Facing a Facing a

National ProblemNational Problem

F.O.A. (Bellwork)F.O.A. (Bellwork)

What message do you get from this photo?

F.O.A. (Bellwork)F.O.A. (Bellwork)

Today

Finish Reader’s Theater

Assignments

Notes

TodayToday

Educationportal.com video on Missouri Educationportal.com video on Missouri CompromiseCompromise

What’s happening here?What’s happening here?

Reader’s TheaterReader’s Theater

Read the playRead the play

While you do that, I’ll assign parts.While you do that, I’ll assign parts.

AssignmentAssignment

Should the slaves be convicted or set Should the slaves be convicted or set free? Defend your answer with a one-free? Defend your answer with a one-paragraph answer.paragraph answer.

QuestionsQuestions

What’s a free state?What’s a free state?

What’s a slave state?What’s a slave state?

New CompromisesNew Compromises

Henry ClayHenry Clay– Worked hard to settle differences dividing the Worked hard to settle differences dividing the

nation.nation.– Congressman from KentuckyCongressman from Kentucky– Free state: didn’t want slavery.Free state: didn’t want slavery.– Slave state: wanted slaverySlave state: wanted slavery– Everything was EVEN until Missouri became Everything was EVEN until Missouri became

a state. a state.

The Missouri CompromiseThe Missouri Compromise

Asked to join the U.S. as a slave stateAsked to join the U.S. as a slave state

This would make more slave states than This would make more slave states than free.free.

Missouri would join as a slave state AND Missouri would join as a slave state AND Maine would join as a free state.Maine would join as a free state.

Imaginary line would be drawn through the Imaginary line would be drawn through the rest of the Louisiana territoryrest of the Louisiana territory

Solutions to the ProblemSolutions to the Problem

North of the line = Free StatesNorth of the line = Free States

South of the line = Slave statesSouth of the line = Slave states

Results of the Missouri Results of the Missouri Compromise of 1820Compromise of 1820

Kept the peace for nearly 30 yearsKept the peace for nearly 30 years

Six new states joined the Union – 3 slave Six new states joined the Union – 3 slave and 3 free….still equal in numberand 3 free….still equal in number

AND THEN along came…AND THEN along came…CaliforniaCalifornia

The Compromise of 1850The Compromise of 1850

Henry Clay to the rescue AGAINHenry Clay to the rescue AGAIN

California = FreeCalifornia = Free

New Mexico and Utah territories= people New Mexico and Utah territories= people would decidewould decide

AssignmentAssignment

Make a key and color all known states and Make a key and color all known states and territories like you see on page 304 for a territories like you see on page 304 for a map.map.

Draw boundaries for the known states and Draw boundaries for the known states and territories, as well as the unknown territories, as well as the unknown territories. Label the states.territories. Label the states.

If you finish, draw an editorial cartoon on If you finish, draw an editorial cartoon on the Missouri Compromise.the Missouri Compromise.

Fugitive Slave LawFugitive Slave Law

A new law that said:A new law that said:– Anyone caught helping slaves escape would Anyone caught helping slaves escape would

be punished.be punished.– If you found a runaway slave, you had to If you found a runaway slave, you had to

return them to their owner.return them to their owner.

Hopes for Peace FadeHopes for Peace Fade

Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)

Gave people living there the choice by Gave people living there the choice by voting voting

Hundreds moved in to “vote” on whether to Hundreds moved in to “vote” on whether to be a free or slave state.be a free or slave state.

Tempers FLARED and over 200 people Tempers FLARED and over 200 people were killed in the disputewere killed in the dispute

Nicknamed Nicknamed “ Bleeding Kansas”“ Bleeding Kansas”

F.O.A. (Bellwork)

What is this saying?

EQs

What role did slavery play in the United States? (8.5 spi 8)

What were some of the consequences of expansion? (8.5 spi 13)

What were some of the causes of the civil war? (8.5 spi 4)

Today

Video on Dred Scott

Notes

Assignment

Dred Scott CaseDred Scott Case

Supreme Court ruled that once a slave, Supreme Court ruled that once a slave, living in a free state, didn’t change that.living in a free state, didn’t change that.

Said Scott had “none of the rights and Said Scott had “none of the rights and privileges” of American citizensprivileges” of American citizens

Also said Congress had no right to outlaw Also said Congress had no right to outlaw slavery because the Constitution protects slavery because the Constitution protects people’s right to own PROPERTY and people’s right to own PROPERTY and slaves were PROPERTY!!!slaves were PROPERTY!!!

Abraham Lincoln works for ChangeAbraham Lincoln works for Change

Violence because of the Kansas-Nebraska act Violence because of the Kansas-Nebraska act got everyone’s attentiongot everyone’s attentionAbraham Lincoln was against the SPREAD of Abraham Lincoln was against the SPREAD of slaveryslaveryRepublican Party formed to fight the spread of Republican Party formed to fight the spread of slavery.slavery.Lincoln ran for Senator Lincoln ran for Senator Stephen A. Douglas, author of the Kansas-Stephen A. Douglas, author of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, was his OPPONENT! The battle Nebraska Act, was his OPPONENT! The battle is ON………is ON………

The Lincoln-Douglas DebatesThe Lincoln-Douglas Debates

Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln

Tall, thin man from Tall, thin man from the frontierthe frontier

Wore plain dark Wore plain dark clothesclothes

Not well knownNot well known

Stephen DouglasStephen Douglas

Heavy and a foot Heavy and a foot shorter than Lincolnshorter than Lincoln

Well educated Well educated

Wore fine clothesWore fine clothes

SenatorSenator

Well knownWell known

Both were powerful public speakers

DouglasDouglas

Each new state should decide the slavery Each new state should decide the slavery question for itself.question for itself.

LincolnLincoln

““The framers of the Constitution intended The framers of the Constitution intended slavery to end.”slavery to end.”

The problem is that slavery is WRONG!The problem is that slavery is WRONG!

Senate WinnerSenate Winner

Stephen Douglas was re-elected to the Stephen Douglas was re-elected to the Senate.Senate.

But….now everyone knew who Abraham But….now everyone knew who Abraham Lincoln was!!!Lincoln was!!!

Douglas Wins!

Assignment

Make a key and color all known states and Make a key and color all known states and territories like you see on page 304 for a territories like you see on page 304 for a map.map.

Draw boundaries for the known states and Draw boundaries for the known states and territories, as well as the unknown territories, as well as the unknown territories. Label the states.territories. Label the states.

If you finish, draw an editorial cartoon on If you finish, draw an editorial cartoon on the Missouri Compromisethe Missouri Compromise

Lesson 4Lesson 4

A Time for HardA Time for Hard

DECISIONSDECISIONS

F.O.A. (Bellwork)F.O.A. (Bellwork)

Essential QuestionsEssential Questions

What were some of the consequences of What were some of the consequences of expansion? (8.5 spi 13)expansion? (8.5 spi 13)

What were some of the causes of the Civil What were some of the causes of the Civil War? (8.5 spi 4)War? (8.5 spi 4)

TodayToday

Crash course video over 1860Crash course video over 1860

Notes over pre-Civil WarNotes over pre-Civil War

Mental map Mental map

Announcement

Benchmark will be on Friday.

It’ll cover the pre-Civil War stuff.

Study pages 448-497.

Focus on John Brown, Election of 1860, Compromise of 1850

What is this?What is this?

The Election of 1860The Election of 1860

Democratic Party candidate: DouglasDemocratic Party candidate: Douglas

Democratic Party south: BreckinridgeDemocratic Party south: Breckinridge

Republican Party: LINCOLNRepublican Party: LINCOLN

Stephen A. DouglasStephen A. Douglas

West should decide for themselves about West should decide for themselves about slavery.slavery.

John BreckinridgeJohn Breckinridge

Democratic candidate popular with Democratic candidate popular with SouthernersSoutherners

Government should allow slavery Government should allow slavery everywhere in the West.everywhere in the West.

Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln

Republican candidateRepublican candidate

Against the SPREAD of slaveryAgainst the SPREAD of slavery

Promised not to stop slavery in the South Promised not to stop slavery in the South where it was already practiced.where it was already practiced.

Said he hoped it would one day END Said he hoped it would one day END there, too.there, too.

Worried White SouthernersWorried White Southerners

Many in the South were afraid if Lincoln Many in the South were afraid if Lincoln were elected, slavery would be outlawed.were elected, slavery would be outlawed.

Some even said they would LEAVE the Some even said they would LEAVE the Union if Lincoln was elected.Union if Lincoln was elected.

Lincoln Elected PresidentLincoln Elected President

November 6, 1860November 6, 1860December 20, 1860 South Carolina’s leaders December 20, 1860 South Carolina’s leaders seceded from the Union.seceded from the Union.Later SIX other southern states seceded:Later SIX other southern states seceded:– MississippiMississippi– FloridaFlorida– AlabamaAlabama– GeorgiaGeorgia– LouisianaLouisiana– TexasTexas

John Brown’s RebellionJohn Brown’s Rebellion

John Brown’s rebellion at Harper’s FerryJohn Brown’s rebellion at Harper’s Ferry– A white abolitionistA white abolitionist– Stole guns from Harper’s Ferry warehouse to give to Stole guns from Harper’s Ferry warehouse to give to

slavesslaves– Caught, tried, and hangedCaught, tried, and hanged– Southern states thought they were no longer safe from Southern states thought they were no longer safe from

the abolitionist Norththe abolitionist North

The Confederate States of AmericaThe Confederate States of America

South CarolinaSouth Carolina

MississippiMississippi

FFloridalorida

LLouisianaouisiana

AAlabamalabama

GGeorgiaeorgia

TexasTexas

F.O.A. (Bellwork)Who was Frederick Douglass?What was John Brown’s Rebellion?What was the Compromise of 1850?What was the result of the election of 1860?Did the North’s reaction to John Brown’s raid anger and shock Southern slaves?Did Northerners support John Brown?Did Stephen Douglas take a stand against slavery?

Essential Questions

What role did slavery play in the United States? (8.5 spi 8)

What is Civil War? 8.5

Today

BrainPop over causes of Civil War

Mental maps

Benchmark

Go over benchmark answers

Mental mapMental map

Mental map – pick oneMental map – pick one

Dred ScottDred Scott

John BrownJohn Brown

Compromise of 1850Compromise of 1850

Election of 1860 Election of 1860

Use pages 479, 486-495.Use pages 479, 486-495.

Mental mapMental map

Step one – topic in the middleStep one – topic in the middle

Step two – Subdivisions or subheading for Step two – Subdivisions or subheading for the topic. Make each one just one or two the topic. Make each one just one or two words. You need at least three words. You need at least three subheadings for your topic.subheadings for your topic.

Step three – Links to the subheads. You Step three – Links to the subheads. You need at least three links to the subhead.need at least three links to the subhead.

Mental mapMental map

Draw a picture for your title firstDraw a picture for your title first

Draw one picture for your subhead.Draw one picture for your subhead.

Draw a picture for each link to the Draw a picture for each link to the subhead.subhead.

Fort SumterFort Sumter

Some advised Lincoln to “Let the states Some advised Lincoln to “Let the states go”go”

Others said, “Give in on the slavery Others said, “Give in on the slavery question.”question.”

Still others said, “Use the ARMY to end Still others said, “Use the ARMY to end their revolt!”their revolt!”

Lincoln’s ChoicesLincoln’s Choices

He wanted to prevent war.He wanted to prevent war.

““We are not enemies, but friends.”We are not enemies, but friends.”

THE VERY NEXT DAYTHE VERY NEXT DAY

An important message came from An important message came from Major Robert Anderson Major Robert Anderson commander at Fort Sumter:commander at Fort Sumter:

Urgent!Urgent!

Message from Commander AndersonMessage from Commander Anderson

Supplies at the Fort are almost gone. If new supplies are not sent soon, we will be forced to surrender the fort to the Confederacy.

What to Do???What to Do???

If I send supplies…Southerners might If I send supplies…Southerners might attack.attack.

If I send troops….Southerners WILL If I send troops….Southerners WILL attack.attack.

If I do nothing…the commander will have If I do nothing…the commander will have to surrender.to surrender.

DecisionDecision

Lincoln decided to send supply ships Lincoln decided to send supply ships

And see what the Southerners would doAnd see what the Southerners would do

Confederate President DavisConfederate President Davis

Davis decided to take over the fort Davis decided to take over the fort BEFORE the supply ships arrived.BEFORE the supply ships arrived.

Demanded them to surrender.Demanded them to surrender.

NEVER!NEVER!

The Confederate troops FIRED on the fort, The Confederate troops FIRED on the fort, Major Anderson and his men ran out of Major Anderson and his men ran out of ammunition and had to give up.ammunition and had to give up.

The Civil War has Begun!The Civil War has Begun!

Lincoln called for Americans to join the Lincoln called for Americans to join the army to stop the rebellion.army to stop the rebellion.Frightened southern states not in the Frightened southern states not in the Confederacy now joined with the other 7 Confederacy now joined with the other 7 states.states.Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina Carolina

1111 States Strong States Strong

North vs. SouthNorth vs. South

Comparing SidesNORTH

-Larger population (22,000,000)

-More railroads, canals, and roads

-Superior industry

-Great navy

-Financial stability & banking

SOUTH

-Better generals

-Most of the fighting happened in the South

North’s StrategyBlockade southern ports & gain control of the MS River; divide the South in half

South’s Strategy

“Cotton Diplomacy”– Get Great Britain to help because it needed cotton;

didn’t work

Course of the War

Battle of Bull Run/Manassas– Confederate Generals “Stonewall” Jackson & Robert

E. Lee; Union General George McClellan

Antietam (Sep. 17, 1862)

After Bull Run, Lee thought it was time to invade the North– Met Union forces at Antietam Creek in MD– Bloodiest single day in American history

“BROTHER VS. BROTHER”

After winning at Antietam, the North goes on the attack in TN– Northern General Ulysses S. Grant– Battle of Shiloh

A Tennessean

David Farragut– Admiral in the Union Navy; defeated the Confederates

at New Orleans and Vicksburg, MS

Lincoln Has Something To Say

Emancipation Proclamation– September 22, 1862– Freed all the slaves forever; many African-Americans

begin enlisting to fight for the Union

The Beginning of the End

Battle of Gettysburg– Confederacy sustains heavy casualties– Lee retreats; Union General Meade does not follow

him; upsets Lincoln

Sherman’s March to the Sea

Union General William Tecumseh Sherman led his force of 100,000 from TN to Savannah, GA– “Total War” – destroying EVERYTHING!

Surrender

April 9, 1865 – General Lee surrenders to General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse

Effects of the War

Slavery is over

Over 620,000 Americans are dead

Martial law is declared in some areas

The once powerful Southern economy is in absolute ruins