P.O. Box 8 Cape Neddick Maine 03902 www.groundrootpreservation.com

ExteriorPaintSpecifications:WoodenStructuresattheCapeNeddickLightStation

August,2016

IntroductionThisspecificationforexteriorpreparationandpaintingtakesintospecialconsiderationtheharshclimaticconditionsattheCapeNeddickLightStation.Includedareinstructionsforbasicidentificationofhistoricpainttypes,mitigatingcircumstances,andprotectingevidenceofimportanthistoricfinishes.Projectadministratorsshouldinspectallsurfacestobepaintedforanyconditionsthatrequirerepairorconservationbeforeengagingpaintersorschedulingtheirwork.Anyrepairsandconservationshouldbecompletedbeforepreparationforpaintingbegins.

1. Generala. ContractorSelection

i. ContractingfirmwillhaveatleastfiveyearsofexperienceworkingwithstructureslistedintheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces.

ii. Allpersonnelworkingontheprojectwillhaveatleastfiveyearsofexperiencewiththetools,techniquesandskillsassociatedwithpreparingandpaintinghistoricstructures.

b. QualityAssurance

i. AllprocessesandprocedureswillbesubjecttoinspectionandapprovalbyTownofYorkParksandRecreation(YPR)staffortheirdesignees.

ii. Allworkwillbecompletedinaneat,cleanandworkmanlikemanner.

c. CertificationandCompliancei. Allworkmanwillpossesstherequisitelicensing,insuranceandcertification.

ii. Alllocalregulationsorordinancesregardingscaffolding,parking,publicstreets,right-of-way,andnoiselevelswillbeobserved.

d. Protection

i. Novolatilesubstanceswillbeusedinpaintremovalorapplication.ii. Noflammablesubstanceswillbeleftinhistoricbuildingsduringnon-

worktimes.iii. Noheat-generatingtoolssuchastorches,heatgunsorinfraredpads

willbeused.iv. Nomechanicalblasting(forexample,sand,walnutshellorsoda)will

beusedforpaintremoval.v. Norotarygrindersorsanderswillbeusedforpaintremoval.vi. Therewillbenospray-typeapplicationofpaintorprimer.

e. EPALeadAbatement

i. Forinteriorandexteriorwork,allcontractorsmustpresentcertificationatthefederalandstatelevelsforleadabatement.

ii. Allleadabatementproceduresregardingpaintremoval,jobsitepreparation,anddisposalmustbefollowedincompliancewithstateandfederalregulations.

f. ToolsandEquipment

i. Scrapersandknivesonly:usetoolsthatfitthesurface;onlycurvedscrapersforcurvedmoldings,etc.

ii. Nomechanicaltoolssuchasrotarygrindersorsandersoneithertheinteriororexterior.

iii. Donotscrapetobarewoodifnotnecessary.iv. Onlyusereasonableforcetoremovefailedmaterial.v. Stablepaintlayersremaininplaceasarecordofpainthistory.

2. Beforepainting,allwoodworkrepairsmustbecompletedinconformancewith

SpecificationsforRepairandRestorationofExteriorWoodwork,GroundrootPreservationGroupLLC,August2016.

3. Exterior

a. Inspectioni. Priortopreparationandpaintingexteriorsidingandtrims,observeandinspectallsurfacesforcracks,deflection,biologicalgrowthanddecay.

ii. Cracks:ifcracksorotherareasmovefreely,theelementmustberepairedpriortopainting.Thismustbedonebyaqualifiedarchitecturalconservatororrestorationcarpenter.

iii. BiologicalGrowth:priortopaintapplication,anymossormoldgrowthmustbekilledwithapreservation-friendlyfungicidesuchasD2®

iv. Decay:ifdecayisfound,stoppreparationandnotifyYPRofficialsforapropercourseofrepairorreplacement.Repairsandreplacementsmustbedonebyaqualifiedarchitecturalconservatororrestorationcarpenter.

b. Preparation

i. Allexteriorcombinationstormwindowsanddoorswillberemovedpriortopreparationandpainting.

ii. PaintRemoval:1. Nopower-washingispermitted.2. Scraping:sharpedgesandcornersshouldremainsharp,flat

surfacessmooth,andallcurvesshouldretaintheiroriginalprofiles.

3. Usesharp,cleanpaintscraperswithshapessuitedtotheprofilesofthemoldings.

4. Donotusepointedorflatscraperstoscraperoundprofiles.5. Nolarge-scalepaintremovaltobarewoodispermittedunless

thematerialremoveseasilywithmoderatehandforce.6. Anyloose,flakingpaintmustberemovedbyhandwithasharp,

cleantoolsuchasapainter’s“five-in-one”tool.7. Useonlymoderatehandpressure.8. Donotexpandbordersofpaintremovalareasbeyondlooseor

failedpaint.9. Leavesoundmaterialinplace.Thisensuresthatanadequate

recordofpainthistoryispreserved.10. Overall,perfectlysmoothsurfacesmaynotbeobtainedbythe

aboveprocedures.However,thisspecificationstresses

acceptedpreservationpracticeandasound,long-lastingproductratherthancreatingaperfectaesthetic.

iii. Sanding:iftestsrevealthattheedgesofscrapedareascanbesanded

andfeatheredtocreatesmoothtransitions,usesandpaperstartingwith60or80-gritsandpaper,andfinishingwith150-gritsandpaper.

1. Ifbarewoodisexposed,donotsandorcontinuetosand,asthesurfaceofthewoodcouldbecomedamaged.

2. Makeeveryefforttopreservetheprofilesofallhistoricmoldings.Avoiddistortingorroundingoffsharpedgesandcurvesinmoldingsbysanding.

3. Priortoinstallationofpaint,allbarewoodwillbetreatedwithamixtureconsistingof30%boiledlinseedoiland70%puregumspiritsofturpentine.Thiswillbeappliedliberallyuntilitsoaksevenlyintothewood.Thiswillbeallowedtodryforatleast48hourspriortotheapplicationofprimerandpaint.

c. RustAbatementUseofnon-treatedsteelnailsforsidingandtriminstallationhasledtocorrosionandbleedingthroughpaintintheharsh,salineenvironment.Withoutcompletereplacementoffasteninghardware,thisproblemislikelytopersist.However,withproperpreparation,theprocesscanbesloweddownandcontrolledconsiderably.

i. Forallfuturerepairsuseonlystainlesssteelnailsandtrimscrews.ii. Removealleasilyremovablecorrodinghardware,includingall

staples,nailsandscrewssecuringthedecorativeholidaylighting.iii. Totreatexistingsidingandtrimnails,followtheseprocedures:

1. Nailsflushwith,orproudofwoodensurfaces:a. Gentlyhand-sandallnailheadsthatareflushwith,or

proudofthesurfaceswith150-gritsandpaper,removingpaintandcorrosion,untilabrightmetalfinishisachieved.

b. Donotsandexcessivelytoavoiddamageorreductionofthenailheadsthickness.

c. Withanartist’sbrush,dabPenetrol®ontoeachnailhead.Alsocoveranydifferentialstainingonwoodandpaintsurroundingthenails.Thiswillsealthemetalandstainsagainstfurtherwaterpenetration.Allowtodrycompletelybeforeinstallingprimerandpaint.

2. Nailswithheadsbelowthesurfaceplaneofthewood:a. Furthercounter-sinkwithasteelnailpunchtoadepth

if1/8”belowthesurfaceofthewood.b. Filleachareawithalinseedoil-basedputtysuchas

Swedishputtyhttp://www.guggenheimcolorbyfpe.com/store/pc/viewPrd.asp?idproduct=99

c. Installflushwiththesurfaceofthewood,andremoveallexcess.

d. Allowtocureaspermanufacturer’sspecificationspriortoinstallingprimerandpaint.

d. Primeri. Foruniform,smoothsurfacesingoodrepair,useahigh-qualityacrylicprimer.Theunderlyingcoatingslikelycontainbothoilandacrylicpaints,andoilpaintdoesnotadhereproperlywhenappliedoveracrylic.Selectamong:

1. FinePaintsofEuropeEuroluxAcrylicPrimer2. Sherwin-WilliamsDTMAcrylicPrimerFinish3. BenjaminMooreFreshStartExteriorAcrylicPrimer4. Forirregularorheavily-repairedsurfaces,orsurfaceswith

extremelythickpaintbuildup,useXIMPeelBondprimerii. PaintApplication

1. Nopaintshouldbeapplieduntilmoisturelevelsinallwoodenelementsareconsistentlybelow15%.Allprimerandpaintinstalledonexteriorelementsmustbefinishedbyhandwithneat,parallelbrushstrokes.

2. Nosurfacefinishingwithsprayersorrollersispermitted.3. Rollersarepermittedforinitialapplicationbutpaintmustbe

finishedwithbrusheswhilewet.4. Forclapboardsandtrim,brushstrokesmustalwaysrun

paralleltothelongdimensionofeachelement.5. Primerandpaintwillbeworkeddeeplyintoallcrevices,joints

andcracksbyhandwiththebrush.6. Applyallprimersandpaintsaccordingtomanufacturer’s

specificationsregardingenvironmentalconditions,temperatureandcuretimes.

e. FinishCoatPaint

1. Forclapboards/siding:2. Usehigh-quality,semigloss/satinacrylicpaint.Selectamong:

a. FinePaintsofEuropeEuroluxacrylicpaintb. Sherwin-WilliamsSuperPaintExteriorAcrylicLatex

Paintc. BenjaminMooreRegalSelectExteriorPaint

3. ApplytwofinishcoatstoallelementsperSection3babove.4. Donotusestain;modernlatexandoilexteriorstainsarelittle

morethanthinnedpaintandhavearecordofpoorperformanceandcolorfastness.

5. Appropriatecuretimeswillbeallowedaspermanufacturers’recommendations.

6. Cureforaminimumof21dayspriortoreinstallationofstormwindowsanddoors.Thiswillpreventpossibleweldingofthenewpaintsurfacestothemetalstorms.