International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering (IJIRAE) ISSN: 2349-2163 Issue 04, Volume 4 (April 2017) (SPECIAL ISSUE) www.ijirae.com

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ IJIRAE: Impact Factor Value – SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2016): 3.916 | PIF: 2.469 | Jour Info: 4.085 |

ISRAJIF (2016): 3.715 | Indexcopernicus: (ICV 2015): 47.91 IJIRAE © 2014- 17, All Rights Reserved Page -161

FABRICATION AND TESTING OF METAL AND FIBRE

REINFORCED POLYMER LAMINATE COMPOSITE

Suraj.S1, Prakruth.H1, Ashok kumar C N2, VijayasimhaReddy B.G.3

1Students, 2Asst.Professor,3Principal,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India.

Abstract -- An increase in demand for materials in different areas dominates the development of new materials day by day. To improve the properties of conventional materials has lead to the technique of reinforcing polymers, ceramics and metals with particles, fibres and whiskers. In this work Fibre Reinforced Polymer laminate (FRP) and Metal plate using as laminate and Fibre glass Reinforced Polymer laminate (MFRP) were prepared by using general purpose resin as bonding material for FRP and aluminium as metal for MFRP. Tensile tests were carried out to study the strength characteristics. The results of MFRP are compared with those of metal and FRP specimens. Keywords: Conventional, MFRP, resin, strength, tensile, flexural

I. INTRODUCTION

As metals and non metals are widely used in past and recent years. Some metals are light in weight with ductility or brittlrness properties. To improve their properties and life, a new innovative material having light weight, high strength, high stiffness a composite materials are evolved. In polymer composites, there are many different materials which are obtained by changing the composition of the constituents. These polymer composites are brittle and light weight compared to metals. Here a new type of composites material is introduced having both ductility and brittleness properties. Hence the name called Metal & Fibre Reinforced Polymer (MFRP). A MFRP is composite in which metal and fibers are reinforced into polymer matrix. This type finds applications in building, structures, bridges etc. With the advancement in technology in the field of materials and manufacturing process had led to new materials. One such is composites, which are formed by combining two or more materials. The uses of glass fibre reinforced composites are widely used in many fields such as aerospace, automobile, marine, sports equipment. Researchers are finding for structural materials of high strength, low weight and low cost.

II. MATERIALS USED 2.1 GLASS FIBRE Glass Fibre is a material made of fibres of glass material having light weight, extremely strong. It is used as reinforcement in the polymer. The fibres mat is taken according to dimensions of mould as shown in fig.1

Figure .1.Glass fibres Figure. 2. Aluminium sheet 2.2 METAL: An aluminium plate of thickness 1mm is used. This is typically soft, malleable and ductile with good electrical and thermal resistance, used in the preparation of MFRP, shown in figure 2. 2.3 RESIN: In material science resin is a solid or highly viscous substance which are typically convertible into polymers. In the preparation of FRP and MFRP, general purpose resin is used as a matrix.

International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering (IJIRAE) ISSN: 2349-2163 Issue 04, Volume 4 (April 2017) (SPECIAL ISSUE) www.ijirae.com

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ IJIRAE: Impact Factor Value – SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2016): 3.916 | PIF: 2.469 | Jour Info: 4.085 |

ISRAJIF (2016): 3.715 | Indexcopernicus: (ICV 2015): 47.91 IJIRAE © 2014- 17, All Rights Reserved Page -162

III. PREPARATION OF MFRP LAMINATES:

The composite material used for the present investigation is fabricated by hand layup processes. The MFRP composite consists of 7 seven layers in which three layers of glass fiber are fixed in top and bottom of the specimen. Metal sheet and glass fiber is prepared according to the dimensions of the mould 300 mm X 300mm. 1:2 proportion is taken with respect to fibre and resin. In order to improve bonding between metal and fibre reinforced laminate, surface of the metal sheet is made rough using emery paper. Mould is placed in a smooth and clean surface. Releasing agent is applied on the mould and it is set to dry for 2 minutes. Then the resin was applied on the surface of the mould by using a brush. Three layers of fibres are stacked uni-axially below the aluminium sheet and again three layers of fibres are stacked over the aluminium sheet. Thus the aluminium sheet is sandwiched between three layers of glass fibres and resin, above and below the aluminium laminate. The fabricated material was dried in room atmosphere up to 24 hours. After curing laminates are removed from mould. Similarly FRP laminates is prepared using glass fibre and resin.

3.1 SPECIMEN COMPOSITION A. Three layers of chopped glass fibre and resin+ metal+ three layers of chopped glass fibre and resin (MFRP) B. Six layers of chopped glass fibre and resin (FRP) C. Metal

IV.EXPERIMENTS 4.1. TENSILE TEST The fabricated MFRP composite material is cut into required dimension using water jet machining. Tensile testing specimens are prepared according to ASTM standards and tested by using Universal testing machine. The testing process involves placing the test specimen in the testing machine and applying tension to it until it breaks.

Figure.3. Tested tensile Specimens

V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In the present paper, glass fiber reinforced metal composite materials are used for the investigation. The metal used is aluminium, where as glass fiber is used as reinforcing materials with epoxy resin. The experimental results are recorded for the tensile test.

LOAD VS DISPLACEMENT GRAPH OBTAINED FOR THE TESTED SPECIMENS UNDER TENSILE TEST IS SHOWN IN FIGURE 4, 5, AND 6.

Figure.4. Load Vs Displacement graph for tensile test Figure.5. Load Vs Displacement graph for tensile test MFRP laminate FRP laminate

International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering (IJIRAE) ISSN: 2349-2163 Issue 04, Volume 4 (April 2017) (SPECIAL ISSUE) www.ijirae.com

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ IJIRAE: Impact Factor Value – SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2016): 3.916 | PIF: 2.469 | Jour Info: 4.085 |

ISRAJIF (2016): 3.715 | Indexcopernicus: (ICV 2015): 47.91 IJIRAE © 2014- 17, All Rights Reserved Page -163

Figure.6. Load Vs Displacement graph for tensile test metal laminate

From figure 4, 5 and 6, that peak load is high in case of MFRP compared to other two types of laminates. The tensile strength analysis for the composite structure for different specimen is tabulated in table1. The variation is due to the variation that takes place during the fabrication process.

TABLE.1: COMPARISON OF YIELD STRESS AND TENSILE STRESS OF TENSILE TEST TYPE OF LAMINATES A (MFRP) B (FRP) C (METAL) SPECIMENS A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3 C1 C2 C3 LOAD AT YIELD [KN] 18.62 18.66 18.69 8.53 9.10 9.78 1.43 1.41 1.38 ELONGATION AT YIELD [MM] 10.99 10.22 8.25 4.64 4.58 4.44 6.92 5.92 4.52 YIELD STRESS [N/MM2] 166.30 166.66 179.27 108.29 114.20 123.68 122.22 120.17 118.07 LOAD AT PEAK [KN] 21.94 22.37 21.25 10.34 11.17 11.84 1.56 1.52 1.56 TENSILE STRESS[N/MM2] 195.95 199.80 203.83 131.27 140.25 149.73 134.22 129.54 132.90

VI. CONCLUSION

This work shows that successful fabrication of metal fiber reinforced polymer laminate composite has been done by simple hand-lay-up technique. It is observed that the mechanical properties of the composites are greatly influenced by the glass fibres. Yield stress and tensile stress are higher for MFRP compared to FRP and metal laminates. Hence metal fiber laminates shows good results than other two types.

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