Fabrication additive et grande échelle : le projet DEMOCRITE

Architectured Materials Examples DEMOCRITE project XtreeE

Fabrication additive et grande échelle :le projet DEMOCRITE

Justin DirrenbergerLaboratoire PIMM, ENSAM / CNAM / CNRS – Paris, France

[email protected]

Mercredi 11 mai 2016

Maison des Ponts


Outline

1 Architectured MaterialsMaterials selectionGeometry and optimisation

2 ExamplesArchitectured materialsLarge-scale applications

3 DEMOCRITE projectContext

4 XtreeEXtreeE – the large-scale 3d


Plan






Plan






Materials space

Too many materials to choose from...

[Ashby, 2011] 2


Materials function

[Ashby, 2011]

Structure loaded in tension, torsion, bending and compression.

3


Holes in the materials space

[Ashby, 2013]4


Architectured materials

Adapted from [Bouaziz et al., 2008] 5


Plan






Materials archetypes

[Ashby, 2013]6


Geometry, not a new idea...

How to use geometry within materials ?[Ashby, 2011]

7


Changing the topology

[Ashby and Bréchet, 2003]8


Changing the topology

[Ashby and Bréchet, 2003]9


Optimising the topology

[Tovar et al., 2006] [Laszczyk, 2011] 10


Architectured materials

New challenges :Design and shape optimisation

Processing and manufacturing

Characterisation and experiments

Modelling and simulation

Interfaces and durability

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Plan






Plan






Wood is an architectured material

[Ashby, 2011]

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Biomimetic bilayered actuators

[Turcaud et al., 2011]

PhD work of Sébastien Turcaud @Dpt of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany

and SIMAP, Grenoble Institute of Technology, France

13


Ultralight fractal truss structures

[Rayneau-Kirkhope et al., 2012]

PhD work of Daniel Rayneau-Kirkhope @ Dept. of Physics, University of Nottingham,

UK, now at Aalto University, Finland

14


Entangled random fibrous media

[Dirr

enbe

rger

etal

.,20

14]

15


Elastoplastic auxetic lattices

[Dirrenberger et al., 2011, Dirrenberger et al., 2012, Dirrenberger et al., 2013]

[Dirrenberger et al., 2011, Dirrenberger et al., 2012, Dirrenberger et al., 2013]

16


Plan






Recursive UHPC truss structure

EZCT Architecture & Design Research (2013)17









EZCT Architecture & Design Research (2013) 20


3D printed lattice structures

UCL, The Bartlett, Philippe Morel & Thibault Schwartz (2014)21


3D printed clay columns

Clay Robotics UCL, The Bartlett, Philippe Morel & Thibault Schwartz (2014) 22

https://vimeo.com/105278832


3D printed cement structural element

ENSA Paris-Malaquais, C. Gosselin/R. Duballet/Ph. Roux (2014)23


Plan






Plan






DEMOCRITE project

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DEMOCRITE project

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DEMOCRITE project

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DEMOCRITE project

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DEMOCRITE project

28


DEMOCRITE project

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3D printing process for concrete

30


Large-scale 3D printing of UHPC

1st additively manufactured structural element in France

Development of tangential continuity slicing

Spin-off company created : XtreeE® 31


3D printed concrete part for acoustic damping

32


3D printed architectured wall

33


Plan






Plan






XtreeE – the large-scale 3d

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XtreeE – our partners !

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Sources I

Ashby M. F. (2011).Materials selection in mechanical design.Butterworth Heinemann, 4th edition.

Ashby M. F. (2013).Designing architectured materials.Scripta Materialia, vol. 68 n◦ 1, pp 4–7.

Ashby M. F. and Bréchet Y. (2003).Designing hybrid materials.Acta Materialia, vol. 51, pp 5801–5821.

Bouaziz O., Bréchet Y., and Embury J. D. (2008).Heterogeneous and Architectured Materials : A Possible Strategy for Design of Structural Materials.Advanced Engineering Materials, vol. 10 n◦ 1-2, pp 24–36.

Dirrenberger J., Forest S., and Jeulin D. (2012).Elastoplasticity of auxetic materials.Computational Materials Science, vol. 64, pp 57–61.

Dirrenberger J., Forest S., and Jeulin D. (2013).Effective elastic properties of auxetic microstructures : anisotropy and structural applications.International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design, vol. 9 n◦ 1, pp 21–33.

Dirrenberger J., Forest S., and Jeulin D. (2014).Towards gigantic RVE sizes for stochastic fibrous networks.International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 51 n◦ 2, pp 359–376.

Sources II

Dirrenberger J., Forest S., Jeulin D., and Colin C. (2011).Homogenization of periodic auxetic materials.Procedia Engineering, vol. 10, pp 1847–1852.11th International Conference on the Mechanical Behavior of Materials (ICM11).

Gosselin C., Duballet R., Roux Ph., Gaudillière N., Dirrenberger J., and Morel Ph. (2016).Large-Scale 3D Printing of Ultra-High Performance Concrete– A New Processing Route for Architects andBuilders.Materials and Design, vol. 100, pp 102–109.

Laszczyk L. (2011).Homogénéisation et optimisation topologique de panneaux architecturés.Thèse de Doctorat, Université de Grenoble.

Rayneau-Kirkhope D., Mao Y., and Farr R. (2012).Ultralight Fractal Structures from Hollow Tubes.Physical Review Letters, vol. 109 n◦ 204301.

Tovar A., Patel N. M., Niebur G. L., Sen M., and Rennaud J. E. (2006).Topology Optimization Using a Hybrid Cellular Automaton Method With Local Control Rules.Journal of Mechanical Design, vol. 128, pp 1205–1216.

Turcaud S., Guiducci L., Fratzl P., Dunlop J. W. C., and Bréchet Y. (2011).An excursion into the design space of biomimetic architectured biphasic actuators.International Journal of Materials Research, vol. 102 n◦ 6, pp 607–612.

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Fabrication additive et grande échelle : le projet DEMOCRITE