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FacultyFacultyRichard Fikes Edward Richard Fikes Edward FeigenbaumFeigenbaum (Director) (Director) (Emeritus)(Emeritus)
Knowledge Systems LaboratoryKnowledge Systems LaboratoryStanford UniversityStanford University
““In the knowledge is the power.”In the knowledge is the power.”
Senior ScientistsSenior Scientists Deborah McGuinness Sheila Deborah McGuinness Sheila
McIlraithMcIlraith (Associate Director)(Associate Director)
Technology for effectively representing and Technology for effectively representing and using knowledge in computer systemsusing knowledge in computer systems
9/4/02
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
2
KSL ProjectsKSL Projects For DARPA in multiple programsFor DARPA in multiple programs
DDARPA ARPA AAgent gent MMarkup arkup LLanguage (anguage (DAMLDAML))Semantic WebSemantic Web technology technology
Rapid Knowledge Formation (Rapid Knowledge Formation (RKFRKF))
Knowledge authoringKnowledge authoring technology technology
Secure, robust, and scalable Logistics (Secure, robust, and scalable Logistics (UltraLog)UltraLog)
For the intelligence community in multiple programsFor the intelligence community in multiple programs AAdvanced dvanced QUQUestion & estion & AAnswering for nswering for INTINTelligence (elligence (AQUAINTAQUAINT))
KKnowledge nowledge DDiscovery and iscovery and DDissemination (issemination (KD-DKD-D))
NNovel ovel IIntelligence from ntelligence from MMassive assive DData (ata (NIMDNIMD))
HHome ome LLand and SSecurity ecurity AAdvanced dvanced CConcept oncept TTech. ech. DDemo. (emo. (HLS ACTDHLS ACTD))
Semantic Web ToolsSemantic Web Toolsforfor
Authoring and UsingAuthoring and UsingAnalysis ResultsAnalysis Results
Richard FikesRichard FikesRobert McCoolRobert McCool
Deborah McGuinness Sheila McIlraithDeborah McGuinness Sheila McIlraith
Knowledge Systems LaboratoryKnowledge Systems LaboratoryStanford UniversityStanford University
www.ksl.stanford.eduwww.ksl.stanford.edu
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
4
The Semantic WebThe Semantic Web
Goal: Evolve the Web –Goal: Evolve the Web – From sites designed for human consumptionFrom sites designed for human consumption To sites alsoTo sites also understandable and usable by computer programs understandable and usable by computer programs
What would that do for us?What would that do for us? Query answeringQuery answering rather than document retrieval rather than document retrieval ServicesServices findable, usable, and composable by automated agents findable, usable, and composable by automated agents Information exchangeInformation exchange among independently designed programs among independently designed programs
How are we getting there from here?How are we getting there from here? For For documents –documents –
> StructureStructure, ala XML, ala XML> OntologiesOntologies to provide intended meaning of terms to provide intended meaning of terms
For For services – services – Computer interpretable descriptionsComputer interpretable descriptions
““The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation.”
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
5
KD-D Project ObjectivesKD-D Project Objectives
Tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs Tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs of Semantic Web documentsof Semantic Web documents
Automated services supporting analysis reportsAutomated services supporting analysis reports
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
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Authoring ToolsAuthoring Tools Develop tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs of Develop tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs of
Semantic Web documentsSemantic Web documents Tools toTools to build knowledge base of supporting data and results build knowledge base of supporting data and results
Tools to Tools to produce report as text version of knowledge base contentproduce report as text version of knowledge base content Develop automated services supporting analysis reportsDevelop automated services supporting analysis reports
> Report Report templatestemplates that specify – that specify –
– Syntactic structure of the documentSyntactic structure of the document
– Ontologies describing the meaning of the vocabulary used in the template Ontologies describing the meaning of the vocabulary used in the template
– Sequence of entities (class instances) that the document will describeSequence of entities (class instances) that the document will describe
– Perspective for each entity descriptionPerspective for each entity description
> Semantic searchSemantic search tools for effectively finding data relevant to a task tools for effectively finding data relevant to a task
> Interactive extractionInteractive extraction tools for documents and typed text tools for documents and typed text
> Knowledge structuring and editingKnowledge structuring and editing tools tools
> LinkingLinking of analysis of analysis results toresults to supporting supporting datadata
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
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Services Supporting Analysis ResultsServices Supporting Analysis Results
Develop tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs Develop tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs of Semantic Web documentsof Semantic Web documents
Develop automated services supporting analysis reportsDevelop automated services supporting analysis reports Monitor for changes in dataMonitor for changes in data supporting results supporting results
Changes and updates to data reflected in reported resultsChanges and updates to data reflected in reported results
Check results for incongruitiesCheck results for incongruities with data and other results with data and other results
Include Include query-answering agentquery-answering agent with report with report
Integrate resultsIntegrate results from multiple authors using differing vocabularies from multiple authors using differing vocabularies
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
8
I Found These SourcesI Found These Sources
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University8
Document sources
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
9
Hyperlinks in DocumentsHyperlinks in Documents
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University9
Hyperlinks to entities
in knowledge
base
Extracted people
and roles
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
10
Identified People and Their Identified People and Their TitlesTitles
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University10
Identified people and their titles
Incongruity to be resolved
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
11
Situation Analysis TemplateSituation Analysis Template
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University11
A Template to produce a structured description of a
situation
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
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Kinds of SituationsKinds of Situations
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University12
Templates for more specific
situations
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
13
Election Analysis TemplateElection Analysis Template
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University13
The more specific Election template
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
14
Search for documents about Search for documents about presidentpresident
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University14
Search for reference
documents containing “president”
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
15
News Stories About News Stories About PresidentPresident
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University15
Only current news stories about an election were considered
Two documents found
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
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Found Documents Added To Found Documents Added To Template DescriptionTemplate Description
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University16
Entering a candidate
Found documents entered into description
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
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No Matches For ZivojinovicNo Matches For Zivojinovic
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University17
No politician named Zivojinovic was found in
the knowledge base
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
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Zivojinovic is a Movie StarZivojinovic is a Movie Star
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University18
System knows about a Movie Star named
Zivojinovic
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
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Zivojinovic is a CandidateZivojinovic is a Candidate
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University19
Analyst says the Movie Star is a
candidate
Analyst can extend the template
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
20
Located In is a PropertyLocated In is a Property
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University20
“located in” is a property in the
knowledge base
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
21
Located In YugoslaviaLocated In Yugoslavia
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University21
Analyst enters “yugoslavia” as the location of
the election
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
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Description of YugoslaviaDescription of Yugoslavia
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University22
System recognizes
“yugoslavia” as a known
country
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
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Located in Entity YugoslaviaLocated in Entity Yugoslavia
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University23
System changes the
location to the Yugoslavia
knowledge base entity
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
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Filled Out TemplateFilled Out Template
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University24
Completed template
description of the election
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
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Election Report Item in KBElection Report Item in KB
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University25
Election description in the knowledge
base
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
26
System-Generated Text From System-Generated Text From KBKB
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University26
System-generated text
from KB
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
27
Text Version of Report ItemText Version of Report Item
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University27
Report item describing the
election
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University
28
Year 1 Milestones and ImpactYear 1 Milestones and Impact
MilestonesMilestones
Prototype implementationsPrototype implementations – –
> Critical tools for authoring results as Semantic Web documentsCritical tools for authoring results as Semantic Web documents > Sample set of document templates and ontologiesSample set of document templates and ontologies
> Sample set of automated services supporting analysis reportsSample set of automated services supporting analysis reports
ImpactImpact PrototypesPrototypes (tools & services) (tools & services) suitable forsuitable for initial testing by analystsinitial testing by analysts
Designs for implementationsDesigns for implementations suitable for substantial pilot studiessuitable for substantial pilot studies
Semantic Web ToolsSemantic Web Toolsforfor
Authoring and UsingAuthoring and UsingAnalysis ResultsAnalysis Results
Richard FikesRichard FikesRobert McCoolRobert McCool
Deborah McGuinness Sheila McIlraithDeborah McGuinness Sheila McIlraith
Knowledge Systems LaboratoryKnowledge Systems LaboratoryStanford UniversityStanford University
www.ksl.stanford.eduwww.ksl.stanford.edu