Focus Area 28Vision and HearingProgress Review

October 20, 2004

Vision and Hearing• Goal: Improve the visual and hearing health of

the Nation through prevention, early detection, treatment, and rehabilitation.

• About 85 million people in the U.S. have potentially blinding eye diseases, have low vision, are legally blind, or are more visually impaired.

• In 1995, the economic impact of visual disorders and disabilities was about $38.4 billion.

• About 28 million people in the U.S. are deaf or hard of hearing.

• Related to functional independence and quality of life of people of all ages.

28-1. Dilated eye examinations 28-2. Vision screening for children28-3. Impairment due to refractive errors28-4. Impairment in children and adolescents28-5. Impairment due to diabetic retinopathy28-6. Impairment due to glaucoma28-7. Impairment due to cataract

Vision Objectives28-8a. Occupational eye injuries resulting in lost work days28-8b. Occupational eye injuries treated in emergency departments 28-9a. Protective eyewear use, ages 6-1728-9b. Protective eyewear use, ages 18 and over28-10a. Vision rehabilitation services28-10b. Visual and adaptive devices

New baseline

Getting worse Little or no change

No baseline dataImproving

28-5. Impairment due to diabetic retinopathy

28-6. Impairment due to glaucoma

Highlighted Vision Objectives

28-10a. Vision rehabilitation services28-10b. Visual and adaptive devices

0Rate per 1,000 persons with diabetes

2010Target

4020

Ages 18 and over

White

Female

Hispanic

Male

Asian

60 80 100

Obj. 28-5

Visual Impairment due to Diabetic Retinopathy, 2002

Note: Data are for persons 18 years and over with diabetes, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. Education-level data are for ages 25 years and over. American Indian includes Alaska Native. Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race. I is 95% confidence interval. *Data are statistically unreliable.Source: National Health Interview Survey, CDC, NCHS.

*American Indian

Black **

Less than high school

At least some college

High school

0Percent

105

Ages 18 and over

White

Hispanic

Asian

15 20 25

Diabetes Prevalence by Race/Ethnicity, 2002

Note: Data are for diagnosed diabetes only, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. American Indian includes Alaska Native. Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race. I is 95% confidence interval. Source: National Health Interview Survey, CDC, NCHS.

American Indian

Black

0Rate per 1,000 persons

2010Target

2010

Ages 45 and over

White

Female

Hispanic

Male

Asian

30 40 50

Obj. 28-6

Visual Impairment due to Glaucoma: Ages 45 and Over, 2002

Note: Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. American Indian includes Alaska Native. Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race. I is 95% confidence interval. *Data are statistically unreliable.Source: National Health Interview Survey, CDC, NCHS.

*

Less than high schoolHigh school

At least some college

American Indian

Black *

With diabetesWithout

diabetes

0Rate per 1,000 persons

2010Target

2010

White

30 40 50

Obj. 28-6

Visual Impairment due to Glaucoma by Race and Education: Ages 45 and Over,

2002

Note: Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. I is 95% confidence interval. *Data are statistically unreliable.Source: National Health Interview Survey, CDC, NCHS.

Black

60

Less than high schoolHigh school

At least some college

0Percent among persons with visual impairments

2010Target

1

Ages 18 and over

White

Female

Hispanic

Male

Asian

2 4

Obj. 28-10a

Use of Vision Rehabilitation Services, 2002

*American Indian

Black *

*

*

*

Note: Data are converted from rate per 1,000 to percent for presentation only; they are age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. Education-level data are for ages 25 years and over. American Indian includes Alaska Native. Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race. I is 95% confidence interval. *Data are statistically unreliable.Source: National Health Interview Survey, CDC, NCHS.

3

*

Less than high schoolHigh school

At least some college

0Percent among persons with visual impairments

2010Target

105

Ages 18 and over

White

Female

Hispanic

Male

Asian

15 20 25

Obj. 28-10b

Use of Visual Adaptive Devices, 2002

*American Indian

Black *

Note: Data are for persons 18 years and over with visual impairments, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. Education-level data are for ages 25 years and over. American Indian includes Alaska Native. Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race. I is 95% confidence interval. *Data are statistically unreliable.Source: National Health Interview Survey, CDC, NCHS.

Less than high schoolHigh school

At least some college

Hearing Objectives28-14. Hearing examinations a. Ages 20-69 b. Ages 70 and over c. Ages 12-1928-15. Evaluation and treatment referrals28-16a. Hearing protection – adults28-16b. Hearing protection - adolescents28-17. Noise-induced hearing loss among adolescents28-18. Noise-induced hearing loss among adults

28-11a. Newborn hearing screening before age 1 month28-11b. Newborn hearing evaluation before age 3 months28-11c. Newborn intervention services before age 6 months28-12. Otitis media28-13a. Hearing aid use, ages 20-6928-13b. New cochlear implants28-13c. Hearing aid use, ages 70 and over28-13d. Use of assistive listening devices, ages 70+

New baseline

Getting worse Little or no change

No baseline dataImproving

Highlighted Hearing Objectives

28-11a. Newborn hearing screening before age 1 month28-11b. Newborn hearing evaluation before age 3 months28-11c. Newborn hearing intervention

services before age 6 months28-12. Office visits for otitis media28-13b. New cochlear implants

Hearing Screening, Evaluation, and Intervention Services for Newborns,

2001 Newborns

under 1 month

66% screened (46 states) Target: 90%

56% evaluated before3 months (25 states)

Target: 70%

57% received interventionservices before 6 months

(10 states)Target: 85%

Source: State-based Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) Program Network, CDC and/or specific state data.

Objs. 28-11a-c

a.

b.

c.For infantswithhearingloss

For infantsidentifiedwith possiblehearing loss

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400Visits per 1,000 children

0

Office Visits for Otitis Media:Ages under 18

Obj. 28-12Source: National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey/ National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, CDC, NCHS.

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Male

Female

2010Target

0Visits per 1,000 children

2010Target

200

Total

White

Female

Male

600400

Obj. 28-12

Office Visits for Otitis Media:Ages under 18, 2002

Under 3 years3-5 years

6-17 years

Black

Age

1000800

Note: Black and white include persons of Hispanic or non-Hispanic origin. Persons reported one or more races. Data by race are shown for persons who reported one racial group. I is 95% confidence interval. Source: National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey/ National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, CDC, NCHS.

1200

0Rate per 10,000 deaf or very hard-of-hearing persons

2010Target

25

All ages

Female

Male

50 325

Obj. 28-13b

New Cochlear Implants, 1999

Under 6 years*

45-64 years

65 years and over

Note: Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. *Data are statistically unreliable.Sources: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, AHRQ; National Health Interview Survey, CDC, NCHS.

75 300100

18-44 years

6-17 years*

708

Progress Reviewdata and slides

can be found on the web at:

http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hphome.htmhttp://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hphome.htm