The Fall of The Soviet Union Causes Glasnost Perestroika
Economic problems Freedom movement in Eastern Europe 92
nationalities and 112 languages spoken Ethnic conflicts
Slide 3
Fall of the Soviet Union 1991 Effects Formation of the
Commonwealth of Independent Nations End of the Cold War Economic
Hardships Minority revolts/civil conflicts Conflicts between
pro-communist and pro democratic groups Rise of Boris Yeltsin
YouTube - The Fall of Communism - 1991 - part 1 of 6!
Slide 4
Slide 5
December 1991 Collapse of Soviet Union 15 Republics are formed
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Boris Yeltsin Becomes
President of Russia Shock Therapy sharp switch from a command to a
market economy
Slide 6
The Yeltsin Era Switch too quickly to a market economy/economic
instability 1993/ 1994 hyperinflation 800% High unemployment Severe
shortages/high crime Bombing of legislative Building 1991 War in
Chechnya/demanded independence/rebel battles/still going on today
1999 Replaced by Putin/new president former KGB agent
Slide 7
Putin Economic reforms Continuation of the war in
Chechnya/Grozny capital destroyed Ethnic conflicts throughout
Russia Russians become a major oil producer and exporter. Relations
become tense between the Russians and the Americans Medvedev
handpicked by Putin Wins 2008 election
Slide 8
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Alexander Litvinenko, former KGB spy, before and after the
thallium poisoning
Slide 12
Post Soviet Republics 1989 Berlin Wall torn down. 1990 free
elections in East and West Germany Unification of Germany in 1990
Effects Of Reunification of Germany Leader Helmut Kohl taxed the
Germans to modernize East Germany West German Economy hurt by
reunification Many West Germans resented East Germans Major
recession Rise of Neo Nazis: 1970s 1980s guest workers/Germany for
Germans Germans Gerhard Schroder elected Chancellor
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jnCPdLlUgvo
Slide 13
Eastern Europe Czech Republic and Slovakia 1918 united Czech
and Slovak lands into Czechoslovakia 1989 freed from Soviet control
President Vaclav Havel 1993 divided into Czech Republic and
Slovakia
Slide 14
Eastern Europe Poland Solidarity: trade union that demanded
freedoms Led by Lech Walesa/arrested 1989 free elections 1990 Lech
Walesa elected president Economic problems similar to Russia Shock
therapy/communists gained seats in parliament Walesa loses
presidency to Aleksander Kwasniekski
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q1WOGCDZrzk
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qTpc2iy9AI&feat ure=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qTpc2iy9AI&feat
ure=related
Slide 15
Eastern Europe Between 1989 to 1991 Hungary, Czechoslovakia,
Albania, and Bulgaria held free elections. Romania overthrew and
executed their brutal president Nicolae Ceausescu who refused to
have free elections. In 1991 the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland
joined NATO. The former Soviet Republics of Ukraine, Belarus, and
Kazakhstan destroyed their nuclear weapons. Paid by US. Chernobyl
nuclear accident All eastern European nations as well as the Soviet
Republics had great difficulty switching from communism to
capitalism: high inflation and high unemployment.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wrU2duoNMlI
Slide 16
Start of the New Cold War
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L11PfHJGAoo&featur
e=PlayList&p=4CF5B7FE5FAF6758&playnext_from=PL&p
laynext=1&index=44
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L11PfHJGAoo&featur
e=PlayList&p=4CF5B7FE5FAF6758&playnext_from=PL&p
laynext=1&index=44
Slide 17
War in Bosnia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8T_uAs40Aa4
Slide 18
Balkans Ethnic Cleansing
Slide 19
19 GENOCIDE Genocide: An attempt to eliminate, in whole or in
large part, a particular group of people (such as national, ethnic,
racial, religious, social, or political groups). Mass Murder: The
intentional killing of a large number of people who are either
unwilling or unable to defend themselves. Ethnic Cleansing: The
attempt to remove a particular group of people from a particular
geographic area through the use of terror.
Slide 20
Yugoslavia Eight Major ethnic groups: Serbs, Croats, Muslims,
Slovenes, Macedonians, Albanians, Hungarians and Montenegrins.
Ethnic and religious differences for centuries After WWII:
Yugoslavia became a federation of six republics Ruled with an Iron
hand by Josef Tito Communist and nonaligned
Slide 21
Changing of Leadership 1980 Tito dies Slobodan Milosevic takes
over Serb Leader
Slide 22
Ethnic Cleansing 1991 Slovenia and Croatia declare their
independence Serbian led Yugoslav army invades both republics
Bosnia and Herzegovina joined Slovenia and Croatia in declaring
independence During the War Serbians used ethnic cleansing against
Bosnian Muslims
Slide 23
Ethnic Cleansing Forced migration of Muslims Violence, rape,
killing
Slide 24
Kosovo 1998 Kosovo violence again erupts Southern Serbia Ethnic
Albanians were killed, raped and forced to leave their homes by the
Serbs NATO intervened on the side of the Albanians Peace 1999
Slide 25
Slobodan Milosevic Extradited to stand trial at the Hague in
the Netherlands War crimes Died March 11, 2006 without a verdict
being handed down. General Ratko Mladi still remains at large
Bosnian Serb president Radovan Karadzic remains at large
http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworl d/stories/bosnia502/video_index.h
tml# http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworl
d/stories/bosnia502/video_index.h tml#