Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Factor 5 Flow CityFactor 5 Flow CityFuture Images of Sustainable
Urban Development in the Baltic Sea Region
Per G BergLandscape Planning Department, SLU Uppsala
The Planetary Shield is Injured
Here it is: our endangered atmospheric shield
The Cities in the Baltic Sea Region is a part of the Problem
So What is a Factor Five Flow City?
Definition 1: Factor 5 City
A A factor 5 Cityfactor 5 City has reduced its need for life has reduced its need for life support areas to 20% of the present support areas to 20% of the present situation, without compromising with the situation, without compromising with the citizens’ access to culture, parks, service, citizens’ access to culture, parks, service, education and work places. education and work places.
Definition 2 : Flow City
Physical, economic, Physical, economic, organisational and organisational and other resources continuously streaming or other resources continuously streaming or being exchanged in a dynamic system being exchanged in a dynamic system ((e.g.e.g. a city). a city).
E.g. flows of energy, money, traffic, E.g. flows of energy, money, traffic, laundry and knowledge. Also a light state laundry and knowledge. Also a light state of mind – a psychological sense of of mind – a psychological sense of Context. Context.
Definition 3: Factor 5 Flow City
FFFC is a semi-quantitative metaphor for FFFC is a semi-quantitative metaphor for a city with radically less need for physical a city with radically less need for physical life support and with far less cultural, life support and with far less cultural, social and organisational “friction” than social and organisational “friction” than today. today.
Factor five flow city = 5 x more efficient than today
Uses only 20% of the fossile fuels of todayUses only 20% of the fossile fuels of todayHas only 20% of the nutrient lossesHas only 20% of the nutrient lossesReduce transport CO2-exhaust with 80%Reduce transport CO2-exhaust with 80%Has a five time longer ”active” coastline Has a five time longer ”active” coastline
between built and green structuesbetween built and green structuesProduces the same social, organisational Produces the same social, organisational
and cultural resources with only a fifth of and cultural resources with only a fifth of the ecosystems life support area.the ecosystems life support area.
Is this a Good Example?Is this a Good Example?
I was just kidding….I was just kidding….
There are good FFFC house level examples – The Lindås house without Heat System
FFFC communities – Hågaby FFFC communities – Hågaby model area: 50 aspects of SD.model area: 50 aspects of SD.
There are also good FFFC plans for townscape areas
Examples of Factor Five Flow City Candidates
TOWNS (Baltic Reg)TOWNS (Baltic Reg) Livani, LatviaLivani, Latvia Hällefors, SwedenHällefors, Sweden Hannover, GermanyHannover, Germany Novgorod, RussiaNovgorod, Russia Sopot, PolandSopot, Poland Turku, FinlandTurku, Finland
CITIESCITIES VancouverVancouver SeattleSeattle MünichMünich Hong KongHong Kong StockholmStockholm CuritibaCuritiba
Factor five flow Regions
The Baltic Sea RegionThe Baltic Sea Region Mediterranian regionMediterranian region Alp-Adriatic RegionAlp-Adriatic Region North West U.S. and North West U.S. and
CanadaCanada North-West RussiaNorth-West Russia Southern AfricaSouthern Africa
Why Factor 5 Flow City?
The Carrying Capacity of Soils
CULTURECULTURE YEAR YEAR IND / IND / km2km2
Hunters and GatherersHunters and Gatherers <4000 B.C. <4000 B.C. 11 Slash-Burn AgricultureSlash-Burn Agriculture 4000-1000 B.C. 4000-1000 B.C. 2020 Permanent AgriculturePermanent Agriculture 1000-1800 1000-1800 5050 Meadow-field AgricultureMeadow-field Agriculture 1800-1950 1800-1950 200200 Modern AgricultureModern Agriculture 1950- 1950- 3000 3000
Looks good, doesn’t it?Looks good, doesn’t it?
Simultaneously……
Life-Support areas (LSA) are too largeCarl Folke et al. 1997. AMBIO
The ratio between City and LSA
City – Life-support-AreaCity – Life-support-Area
City-Primary Production: 1:200City-Primary Production: 1:200
City-Waste Assimilation area 1:550-1200City-Waste Assimilation area 1:550-1200
City- Total Life-Support Area City- Total Life-Support Area ~ 1: 1000~ 1: 1000
The Goal is: 1:200 = Factor 5The Goal is: 1:200 = Factor 5
Or expressed as footprints: 29 largest BSR cities appropriate 75-150% of the Baltic Sea
Drainage Basin
How can FFFC be realised?
Seven planning resources (framework) for
a Factor Five Flow City – adopted from the Habitat Agenda (1996 and 2001)
P
E
B
OS
C
A
A factor five flow culture….
Conserve Conserve physicalphysical resources and introduce resources and introduce renewable energy, materials and watersrenewable energy, materials and waters
Decouple Decouple economyeconomy from environmental impact from environmental impact Fractally integrate Fractally integrate greengreen and built structures and built structures Forms an Forms an organisationallyorganisationally efficient city, town, efficient city, town,
community and settlement structurecommunity and settlement structure Upholds strong Upholds strong socialsocial communities supporting a communities supporting a
sustainable and healthy lifestylesustainable and healthy lifestyle Always emphasises its local Always emphasises its local culturescultures over time over time Designs Designs intersensoryintersensory supportive human habitats supportive human habitats
Conserve physical resources: energy, materials and waters
The Renewable Diversity EraThe Renewable Diversity EraThe Bio-Detoxification Era The Bio-Detoxification Era The Dematerialisation EraThe Dematerialisation EraThe Cascade Coupling EraThe Cascade Coupling EraThe Sustainable Lifestyle EraThe Sustainable Lifestyle EraThe Lighter Backpack EraThe Lighter Backpack Era
Non-renewable Uranium: Formation time: >3 billion years
Non-renewable Carbon: Formation time: 300 million years
Half-renewablePeat: formation time: 300 to 3000 years
Renewable Bio-Pellets : Formation time: 3-30 years
Renewable Solar energy : Formation time: 0.000 000 3 Seconds
The Chinese Thermos
The New Solar Heat Cool Storage Miracle Machine from ClimateWell
The Detoxification Era:Our invisible Allies
The Dematerialisation Era: Step 1 Prime minister’s Heat absorbers
The Dematerialisation ERA: Step 2: The Factor 5 Rubber Cloth Absorber
The Dematerialisation Era: Step 3 – The factor 1000 Chinese Thermos
The cascade coupling Era: The Living machine
The Sustainable Lifestyle Era
The Lighter Backpack Era
CONCLUSIONS: The Factor Five flow City:
Decouples Economic Growth from Environmental Impact – the Factor 5 Car
(energy and materials)
Fractally integrate built and Green structures…
…Utilises the Green-Blue City Coast = factor 5 longer than a compact circle
Forms an efficient communities-, transport-, and information-infrastructure = factor 5
Upholds strong communities supporting a sustainable and healthy factor 5 lifestyle
Always emphasises its local Heritage over time, which
contributes to a Factor 5 lifestyle
Designs intersensory supportive human habitats = supports factor 5 lifestyle
Programme 2006-2010: Factor Five Flow City in 10 Baltic Region Cities
10 comprehensive 10 comprehensive plansplans
50 years futures 50 years futures studies on Factor five studies on Factor five flow adataptionflow adataption
10 core researchers10 core researchers 50 assisting senior and 50 assisting senior and
junior researchersjunior researchers Practitioners and Practitioners and
communication teams communication teams continuously reviewingcontinuously reviewing
Factor 5 Flow CityFactor 5 Flow City
Per G BergLandscape Planning Department, SLU
Uppsala
INFO and LINKS: [email protected]
