ zvjg oz rfzmhok g|ygd+ ojjfkfoylmh+ ohirfzzvf `kms( Vhklef fkfjymhlj gohislylhc joryvf+sgljg yfoyz ygf gohislylhc oz o corglj ldocf+ gohi$slylhc fjmchlylmh yfjghmkmc| dfozvfz gms ygf gohi$slylhc lz zlchfi( Lh o gohislylhc fjmchlylmh z|zyfd+ orfzmh zlchz glz m gf hodf mh o ilclyl~fi corgljz yoa$kfy m rfzmhok ilclyok ozzlzyohy( Ygf z|zyfd ohok|~fzgohislylhc i|hodljz zvjg oz zrffi+ fkoylpf zrffi+

    zymef mif+ zymef jmvhy+ ohi rfzzvf( Ygf yfjghmkmc|joh okzm yoje fojg rfzmhz hoyvok gohislylhc `kvjyvo$ylmhz mpf yldf( Ygf gohislylhc i|hodljz lh`mdoylmhlz fhj|ryfi ohi jmdrfzzfi lhym o yfdrkoyf(

    M``$klhf orrmojgfz `m gohislylhc fjmchlylmh> Lh m``$klhf z|zyfdz `m sgljg ygf gohislylhc lz joryvfi mhjfygf slylhc rmjfzzlhc lz mpf+ ohi ygvz mhk| o zyoylj ld$ocf lz opolkoakf( Oz `m m``klhf gohislylhc pfl`ljoylmhrmjfzzlhc+ dmzy m` ygf foklf sme lhpmkpfz ygf fwyoj$ylmh m` `foyvfz `md ygf gohislylhcz ldocf a| polmvzzjgfdfz(vzfi kmjok cli `foyvfz ohi ckmaok cfmdfylj`foyvfz ym avlki dvkyl$zjokf pfl`ljoylmh `vhjylmhz( Zo$pmlhc fy ok( Vzfi oh fwyfhifi zgoims jmif oz o foyvfpfjym ym lhjmrmoyf amyg kmjok ohi ckmaok lh`mdoylmhlhym ygf pfl`ljoylmh ifjlzlmh( A( @ohc fy ok( vzfi rmzl$ylmhok polohjfz m` ygf ? ildfhzlmhok rmnfjylmh rm`lkfzm` ygf gohislylhc royyfhz ohi ygf fkoylpf zymef rmzl$ylmhz m` ysm$ildfhzlmhok royyfhz vzfi o qvozl$dvkylfzmkvylmh yfjghlqvf vzlhc CJZ 'Coilfhy+ Zyvj$yvok ohi Jmhjoply|, `foyvfz `m `foyvf fwyojylmh(

    Mh$klhf orrmojgfz ym gohislylhc fjmchlylmh> Lhrvy

    ifpljfz lh yglz joyfcm| of flygf ilclyl~lhc yoakfz mzdoy rfhz ohi gohi ckmpfz( Lh ilclyl~lhc yoakf$aozfiz|zyfdz amyg ckmaok ohi kmjok `foyvfz ygoy zvddol~fozrfjyz m` gohislylhc zgorf ohi i|hodljz m` gohisly$lhc rmivjylmh of vzfi `m gohislylhc pfl`ljoylmh( LhRfh$aozfi z|zyfdz o zdoy rfh lz vzfi ym jmkkfjy ioyozvjg oz rfh$ylr rmzlylmhz+ zrffiz+ ojjfkfoylmhz+ m `mjfzsglkf o rfzmh lz zlchlhc( Ygf lhplzlakf rfh$vr royz m`ygf gohislylhc of vzfi ym jmhzyvjy o gohislylhc pfl$`ljoylmh z|zyfd( Yonfjymlfz kf`y lh rfh$vr zlyvoylmh+jokkfi plyvok zymefz+ of vzfi ym fwyojy ygf mryldok`foyvfz+ sgljg frfzfhy ygf rfzmhok jgoojyflzyljz m`

    ygf ovygfhylj gohislylhc ohi o``fjy ygf fm oyf cfoy$k|(

    Vylkl~lhc ygf dvkylrkf ifcffz m` `ffimd m``ffi a| ygfioyo ckmpf `m fojg `lhcf ohi ygf gohi+ o hmpfk mh$klhfgohislylhc pfl`ljoylmh z|zyfd vzlhc ygf Zlhcvko Pok$vf Ifjmdrmzlylmh 'ZPI, hvdfljok ymmk `m gohislylhcjkozzl`ljoylmh ohi pfl`ljoylmh lz rfzfhyfi( Ygf rmrmzfiyfjghlqvf lz aozfi mh ygf Zlhcvko Pokvf Ifjmdrmzlylmh

    lh `lhilhc zlhcvko pfjymz zfhzlhc ygf dowldok fhfc|m` ckmpf ioyo doylw O+ jokkfi rlhjlrok zvazrojf+ zm ygff``fjylpf ildfhzlmhokly| m` O joh af fivjfi( Goplhcdmifkfi ygf ioyo ckmpf gohislylhc ygmvcg lyz $rlhjlrok zvazrojf+ gohislylhc ovygfhyljoylmh lz rf$`mdfi a| `lhilhc ygf ohckfz afysffh ygf il``ffhy zva$zrojfz( O ifdmhzyoylmh m` ygf ioyo ckmpf lz rfzfhyfi ozoh f``fjylpf glcg$aohisliyg ioyo fhy| ifpljf `m gohi$slylhc pfl`ljoylmh( Yglz ZPI$aozfi gohislylhc pfl`l$joylmh yfjghlqvf lz yfzyfi ohi lyz rf`mdohjf lz zgmshym af oakf ym fjmchl~f `mcf| gohislylhcz slyg o `okzfojjfryohjf oyf m` kfzz ygoh ?(1&(

    LP( IOYO CKMPFZIoyo ckmpf lz o hfs ildfhzlmh lh ygf `lfki m` gohisly$lhc pfl`ljoylmh+ sgljg joh f`kfjy ygf lifhyly| m` o rf$zmh ohi ygoy fhifz ygf `mclhc rmjfzz hfok| ldrmzzl$akf( Ckmpf gohislylhc lz o plyvok fokly|$ aozfi fhpl$mhdfhy ym zvrrmy ygf zlchlhc rmjfzz ohi ly m``fz dvk$ylrkf ifcffz m` `ffimd `m fojg `lhcf ohi `m ygf gohioz sfkk( Ygf i|hodlj `foyvfz m` ygf ioyo ckmpf rmpliflh`mdoylmh mh>

    ?( Royyfhz ilzylhjylpf ym oh lhilplivokz gohislylhc ohigohi zl~f(1( Yldf fkorzfi ivlhc ygf zlchlhc rmjfzz:( Gohi yonfjym| ifrfhifhy mkklhc

    Ygvz+ ygf ckmpf oz o ymmk `m gohislylhc fjmchlylmhokkmsz ovygfhyljoylmh m` rfmrkf hmy mhk| ygmvcg ygf alm$dfylj jgoojyflzyljz m` ygfl gohislylhcz avy okzmygmvcg ygf zl~f m` ygfl gohiz( @lcvf ? zgmsz ygf ioyockmpf ohi kmjoylmh m` zfhzmz( zgmsz zlchokz `md ygfioyo ckmpf ivlhc zlchlhc rmjfzz( Lh mv fzfojg+ sfrmrmzfi o hfs orrmojg `m gohislylhc pfl`ljoylmh

    vzlhc ?9 zfhzm$aozfi ioyo ckmpf( Ygf yfjghlqvf lzaozfi mh jmfkoylmh dfozvf ygmvcg ygf vzf m` ZlhcvkoPokvf Ifjmdrmzlylmh 'ZPI, m` il``ffhy gohislylhccmvrz(

    @lc( Zfhzm dorrlhcz `m 6IY ioyo ckmpf ?9 vkyo

    Lhyfqhoylmhok Nmvqhok m`Z|zyfdz + Okcmqlygdz &

    OrrkljoylmhzLLLLNNNNZZZZOOOO OOOOFwyfhiOvygfhyljoylmhVzlhcZfhzmqYfjghlvf

    Pmkvdf 1+ Lzzvf ?+ Nohvoq| 12?1+ LZZH Mhklhf> 1133$1033 ?7

  • 8/2/2019 Extend Authentication Using Sensor Technique

    3/4

    P( ZPI$AOZFI GOHISQLYLHC PFQL@LJOYLMHYFJGHL_VF

    Zlhcvko pokvf ifjmdrmzlylmh 'ZPI, rmplifz o hfsso| `m fwyojylhc okcfaolj `foyvfz `md ygf gohisly$lhc ioyo vzlhc ioyo ckmpf( ZPI goz affh vzfi lh doh|`lfkiz zvjg oz ioyo jmdrfzzlmh+ zlchok rmjfzzlhc+ ohi

    jmhymk z|zyfd ohi royyfh ohok|zlz( Jmhzlif o ioyockmpf m` d zfhzmz fojg cfhfoyfz h zodrkfz rf gohi$slylhc+ rmivjlhc oh mvyrvy ioyo doylw+ O'dh,( Vzv$okk| h 88 d+ sgff d ifhmyfz ygf hvdaf m` dfozvfijgohhfkz sglkf h ifhmyfz ygf hvdaf m` dfozvfdfhyz(Ygf rmrfylfz m` ygf zlhcvko pokvfz of ifzjlafi lhifyolk lh ygf `mkkmslhc>

    Ygfmfd ?( Zlhcvko Pokvf Ifjmdrmzlylmh$ L`OQdwh +ygfh ygff fwlzyz ygf ilocmhok doyljfz U T dwd d V 4v +K+v Q ? ohi U T hwh h P4 p +K+ p Q ? zm ygoy ' + , ?+rY V OP4 iloc z K zsgff dlh' + ,+ 2 ? 1 4 K r r dh z z z + l ?+1+(((r+ l z 4 of ygf zlhcvko pokvfz m`O ( Ygfzlhcvko pokvfz of ygf zqvof mmyz m` flcfhpokvfzLk m`

    G OO mO O G+ ygoy lz l l z 4 kYgfmfd 1( Ygf zyoalkly| m` Zlhcvko Pokvf>

    Ozzvdf + + dwh dwh dwh O A Q ohi ygfl zlhcvko pok$vfz of + + ? 1 h ? 1 h z z K z y y K y fzrfjylpfk|+ygfh 1O A l l z y ( Yglz dfohz ygoy ygff lz o ilzyva$ohjf oy O+ ygf poloylmh m` lyz zlhcvko pokvfz lz hmy dmfygoh ygf 1 ( $hmd m` ygf ilzyvaohjf doylw(

    Ygfmfd :( Ygf zjoklhc rmrfy|$ L` zlhcvko pokvfz m`dwh O of ez z +z ?+ 1+K + ygf zlhcvko pokvfzM`dwh o .O of . . 1 .

    ? + + + ez z K z + ygfh ' + + + , ' + + + , . . 1 . ? 1 e? eo z z Kz 4 z z K z

    Ygfmfd 9( Ygf myoylmh lhpolohy rmrfy|$ L` R lz ygfvhlyo| doylw+ ygfh ygf zlhcvko pokvfz m` RO of ygfzodf oz ygmzf m` O( Ygf oampf rmrfylfz m` ZPI ofpf| ifzloakf lh gohislylhc pfl`ljoylmh+ sgfh gohi$slylhc ioyo of yoefh vzlhc ioyo ckmpf(

    PL( ILZYOHJF DFOZVQFDFHY @MQGOHISQLYLHC IOYO ZFYZ

    A| fzyoaklzglhc ygf rmrfylfz m` ZPI+ sf fwyojyfi ygf`lzy kf`y zlhcvko pfjymz 'V, m` ckmpf ioyo doylw O+sgljg lz ojjmvhy `m dmzy m` ygf poloylmh lh ygf mlclhokioyo( Yglz dfohz ygoy slyg d h ioyo doylw ygoy lz vzv$okk| kocfk| mpf ifyfdlhfi slyg dvjg dmf zodrkfz'jmkvdhz, ygoh jgohhfkz 'msz,> h 88 d ygf zlhcvkopokvf ifjmdrmzlylmh okkmsz ym jmdrojy ygf dmzy m`gohislylhc jgoojyflzyljz lhym pfjymz( Hms+ goplhclifhyl`lfi fojg gohislylhc ygmvcg lyz $yg (

    rlhjlrok zvazrojf+ ygf ovygfhyljly| m` ygf ylfi gohi$slylhc joh af mayolhfi a| jokjvkoylhc ygf Fvjklifoh

    ilzyohjf afysffh lyz rlhjlrok zvazrojf ohi ygf cfhvlhff`ffhjf( Ygf Fvjkliloh ilzyohjf `m fpf| cfhvlhf m`mcfi gohislylhc l e W w + w +(((+ w ? 1 slyg ygff`ffhjf gohislylhc l e \ | +| +(((+| ? 1 lz jokjv$koyfi a| clpfh fqvoylmh>

    PLL( DMIFK @MQ YGF ZPI$AOZFI ZLCHOYVQFPFQL@LJOYMH YFJGHL_VFZ

    Fhmkkdfhy rgozf>

    Vzf ioyo ckmpf ym rmplif ygf z|zyfd slyg ?2cfhvlhf zodrkfz m` glz-gf zlchoyvf(

    Mvy m` ygf jmkkfjyfi ?2 cfhvlhf zodrkfz zfkfjyygf f`ffhjf zlchoyvf(

    Fwyojy ygf $rlhjlrok zvazrojf m` ygf f`ffhjfzlchoyvf ohi zopf ly lh ygf ioyoaozf `m doyjg$lhc(

    Pfl`ljoylmh rgozf>

    Vzf ioyo ckmpf ym lhrvy ygf zlchoyvf m` ygfvzf 'mhf zodrkf,(

    Jokjvkoyf ygf $rlhjlrok zvazrojf m` ygfjkoldfi lifhyly| vzlhc ZPI(

    Doyjg ygf rlhjlrok zvazrojf m` ygf jkoldfilifhyly| ym ygf fhmkkfi dmifkz lh ygf ioyoaozfygmvcg ygf zldlkoly| `ojym(

    Jmdrof ygf zldlkoly| `ojym slyg ygf ifjlzlmh

    ygfzgmki `m OJJFRY m QFNFJY(

    PLLL( JMHZKVZLMHLh yglz fzfojg rorf sf gopf zvddol~fi ohi jlyljokk|ilzjvzzfi ygf dolh lzzvfz ym af yoefh lhym ojjmvhy `mygf fpokvoylmh m` ygf ojjvoj| ohi rf`mdohjf m` zlcho$yvf pfl`ljoylmh yfjghlqvf( Ygf fok$yldf zlchoyvf lifh$yl`ljoylmh ohi pfl`ljoylmh lz hfjfzzo| lh dmzy rojyljokorrkljoylmh( Mv rmrmzfi ZPI$aozfi zlchoyvf pfl`ljo$ylmh yfjghlqvf joh rmjfzz ckmpf$aozfi zlchoyvf ioyo lhglcg zrffi ohi mayolhfi o zlchl`ljohy fzvky( Lyz f``fj$ylpfhfzz ohi zlchl`ljohy rf`mdohjf goz affh rmpfh a|

    ygf fwrfldfhyz( Lh mif ym jmdrof ygf rmrmzfi yfjg$hlqvf vzlhc ioyo ckmpf slyg mygf mh$klhf zlchoyvf pfl$`ljoylmh yfjghlqvf+ ygf fqvok fm oyf pokvf m` ygf ZPI$aozfi zlchoyvf pfl`ljoylmh yfjghlqvf lz jokjvkoyfi ohirmpfi ym af zlchl`ljohyk| kmsf 'FFQ 4 1(90&, ygoh ygfmygf mh$klhf yfjghlqvfz( Gfhjf+ `md ygf fwrfldfhyokrmlhy m` plfs+ mv rmrmzfi yfjghlqvf `m zlchoyvflifhyl`ljoylmh ohi pfl`ljoylmh hffi kms jmdrvyoylmhokyldf oz sfkk oz rmivjf glcg kfpfk m` ojjvoj|( Zm+ ygfZPI$aozfi zlchoyvf pfl`ljoylmh yfjghlqvf vzlhc ioyockmpf do| frfzfhy o hfs yfhi lh fok$yldf zlchoyvfpfl`ljoylmh z|zyfd(

    Lhyfqhoylmhok Nmvqhok m`Z|zyfdz + Okcmqlygdz &

    OrrkljoylmhzLLLLNNNNZZZZOOOO OOOOFwyfhiOvygfhyljoylmhVzlhcZfhzmqYfjghlvf

    Pmkvdf 1+ Lzzvf ?+ Nohvoq| 12?1+ LZZH Mhklhf> 1133$1033 ?

  • 8/2/2019 Extend Authentication Using Sensor Technique

    4/4

    OJEHMSKFICDFHYYgf ovygmz smvki klef ym yoef yglz mrrmyvhly| ym ygohePleoz Jgohio Rohif| `m glz lhpokvoakf rff fplfsohi filymlok sme mh yglz oyljkf( Gf lhzlcgyz sff yv$k| orrfjloyfi ohi yglz rorf smvki hmy gopf affh rmzzl$akf slygmvy gf ozzlzyohjf

    QF@FQFHJFZU?T Q( Rkodmhimh+ C( Kmfyyf+ Ovymdoylj zlchoyvf pfl`ljoylmh

    ohi slyf lifhyl(joylmhygf zyoyf m` ygf oy+ Royyfh Qfjmchlylmh+pmk( ?+ hm( 1+ rr( ?23?:?+ ?